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+ no-no is ASEA INFORMATION RK 858-500 B h Fromoate eg aoe be Relay Division bee eeds 1914 5651 7 RAAD ~ AUTOMATIC POWER SYSTEM RESTORATION EQUIPMENT APPLICATION GUIDE INTRODUCTION ‘The importance of electrical energy in the modern society is continously increasing. This means that the dependence of the consumers on electrical energy and thus the cost incurred ty the duration and number of outages also increase. All necessary steps should be taken to shorten the period of outages. One solution is the installation of ASEA's programable Automatic Power System Restoration Equipment type RAAD. . describes a typical application . defines the criteria under which an automatic restoration equipment operates . presents RAAD's adaptability to different system requirements . gives an example to illustrate how RAAD can be applied to various network configurations pu 275 x ASEA, 6-72 63 Vistords Sweden DESCRIPTION 44 4.8 5a1 5.2 5.6 5.8 5.8.1 5.8.2 ‘Into-tie. iggaron Hy e-500,5, RER, Nov. 1974 5651 2 Edition 2 Page INTRODUCTION + WHERE 10 APPLY RAAD? 3 RESTORATION ROUTINES 6 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 7 General 8 Voltage Measurement 8 Starting 8 Synchronization mode - Voltage mode 8 Principal Operating Sequences 8 ‘Mime Settings 9 Blocking 10 Programming 10 RAAD's Relations to Remote Control Systems 13 RAAD and Auto-Reclosing Relays 3 Inhibit Switch 3 APPLICATION EXAMPLE 14 Network Example 14 Instructions for Manual Restoration 14 Functional Plan 19 Programming 19 ‘Time Settings 2 Voltage Measurement 24 Common Unit - Individual Unit 21 General Explanation of Functional Plen 24 Conditions Assumed 24 Production of Functional Plans 25 MOUNTING 27 REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS 27 EXAMPLES OF PLANS, DRAWINGS, ETC. 28=43 BL 275 x ASEA 2 Inflo-No. INFORMATION RK 858-500 E FromDate eg. Page RFR, Nov. 1974 5651 3 Edition 2 WHERE 0 APPLY RAAD? RAAD can be applied to most of the network configurations in practical use. After the network has been split up by the protective relays following a fault, efficient restoration is automatically carried out. A further application is local restoration after under-frequency load shedding. Some of the most usual situations are described below: A Ifa substation is remote controlled, the restoration of the network can be made manually from the control centre. However, due to the degree of complexity of the network, manual restoration mst be proceded by a careful analysis to find out the operating conditions prevailing prior to the outage, before deciding on the necessary steps to be taken. Such an analysis is normally very time consuming, and there are also risks of human error in both the analyzing and the restoration procedures B If the station is not remote controlled, it is normally manned, at least during day time. The staff is busy with normal routines, but must, when necessary, also take care of the manual restoration. As a rule, the demand for restoration action occurs very suddenly. When the staff is unprepared, the sudden need of clip and clear instructions is often not fulfilled. Manual restoration will therefore be a relatively slow procedure and the risks of human error taking place is very real indeed. These problems can be eliminated by installing RAAD, which works independently, wothout any need of human intervention. Upon a fault in the network, RAAD is started by the protective relays that trip the breakers. RAAD then builds up the network in the best possible way and in the shortest possible time. The function of the equipment can best be illustrated by the following examples. 'ASEA, 8-721 63 Visterds Sweden

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