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RAAD ~ AUTOMATIC POWER SYSTEM RESTORATION EQUIPMENT
APPLICATION GUIDE
INTRODUCTION ‘The importance of electrical energy in the modern society
is continously increasing. This means that the dependence of the
consumers on electrical energy and thus the cost incurred
ty the duration and number of outages also increase.
All necessary steps should be taken to shorten the period of
outages. One solution is the installation of ASEA's programable
Automatic Power System Restoration Equipment type RAAD.
. describes a typical application
. defines the criteria under which an automatic
restoration equipment operates
. presents RAAD's adaptability to different system
requirements
. gives an example to illustrate how RAAD can be applied
to various network configurations
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ASEA, 6-72 63 Vistords Sweden
DESCRIPTION44
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‘Into-tie.
iggaron Hy e-500,5,
RER, Nov. 1974 5651 2
Edition 2
Page
INTRODUCTION +
WHERE 10 APPLY RAAD? 3
RESTORATION ROUTINES 6
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 7
General 8
Voltage Measurement 8
Starting 8
Synchronization mode - Voltage mode 8
Principal Operating Sequences 8
‘Mime Settings 9
Blocking 10
Programming 10
RAAD's Relations to Remote Control Systems 13
RAAD and Auto-Reclosing Relays 3
Inhibit Switch 3
APPLICATION EXAMPLE 14
Network Example 14
Instructions for Manual Restoration 14
Functional Plan 19
Programming 19
‘Time Settings 2
Voltage Measurement 24
Common Unit - Individual Unit 21
General Explanation of Functional Plen 24
Conditions Assumed 24
Production of Functional Plans 25
MOUNTING 27
REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS 27
EXAMPLES OF PLANS, DRAWINGS, ETC. 28=43BL 275 x
ASEA
2
Inflo-No.
INFORMATION RK 858-500 E
FromDate eg. Page
RFR, Nov. 1974 5651 3
Edition 2
WHERE 0 APPLY RAAD? RAAD can be applied to most of the network configurations in
practical use. After the network has been split up by the
protective relays following a fault, efficient restoration
is automatically carried out. A further application is
local restoration after under-frequency load shedding.
Some of the most usual situations are described below:
A Ifa substation is remote controlled, the restoration
of the network can be made manually from the control
centre. However, due to the degree of complexity of the
network, manual restoration mst be proceded by a
careful analysis to find out the operating conditions
prevailing prior to the outage, before deciding on the
necessary steps to be taken. Such an analysis is normally
very time consuming, and there are also risks of human
error in both the analyzing and the restoration procedures
B If the station is not remote controlled, it is normally
manned, at least during day time. The staff is busy with
normal routines, but must, when necessary, also take
care of the manual restoration. As a rule, the demand
for restoration action occurs very suddenly. When the
staff is unprepared, the sudden need of clip and clear
instructions is often not fulfilled. Manual restoration
will therefore be a relatively slow procedure and the
risks of human error taking place is very real indeed.
These problems can be eliminated by installing RAAD, which
works independently, wothout any need of human intervention.
Upon a fault in the network, RAAD is started by the protective
relays that trip the breakers. RAAD then builds up the network
in the best possible way and in the shortest possible time.
The function of the equipment can best be illustrated by the
following examples.
'ASEA, 8-721 63 Visterds Sweden