Available online at https://www.ijasrd.

org/

International Journal of Advanced Scientific

Research & Development e-ISSN: 2395-6089
p-ISSN: 2394-8906
Vol. 06, Iss. 04, Ver. I, Apr’ 2019, pp. 23 – 28

IOT BASED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

U. Arockia Jancy Rani1, S. Priya1, M. Rajalakshmi1*, J. Vinodhini1, R. A. Maaleni1
and V. Venkata Subbu2
1 UG students, Dept., of ECE, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering and Technology, Thanjavur.
2 Assistant Professor, Dept., of ECE, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering and Technology, Thanjavur.

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Article History: The Internet of Things (IoT) can be able to incorporate a
Received: 12 Mar 2019; large number of different end systems and it have the ability
Received in revised form: to transfer data over internet without human interaction.
14 Apr 2019;
One of the main concerns with our environment has been
Accepted: 14 Apr 2019;
Published online: 10 May 2019. solid waste management which in addition to disturbing the
balance of the environment. it also has adverse effects on the
Key words: health of the people in the society. The detection, monitoring
Internet of Things, and management of wastes is one of the primary problems.
IoT, The traditional way of manually monitoring the wastes in
Smart City,
garbage bins is the complex process and also it utilizes more
Environmental Information
System,
human effort and time. This is an advanced method in waste
Waste Separation, management since it is automated. This IoT garbage
Differentiated Collection. monitoring system is a very innovative system which will
help to prevent overflowing of wastes from the bin and keep
cities clean. This system monitors the garbage bins and
informs about the level of garbage collected in garbage bins.
The data is transfer through internet to the control room.
Copyright © 2019 IJASRD. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Common Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original
work is properly cited.

INTRODUCTION
Things (embedded devices) that are connected to internet and sometimes these
devices can be controlled from the internet is commonly called as Internet of Things. In our
system, the smart dust bins are connected to the internet by using IoT module to transfer
the real time information about the smart dust bin. In the recent years, there was a rapid
growth in population which leads to more disposal of wastes. So, a proper waste
management system is necessary to avoid spreading of harmful and deadly diseases.
Managing the smart bins by monitoring the status and taking the decision right decision at
right time. The kit with PIC16F877A controller, sensor, load cell, motor and IoT module is
fixed to garbage bin.
Cite this article as: Rani, A. J. U., Priya, S., Rajalakshmi, M., Vinodhini, J., Maaleni, R. A., & Subbu, V. V., “IoT Based Solid
Waste Management”. International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research & Development (IJASRD), 06 (04/I), 2019, pp. 23
– 28. https://doi.org/10.26836/ijasrd/2019/v6/i4/60405.
* Corresponding Author: M. Rajalakshmi, rajianbu1106@gmail.com
 IoT Based Solid Waste Management

IR sensor and load cell are used to detect the level of the dust and the weight of the
waste in dustbin and sends the signal to the controller. The controller sends the signal to
the IoT module through UART cable. With the help of IoT module the data is transmitted to
the control room via internet. The corporation will take the decision based on the received
data.

BLOCK DIAGRAM
2.1 Basket Unit

2.2 IoT Section (PC)

WORKING PRINCIPLE
The IoT based solid waste management is mainly designed to monitor the garbage
bin. The kit that contains microcontroller module and IoT module is fixed to the side wall of
the garbage bin. The IR sensor is placed at the top of the garbage bin to detect the level of
Volume 06, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2019 24
Rani et al., (2019)

garbage. The load cell is placed at the bottom of the bin to measure the weight of the
wastes. Assume that a person is throwing waste into the bin. If the waste does not intrude
the infra-red light from IR sensor, then it shows that garbage bin is not full. If it intrudes
the beam of light, then it will send that the garbage bin is full when we refresh the control
page. At the same time, the load cell measures the weight of the waste and detect whether
it reached its threshold level or not. If the weight of garbage attained the threshold value, it
will send the message as ―garbage over load. If it does not cross the threshold value, then
we can turn ON the crushing motor from the control room by clicking the ON button in
control page. Even if the motor crushed the wastes but it does not lower its height and
intrude the infra-red beam, it denotes that the bin is filled with light weight waste like
papers, plastics etc., The LCD in the bin also show the status of the bin. The buzzer will
turn on if the bin is overloaded. With the help of this real time information from each bin,
the corporation can take the right decision at right time. This helps to prevent the bin from
overflow and from related problems due to overflowed waste like diseases and unpleasant
smell.

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
This is the overall setup of our project. The pic controller is assembled in a PCB. The
sensors are connected as an input device to the PIC controller. The IoT module is provided
with a sim slot, in this we can insert sim to enable the transmission of data. The relay is
used to turn on the motor, when the IoT module received “ON” command from control web
page. The sensors detect the values and transmit to the controller. From the controller, the
data is transmitting to IoT module through UART cable. Then it is transmitted to server.

We have created a link to upload the data to the server. There are two links, one is
for upload the data and another one is for control the operation of motor. The LCD is used
to display the status of the bin. The buzzer also connected to alarm in critical situation.
This is the very efficient method. The IoT is used to use the bins efficiently. The
GSM is used to provide internet connection to transmit data and to receive data.
25 Volume 06, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2019
 IoT Based Solid Waste Management

4.1 Webpage with Data

4.2 Webpage to Control Motor

4.3 Advantage
• Real time information about the fill level of the dust bin
• Positioning of dustbins based on the actual needs
• Cost reduction and resource optimization
• Real time information about the weight of the garbage in the bin
• Improves environmental quality
• Intelligent management of the services in the city
• Effective usage of garbage bins

4.4 Application
• It is used to create a smart city
• It is very useful for corporation to monitor the bins
• It helps to take right decision at right time by corporation
Volume 06, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2019 26
Rani et al., (2019)

FUTURE SCOPE
• We are planned to facilitate the separation of degradable and non-degradable waste
by using some sensors in additional
• We are planned to monitor the maintenance of bin in regular period of interval
• We are planned to implement a scanner to detect any costliest metals like gold,
silver or platinum is kept into the bin by mistaken
• We are planned to improve the speed of transmission of data from rural areas too

CONCLUSION
We have designed this kit to convert the normal dust bins to smart dust bin. It is
implemented with real time systems to monitor the fill level and weight of the smart
dustbins whether it is full or not. In this system the information of all smart dustbins can
be accessed from anywhere and at any time by the authorized person he/she can take a
decision accordingly.
By implementing this proposed system, the cost reduction, resource optimization,
effective usage of smart dust bins can be done. This system indirectly reducing traffic in the
city.
In major cities, the garbage collection vehicle has to visit the area everyday twice or
thrice depends on the population of the particular area and sometimes these dustbins may
not be full.
Our system will inform the status of each and every dustbin in real time so that the
concern authority can send the garbage collection vehicle only when the dustbin is full.

REFERENCES
[1] M. A. Hannan, M. Abdulla Al Mamun, A. Hussain, H. Basri, and R. A. Begum, "A review
on technologies and their usage in solid waste monitoring and management systems:
Issues and challenges," Waste Manage., vol. 43, pp. 509-523, Sep 2015.
[2] L. Dahlén, S. Vukicevic, J. Meijer, and A. Lagerkvist, "Comparison of different collection
systems for sorted household waste in Sweden," Waste Manage., vol. 27, pp. 1298-
1305, 2007.
[3] A. Gallardo, M. D. Bovea, F. J. Colomer, M. Prades, and M. Carlos, "Comparison of
different collection systems for sorted household waste in Spain," Waste Manage.,
vol. 30, pp. 2430-2439, 2010.
[4] J.-W. Lu, S. Zhang, J. Hai, and M. Lei, "Status and perspectives of municipal solid waste
incineration in China: A comparison with developed regions," Waste Manage., vol. 69,
pp. 170-186, 2017/11/01/ 2017.
[5] Mallika, C., Hema, A., Visalatchy, S., & Ilakkiya, N., (2017) “Smart Sensing Technology
Using Environmental Analyzing Based on IoT”. International Journal of Advanced
Scientific Research & Development (IJASRD), 4 (11/2), pp. 79 – 87.
[6] Y. Zhuang, S. W. Wu, Y. L. Wang, W. X. Wu, and Y. X. Chen, "Source separation of
household waste: A case study in China," Waste Manage., vol. 28, pp. 2022-2030,
2008.
27 Volume 06, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2019
 IoT Based Solid Waste Management

[7] J.-W. Lu, N. B. Chang, L. Liao, and M. Y. Liao, "Smart and Green Urban Solid Waste
Collection Systems: Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives," IEEE Syst. J. , vol. 11,
pp. 2804-2817, 2017.
[8] O. L. Patrícia and M. J. B. Marques, "Reliability of a line-of-view sensor for recycling
point waste containers", presented at the World Congress 2009: Turning Waste into
Ideas, 2009.
[9] J. M. Gutierrez, M. Jensen, M. Henius, and T. Riaz, "Smart Waste Collection System
Based on Location Intelligence," Procedia Computer Science, vol. 61, pp. 120-127,
2015.

Volume 06, Issue 04, Version I, Apr’ 2019 28