Term Paper

Group member: Saqib (01-131162-026),

Umer (01-131162-032),

Haroon (01-131162-052)

Submitted To: Ma’am Maniha Ali

Subject: Pakistan Studies

Submission Date: 14-5-2019

Bahria University Islamabad

 Biggest social problems in Pakistan
A question with a very long answer! You can't even imagine the social
problems which exist over here.
1- Corruption. Almost every government official is corrupt. You can't find
a right person who is not involved in corruption.
2- Bribery it's the main reason why other problems arises. Because of
reference and bribery many people are not brought forward on Merit.
3- Delay in Justice. We get Justice but at the time when the person is fed
up of all the process. It's because our judiciary system is weak.
4- We have strong laws but no IMPLEMENTATION.
5- Parents here still somehow force their children to opt for medical or
engineering. They belief that it's better just to do these acts for higher
earning.
6- Overpopulation. We still have no way to control population. If steps
are taken to control popular so our Islamic Molvi’s are these to criticize
this.
7- To some extent we are extremist. We have less patience to face some
criticism and react very quickly to it. We don't accept our mistake and
argue over it.
8- Poverty. The gap between rich and poor is increasing. The rich is
getting richer and the poor is getting poorer. That's alarming problem.
9- Our people are less educated. Girls are still in some area not allowed
to go to school or College. Many of them are not allowed to work
everywhere.
10- We Choose a bad leader and that leads to bad governance. Later on,
we abuse the same leader and criticize him. That's the main problem.
We have many other social problems which is not allowing Pakistan to
move forward. Inshallah we will improve and will develop.

Pakistan has a diverged society, shared into various political, communal,

castes, creeds, languages, sects, statuses, traditional and cultural
assemblages. This diversity is endorsing the provincialism as well as
racialism in Pakistan while it was the perspective of Quai-i-Azam
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, as he advised the nation to circumvent both the
evils. Pakistan is an Islamic ideological state and is responsible for the
sanctuary of her ideology appropriately. Unfortunately, corrupt and
dismissive political culture proves to be the root cause in derailing the
practice of democracy in Pakistan, which is believed to be the chief
reason for the decline in democratic values that actually offends its
ideology. On the other hand, religious-based political clusters strive to
win the votes in the name of Islam but fail to serve the society. All 5 big
religious political parties are the power seekers and most of them are
allies in every regime. However, with their collective efforts, they fail to
lead the nation to resolve issues.

Regrettably, since the independence political and religious leadership

misrepresented the nation. At the time of partition, when people were
suffering from partition crisis and bloodshed, the leadership of all
indulged communities was celebrating the partition and the birth of a
new Country. This careless attitude swelled the miseries of more than 7
million refugees’ rehabilitation, settlement and permanent settlement.
Steadily political forces, democratic and military regimes consequently
demoralized the people failing to improve the socio-political and
economic structure of the motherland. Pakistan started its journey with
a single party the ‘All Pakistan Muslim League’ but gradually particular
religious strata, feudal and landlord classes manipulated the politics and
the economy mostly for the personal gains. Though they were
responsible for the reformation and the leadership of the society, it was
later proved to be the disastrous and exploitative political leadership.
Because proper accountability is not apt to only 2% hegemonic political
and elite strata of Pakistan. Institutions of accountability have been
expelled in KPK and Sind and overall high jacked in Federation.

The system failed to undertake its responsibilities appropriately. The

failure was later altered as a divergence to the blame game giving the
fan to the sectarianism, zero tolerance in society and hate literature.
Unfortunately, hate literature correspondingly adopted as a compulsory
part of elementary schools’ syllabus that resulted in differences and
complications between 97% majority and 3% minorities for generations
because of its infusion at an early age. Many teachers, particularly in
public sector institutes, are biased taking education as a profession but
not as service. Unfortunately, more than 30 political supported and
independent student federations are playing their role in the
exploitation of the system and working under the political influence of
certain socio-political motives. In General Zia’s regime, this sensation
became so organized and strong that it started dictating the very sense
of doctrines in masses, which deteriorated the integration, solidarity and
damaging for the country.

During 1989-2017 total 3,062 incidents of sectarian violence have taken

place, during which 5,681 persons were killed and more than 11,181
have been wounded. Poor law and order situation is suitable for the
promotion of terrorism. More than 70,000 individuals have victimized in
Pakistan. Moreover, since 1979, FATA remained infamous as a nursery
of terrorism. Pakistan being the alley of US in War against terrorism paid
a huge cost in sense of financial and the damage of human lives which
however nurtured terrorism and anti-America sentiments among the
affected masses as the prolonged war is witnessed by the generation
born during the war that had nothing to do with the terrorism. Total
62,500 individuals died in terrorist attacks since 2003, resulting in brain
drainage, lack of foreign investments, a weak economy and political
instability in Pakistan.
Cramping spaces.
Overpopulation is another prime concern on the way of development as
it emerged in the preliminary Census Report of 2017, ranking Pakistan
the world’s 6th most populous country with more than 200 million
inhabitants while in 1955 it was ranked 14th? Pakistan has 2.7% of
world’s total population, having 60% rural and 40% urban inhabitants.
Fewer job opportunities, lack of facilities, fewer resources and weak
infrastructure augment the crisis of the rural population. This ongoing
manipulative phenomenon is a big push for the rural population to shift
towards urban areas. The urban growth rate has reached 3.5%, which is
one of the highest in South Asia that turns out to be a huge
administrative and socio-economic crisis in urban and rural areas. This
massive flow gave birth to the launch of illegitimate housing societies on
the fertile agricultural lands resulting in inappropriate expansion of
cities. High prices and less production of cash crops and the less
availability of agricultural raw material for the local industry are other
associated issues. The agriculture sector is also suffering despite its 20%
contribution to GDP and providing 40% production employment
opportunities overall and 60% of the rural population.

On the other hand, women are about 50% of the total population of
Pakistan but have certain dilemmas. Approximately 80% women are
somehow facing domestic violence or sort of abuse in Pakistan. More
than 5500 women have been killed annually because of domestic
violence and 500 to 700 in honor killing reportedly. Women have fewer
opportunities for education, games; women have only 3% seats in
Pakistan’s parliament. The reserve seats for women in public sector
organizations have no comparison according to their share in the
population. Women literacy rate is only 46% in Pakistan while in rural
areas ratio shrinks to 35%. However, because of media and press, there
is a gradual improvement, First Women Bank, women police station,
separate educational institutes of technical education are working but a
specific rigidity and inflexibility, particularly in remote interior and tribal
areas, is still a hindrance to the progress of women in the Country.
Concerning general welfare, Government, semi-Government institutes
and NGOs are not delivering appropriately for the welfare of the people
in Pakistan. Security, accommodation, medication, higher education,
social security is not in the range of the middle, lower middle classes.
Medicines, Proper hygienic food and purified water are not acceptably
available to common people. Distances and differences are widening day
by day. On average, every Pakistani shares a state loan of PRs. 101,338.
More than 40% of Pakistan’s population is living below poverty line in
miserable condition. Weak democratic norms, sectarianism, terrorism,
delaying justice, weak laws, bribery, corrupt Government officials,
backward education, overpopulation, poverty, a weak economy,
extremism, fewer exports, brain drainage, biased and unprincipled
attitude as well as free press and media are variant contemporary
drawbacks of Pakistani society.

Overpopulation, bad governance, weak policies of Government,

corruption and political instability are strong reasons for unemployment
that consequently produces street crimes, suicides, law and order
situation, human organs smuggling, terrorism, kidnapping, child
trafficking, etc. During Nawaz regime, the unemployment ratio with 6%
is the highest in last thirteen years (The Daily News). Because of heavy
taxation, weak economic policies, terrorism and heavy industry are
going to close or shifting to India, Bangladesh and Arabian states.
Whereas the Industrial sector is contributing 21% of GDP. The imports
are going to increase than the exports which are triggering the issue in
the balance of payment and annual growing deficit in the budget.

Poverty also producing a social crisis in native society, the gap between
rich and poor is widening within Pakistan. Lack of proper leadership and
the imperialistic policies of external forces cumulatively supplementing
the hate among common masses through a press, electronic media,
social media and literature. The decisions and policies of regional and
provincial labelled political parties are igniting hatred among the people
in the name of religion as well as provinces. Religious leaders are not
playing their role appropriately to decorate the society with harmony,
peace and equality. Increasingly, the social decline goes in favour of
corrupt political and religious parties to establish their political
dominance.

Corrupt politicians, bureaucracy, administration and accountability

institutes could not confiscate the corruption because this system is
suitable for them. In corruption, Pakistan was in 116th position out of
176 countries in 2016. The increasing nepotism and corruption are
abruptly harmful for the development of Pakistan. President Parvez
Musharaf formed the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) in 2002 to
eliminate corrupt practices but politicians politicized this institution for
their own purposes. Now Supreme Court labelled this institution the
‘died institution’. Accountability courts and particularly lower courts are
under the influence of hegemony and politicians. Delaying justice, flaws
in the judicial system, unlawful tactics are the common practices.
Political governments failed to provide free justice on the doorsteps. The
terms ‘police gardi’ and ‘wukla gardi’ are commonly practised and
indicating the ‘uncontrollable society’ of Pakistan. The police
department which is responsible to maintain law and order is the most
corrupt institution of the Country.
As a nation, we are somehow responsible for the increase in the
miseries and issues of our beloved Country, Pakistan. Changes in the
mindsets, modern education, strong integration, national unity and
suitable economic policies are the needs of the time. Now Pakistan is on
a sensitive edge and any dismissive approach can damage its strength
and solidarity. Political and religious parties should play a vital role to
sustain the situation and contain the problems of Pakistan. The country
is in jeopardy not only by external forces but internals too. Development
in the education sector is now mandatory to uplift the society and to
eliminate the issues of radicalism and division. Only an educated nation
can survive and combat with its issues because every dawn comes after
darkness. In this regard, the vision advised and saying of Quaid-i-Azam
Muhammad Ali Jinnah should be a solution of the agonies of Pakistan.
No doubt, the Pakistan army has broken down the power and
annihilated the sanctuaries of the militants in the tribal and Northern
areas during the Zarb-e-Azb and Radul-Fisad operations. But, the
militants have not yet been fully defeated. They are still attacking across
the country at will.
Just one day after the country observed the third anniversary of the
Army Public School attack in Peshawar, terrorists attacked at the Bethel
Memorial Methodist Church in Quetta, killing around nine people and
injuring 40 others, including women and children. The attack took place
during Sunday services. According to news reports, “two suicide
bombers had tried to enter the church but law-enforcement officials
posted outside were able to kill the attackers. However, one of them
managed to detonate his suicide vest.
“Saving a dreadful attack from happening when some 400 Christians
were offering their Sunday prayers at the Church, security officials
neutralized the attackers at the entrance”, said IG Balochistan Moazzam
Jah. Had the bomber managed to get inside, massive casualties would
have resulted. Army Chief General Qamar Bajwa praised the effective
and prompt response undertaken by the security forces. “Quetta church
attack targeting our brotherly Christian Pakistanis is an attempt to cloud
Christmas celebrations / create religious cleavages. Effective response
by LEAs is commendable. We stay united and steadfast to respond
against such heinous attempts”.
No doubt, the quick response from the security forces have saved
Quetta from an APS-like tragedy. But, it is also a fact that terrorists are
attacking Quetta repeatedly. The DIG Hamid Shakeel Sabir was killed in a
suicide attack in November, while a car bomb killed eight policemen in
October. Before that, around 72 lawyers lost their lives in a terror attack
in Quetta. All these attacks call for drastic action against terrorists.
Everybody knows that the minority communities and their places of
worship are a primary target for militant groups. Last year, terrorists
attacked Gulshan-e-Iqbal Park in Lahore and killed many Christians when
they were celebrating Easter. Then, just a few days ahead of Christmas
Day, the Christian community has been targeted yet again in Quetta.
The government and the security agencies should also learn lessons
from their failure. They should launch an inquiry into the Quetta Church
attack to determine if there were any intelligence or security lapses.
Justice Qazi Faez Isa has already written a comprehensive report laying
bare the failures of our counterterrorism strategies. The government
should also pay heed to this report and work on its suggestions.
The government has not implemented the National Action Plan fully. It
should implement the NAP fully without any further delay. Through
military operations alone, we cannot win the war against terror. Pakistan
needs to defeat the extremist mindset that has flourished in the country
due to poverty, a class-based education system, injustice, social and
economic inequality. The media, electronic and print, should unmask all
the corrupt, unpatriotic and anti-state leaders, who are working on the
agenda of external powers. All the corrupt and unpatriotic leaders
should be arrested and punished. Only strong and independent
institutions can save Pakistan. There is no other way!