TO STUDY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOAMED CONCRETE AS WAVE BREAKER

AHMAD ASYRAF BIN ABDUL RAHMAN

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment

Of the requirement for the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering with Honours
(Civil Engineering)

Faculty of Engineering
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
2018
To My Beloved Family and Friends
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirahmanirahim

In the name of Allah the most Gracious and the most Merciful

Millions of appreciation and thanks to my supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Safawi bin
Mohammad Zain for words of encouragement, guidance, professional comments and support in doing
my final year project.

I would also like to extend my gratitude to my beloved family for their continuous support
and encouragement given to me throughout the completion of this thesis.

Last but not least, I would like to acknowledge Calvin ak Cliff, Mohd. Hisyam bin Mahmud,
Muhd. Hafiz bin Saphain @ Sapian and Syazani Aifa bin Mohd. Ismail for being a great team players
throughout my research. Special thanks to my friends, lecturers and all people who have been
contributed either directly or indirectly towards the completion of this thesis.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT

ABSTRAK

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 General

1.2 Problem Statement

1.3 Objectives of Study

1.4 Scope of Study

1.5 Thesis Structure

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 General

2.2 Advantages of Foamed Concrete

2.3 Compressive Strength

2.4 Thermal Conductivity

2.5 Foam

2.6 Ordinary Portland Cement

2.6.1 Chemical Composition of Portland Cement

2.6.2 Compound Composition of Portland Cement

 2.7 Wave breaker

2.7.1 Wave breaker design

2.8 Summary

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.1 General

3.2 Materials

3.2.1 Ordinary Portland Cement

3.2.2 Fine Aggregate

3.2.3 Water

3.2.4 Foaming Agent

3.3 Mixing Procedure

3.4 Curing

3.5 Formwork

3.6 Fresh Concrete Testing Method

3.6.1 Fresh Density Test (ASTM C796, 2004)

3.6.2 Inverted Slump Test (ASTM C995, 2001)

3.7 Hardened Concrete Testing

3.7.1 Compression Test (BS EN 12390-3, 2002)

 3.8 Consistency and Stability

3.9 Performance Index

3.10 Design

3.11 Summary

REFERENCES
 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 General Composition Limits of Portland Cement (Neville, 2010)

Table 2.2 Main Compounds of Portland Cement (Neville, 2010)

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1: Foam Generator

Figure 3.2: Concrete Mixer

Figure 3.3: Semi-automatic Balance

Figure 3.4: Curing.

Figure 3.5: Formwork

Figure 3.6: Inverted Slump Test

Figure 3.7: Dimension of the foamed concrete

Figure 3.8: Side view of the wave breaker structure.

Figure 3.9: Plan view of the wave breaker structure.