Calculation and Diagrams Software For Low Voltage Electrical Installations

Calculation and Diagrams software
for Low Voltage Electrical installations
A.L.P.I.
Camino Cerro de los Gamos

28224 Pozuelo de Alarcón ( Madrid)
España
Phone 00 34 918975081
e-mail alp@ysi.es
Web site http://www.caneco.es
edition 27/07/2009
Training Manual for CANECO BT 5.3 3
Contents
GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 7
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE .................................................................................................................... 7
DESIGN CALCULATION METHODS FOR LV ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS ................................................................. 10
Method 1: from Downstream to Upstream .............................................................................................. 10
Method 2: from Upstream to Downstream .............................................................................................. 10
Method 2: from Upstream to Downstream .............................................................................................. 11
PARTICULAR FUNCTIONALITIES OF CANECO BT .................................................................................................. 11
PARTICULAR FUNCTIONALITIES OF CANECO BT .................................................................................................. 12
An "Expert Design Engine" ..................................................................................................................... 12
Three Tools for Entering Circuits ............................................................................................................ 12
Automatic Design of Power Circuits ....................................................................................................... 13
Generation of a Customisable Technical Folder..................................................................................... 13
OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION INTERFACE........................................................................................................ 14
DATA ENTRY TOOLS .......................................................................................................................................... 17
Network Single-Line Diagram ................................................................................................................. 18
Board Single-line Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 19
Spreadsheet ............................................................................................................................................ 20
CREATING A SOURCE ......................................................................................................................................... 21
The Source Window ................................................................................................................................ 21
The Different Types of Source ................................................................................................................ 21
Setting the Source .................................................................................................................................. 22
Source Section ........................................................................................................................................ 22
Network Section ...................................................................................................................................... 23
Link Section............................................................................................................................................. 24
Board Source by lk .................................................................................................................................. 25
Description .............................................................................................................................................. 25
Calculation of an LV Source by Ik ........................................................................................................... 26
Board Source by R and X ....................................................................................................................... 27
This source allows an installation to be extended .................................................................................. 27
ENTRY AND SETTING OF CIRCUITS ......................................................................................... 29

DEFINITION OF STYLES IN CANECO BT ............................................................................................................... 29
Concept of style ...................................................................................................................................... 29
Examples of styles .................................................................................................................................. 29
Circuit marking ........................................................................................................................................ 31
METHODS OF ENTERING A CIRCUIT ..................................................................................................................... 32
Creation of a new Circuit......................................................................................................................... 32
Multiple entry of circuits .......................................................................................................................... 33
Moving Circuits........................................................................................................................................ 34
Duplicating Circuits ................................................................................................................................. 35
Additional styles ...................................................................................................................................... 36
Particular Case of Busbar ....................................................................................................................... 36
LV/LV Transformer .................................................................................................................................. 39
Capacitor ................................................................................................................................................. 41
Busbar trunking system .......................................................................................................................... 42
SETTING A CIRCUIT ............................................................................................................................................ 44
The Circuit Sheet .................................................................................................................................... 44
Details of the different tabs in the circuit sheet ....................................................................................... 44
Details of information available in the "Downstream" tab ...................................................................... 45
Details on configuration of Coincidence and Use factors ....................................................................... 45
CIRCUIT CALCULATION .............................................................................................................. 47

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS ON STANDARD CIRCUITS ......................................................................... 47
CALCULATION RULES FOR THE PROTECTION AND CROSS-SECTION OF A CABLE ................................................... 48
Protection provided by a circuit-breaker ................................................................................................. 48
INTERPRETING THE RESULTS ................................................................................................... 55

CALCULATION CRITERIA .................................................................................................................................... 55
METHODS OF DETERMINING PROTECTIONS IN CANECO BT .................................................................................. 56
PROTECTION ADJUSTMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 57
PROTECTION ADJUSTMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 58
Modular Circuit-Breaker .......................................................................................................................... 58
General purpose circuit-breaker ............................................................................................................. 59
RESULTS WINDOW ............................................................................................................................................. 60
CALCULATION OPTIONS ..................................................................................................................................... 61
Details on calculation options - "Calculation" tab.................................................................................... 61
Details on calculation options - "Protection" tab ..................................................................................... 62
Details on calculation options - "Cable" tab ............................................................................................ 63
DISCRIMINATION - COORDINATION ........................................................................................... 65

DISCRIMINATION - COORDINATION ...................................................................................................................... 65
Discrimination.......................................................................................................................................... 65
Coordination ............................................................................................................................................ 68
STANDBY SUPPLY ....................................................................................................................... 69

STANDBY SUPPLY.............................................................................................................................................. 69
Rules: ...................................................................................................................................................... 69
Description of a Standby Supply ............................................................................................................. 69
SCHEMATIC ................................................................................................................................... 73
STYLES BLOCKS ......................................................................................................................... 73

CREATING A CIRCUIT STYLE IN CANECO BT ....................................................................................................... 73
 Description ..................................................................................................................................... 73
 Configuration of the "Init" column ................................................................................................... 74
 Details on the type of equipment in a style .................................................................................... 74
CREATING CIRCUIT BLOCKS IN CANECO BT ....................................................................................................... 75
INSERTING A DIAGRAM IN THE BOARD SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM .............................................................................. 77
INSERTING TEXT IN THE BOARD SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM....................................................................................... 78
MODIFYING THE DIAGRAM USING THE SYMBOL TABLE .......................................................................................... 79
CREATING NON-CALCULATED CIRCUITS (ASSOCIATED CIRCUITS) ........................................................................ 80
Defining associated circuits .................................................................................................................... 80
Entering associated circuits .................................................................................................................... 80
MANAGEMENT OF LABELS (NETWORK SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM) ............................................................................ 81
Creating labels ........................................................................................................................................ 81
PRINTING ....................................................................................................................................... 83
PRINT CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................................................................... 83
Composition of a Caneco BT print folder ................................................................................................ 83
Entering data for your project.................................................................................................................. 84
Inserting the LOGO ................................................................................................................................. 85
Creating a print folder ............................................................................................................................. 85
Creating a new Document model ........................................................................................................... 86
STANDARD CANECO BT DOCUMENT MODELS ................................................................................................... 88
 « Flyleaf » ...................................................................................................................................... 88
 « List of folios » .............................................................................................................................. 88
 Supply calculation sheet: ............................................................................................................... 89
 « Network single-line diagram » ..................................................................................................... 89
 Circuit calculation sheet ................................................................................................................. 90
 « Cables list » ................................................................................................................................. 90
 Protection settings: ......................................................................................................................... 91
 Consumer list: ................................................................................................................................ 91
 Cable nomenclature: ...................................................................................................................... 92
 Protection nomenclature: « Nomenclature prot. » ......................................................................... 92
 Site single-line diagram 8 circuits per folio: .................................................................................... 93
 Operator single-line diagram 8 circuits per folio: ............................................................................ 93
 Panel builder single-line diagram 8 circuits per folio ...................................................................... 94
 Industrial single-line diagram 8 circuits per folio ............................................................................ 94
PRACTICAL WORKSHOPS .......................................................................................................... 95

WORKSHOP 1: FAMILIARISATION WITH DATA ENTRY TOOLS .............................................................................. 96
WORKSHOP 2 – ADVANCED DATA ENTRY ....................................................................................................... 97
WORKSHOP 3 – CIRCUIT ANALYSIS................................................................................................................. 99
WORKSHOP 4 – CIRCUIT ANALYSIS............................................................................................................... 100
WORKSHOP 5 – CONNECTING A STANDBY SUPPLY ........................................................................................ 101
WORKSHOP 6 - PRINT MANAGEMENT ...................................................................... ERREUR ! SIGNET NON DEFINI.
APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................... 103

FACTS ABOUT CABLES..................................................................................................................................... 103
THE SYMMETRY FACTOR (FS) .......................................................................................................................... 104
ADDITIONAL EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING : AEB .................................................................................................. 105
GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................................................................... 108
GENERAL
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
Caneco BT has got certificates of compliance from various software certification organisations which confirm
that its calculations comply with electrical standard rules:
France UTE: (Union Technique de l’Electricité), certificate of compliance with NFC 15-100.
UK : certificatre of compliance with the British Standard: BS7671 from IEE member
Belgium : certificatre of compliance with the RGIE
Notes
Notes
Notes
DESIGN CALCULATION METHODS FOR LV ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
METHOD 1: FROM DOWNSTREAM TO UPSTREAM
This involves sizing the distribution circuits i.e. defining their design currents according to the equipment
supplied.
This Downstream (equipment supplied) to Upstream (distributions and Source) approach is called Power
requirement
It cannot be carried out until the equipment has been defined.
Source power is calculated based on currents in

the ending circuits or MSB outlets
Upstream
Current in the circuit MSB

supplying TD1 is the
sum of outlet current.
TD1
Downstream
Outlet 1 Outlet 2
Notes
METHOD 2: FROM UPSTREAM TO DOWNSTREAM
When the design currents in the distribution circuits have been defined, we have to define the protections
and busbar trunking systems from the source to the final circuits.
Sizing is performed by calculating among other parameters the accumulated voltage drops from the
beginning of the installation, together with the short-circuit currents, which require knowledge of the
impedances upstream of the circuit being designed.
The method becomes Upstream (Source, then distribution circuits) to Downstream (terminal equipment).
Upstream
MSB
TD1
Downstream
Notes
PARTICULAR FUNCTIONALITIES OF CANECO BT

AN "EXPERT DESIGN ENGINE"
Which allows to determine: Taking account of:
 PROTECTIONS  All standard conditions
 CABLES  Coordination and the limitation effect
 BUSBAR TRUNKING => saving opportunities on equipment
SYSTEMS
 All installation requirements (normal and
 CABLE TRAYS
backup sources, inverters)
THREE TOOLS FOR ENTERING CIRCUITS
Board Single-Line diagram tool for

adding the diagrams of non-calculated
circuits
Network Single-Line
Two display modes:
diagram tool for entering the
- Condensed
Spreadsheet tool for entering circuit

data
Notes
AUTOMATIC DESIGN OF POWER CIRCUITS

• All the circuits are designed automatically
• The automatic diagrams can be enhanced with:
⇒ auxiliary electrical diagrams
⇒ other non-calculated circuits
• Consistency between Diagrams and Calculations: any change in the calculation is automatically
included in the diagrams, and vice versa.
GENERATION OF A CUSTOMISABLE TECHNICAL FOLDER

• Ability to create and install Caneco BT document templates in a folder
• Import of sheets created in AutoCad, Word, etc.
• Export under DXF, Excel, etc. format
• Folder printing
Notes
OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION INTERFACE
 The interface is similar to that of most programs running under Windows environment
 The menu bar located at the top of the screen. The menu commands enable you to directly trigger an
action or to display a sub-menu or dialog box
 The tool bar under this menu bar allows direct access to a command in one of the menus.
Board Single-line
Spreadsheet Diagram Network Single-Line
diagram
Designations of
Length of circuits circuits
Consumption of
Button for creating/modifying circuits
circuits
Main screen:
Example with Network
Single-Line diagram
Project tree structure

(previous network graph
with added project-specific
information)
Calculation
results
Calculation report containing

warnings
Notes
"List of Folders" project tree structure
Allows access to all information relating to your project:

- symbol library
- the manufacturer files that you use
- project-specific documents:
image files (wmf or dxf) or text files (rtf) used in the project for printing
documents or folders
- Modification indexes
- project tree structure
Calculation report
After circuit calculations, useful

information on the calculations is
displayed in this window in order to
assist the analysis of the results.
Certain comments are followed by a

Fig 1. code in brackets (C106 in the image on
the right) to prompt the user
to consult the list of warnings for
additional information.
This list is available in Help in the

section entitled "Warnings and
remarks"
Fig 2.
Right-click a line to display a pop-up
menu (Fig. 2):
"Reach circuit" takes you to the

circuit
"Help on remark" displays a balloon

help containing information concerning
the remark (Fig.)
Fig 3.
Notes
Calculation results
This window summarises all the fundamental calculation results :
Calculated cross-sections
Calculation criterion
Withstand current
Design current
Short-circuit currents
Circuit and overall voltage drop
Discrimination
Coordination
An appropriate reading of this window allows an effective analysis

of the results.
Windows:
"Network graphic"
"Calculation Report"
"Calculation results"
are activated from the "Display" option in the

Main Menu
Notes
DATA ENTRY TOOLS

When a project is open (after being created or opened) a window showing its circuits appears under
the tool bar.
Their representation depends on the entry tool which is active. This can be:
Data entry tool Spreadsheet
Data entry tool Board Single-Line Diagram
Data entry tool Network Single-Line Diagram
Icons and menus remain identical in the three tools. In addition, for the spreadsheet and the Board
Single-Line Diagram, three data entry areas facilitate circuit entry:
Upstream/dow
Spread
Board single-line Network single-line nstream
sheet
distribution
Creation button /
circuit changes circuit styles Consumption length designation
All three tools offer several options for entering and moving circuits:
• Inserting circuits and circuit blocks (in the board single-line diagram)
• copy/pasting one or more circuits
• moving circuits
• multiple entry of circuits
• Use of circuit styles (see section entitled "Circuit Styles")
Notes
NETWORK SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM
The Network Single-Line diagram allows the user to edit and view the schematic representation of the
complete project or of its main circuits.
Redraw
Rebuild
(refresh)
(refresh)
Distribution
choice Wiring system:
cable or CEP HV/LV transformer:
MSB
Busbars
Notes
BOARD SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM
The advantage of the board

single-line diagram is that it
gives a schematic
representation of the
present distribution. This
allows in particular checking
the correct connection of
circuits when they come from
bus bars.
This tool also enables the user

to create associated circuits
representing the control
section of a power outlet (non-
calculated circuits).
All the circuits to the right of the dotted line in the window are supplied by the
greyed-out distribution in the network graphic. (T_001 in this case), shown by
the feeder to the left of the dotted line
The board single-line diagram can show

diagrams in two ways:
 Condensed representation
 Representation as printed
The choice is made in the "Board single-line

diagram" tab of the "Preferences" window.
Condensed representation Representation as printed
Allows to view:
 Ground bar
 Symbol attributes
 Terminals of equipment
supplied
 Terminal numbers
Notes
SPREADSHEET
The advantage of the spreadsheet is that it gives a representation of data for the present distribution. This
tool allows very fast data entry.
Data entry on the spreadsheet automatically generates a schematic in the board and Network Single-Line
diagrams outlined below.
This board (T_001) feeds all the circuits in the window
- Each line represents a circuit

- All the circuits in the window are supplied by the greyed-out
distribution in the network graphic. (T_001 in this case) - See
image on right
To change the ref mark of a

distribution, right-click on the
network graph and select "Rename
distribution"
Notes
CREATING A SOURCE
THE SOURCE WINDOW
 Any creation of a project in Caneco BT starts with the automatic opening of a dialog window entitled
"Normal Source".
 This window defines the general characteristics of the network, the source and the Source-MSB wiring
system.
 Certain default values are proposed: these must be checked and corrected as required. The mandatory
information to be entered is the power of the source.
Characteristics of the
Source
Network
Wiring system
THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF

SOURCE
Transformer Generating set Board by R and X Board by lk Yellow rate
1 to 6 transformers
1 to 6 Generating Sets
(identical in parallel)
(identical in parallel)
Example of functional configurations (source with 2 transformers)

Notes
Calculation of iks (short-circuit currents)
Ik Min: Calculated with the smallest number of

1 Mini 2 Min
transformers in order to adjust the protection.
2 Maxi 2 Max
Ik Max: Calculated with the maximum number of
transformers, determination of Icu values for
downstream protections and verification of the thermal
stress for the MSB-source wiring system.
SETTING THE SOURCE
SOURCE SECTION
Short-circuit voltage
expressed in %
Nominal source power
Characteristics of transformers:
Number of sources: Type of Source: • Files: if standard transformer
Min: trip on Ikmin • Transformer • Ukr: if non-standard
Dielectric type
• Generator transformer
• LV with Ik
Details on dielectric type
SEC95.ZTR : dry transformers, Ukr = 6%
:
UTE95.ZTR oil- transformers 50--630 Ukr = 4%
95.ZTR oil 800--500 Ukr = 6%
Notes
NETWORK SECTION
Standard Selection of Standard used for the project

C1510002 : Dec. 2002
HD 384 : European (Harmonised Document)
IEC 364 : international
CEI 64-8 : Italian
UNE : Spanish
VDE : German
BS7671-92 : British Standard
RGIE : Belgian
Choice of Source Neutral Point Connection (TNC by default)

Neutral point connection TT : 1st letter: neutral to earth
2nd letter: chassis to earth
Most commonly-used system in low voltage public distribution
TN : 1st letter: neutral to earth
2nd letter: chassis to neutral
IT : 1st letter: neutral isolated or impedant
2nd letter: chassis to earth
Polarity 3P + N + PE : 3-phase installation (TNS by default)

P + N + PE : single-phase installation
P+N : single-phase installation
3P + PEN : 3-phase installation (TNC by default)
T HV Prot Func HV protection operating time:

Specify a value different from the maximum value if your source is a HV
Sk HV Min supplied transformer and the HV network is backed up by alternators. In this
case specify the short-circuit power of the alternators: Sk min HV =3 times
the power of the alternators (X’d=30%)
To determine the ikmax values of the LV network
500 MVA, the short-circuit power of the French 20 kV network, proposed by
Sk HV Max
default: this can be modified
Choose the lower values to take account for example of high-impedance
overhead LV networks. This parameter only has a low impact on Ik
calculations.
Notes
LINK SECTION
Total length of circuit
Choice of installation method; this parameter is taken over

by default depending on the calculation tools
Choice of type of wiring system (will be taken over by

default depending on the calculation tools): - cable
- busbar trunking system : busbar
sheath
Imposed Field Help

Normati
Correction factor for grouping several circuits or cables (see
Table 52N in Standard).This factor is calculated
according to the installation method and the number of
conductors in parallel determined by Caneco BT
Symmetry Factor (depending on the standard)
1 : installation is symmetrical
0.8 : installation is not symmetrical
Proposed at 1, but 0.8 is mandatory for 3 conductors in
parallel.
cross-
section of
Fixing
fixing of phase
of number of
conductors cross-section conductor
per phase Number of
conductors per phase
Loaded neutral: a coefficient of 0.84 is applied if
this box is ticked. If TH > 15%, this box is ticked
automatically.
Notes
BOARD SOURCE BY IK
DESCRIPTION
This is a Low Voltage source for which you define the short-circuit current at the origin.
This applies:
- if you are supplied directly by the electricity company (usually 36 kVA to 250 kVA)
- if you start your installation from a distribution board in an existing installation
The following characteristics of the origin of the installation are required in order to design such a system:
- current available
- maximum 3-phase short-circuit current (Ik3 max)
- any voltage drop
The neutral and PE impedances are generally unknown hence the calculations are not very accurate,
particularly in the case of Ik minimum values and If, and therefore the magnetic settings may not be very
accurate.
This type of source is thus not advisable in the following two cases:
 Low Voltage supply from an HV-LV transformer belonging to the local distributor and installed close to
the LV delivery point: (this is the case for the EDF yellow rates in France), in which it is preferable to
define in Caneco the characteristics of this transformer and the wiring system up to the delivery point
(Tariff Source 2).
 Extension of an existing installation: it is always preferable to describe the existing installation so that all
the impedances upstream of the starting point of your installation are accurately determined.
Notes
CALCULATION OF AN LV SOURCE BY IK
Caneco BT determines phase-to-phase impedances on the basis of the 3-phase short-circuit current. It is
standard practice to distribute the impedances over the neutral and PE so as to obtain Ik min and If values
equal to Ik3Max/2. This arbitrary convention results in a source characteristic which is unfavourable and
therefore safer.
For a direct supply from the utility boars ( ex EDF Blue Rate connection <= 36 kVA), select a appropriate
catalogue
Available current Ik at point of delivery
Selection of file in order to get a

customer circuit-breaker
Notes
BOARD SOURCE BY R AND X
This source allows an installation to be extended
- if the existing project is in the form of a file: ability to copy/paste the impedances at
Board level.
- otherwise the impedance fields must be completed.
This allows an accurate calculation of the data for the board. (Ik, dU)
Specify the loop impedances

Specify the current available at
the existing board
Notes
DIRECT SUPPLY FROM THE ELECTRICITY COMPANY (YELLOW RATE IN FRANCE)

This source suppply is applicable only with the french standard (C1510002) with specific parameters :
(Power < = 250 kVA - 400 A)
from a 1000 kVA transformer
Alu cable 240mm2
Supply Contract
Power
If the value of the

voltage drop is > 0
for a given cable
length, decrement
this field to bring the
Length of cable value back to 0.
Representation in
single-line network
Notes
CIRCUITS DATA ENTRY AND

SETTING
DEFINITION OF STYLES IN CANECO BT
CONCEPT OF STYLE
 In Caneco BT circuit creation is performed automatically using circuit models known as "styles".
A style represents an outlet (protection + wiring system + terminal equipment) having a certain number
of attributes by default (type of cable, type of terminal equipment, polarity, installation method, etc.)
 Caneco BT offers 10 basic default styles, corresponding to standard circuits: Motor, Socket, Lighting,
Heating. Miscellaneous, Board, Busbar Trunking, Capacitor, LV-LV Transformer and Busbar.
 These styles may be modified and completed by the user in order to create personal styles.
EXAMPLES OF STYLES
Notes
STYLE
Default Diagram Default parameters
Protection type
Minimum Rating
Default Indirect contact protection
protection Etc.…
Cable + Protection
Polarity
Type
Core
Length
Default wiring Cable Installation method
system Minimum cross-section
Busbar DU max
Etc.…
trunking system
CIRCUIT
Distribution Type
BOARD Consumption
Default Cos phi
LV/LV Number
Equipment
terminal
Busbar trunk Use Coef
equipment
Etc.…
Equipment
Motor
Lighting
Etc.
Important:
The user can create personalised styles by defining the default diagram and/or parameters.
Notes
CIRCUIT MARKING
CIRCUIT MARKING IS MANDATORY
Ref mark (mandatory) Designation (optional)

Board circuit Busbars Distribution circuit
Number of characters 15 15 15 36 36
Default marking DB_ C_ BB_
Main Switch
User markings MSB Supply_1 JB1 Htg. suppl.
Board
Ref mark (mandatory) Designation (optional)

Associated
CEP Style Distribution circuit
Circuit
Number of characters 15 15 15 36 36
Default marking AS_ CP_ STY_
User markings AS12 CEP1 TELER
A default marking is associated to each style; one for the circuit

and an other for the equipment
The "Automatic Ref Marks" tab in the "Preferences" window allows the default markings
to be customised.
Notes
METHODS OF ENTERING A CIRCUIT

CREATION OF A NEW CIRCUIT
A new circuit can be created in several ways. We shall take the example of creating a distribution board. You can:
1. Either use the "New Circuit" button in the main window 3. Or from the project tree structure, by
right-clicking on the distribution + New Distribution
2. Or by right-clicking from the data entry window 4 – Or from the main menu, by choosing Circuits/New
and selecting New Circuit in the pop-up menu
MULTIPLE ENTRY OF CIRCUITS
Example: entering three motor outlets *****
2. Press and hold the SHIFT key on the keyboard and

1. Select the busbar
select the motor style
3. A window is displayed and prompts you to enter the desired number of outlets.
4. Release the SHIFT key and enter the number of circuits then confirm by OK
Notes
MOVING CIRCUITS
Caneco BT offers two ways for moving circuits:

⇒ Based on the circuit sheet
Please, enter here

distribution on which
circuit will be connected
⇒ By using "Drag and Drop" (available from version 5.1.4)
1. Select the circuit to be moved 2. Drag the selected circuit to the target distribution
3. Release the mouse button. The circuit is placed on the busbar

Remarks:
1. This operation can also be performed by dragging the circuit to

be moved on the network tree
2. You can also move a distribution with all the associated outlets
Notes
DUPLICATING CIRCUITS
Caneco BT offers several ways of copying circuits:
By using Copy-Paste after selecting the circuit(s)
1. Select and copy the circuit 2. Paste the circuit
After having selected the circuit(s), press the Ctrl key on the keyboard then duplicate the selection on
the desired distribution (in the network diagram or in the network tree)
1. Select and press the Ctrl key 2. Move the selection to the distribution and
release it
Notes
Additional styles
In order to complete the circuit types in Caneco BT, we offer you 7 additional styles. They appear
automatically in the usual list and automatically manage the diagram and calculation attributes. These styles
can be modified.
Lighting plus emergency Motor protected by Motor protected by circuit

circuit breaker breaker with contactor (direct
starting)
C M M
I>
U,f Busbars
with 30 mA
differential
M M M switch M
Ond
Branch grid UPS supply Motor protected by Circuit-breaker

supply with a circuit breaker protected by "Integral"
protection with a regulator type circuit-breaker
Particular Case of Busbar

In Caneco BT Busbars (sub-busbars) are considered as part of a cabinet, hence you can have various
busbars within one board.
Construction principle
Main busbar
Board supply inlet
Busbar
Supply to downstream
circuits
BOARD
Notes
Entering busbar
Busbar is available as a style in Caneco BT under the name "Busbar"
You select it by clicking on "New circuit" in the drop-down menu.
CONNECTING CIRCUITS SUPPLIED BY THE BUSBAR
⇒ in spreadsheet mode
Understand:
circuits PC1, CH1
and TD1 JB2 are
connected to
busbar TD1 JB1.
This field enables a

circuit to be
connected to a
busbar
⇒ in the Network Single-Line Diagram: using the move function by Drag - Drop
⇒ From the circuit sheet: by selecting the busbar to which the circuit is to be connected
Notes
Schematic representation of busbar
in the Network Single-Line

Diagram
BOARD
CIRCUITS SUPPLIED
BY THE BUSBARS
in the Board Single-Line

Diagram
Busbar and associated circuits
Notes
LV/LV TRANSFORMER
Board isolating
device
MSB
prot: NS160H TM160D
Circuit protection
TRBTBT kOversizing
80 kVA 116A x 1.2 = 139A
The oversizing coefficient proposed by Caneco BT is 1.2.

This average coefficient may lead to heavier protection being chosen that those sometimes recommended
by the manufacturer. In this case, the protection parameters should be fixed according to the manufacturer's
recommendations.
Example: In our example MERLIN GERIN recommends an NS160N/H/L TM125D for the protection of
LV/LV transformers
Impossible d’afficher l’image.
fixing
When power is applied to LV/LV transformers, the

inrush current is large and must be taken into
consideration when choosing a device to protect
against overcurrents.
The peak value of the first current wave often

reaches 10 to 15 times the rated RMS current of the
transformer and may, even for power ratings of less
than 50 kVA, reach levels of 20 to 25 times the rated
current.
This transient switch-on current is very rapidly

damped (a matter of milliseconds: 40 ms
approximately).
Notes
Extract from the SCHNEIDER documentation on the protection of LV/LV transformers
Notes
CAPACITOR
MSB
30 kVar
Ib = 43A
kOversizing
43 x 1.5 = 65 A Caneco BT choice: NS100N TM80D
Manufacturer table: NS100N TM63D
fixing
Extract from the SCHNEIDER documentation

Minimum setting of a Compact or Masterpact circuit-breaker depending on the power of the capacitor
set (400 V network):
Notes
BUSBAR TRUNKING SYSTEM
MSB
Cable supplying the busbar trunking system. Its length is defined in the
circuit tab
C-2
T-1
M Trunking length must be entered in the length field of the downstream tab
Configuration of the busbar trunking system

the CEP conveys the electrical energy to
Transport
the distribution circuits: the load is assumed
Distribution
to be located at its end.
the CEP supplies the distribution circuits
Comb Distribution
over its length
the CEP conveys the electrical energy to
Transport Terminal the consumer circuits: the load is assumed
to be located at its end.
the CEP supplies the consumer circuits
Comb Terminal
over its length
Arrangement of the busbar trunking system
Derating coefficient which reduces the withstand current in the CEP depending on the arrangement
standard arrangement
Standard (according to manufacturer's
recommendation)
Arrangement perpendicular to the standard
Perpendicular arrangement (according to manufacturer's
recommendation)
Vertical Vertical mounting
Notes
Configurations
Comb Terminal Transport Terminal Comb Distribution Transport Distribution
Busbar Trunking Busbar Trunking

System length System length
Final circuits Distribution circuit
Final circuits Distribution circuits
Distance
Distance from origin
from origin
Calculation method
Voltage drop
Comb : voltage drop calculated with mean I=IB/2
Transport : voltage drop calculated with IB end
Protection against indirect contacts

Terminal (final circuits): max time according to table 41 (HD384)
Distribution : maximum time 5s or according to table 41(HD384) (user preferences)
Notes
SETTING A CIRCUIT
THE CIRCUIT SHEET
This configuration window is displayed when you double-click on a circuit: in this example it is a "Board"
circuit
Circuit ref mark

The button switches from
a minimum display to a
detailed display
Protection
section
Cable ref mark

Tools for navigating
Cable between circuits
section
Equipment ref mark
Equipment
section
DETAILS OF THE DIFFERENT TABS IN THE CIRCUIT SHEET
Upstream Reading information from the upstream board
Circuit Allows circuit settings to be defined (ref mark, type of protection, consumption, etc.)
Additional data Contains additional information for the circuit
Additional results Enables certain circuit options to be defined
Discrimination by graphs Graphically displays the result of the discrimination

Displays a graphical superimposition of the protection trip graph and that of the
Cable/Protection coordination
thermal stress for the cable
Compliance Compliance form: displays details of the calculations
Displays details of downstream distribution (Board, Trunking, trunk sys, LV-LV
Downstream
Transf.
Texts Additional designations to be found in the board single-line diagram.
Notes
DETAILS OF INFORMATION AVAILABLE IN THE "DOWNSTREAM" TAB
Allows terminal equipment data to be entered (ref mark, coincidence factor, isolating device,
Board
designation, etc.)
Protection Allows modification of protection-related information
Uninterruptible Power Supply: to connect an inverter (specify ref mark, power and number of
UPS
inverters in parallel).
IK/du Display of short-circuit currents
Impedances Loop impedance upstream of MSB
Currents Information on the various currents: I available, sum of Ib values, I authorised etc.
Schematic Allows you to configure the schematic (earth conductor, terminals, etc.)
Temperature Allows you to define the operating temperatures of the board protections
DETAILS ON CONFIGURATION OF DIVERSISTY/COINCIDENCE AND USE FACTORS
The Diversisty/Coincidence factor requires detailed knowledge of the installation and experience of the
operating conditions (motors, power sockets).
In the absence of precise indications, the values can be taken in the table below:
Type of Use Factor
Equipment use Lighting and heating b=1

factor Industrial installation b between 0.3 and 0.9
Powered equipment b = 0.75 (unless precise
indication)
Type of Use Factor

Lighting 1
Heating and air conditioning 1
Power socket 0.1 to 0.2 (*)
Diversisty/Coinciden
ce factor Lifts and For the most powerful motor 1
elevators(**) For the next motor 0,75
For the others 0,60
(*)
: in certain cases (industry) it may be higher
(**)
: Current to be taken into account: I = In + (Id / 3) for each motor
Notes
CIRCUIT CALCULATION
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FORMULAS ON STANDARD CIRCUITS
Data Calculations Diagrams
U = 400 V Ib = S / U. 3
Cos ϕ = 0.8 Ib = 100 / 400. 3
Board
S = 100 kVA
Ib = 144.3 A
U = 400 V P = U . I. 3 ϕ
cos
Cos ϕ = 0.88
Ib = P / U 3 cos ϕ
Motor
Pu = 11 kW
n = 0.86 Ib = 12790 / 0.88. 400 3
(2790 W) according to
Caneco standard Ib = 20.98 A
U = 230 V P = U . I . cos ϕ
Cos ϕ = 0.92
Lighting
2*36 W Ib = P / U cos ϕ
( 90 W with ballast)
Ib = 90 / 0.92. 230
According to Caneco
standard
Ib = 0.425 A
the power socket is considered like

U = 230 V an equipment which consumes 16 A
Cos ϕ = 0.92 Ib = 5 x 16 A = 80 A
2*16 A: 2P+T
No. of equipment: 5 Ib = 80 A
Power socket
0.1 ≤ Diversisty/Coincidence factors ≤ 0.2

example: 0.2 x 80 A = 16 A
(for power socket circuits)
Notes
CALCULATION RULES FOR THE PROTECTION AND CROSS-SECTION OF A

CABLE
PROTECTION PROVIDED BY A CIRCUIT-BREAKER
The circuit is characterised by:

- the short-circuit current Ikmax at its origin
- the design current IB
- the type of cable
- the wiring systemlength
- the track conditions: Installation method
Proximity
Symmetry
Harmonics rate
Temperature
BE2 / BE3 risk
Etc.
Definition of the different abbreviations used

In : rated current, trip unit rating Icu IT : breaking capacity with one pole in IT earthing
system
Irth :thermal circuit-breaker setting
Iz : current carrying capacity of the trunking
Irmg : magnetic circuit-breaker setting
system
Icu : breaking capacity
IB : design current
Determination of Protection Determination of cable cross-section

The calculation of cable cross-section depends on the following 4 criteria:
In e Ib and Irth e
Maximum current carrying capacity of the wiring systemsystem criterion -
Ib
(IN in Caneco BT)
Voltage drop criterion- (DU in Caneco BT)

Icu e Ikmax
Indirect contact criterion- (IC in Caneco BT)
Short-circuit criterion - (SC in Caneco BT)
Notes
Overload condition (IN) (withstand current rule)

Also valid for a thermal relay associated with a contactor
 Iz after applying correction factors e Irth
Iz corrected = Iz from Table of the Standard x f1 x f2 x f 3

f1: temperature factor
f2: group factor (circuit grouping)
f3: additional factor: 0,84 : unbalanced neutral
0.85 : risk of explosion etc.
fs: symmetry factor (1 or 0.8)
Iz from Table of the Standard
The IN criterion depends on the wiring system and its track conditions
Voltage drop (dU)

 dU at circuit end d dU max in the Standard
dU Max for HD384 & C15-100 Lighting Others

Supply by private HV/LV
6% 8%
transformer
Direct supply from utility 3% 5%

*Voltage drop may be different
according to the standard (ex
4%)
This criterion depends on:
dU max permitted
Length of cable
Design current
Cos. Phi
dU Upstream
Cable cross-section
Notes
Protection against indirect contacts (IC) (electrical shocks)

Principe : if there is a fault between a phase and the chassis of a terminal equipment, trip is
mandatory:  on the first fault in TT and TN earthing system
 on the second fault in IT earthing system
If
chassis
The standard defines a maximum trip time depending on the supply voltage and the neutral point
connection (for ex 400 ms at 400 V under TN according to table 41A)
This time may be as much as 5 seconds for distributions
Note: If the operating time of the protection is greater than the time stipulated in the standard or if the circuit
configuration requires, a suitable device must be used to protect people against indirect contact:
Basic protection: tripping of magnetic circuit breaker

in the event of a fault to earth
AEB : Additional Equipotential Bonding
Equipot : earthing by connecting chassis together
Other Diff : adjustable differential
See reminder of rules for using AEB and EQUIPOTENTIALITY appended hereto
Notes
Protection against short-circuits (thermal stress of cable)
Different short-circuit currents
L1 L2 L3 N PE
Ik3
Ik2
Ik1Min
Ik1Max
If
For thermal stress Short-circuits are calculated at the end of the wiring system
In a short-circuit situation, the thermal stress limited by the protection must meet the following
condition:
k² S² e I² t
For the value of k, please refer to Table 54B and 54D of NFC 15-100
Thermal stress: I ² . t d k ² . s ² ( for t d 5s )
Cable cross-section
Short-circuit
current Coefficient ( depending on each
in the cable insulation family PVC/ XLPE)
Operating time See Table 54B
of the protection
This relationship must be met for each conductor calculated.
k Copper Alu
PR 143 94
PVC 115 76
table abstract
Practical condition:
Erreur ! Signet non défini. Ik min ≥ IrMg × 1,2Tol. (general purpose circuit-breaker)
[ Tol.= tolerance: Depends on the trip unit technology]
Erreur ! Signet non défini. Ik min ≥ IrMg max (modular circuit-breaker) ( IrMagmax = upper
value of operating range)
Notes
PRINCIPLE OF COORDINATION BETWEEN A CABLE (THERMAL STRESS) AND ITS PROTECTION
(trip curve)
(the thermal stress curve for the cable must be to the right of the trip curve)
Curve representing cable thermal

stress
Operating condition: Ikmin >= IrMgmax
Ikmin is the lowest of the min short-circuit currents (Ik2, Ik1 or If)
If protection against indirect contact is provided by a RCD or using

Equipotential bonding or AEB, fault current If will not be taken into
account for adjusting the protection magnetic relay adjustment.
Example:
Value of IrMg for the protection

Short-circuit values at
end of cable
Max. setting for IrMg
IrMgMax = Ikmin / 1.2
Ikmin is the lowest of the min. short-circuit currents (If in this

case):
Notes
PROTECTION PROVIDED BY A FUSE
Choice of Fuse
In e Ib
Pdf e Ip max
With:
Ip max = Ik max (RMS) x k (peak factor)

Pdf: breaking capacity of switching device (disconnector or switch)
Determination of cable cross-section
Overload condition (withstand current rule)
Iz corrected e k3 x In ( fuse gG)
with k3 = 1.31 if In < 16 A

k3 = 1.10 if In e 16 A
Voltage drop (same for circuit-breaker)
dU at circuit end d dU max in the Standard
Protection against indirect contact (electrical shocks)
Melting time of Fuse ( If ) d 400 ms in a 400 V system

(Table 41A in the standard)
Protection against short-circuits (thermal stress)
K² S² e Ik² mini x Tfus (fuse melting time)
Notes
INTERPRETING THE RESULTS

CALCULATION CRITERIA
Caneco BT calculates the minimum cable cross-sections in order to meet the 4 criteria of the Standard
Calculation criterion Symb Explanation Cause
The cable is sized according to its
Ib, Irth, all the coefficients, method of
Overload condition withstand current, which depends on the
installation, type of cable (core, pole
(withstand current IN rated current or the thermal setting.
(multicore or singlecore))
rule) It is a MINIMUM cross-section
according to IN
Ik1 or Ik2 too low,
Remedy:
- low magnetic, electronic protection
Cross-section chosen to ensure thermal
Thermal stresses following stress for the cable on short-circuit. (on - thermal trip if:
CC
short-circuit. short-circuit) 1. there are no
indirect contacts:
2. we apply the rule "Exemption from
verification of short-circuit tolerance of
conductors"
IF too low or Mg too high
Remedy:
Protection against indirect Cross-section chosen to protect people Differential, equipotential, (distribution
contacts CI against indirect contact circuit) bare copper
(Human protection)
AEB (ending circuit)
Low magnetic or electronic protection
Length, IB (consumption, core of

conductor)
Max DU field
cross-section chosen in order to meet
Voltage drop DU the voltage drop condition Remedy:
if more than one equipment specify the
distance
from 1st equipment (calculation of
voltage drop).
S: 1.5 mm² lighting (by default)
Ability to enforce a minimum cross-section
Minimum cross-section MIN 2.5 mm² power socket (by default)
or an enforced cross-section
Cross-section fixed FIXING For example an existing cable Cross-section enforced
Therefore a cable calculated by Caneco BT always complies with the standard.

If you enforce cross-sections, Caneco BT becomes a control software and checks compliance of the wiring system
against the 4 standard criteria. If one criterion is not met, Caneco BT specifies that the wiring system is non-compliant.
To make the calculation understandable, Caneco BT adds one or two exclamation marks (! or !!) to this criterion.
! 1 cross-section oversized by one section relative to the previous criterion

! 2 cross-sections oversized by two or more sections relative to the previous criterion
!! It leads to displaying warning C55: Very unfavourable calculation criterion (except for
IN)
Notes
METHODS OF DETERMINING PROTECTIONS IN CANECO BT

1. Automatic economical choice (automatic): determination of protection according to an economic
criterion (the lowest breaking capacity and the lowest rating).
2. User choice per model: uses the same principles as the "manual" choice in CANECO BT V4.4 but
with more detail.
More enhanced information is included in the manufacturer database if the files originate from
EDIELEC.
In this case, CANECO BT only provides possibilities offered by the manufacturer's catalogue. The
trip unit poles and time delays are specified and CANECO takes them into account.
Protection time delay becomes a selection criterion if the file type is EDIELEC and the "Delayed" box
is ticked.
In this case, the automatic choice looks for the most economical time-delayed protection.
“Simulation” function allows a

dynamic calculation
Selection allows protection setting:
IrTh, IrMg, Delay
Notes
3. Off-catalogue choice:
It replaces the previous fixing of all the adjustment values of a protection in previous versions (V4).
Version 5 of Caneco BT clearly states that the product is off-catalogue; a window allows specifying all
the values necessary for a normative calculation except breaking capacity :
Free fields to be completed
Example: NS 250N TM40G
Specify the adjustment values
Notes
PROTECTION ADJUSTMENTS
MODULAR CIRCUIT-BREAKER
Modular Circuit-Breaker
Adjustment
Type Thermal adjustment Magnetic adjustment
range
C 5In - 10In Fixed Fixed
B 3In - 5In Fixed Fixed
D 10In - 20In Fixed Fixed
K 10In - 14In Fixed Fixed
Z 2.4In - 3.6In Fixed Fixed
Example of a trip curve for a modular circuit-breaker:
The trip range of the trip unit is between: 5In - 10In
Manufacturers may suggest smaller tolerances.
The device will certainly trip if:
Ik min i ≥ 10 × In
Notes
GENERAL PURPOSE CIRCUIT-BREAKER
General purpose circuit-breaker

(MCCB moulded case circuit-breaker
(ACB, open case)
Magnetothermal Trip Unit (TM) Electronic Trip Unit (STR .. SE)
Magnetic Magnetic 6
Rating Io: Preadjustment 0.5 to Irth
adjustment adjustment notches
Ir: Thermal 0.4 In to 8
Up to 160 A 0.8 In to In Fixed Adjustment In notches
Im: Magnetic 2 In to 10
Adjustment In
200 A to 250
0.8 In to In 5In to 10In
A
Example of a trip curve for a general-purpose circuit-breaker:
The trip curve is given with a tolerance of +/- 20%

(maximum standardised tolerance).
Manufacturers may suggest smaller tolerances.
The device will certainly trip if:
Ik min i ≥ 1,2 × IrMg
Notes
RESULTS WINDOW
This window summarises all the calculation results, with

a colour code to specify compliance:
- blue: correct value
- orange: borderline value
- red: non-compliant value
Notes
CALCULATION OPTIONS
DETAILS ON CALCULATION OPTIONS - "CALCULATION" TAB
Human Protection:
If phase cross-section is equal to PE, we

define a priority for increasing the conductor cross-section
according to the choice made by the tick.
If ticked, we apply the values in

Table 41A of the Standard (§ 411.3.2.2 of the NFC 15-100
Standard)
Adjustment of IB allows more favourable cable cross-sections.

In this case ensure that the adjustment value of the thermal trip unit
is not modified.
This option, if selected, avoids the trip condition: Ikmin >=

IrMg max.
WARNING: refer to the actual Standard for more
details.( § 4.3.5. of the NFC 15-100)
Notes
DETAILS ON CALCULATION OPTIONS - "PROTECTION" TAB
Discrimination "from table": Caneco BT uses the discrimination tables

provided by the manufacturers (same brand and catalogue year)
Discrimination "from Calculation/curves": Caneco BT calculates the

discrimination: (IrMgUpstream >= 1.5 x IrMgDownstream)
1 - Use of the
limitation curves
under thermal stress
(I2.t) to calculate
cross-sections.
2 - Use of the current

limitation of circuit-breakers
(determination of limited Ip
peak according to the RMS
short-circuit current):
+ Electrodynamic stress for
busbar trunking systems
+ Association/coordination
with downstream fuses
If ticked: Caneco BT looks for upstream

and downstream protections with
coordination (only if same manufacturer)
If ticked: Caneco BT does coordination between fuse

and switch.
(Ability to choose switch having Icm < Ik peak
downstream)
If ticked: Caneco BT checks if Icm Inter. >= Ik Peak is

downstream circuit-breaker
Notes
DETAILS ON CALCULATION OPTIONS - "CABLE" TAB
Allows to define the cross-section from which Caneco BT will shift

from multicore to single-core cables if the "Single > Smax" option is
selected in the Pole field of the circuit sheet
Allows to define the cross-section from which Caneco BT will

choose aluminium cables if the "Cu/Al" option is selected in the
Core field of the circuit sheet
This option enables cross-sections to be calculated applying a

tolerance of x% max. on Iz (according to standard used.
Deselect the box if the specifications say that this allowance is not
to be applied to the Source-MSB wiring system.
Notes
DISCRIMINATION -
COORDINATION
DISCRIMINATION - COORDINATION/BACKUP
DISCRIMINATION, SELECTIVITY
Caneco BT determines discrimination by tables, by curves, or by calculation.

The choice is made in "Calculation Options" - "Protection" - "Discrimination Calculation".
The default option is "By tables" (manufacturer's discrimination tables).
If the Upstream and Downstream protections are from different manufacturers, the software calculates
discrimination according to the rule shown below:
Disjoncteur Amont
Disjoncteur Aval
The calculated discrimination is specified by

brackets : e.g.: (total)
Ir Mg Upstream x 0.8 >= Ir Mg Downstream x

1.2
1,5
IrMgUpstream 1,2
(- 20%)
≥ = 1,5
IrMg x 0,8 IrMgDownstream 0,8
IrMg x 1,2 (+20%)
IrMg IrMg
Aval Amont
Caneco BT displays the discrimination status in the calculation results window:
The possible results are:

Discrimination Nil
Partial discrimination
Total discrimination
Functional discrimination
Time delay discrimination
Discrimination Reinforced by
association (MG, GE, etc.)
(Selectivity+)
Notes
Partial discrimination Total discrimination
Discrimination on overload
Partial current discrimination

(only up to threshold Im d1)
Im d1 e 1.5 x Im d2
len
Th
Mg
Current and chronometric discrimination
B (total)
ut
Functional discrimination
Total discrimination
In practice, the most likely short- ensured with a downstream
circuits are at the equipment D1 limiter circuit-breaker
level. IrTh(upstream)
1,5 ≤ )
Discrimination ensured for any Ik Example: IrTh(downstream)
at the end of the circuit. D2
Limit 2 kA
The ratio of 1.5 guarantees

discrimination, regardless of
Ikmax the type of circuit-breaker
DIFFERENTIAL DISCRIMINATION
1. Total: A
 Functionning time of A > functioning time of B

 Differential – residual e 3 times that of B
B
2. Partial:
 Differential - residual current e 3 times that of B
3. Null: If default on downstream circuit (B), the upstream protection

trips (B). B
Discrimination Meaning
Nil the upstream protection trips at the same time as that of the circuit
Uncertain the upstream protection is liable to trip at the same time as that of the circuit
Total the circuit protection trips and the upstream protection does not
Not calculated the differential discrimination is not calculated
Notes
BACKUP
Backup is the use of the limiting power of the protective devices (fuses or circuit-breakers).
The installation of an upstream limiting device enables the downstream use of circuits-breakers
which do not have a breaking capacity (Icu) sufficient for the presumed short-circuit current (I k) at
the point where they are installed: this arrangement can generate substantial savings.
The current limitation is effective on all the circuits placed downstream and is not merely restricted
to two successive equipment.
Coordination can thus be applied at several stages.
[A device with a lower breaking capacity is permitted as long as it is accompanied upstream by

another device having the required breaking capacity. In such cases the characteristics of the two
devices must be coordinated in such a way that the energy which they allow to pass is not greater
than the energy which can be tolerated without damage by the device situated downstream and by
the branch protected by these devices].
Without means: no
association with upstream
protection
Discrimination reinforced
by coordination
(manufacturer tables)
Breaking capacity
increase by association
with upstream
protection.
Notes
STANDBY SUPPLY
STANDBY SUPPLY
RULES:
The type of standby supply proposed by default is

"generator" (generator set or alternator). The standby
supply can be connected at any point in the installation if
the following conditions are met:
- same neutral point connection
- same service voltage and frequency
- same polarity
- board to be connected shall be calculated
DESCRIPTION OF A STANDBY SUPPLY
Three types of standby

supply are possible:
MSB by default, ability - Transformer
- Generator set
to connect to other
- Board by lk
boards from the list. - Board by R and X
Previous Low voltage by Ik
Ability to copy or transfer

the impedance values
from an existing table
Notes
Details on the characteristics of the standby supply
15 characters max.
Rated power of generator: 25 to 1000 kVA
Same as normal supply
Transfo: replacement transformer

LV by Ik: 2 data are sufficient: Available current and Ik max for
board
LV Board: copy the impedances or note them
File: genset file (standard generator)

X’d : transient reactance (normative value: 30%)
X’0 : homopolar reactance (normative value: 6%)
File containing genset characteristics
Representation of standby supply in single-line diagrams
On board single-line diagram On Network Single-Line

diagram
Notes
Connection of a Standby Supply
1. Create the standby supply
⇒ Either from the tool bar:
By pressing the "Standby Supply" button
⇒ Or from the "Supplies" main menu:
Connection is done by selecting the distribution to which the standby supply will be connected
⇒ Or from the Standby sheet
⇒ Or from the "Supplies" main menu
Notes
Deletion‘ of a standby supply
⇒ Either from the tool bar
By pressing the "Delete Standby Supply" button
⇒ Or from the "Supplies" main menu:
Confirm by YES
Notes
SCHEMATIC
STYLES BLOCKS
CREATING A CIRCUIT STYLE IN CANECO BT
 DESCRIPTION
In Caneco BT, circuits are created based
on templates called "Styles:.
When a style is created using one of the three

CANECO BT entry tools or with the data entry
and detailed calculation dialog box, the circuit
data and diagram are initialised according Protection
to the circuit style selected. +
Wiring system
A style represents an outlet (protection + +
wiring system + equipment) with a certain Equipment
number of default attributes (type of cable, +
type of equipment, type of protection, polarity, Diagram
installation method, etc.)
Caneco BT offers two types of style:
⇒ "Caneco styles"
• These are "standard" styles
• They can not be modified or deleted
• There are 10 of them (in bold characters)
⇒ "Custom styles":
• These are styles created by the user from standard or custom styles
• They can be modified or deleted
Notes
 CONFIGURATION OF THE "INIT" COLUMN
The Init column allows you to define the initialisation of circuit data: it defines the first initialisation of the
data for a circuit created by its style.
Four options are available:
Init Meaning
Yes means that the parameter will be initialised with the value
specified to the right
No means that this value will not be initialised (e.g. the
designation)
Cond means that initialisation is conditional i.e. determined by the
program (prohibition of PEN conductor in certain cases,
etc.)
Prev means that the parameter will be initialised identically to the
previous circuit (e.g. method of installation)
 DETAILS ON THE TYPE OF EQUIPMENT IN A STYLE
Choosing to create a new circuit from a style means that CANECO BT identifies the type of equipment
according to the standard style from which the selected style was itself created. On the basis of this
information, CANECO BT performs particular operations e.g.:
- automatic creation of a board if the style was created from the Board style
- choice of particular power values: a circuit having a motor-type equipment gives access to the standard
mechanical power values for motors.
- check of the consistency of circuit data. For example: CANECO BT advises against the use of gG fuse
protection for a circuit with motor-type equipment.
Notes
CREATING CIRCUIT BLOCKS IN CANECO BT

A block in Caneco BT corresponds to a set of multiple circuits which can be created and moved as a group.
This means:
1- Select a distribution e.g. columns 2, 3 and 4

2-
Ref mark mandatory if the
"Designation" field is
completed.
Drag/Drop
The block is saved in a file

with the ".blk" extension
(Caneco.blk)
Notes
Another method
2- Select a distribution then

Select the drop-down menu
circuit / block / create
Dialog box opening
Notes
INSERTING A DIAGRAM IN THE BOARD SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM

Example: Inserting a control diagram
Step 1 Select associated circuit Step 2 : select the associated menu:

Edit / insert a diagram
The dialog box opens
Click on "open:"
Ability to incorporate data into the non-

calculated circuit
Notes
INSERTING TEXT IN THE BOARD SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM

Example 1: We want to add "Q1_2" at circuit-breaker level
Edit / Modify the symbol text OR Circuit sheet
Dynamic display
Example 2: We want to add one or more data (cable cross-section, Ik, discrimination etc………….)
Double-click
on Cable
Q1_1 (modify symbol text)
Q1_2 (circuit sheet)
Final result in the

Board Single-Line
Diagram
4x50 (cable cross-section)
Notes
MODIFYING THE DIAGRAM USING THE SYMBOL TABLE
Ability
- insert disconnection devices in
the calculated circuits (switch,
contactor, etc.)
- create associated circuits which
will not be calculated
- insert blocks (circuits which will
be calculated)
If the tab is active, we obtain

the above display of
symbols
List of styles
List of blocks
created
Ability to incoporate data into the non-calculated circuit Ability to

setting up in order to insert into Board single-line diagram
(right-click)
Notes
CREATING NON-CALCULATED CIRCUITS (ASSOCIATED CIRCUITS)

DEFINING ASSOCIATED CIRCUITS
Caneco BT can handle non-calculated circuits, internal or external to the cabinet: non-calculated power
circuits, control-command circuits, measurement and low-current circuits (telephone, alarms, measurements,
home automation) These circuits are often associated with power circuits designed by Caneco BT and are
known as associated circuits. Parameters can be assigned to these circuits, allowing the generation of a
completed board single-line diagram:
Circuit a sso cié Circuits ca lculé s

"U N I FI L AI RE
So urce T ABL EAU "
avec un circui
T a b le a u associé
Pro te ctio n
T e xte s d u circuit a sso cié

ENTERING ASSOCIATED CIRCUITS
Only the board single-line diagram allows you to view the associated circuits, but three tools are available for

creating them: the concept of a style

the insert an image function in the Edit menu

drawing, in the board single-wire diagram, library symbols in a blank associated circuit.
Style-defined associated circuits. When you define a style for a circuit (Styles command in the Options
menu) you can add associated circuits to it. This allows the correct processing of circuits calculated by
Caneco BT associated with non-calculated circuits which are electrically connected to them: motor protected
by aM+thermal with star-delta reverser-starter, lighting with security units. The latter circuits are among the
styles supplied with Caneco BT.
When you create a circuit from a style that includes associated circuits (from the three Caneco BY editors),
these are created automatically. They are only visible, however, in the board single-line diagram:
Example Motor with Varistor
Power circuit feeding the

varistor. Calculated by Caneco
Associated circuit from varistor to

the motor.
Information can be entered
manually, no calculation by
Caneco
Notes
MANAGEMENT OF LABELS (NETWORK SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM)

CREATING LABELS
The Network Single-Line diagram enables you to see the main circuits and the terminal circuits.
You can add labels (ref marks, rating, length, etc.)
Select from the drop-down menu: Tools / Preferences
If box ticked: labels

displayed on the
screen
Select colours for

each label
4 different entities Select fields

are identified
Adjust the column size to extend

the label (same procedure as
spreadsheet)
Labels
Notes
Printing labels
Select from the drop-down menu: Tools / Printing models / Document models
1 - Select document "General Single line diagram A4"

2 - Click the "Details" button
3 - Tick "Labels"
If ticked: print
labels
If ticked: print final

circuits
Notes
PRINTING
PRINT CONFIGURATION
COMPOSITION OF A CANECO BT PRINT FOLDER
Document model Folder model

(27 standard models provided)
Calculation notes
Transfer of documents to
Board single-line diagram

« Standby » network • Automatic page setting
single-line diagram • order of printing defined
by the user
«Normal» network single-
line diagram
List of folios
Flyleaf
The user selects the document models which he wants to include in his print folder, from the menu: Tools /
Printing models
Notes
ENTERING DATA FOR YOUR PROJECT

These data are accessible from the menu: File / Project Information:
"Client" tab
"Project" tab
Select custom Logo in the Tools menu, then
Preferences thenprint and select
company logo.
Index entered into Tools menu then

Modification indexes.
Project no. to be entered

in the File menu, then
project information
Drawing no. to be entered in the File menu, then Page setup
Notes
INSERTING THE LOGO
To insert a logo:
1. Go to Tools – Preferences
2. Select the "Print" tab
3. Select the LOGO in the FOLIOS folder
4. Confirm by "OPEN" Click on three points to open
“FOLIOS” folder
CREATING A PRINT FOLDER
1. Go to Tools – Print models – Folder models

2. Click the "New" button to create a new folder
3. Define the folder documents by selecting them in the Available documents window and
moving them to the central "Documents Included" window
Notes
CREATING A NEW DOCUMENT MODEL
1. Click on "New"
2. Specify the document name
3. Select "Circuits" in the Type field 2

4. Define the orientation as "Landscape"
5. Select "Landscape folio background" 3
Notes
The newly-created document model is empty. The next stage will be to specify the file to be associated with
the document model.
The procedure to be followed is detailed below:
Right-click
browse
Find the file and confirm by Open
Notes
STANDARD CANECO BT DOCUMENT MODELS

 « FLYLEAF »
 « LIST OF FOLIOS »
Notes
 SUPPLY CALCULATION SHEET:
 « NETWORK SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM »

SOURCE
TGBT
POMPE1
POMPE2
COND1
ASC1
ASC2
TD0
TD1
TD2
TD3
TD4
NS TD0 NS TD1 NS TD2 N S TD3 N S TD4

1E01
1F01
ECL FM
1E02
1E03
1E04
1E05
1E06
1E07
1E08
1E09
1E10
1E11
1F02
1F03
1F04
1F05
1F06
EXTERT
Folio
A bon pour exécution AFFAIRE N° 123AH2A
6
Ind. MODIFICATIONS
Unifilaire général Date : 22/05/97 Fichier : EXTERT PLAN N° 48
Notes
 CIRCUIT CALCULATION SHEET
 « CABLES LIST »
Notes
 PROTECTION SETTINGS:
 CONSUMER LIST:
Notes
 CABLE NOMENCLATURE:
 PROTECTION NOMENCLATURE: « NOMENCLATURE PROT. »
Notes
 SITE SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM 8 CIRCUITS PER FOLIO:
 MAINTENANCE SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM 8 CIRCUITS PER FOLIO:
Notes
 PANEL BUILDER SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM 8 CIRCUITS PER FOLIO
 INDUSTRIAL SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM 8 CIRCUITS PER FOLIO
Notes
PRACTICAL WORKSHOPS
Notes
WORKSHOP 1: FAMILIARISATION WITH DATA ENTRY TOOLS
1- Project design using
a) network diagram data entry

b) single line diagram data entry
c) spreadsheet data entry
2 - calculation and analysis

WORKSHOP 2 – ADVANCED DATA ENTRY
See other circuits

on next page
WORKSHOP 3 – CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
WORKSHOP 4 – CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Ask for the project file
Calculate and analyse results.
What are the problems and possible solutions.

WORKSHOP 5 – CONNECTING A STANDBY SUPPLY
A B C
Standby direct on Normal feeding MSB
distribution board Standby feeding standby MSB
Normal and standby on MSB
Normal Standby Normal Normal Standby
MSB MSB
Standby
MSB
Normal Normal and Standby

circuits Standby circuits circuits
APPENDICES
FACTS ABOUT CABLES
Cables
PRC PVC CR1/PRC CR1/PVC

Op. temp. 90° C 70° C 90° C 70° C
S-C temp max 250° C 160°C/180°C 250° C 160°C/180°C
Example U1000R2V FR-N05VVU
Op. temp.: : maximum temperature of conductor cores for operation at continuous rating.
S-C temp: maximum core temperature in short-circuit condition
Separating
tape
insulating envelope of conductor

(insulant in CANECO list)
Protective sheath
Filler
Maximum allowable thermal stresses on conductors depend on the nature of the insulation in direct
contact with the core.
Multicore Wiring systems
3 2
2 3 2 3 2
N
1 1 3
PE N 1 PE N
1
PE
5G10 3X70+G50 Multi +PE
with integrated PE 4X10 with reduced integrated PE 4X10 + separate PE 1X6
Not reduced
Wiring systems using single-core cables:
In a wiring system made from single-core cables, these may be arranged in

accordance with the standard Guide, either in trefoils or layers (touching or
separated). The corresponding linear reactances of conductors to be taken into
consideration are those in the GB table of the above-mentioned Guide.
λ: (mΩ / m)
Multicore cables
0,08
or single-core cables in trefoils
Touching single-core cables in layers 0,09
Separate single-core cables 0,13
THE SYMMETRY FACTOR (FS)
Paragraph 523.6 Cables in parallel

When cables are connected in parallel they must be of the same nature, the same cross-section and broadly
the same length. They must have no branch connections along their length.
It is generally advisable to place the lowest possible number of cables in parallel. According to the standard,
they must not be more than four in number. Beyond this number, the use of busbar trunking systems is to be
preferred. This is because placing multiple cables in parallel can result in poor distribution of current and
consequent overheating.
A further "symmetry factor" fs, applicable to withstand currents, is introduced for this purpose.
The recommended symmetrical arrangements are as follows:
a) two cables per phase with or without a neutral cable
b) 4 cables per phase and neutral cable
Non-compliance with the specified symmetry conditions for 2 and 4 cables per phase or the use of 3 cables
per phase requires the application of a coefficient fs equal to 0.8.
Applying the symmetry coefficient fs does not remove the need to take grouping into account, which means
that when a circuit uses several single-core cables per phase, account should be taken of as many circuits
as there are cables per phase.
If Caneco detects the installation of several cables in parallel, the user can choose whether or not to apply
the symmetry factor. The default value of the symmetry coefficient is 1 (symmetrical arrangement of
conductors).
1st case: 2 or 4 cables per phase: the user may or may not apply the symmetry coefficient
If the number of conductors is greater than 4, message indicating non-compliance with
the standard requirements, but the calculation can nevertheless be performed.
2nd case: 3 cables per phase: Caneco applies the mandatory coefficient of 0.8.
Symmetry is not possible
installation is symmetrical
3 2 2 3 Fs = 1
and touching by default or separated by 2 diameters.
1 1
Fs = 0.8 installation is not symmetrical

3 2 3 2 and may be touching or separated by 2 diameters.
ADDITIONAL EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING : AEB
Reminder of article 411.3.2 – Supply disconnection
A protective device must automatically disconnect from the power supply the circuit or equipment
protected by this device against indirect contacts in such a manner that, following a fault between a live part
and an earth in the circuit or equipment, a presumed contact voltage greater than 50 Volts for A.C. or 120
Volts for smoothed D.C. cannot persist for a time sufficient to be physiopathologically dangerous for a person
in contact simultaneously with accessible conducting parts.
Without taking into account the contact voltage, a disconnection time of not more than 5 seconds is
permitted in certain circumstances, depending on the earth connections diagram (distribution circuits)
Reminder of article 411.3.2.5
If the protection conditions defined in paragraph 411.3.2.1 cannot be met in an installation or part of
an installation, a local wiring system said additional equipotential bonding (see paragraph 415.2) must
be created.
Reminder of article 415.2
Creating additional equipotential bondings avoids the hazards caused by indirect contacts if, in the
event of a fault, disconnection is not fast enough.
Notes 1. - This additional equipotential bonding may serve the whole installation, part of it, an equipment
or a location
2. - The use of additional equipotential bondings does not eliminate the need to disconnect the
supply for other reasons, such as fire prevention, equipment thermal stress, etc.
3. - Additional requirements may be necessary for specific locations.
However, other harmful events may occur, such as heating of an equipotentiality conductor, increased earth electrode
resistance due to drought, etc. This is valid both in the case of a first fault in TT and TN installations and for a
second fault in IT installations.
Reminder of article 544.2
- Between two exposed conductive parts: - Between an exposed conductive part and a
structure:
Si S PE1 ≤ S PE2
SPE1
SLS = (*)
S LS = S PE1
2
SPE1 SPE2 SPE Metal structure

SLS (pipes
frames, etc.)
M1 M2 M
(*) with minimum of 2.5mm² if the conductors are mechanically protected

4 mm² if the conductors are not mechanically protected
Conductors not incorporated into a cable are mechanically protected if they are installed in ducts,
raceways or mouldings or are protected in a similar way.
Remarks applicable to all equipotential bonds:
There is no need to use equipotential bonds for conductive parts which are not liable to propagate an
external voltage, e.g. certain metal fittings, ventilation grills, stair rails, etc.
Bonding of the reinforced concrete armature is limited to a loop at the base of the foundations under
the conditions defined in the Standard when the appropriate bonds are established when the building is
constructed.
Note:
If the AEB option is chosen in CANECO BT, cable wording will be printed as: 3 * 70 +G50 +
AEB, if an AEB is necessary
If this is not the case, the cable will be: 3 * 70 +G50
Equipotental bonding : Means that the equipment conductive part is bonded to the general
conductive part equipotentiality.
Equipotential Bonding Conductor

Minimum cross-sections
544.1. - Main Equipotential bonding Conductors
(STANDARD))
The main equipotential bonding conductors must have a cross-section of not less than half that of the largest
protective conductor in the installation, with a minimum of 6 mm². Their cross-section may however be limited to 25 mm²
if they are copper, or an equivalent cross-section for another metal.
(COMMENTS)
This section distinguishes between two types of main equipotential bondings:
1 The general main equipotential bonding is that specified in paragraph 411.3.1.1 of NF C15-100 in each
building
2 The local equipotential bonding allows a disconnection time of 5 seconds without taking account of the value
of the contact voltage.
1 General main equipotential bonding (411.3.1.1) created at the origin of the installation and at least in every
building if the installation involves more than one building.
The bonding gathers the following items:

- the main protective conductors
- water, gas pipes, etc.
- central heating risers
- accessible metal components in the construction
- metal components in any other pipes
Items arriving from outside must be bonded at the point where they enter a building:
The cross-section of the main equipotential bonding conductors is equal to half the cross-section of the main
protective conductor in the building, with a minimum of 6 mm² in copper or 10mm² in aluminium and a maximum 25 mm²
in copper or 35mm² in aluminium.
In buildings with large horizontal dimensions where metal pipes arrive at points separated by considerable
distances (such as factory workshops), it is permissible to create several main equipotential bondings around the inlet
points of the different pipes.
If a metal pipe penetrates into a building at a point far from the main distribution board of the installation, and if that
pipe is connected locally to a protective conductor, it is not necessary to connect the pipe to the main equipotential
bonding. The bond between the pipe and the protective conductor is then considered as an additional equipotential
bonding (415.2.1).
2 Local equipotential bondings

In TN and IT diagrams, it is permissible to not verify the lengths of circuits located upstream of the terminal circuits
if an equipotential bonding is created locally at each distribution board supplying terminal circuits.
These local equipotential bondings are made at distribution and terminal board level and connect the following:
- the protective conductor of the circuit upstream of the board considered
- metal pipes and frames located less than 2 metres from the board
The cross-section of local equipotential bonding conductors is equal to half the cross-section of the protective
conductor of the circuit upstream from the board, with a minimum of 6mm² in copper or 10mm² in aluminium and a
maximum 25 mm² in copper or 35mm² in aluminium.
This local equipotential bonding is intended to create a reference point such that its potential in the event of a fault
can be considered as broadly identical to that of the general main equipotential bonding (1).
GLOSSARY
Source Glossary
Power Source standardized Power in KVA. (1 to 2500 kVA)
File Dry95.ZTR : File for dry transformers
Oil95.ZTR : File for oil transformers
Ukr Short circuit voltage in %
Xd Transient direct Reactance in % (standard 30%)
Xo Steady state direct Reactance in % (standard 6%)
Network
LV Voltage Source operating voltage, between phases, on load (default 400V).
No load voltage is equal to 1.05 times operating voltage
Frequency Network frequency 50Hz or 60Hz
Funct. T. Prot HV Operating time for HV protective device at transformer HV/LV primary level.
Pcc. HV Min High voltage Min short circuit Power (default 500 MV
Pcc. HV Max High voltage Max short circuit Power (default 500 MV
Factors
Temperature (K T) Temperature factor downgrading Cable current carrying capacity.
Group (K prox) Conductors group factor
Symetrical fs fs Symetrical factor according to standard (0.8)
Conductors
Phase Phase conductor cross-section
PEN Neutral/PEN conductor cross-section
Po Protective conductor cross-section
Loaded Neutral
Results
IB Transformer Nominal intensity calculated with on load voltage (between phases)
STH Theoretical cross-section calculated according to overload condition
dU total Voltage drop % at MSB level from transformer
Ik2/3 Max Max short-circuit current two-phase or three-phase on MSB (in A)
Ik1 Max Max short-circuit current single-phase on MSB (in A)
Ik1/2 Min Mini short-circuit current on MSB (in A) (Single with Neutral, two-phase without
Neutral)
If Default short circuit current (phase - PE), at MSB level (in A)
Circuit Glossary
Circuit
Upstream Distribution upstream reference mark
Ref Mark Circuit reference mark (15 characters maximum)
Style Circuit style (model)
D/Origin Connecting distance from the beginning of the Busbar trunking system
Bus Bar Upstream sub-busbar Ref Mark
Supply Circuit supply (Normal, Standby, N and S)
Content Wiring system distribution (3P+N+PE, P+N+PE…)
Designation Circuit designation (36 characters maximum)
Index Circuit modification index
Protection
Type Type of protective device used (General purpose Breaker, C curve breaker, B curve
breaker…)
Indirect Contacts Protection against indirect contacts
Rating Circuit breakers rating or support rating (Switch, disconnector or Disconnector switch)
or fuse rating
K on C Oversizing factor for overload setting
Thermal relay Thermal relay reference
In/Irth/IrLR Circuit-breaker thermal setting or fuse rating insuring protection against overload.
IrMg/In Circuit-breaker magnetic setting insuring protection against short-circuits or fuses
rating value
Cal. gG Fuse rating
Delay (SC CC) Circuit breakers magnetic delay in ms
Differential protection Circuit breakers residual current (differential) setting in mA
setting
Delay (Prot. Diff) Time delay on RCD relay in ms
Cable
Type Type of cable (PVC, XLPE, PRC…)
Core Core nature (Copper or Aluminium)
Pole Single-core or multi-core cables
Instal method Installation method according to standard
Length(m) the cable length in meters
1st Equip(m) Distance from protective device to nearest equipment
K Temp Temperature factor on IZ (from 0.4 to 1.3 - 1.0 for 30°C)
K Group Group factor on IZ (from 0.2 to 1.3) according to installation method and number of
cables
K Additional Additional downgrading factor on IZ (explosive atmosphere 0.85, unbalanced neutral
0.84…)
Symetrical factor fs Symetrical factor (0.8) for wiring systems with cables in parallel
Total Correction Total correction factor (K Temp x K Group x K Addit x fs x Neutral factor)
Phase Phase cross-section
Neutral Neutral cross-section
PE/PEN PE or PEN cross-section
Loaded Neutral apply an additional factor of 0.84 to current carrying capacity if Neutral is loaded
Equipment
Nb Equipment number for final circuits
Consumption Consumption for each equipment (in A, W, kW, VA, kVA and kVAR)
Location Circuit Geographical location (used in cable tracks module)
TH<= 15% Level of 3rd order harmonics < 15%
15% < TH <= 33% Level of 3rd order harmonics between 15% and 33%
Use factor Circuit use factor
Coincidence factor Coincidence factor (Diversity, simultaneity) of equipments fed by same circuit
Cos phi Equipment Cosinus phi (Circuit Power Factor)
Cos phi (start) Cosinus phi at start
ID/IN Starting current, ratio between Starting current and steady current
dU max Maximum admissible voltage drop in %from beginning of installation
Circuit window Additional Tab

Manufacturer Manufacturer’s catalogue used for the protective device
Minimal Protection Protective device minimum rating (also defined in circuit style)
Icu (kA) Protection breaking capacity in kA
With backup Protection breaking capacity with backup (coordination) in kA
Thermal discrimination Thermal discrimination with upstream
Differential Differential discrimination with upstream
discrimination
Limit (A) Current discrimination limit on short-circuit in Amps
From (m) Distance from which there is total discrimination on short-circuit
Ir Diff Differential Residual Current Device adjustable in mA
Diff delay Residual Current time delay in ms
Max operating Time
IC Max operating time for a circuit-breaker protection not to exceed human protection
against electrical shocks condition (ms)
Ph Max operating time for a circuit-breaker protection not to exceed phase cable thermal
stress (ms)
PE Max operating time for a circuit-breaker protection not to exceed PE cable thermal
stress (ms)
Ne Max operating time in ms for a circuit-breaker protection not to exceed Neutral cable
thermal stress (ms)
Link width (mm) width of the wiring system on cable track
Link height (mm) Wiring system height on cable track
Weight (Kg/m) Wiring system weight for one metre in kg
Ip limited or not Maximum peak short-circuit current limited or not in kA at beginning of circuit
Results window
Cable Multicore cable conventional writing, or phase conductors if the wiring system is of
single-core type
Examples :
4G1,5 means 4 conductors out of which 1 is earth (yellow-green) (G = ground
3*50+N35 means 3 phase conductors + 1 N conductor of 35 mm2
Neutral Neutral conductors conventional writing if the wiring system is of single-core type.
PE or PEN PE/PEN conductors conventional writing if the wiring system is of single-core type.
Criterion Criterion for the phase cross-section calculation
MINI: Minimal cross-section (ex 1.5mm2 for Light, 2.5mm2 for Socket motors…)
IN : overload condition
DU : Voltage drop
IC : Indirect contacts, Human protection against electrical shocks
SC : Thermal stress after Short-Circuit
FIXED : Fixed value by user
Max Length Cable maximal length to keep protection and circuit design conditions
IB (A) Circuit design current directly deducted from consumption in A
STH (mm²) Theoretical cross-section calculated in mm2, according to overload condition.
IZ (A) Current carrying capacity of the wiring system, adjusted with correction factors
This value gives the maximum protection thermal setting.
dU circuit (%) Circuit voltage drop in % on the cable length
dU total (%) Total Voltage drop in % from source supply
dU start Voltage drop at start (motors) or when switching on (lights)
Ik2/3 Max Maximum two-phase or three-phase short-circuit current (in A) at the end of the circuit
Ik1 Max Maximum single-phase short-circuit current (in A) at the end of the circuit
Ik2 Min Maximum two-phase short-circuit current (in A) at the end of the circuit
Ik1 Min Minimum single-phase short-circuit current (in A)at the end of the circuit
If Fault current (phase/PE) or double fault in case of IT system (in A) at the end of the
circuit
IrMg Max Maximum magnetic setting of protective device.
Ik UpStr/DwnStr IK Max Upstream / Downstream the wiring system in kA.
Discrimination Discrimination (selectivity) with upstream on short-circuit.
Backup Back-up protection (IEC 60947-2 Annex A) with or without association (coordination)
with upstream protective device.
Magnetic Standard, low or electronic according to chosen device.
L Track (m) Track length
Link Price Cable price (material)
Circuit state OK
To recalculate : circuit must be re-calculated (change in some data)
Cable not correct : circuit in which cable cross-section ahs been fixed to a value too
small
Protection not correct : protective device with settings not correct
Board Glossary
Ref mark Board Downstream Ref mark.
Designation Board designation
Coincidence factor t Diversity/Simultaneity factor for circuits fed by the considered board.
Geographical location Equipment geographical location.
Earthing system Board Earthing system : TT, TNC, TNS, IT
Voltage between phase and neutral, in a single phase board (Phase-Neutral),
between phases in other cases
No load voltage No load voltage in V, used to calculate Ik3 Max.
Upstream circuit ref Circuit Upstream ref mark. (feeding board)
mark
Breaking device Board breaking device (generally a switching device in distribution
boards).
IC Protection Nature of the human protection against electrical shock (RCD…)
I Allowed Allowed current downstream board.
I available Available current downstream board.
S Intensities Design current IB sum of all circuits issued from the board multiplied
by the board diversity/simultaneity factor.
Mean cos phi Mean cosinus phi at board level, taking into account downstream
circuits and eventual capacitors
R=S IZ cables / Irth Ration between :
board Sum of IZ of downstream circuits (IZ calculated without taking into
account group factor) and upstream thermal relay setting.
UPS Glossary
Power Power in kVA
Tsc sustaining time of the UPS in ms
Ik3 Maximum three-phase short-circuit current (in A)
Ik2 Maximum two-phase short-circuit current (in A)
Ik1 Maximum single-phase short-circuit current (in A)
If Fault current (phase/PE) (in A)

Calculation and Diagrams Software For Low Voltage Electrical Installations

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for Low Voltage Electrical installations

Camino Cerro de los Gamos

ENTRY AND SETTING OF CIRCUITS ......................................................................................... 29

CIRCUIT CALCULATION .............................................................................................................. 47

INTERPRETING THE RESULTS ................................................................................................... 55

DISCRIMINATION - COORDINATION ........................................................................................... 65

STANDBY SUPPLY ....................................................................................................................... 69

STYLES BLOCKS ......................................................................................................................... 73

PRACTICAL WORKSHOPS .......................................................................................................... 95

APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................... 103

DESIGN CALCULATION METHODS FOR LV ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

METHOD 1: FROM DOWNSTREAM TO UPSTREAM

Source power is calculated based on currents in

Current in the circuit MSB

METHOD 2: FROM UPSTREAM TO DOWNSTREAM

PARTICULAR FUNCTIONALITIES OF CANECO BT

THREE TOOLS FOR ENTERING CIRCUITS

Board Single-Line diagram tool for

Spreadsheet tool for entering circuit

AUTOMATIC DESIGN OF POWER CIRCUITS

GENERATION OF A CUSTOMISABLE TECHNICAL FOLDER

OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION INTERFACE

Project tree structure

Calculation report containing

"List of Folders" project tree structure

Allows access to all information relating to your project:

After circuit calculations, useful

Certain comments are followed by a

This list is available in Help in the

"Reach circuit" takes you to the

"Help on remark" displays a balloon

This window summarises all the fundamental calculation results :

An appropriate reading of this window allows an effective analysis

are activated from the "Display" option in the

DATA ENTRY TOOLS

Data entry tool Spreadsheet

Data entry tool Board Single-Line Diagram

Data entry tool Network Single-Line Diagram

NETWORK SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM

BOARD SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM

The advantage of the board

This tool also enables the user

The board single-line diagram can show

The choice is made in the "Board single-line

Condensed representation Representation as printed

This board (T_001) feeds all the circuits in the window

- Each line represents a circuit

To change the ref mark of a

THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF

Example of functional configurations (source with 2 transformers)

Calculation of iks (short-circuit currents)

Ik Min: Calculated with the smallest number of

SETTING THE SOURCE

Standard Selection of Standard used for the project

Choice of Source Neutral Point Connection (TNC by default)

Polarity 3P + N + PE : 3-phase installation (TNS by default)

T HV Prot Func HV protection operating time:

Total length of circuit

Choice of installation method; this parameter is taken over

Choice of type of wiring system (will be taken over by

Imposed Field Help

- if you start your installation from a distribution board in an existing installation