DELTA WING R.C.

PLANE

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Chandkheda, Ahmadabad

Affiliated

APOLLO INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

ENASAN, AHMEDABAD

A report on:

(DELTA WING R.C.PLANE)

Under subject of

DESIGN ENGINEERING - 2B
B.E. semester 6

(Aeronautical engineering)

Submitted by:

Sr. Name of student Enrolment no.

1 Babariya Maulik Jaysukhbhai 161280101002
2 Chauhan Tulsidas Hasmukhbhai 161280101010
3 Delawala Muhammad Bashirbhai 161280101014
4 Kaswala Kishan Bakulbhai 161280101022

Faculty guide:
Prof. Sujeet Pandey

Head of department:
Prof.Pritesh Modi

Academic year
(2018-19)

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APOLLO INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

ENASAN, AHMEDABAD

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Delta wing R.C. plane” has been carried out by Babariya
Maulik (161280101002), Chauhan Tulsidas (161280101010), Delawala Muhammad (161280101014),
Kaswala Kishan (161280101022) under my guidance in fulfilment Of 3rd year, 6th semester Aeronautical
Engineering have successfully completed the Design Engineering Project report and presented the same as
per guidelines of Gujarat Technological University on “Delta wing R.C. plane.”

DATE OF SUBMISSION:

Prof. Sujeet Pandey Prof. Pritesh Modi

(Faculty Guide) (Head of the Department)

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

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INDEX

SR.NO TOPIC PAGE

1 INTRODUCTION 4
2 WORKING PRINCIPLE 5
3 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE 8
4 CANVASES 9
4.1 OBSERVATION (AEIOU) CANVAS 9
4.2 EMPATHY MAPPING CANVAS 11
4.3 IDEATION CANVAS 12
4.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS 14
4.5 LEARNING NEED MATRIX CANVAS 15
5 APPLICATION AND CONCLUSION 16

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1. INTRODUCTION
• R.c. plane often called as a radio controlled plane is a flying machine that can be controlled
remotely by an operator on the ground using a transmitter. the transmitter communicates
with a receiver within the plane that sends signals to servomechanism which move the
control surface based on the position of joysticks on the transmitter. The control which
affect the orientation of the plane.
• There are many types of R.C. plane, for beginner there are park flyer and trainer; for more
experienced there are jets, pylon racers, autogyros and other high end competition aircrafts.
• The delta wing is a wing shaped in the form of a triangle. It is named for its similarity in
shape to the Greek uppercase letter delta. Delta wing is the one of the fastest moving
airplane. its sweep angle of wing help it to overcome the drag and flies in a greater speed
than a normal wing plane.
• So in this project we are creating a delta wing R.C. plane
• Components which are used in the delta wing R.C.plane is as below:
Battery – powers the motor.
Engine/motor – turns the propeller.
Propeller – turns and impels the aircraft forward.
Recharger – charge the battery.
Air controller – controls the flight of plane.
Transmitter – operator uses this to control the aircraft.
Servos – operate the elevator of the delta wing plane.
Foam body – the main structure of the R.C. plane.

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2. WORKING PRINCIPLE
• Aeronautics is the study of science of flight. R.C. planes are small model radio controlled
airplanes that using electric motor. The RC airplanes are flown remotely with the help of the
transmitter with joystick that can be used to fly the aircraft and perform different
manoeuvres. The transmitter also comes with the receiver which is installed inside the
model R.C. airplanes which receives the commands send by the transmitter and controls
the servos. The servos are small motors which are mechanically linked to the control
surface e.g. aileron for roll control elevator for pitch control. The servos moves the control
rods which in turn moves the control surface be it elevator, flaps, aileron or rudder. An RC
plane can be controlled in flight by using the transmitter from where one can control pitch,
yaw and roll of one’s RC airplane and one can also control the throttle settings. The receiver
which accepts the transmitter signal and servos which attached to it are run on
rechargeable batteries. Here we used the li-po battery.
• Block diagram of the delta wing RC plane process is as below:

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• Generally RC planes are consisting of straight type wing which is easy to make the control.
For the delta shape wing, it gives high speed flight as will as easy design, manufacturing
and strength. As the angle of attack increase the leading edge of the wing generates a
vortex which energizes the flow and giving delta a very high stall angle. In delta wing airflow
is divided into two components on the leading edge. One component is perpendicular to the
leading edge and other component is parallel to this edge. Only the first component is
essential in lift generating, while the parallel component produces drag force. Therefore in
these wings lift to drag ratio is lower than other wings.
• The basic aerodynamics applied to the delta wing is define by the below figure.

• Here the flow pattern over the top of delta wing and small angle of attack shown in the
figure. The flow on the bottom of the surface of the delta wing is try to curve from bottom to
top around the leading edge of the delta wing. If the leading edge is so sharp then flow will
separate along the entire length. This separated flow forms primary vortex which adjust
above the wing as shown in figure. The stream surface which has separated at leading
edge are reattached along primary attachment line.
• The secondary vortex formed underneath of primary vortex with its own separation line and
attachment line.
• Leading edge vortices are strong and stable hence surface pressure near to the leading
edge is reduce on the top surface which creates a suction effect.
• The slope of lift coefficient to its angle of attack is in order of 0.05 degree. But the lift is
continue to increase up to the large angle of attack hence angle of attack for stall for delta
wing is about 35 degree.
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• For the delta wing R.C. plane flight simulation gives a good perspective meshing and fluid
flow around the wing. If the pressure difference decreases the lift will also decreases. As
well if the pressure difference increases the lift will increase.
• Below figure shows the velocity magnitude distribution of the delta wing R.C. plane. Here
the velocity magnitude will change with the change of angle of attack of the delta wing.

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3. Objectives and scope

• In full scale delta wing R.C. plane, the benefits of a delta wing are that it minimizes
wingspan. Because of the wings large surface area compared to its span, it can be built
stronger and stiffer, and also has a grater internal volume for fuel storage. It’s also cheaper
and easier to build, making it popular among cheaper fighter planes.
• At supersonic speeds, the delta wing keeps the shock cone behind its leading edge, giving
it more stable supersonic flight characteristics.
• At high angle of attack for the delta wing the airflow at the leading edge of the wings rolls
up into leading edge vortices that reduce the pressure above the by inducing higher
velocities, which helps in increasing the lift of the delta wing R.C. plane.
• Also the shock wave which build up along the nose of the aircraft, which then flow
backwards to the wings. The shape of delta wings keeps it clear of these shock waves and
producing stable flight characteristics when near, at and above the speed of sound.
• There are wide scopes of the delta wing R.C. plane.
In military purpose
In warfare purpose
In surveillance purpose
In aerial photography
In magnetic surveys
In entertainments or shooting the film
In race or competition of aircraft
• So these are the scopes of the delta wing R.C. planes.

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4. Canvases
4.1 observation canvas (AEIOU canvas):
• TAXONOMIES:

AEIOU has 5 aspects:

A: Activity

E: Environment

I: Interaction

O: object

U: users

• Activities are aim sets of actions towards things people want to achieve. What are the
modes people work in, and the specific activities and processes they go through?

• Environments include the entire area where activities take place. What is the charity and
function of the space, of each individual's spaces, and of shared spaces?

• Interactions are between a people and other people; they are the main building blocks of
activities. Nature of convection and special interactions between people, between people
and objects in their environment, and across distances.

• Objects are elementary unit of the environment, key elements sometimes put to complex or
undemanding uses. What are the elements and devices people have in their environments
and how do they describe to their activities.

• Users are the people whose behaviours, references, and needs are being observed. Who is
there? What are their roles and social responsibility what are their values and information?

• Activity :
Activities that are done in the delta wing R.C. plane are as below:
To takeoff the R.C. plane
To land the R.C. plane
To transmits the signal to receiver
To throttle the aircraft to start it
To control the delta wing R.C. plane
• Environment:
Environment for R.C. plane is as below:
Good weather condition for the flying the R.C. plane
Remote controlling of the transmitter should be accurate
Made of the delta wing
Made of the foam board so light in weight
Air controller on the R.C. plane should be accurate in mechanism.

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• Interaction :
The interactions which are created in the delta wing R.C. planes are as below:
The signal receives by the receiver from the transmitter.
The movements of the servos due to the change in the transmitter
The changes in the lift or movement of the R.C. plane because of the signal applies to the
air controller from transmitter
• Objects :
The objects on the delta wing R.C. plane is as below :
Transmitter
Receiver
Servos
Battery
Propeller
Dc motor
• Users :
There are many users for the delta wing R.C. plane like for the surveillance purpose, for the
military purpose soldiers uses it, in the warfare this type are mostly used, small model of
this type of plane for aerial photography.

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4.2 Empathy mapping canvas:

• This canvas comprises of the 3 functions which are users, stakeholders and activities.

• Story boarding:

Happy story: Delta wing minimizes the wingspan and due to the large root chord it gives
the high internal fuel volume even at the low thickness compared to other aircraft.
Happy story: because of the delta wing the plane has sufficient leading edge sweep, a
delta wing produces vortex lift, so flow separation can be turned into a means of increasing
lift.

Sad story: the large wing area causes more viscous drag for same amount of lift compared
to high aspect ratio.
Sad story: delta wing plane requires a more fuel compared to other aircraft. so it is costly
compared to other aircraft

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4.3 ideation canvas:

• The ideation canvas comprises of

People related with system.

Activities of people

Situation/Context/Location of various problems of people

Props/Possible solution of problems

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• People :
People who are attached with this are as below:
Soldiers
Students
Customer
Retailer
Operators
Buyers
Guider

• Activities:
Activities in this process is as below
Transmitting the signal
Flying the aircraft
Controlling of the joystick
Landing
Checking of servos
Takeoff
Changes in the servos
Running motor after signal transmitted
Receiving the signal
Signal of the air controller

• Situation/context/location:
The situation must be reliable for the flying the R.C. plane
The weather is in good condition
Location area should be clear for some distance for takeoff
To have launching area for launch
Location on the ground for best output

• Props/tools/objects/equipments:
The tools and objects or equipment used in the delta wing rc plane is as below:
Transmitter
Tape
Foam board
Glue gun
Servos
Receiver
Battery
Cutter
Air controller
Motor
Wires

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4.4 product development canvas:

• This canvas comprises of purpose of project, people connected, experience and feelings of
the people, product function and component required.

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4.5 learning need matrix:

• Learning Needs Matrix will help students to analyze the learning regiments at an early stage
along with priorities of specific learning along with defined time duration/ time period for
each learning priority.

• Identification will be focused on listing out both.

• The learning, which is included in some subject of the formal syllabus of our branch.

• The learning, which is required for solving the Design problem and which may not be
included in the established syllabus of the other subjects.

• All such learning, required for developing the product, should be considered to be required
to be studied for the group of students, who are working on the product. It may include
learning of specific arts.

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6. Application and conclusion:

• Application:
In military purpose
In warfare purpose
In surveillance purpose
In aerial photography
In magnetic surveys
In entertainments or shooting the film.
In race or competition of aircraft.

• Conclusion :
So from the delta wing R.C. plane we can conclude that it has stronger and stiffer body and
also a large internal volume for storage which is more than the any of the aircraft. Also
because of its high speed it can be used for the military purpose.

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