AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

Landing gear is the undercarriage of an aircraft or spacecraft, and is used in both takeoff

and landing.

For aircraft, the landing gear supports the craft when it is not flying, allowing it to take

off, land, and taxi without damage. Wheels are typically used but skids, skis, floats or a

combination of these and other elements can be deployed depending both on the surface

and on whether the craft only operates vertically or is able to taxi along the surface.

Faster aircraft usually have retractable undercarriages, which folds away during flight to

reduce air resistance or drag.

For launch vehicles and spacecraft landers, the landing gear is typically designed to

support the vehicle only post-flight, and are not used for takeoff or surface movement.

Aircraft landing gear usually includes wheels equipped with simple shock absorbers, or

more advanced air/oil oleo struts, for runway and rough terrain landing. Some aircraft are

equipped with skis for snow or floats for water

 TYPE OF LANDING GEAR ARRANGEMENTS

CONVENTIONAL LANDING GEAR

Conventional landing gear, or tailwheel-type landing gear, is an aircraft undercarriage

consisting of two main wheels forward of the center of gravity and a small wheel or skid

to support the tail. The term taildragger is also used, although some claim it should apply

only to those aircraft with a tail skid rather than a wheel.

TRICYCLE LANDING GEAR

Tricycle gear is a type of aircraft undercarriage, or landing gear, arranged in a tricycle

fashion. The tricycle arrangement has a single nose wheel in the front, and two or more

main wheels slightly aft of the center of gravity. Tricycle gear aircraft are the easiest to

take-off, land and taxi, and consequently the configuration is the most widely used on

aircraft
 AIRBUS A 350 XWB

The Airbus A350 XWB is a family of long-range, twin-engine wide-body jet airliners

developed by European aircraft manufacturer Airbus. The A350 is the first Airbus with

both fuselage and wing structures made primarily of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer. Its

variants seat 280 to 366 passengers in typical three-class seating layouts. The A350 is

positioned to succeed the A330 and A340, and compete with Boeing's 787 and 777.
 A 350 LANDING GEAR

Messier-Bugatti-Dowty is responsible for the design, development, qualification testing,

manufacture and support of the main landing gear for the A350-900 aircraft.

The A350-900 main landing gear is a completely new design, featuring the latest in

proven landing gear technology to achieve low weight, high reliability and low cost of

ownership.

The design includes the increased use of advanced materials, in particular high strength

titanium, corrosion resistant steels and HVOF (High velocity oxygen fuel) coatings which

are compliant with new environmental requirements.

Messier-Bugatti-Dowty engineers worked with Airbus from the start of the aircraft

development to optimise integration of the landing gear into the aircraft. The A350-900

main landing gear is an excellent example of concurrent engineering between the

program team in Gloucester and Messier-Bugatti-Dowty's global manufacturing

operations. The main gear components have been produced across the company's

manufacturing facilities in France, Canada, China and the UK. Final assembly of the

main gear is carried out at the company's new twin aisle landing gear flow line at

Gloucester. The A350-900 main landing gear provides a robust solution which will

reduce maintenance actions and extend the overhaul period, thus reducing the cost of

ownership for operators. Messier-Bugatti-Dowty also provides wheel and carbon brakes

for the A350, as well as the landing gear extension-retraction system, monitoring system,

steering system and braking system.

ARRANGEMENT OF TIRES
1. MLG SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The two MLGs are mounted in the LH and RH wing just outboard of the wing root within

the trailing edge. The MLGs retract sideways into bays in the fuselage. Each MLG has a

four wheel twin-tandem bogie. Each MLG has one related main door operated by a single

door actuator. Each MLG has a gear uplock and a door uplock. The MLG has a double

side stay arrangement to improve load distribution on the composite wing. Each side stay

has a separate lock stay assembly to provide a positive means to lock the landing gear in

the extended position for landing and ground manoeuvres. Each MLG leg contains a

single-stage oleo shock strut consisting of a sliding piston and a main fitting that is

supported by the two folding side stays and pivots on the top of the main fitting for

extension/retraction. In flight, the MLGs are retracted and locked up. The MLG doors are

closed and locked to enclose the MLG bay in flight and on the ground, only opening

when the landing gear is extending or retracting. Hydraulic power for the MLG

extension/retraction comes from the Green Hydraulic System.

2. NLG SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The NLG is located in the forward lower fuselage on the aircraft centerline below the

cockpit. It is forward retracting and consists of a twin wheel axle mounted on a main

fitting that incorporates a single-stage oleo shock strut supported by a forward drag stay.

The NLG main fitting accommodates the steering assembly for the NWS system. In

flight, the NLG is retracted and locked up while the four sideways opening NLG Doors

are closed and locked to enclose the NLG bay. The two forward doors are each operated

by two independent door actuators. When retracted, the NLG is held by an uplock and the

two main NLG doors are held by a single door uplock assembly, containing an uplock

hook for each door. The hydraulically powered Forward NLG Doors are also closed after

the NLG is extended. The aft doors are mechanically driven and remain open when the

NLG is extended. Hydraulic power for the NLG extension/retraction comes from the

Yellow hydraulic system.

3. LANDING GEAR EXTENSION AND RETRACTION SYSTEM

The Landing Gear Extension and Retraction System is made up of three sub-systems:

- Normal extension and retraction system, for normal extension and retraction

- Alternate extension system, for extension in flight if the normal system is unavailable

- Ground door opening system, to allow on-ground access to the landing gear bays for

maintenance purposes.