Important People in Psychology

 William James - functionalist perspective

 BF Skinner – behaviourist, operant conditioning, chamber box
 Ivan Pavlov – behaviourist, classical conditioning
 Wilhelm Wundt – founder of the structural perspective
 Sigmund Freud – psychoanalytic perspective
 John Watson – behaviourist, Little Albert experiment
 Mary Cover Jones – counter conditioning
 Hans Selye – general adaptation syndrome
 Elisabeth Kübler-Ross – theorised that people go through five stages of reaction
when faced with death.
 Albert Bandura – social cognitive theory, self-efficacy, Bobo doll experiment
 Herman Ebbinghaus – learning curving, forgetting curve, spacing effect
 Wolfgang Kohler – insight learning
 Edward Thorndike – law of effect
 John Garcia – taste aversion, proved that the UCS did not need immediately fol-
low the CS in classical conditioning, but could be delayed and still be effective
 Abraham Maslow – humanist, hierarchy of needs, self-actualisation
 Lawrence Kohlberg – developmental psychologist, theory of moral develop-
ment
 Jean Piaget – developmental psychologists, Piaget’s theory
 Lev Vygotsky – developmental psychologist, Vygotsky’s theory
 Carl Rodgers – humanist, client centred therapy
 Martin Seligman – learned helplessness
 Joseph Wolpe – systematic desensitisation
 Fritz Perls – Gestalt therapy
 Aaron Beck – cognitive therapist, Beck’s cognitive therapy
 Albert Ellis – Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy
 Hans Eysenck – argued that psychotherapy wasn’t effective
 Dr Antonio Egas Moniz – developed the lobotomy
 Walter Freeman – modified Moniz’s technique and developed the transorbital
lobotomy
 James W. Watts – modified Moniz’s technique and developed the transorbital
lobotomy