1. (i) Construct a forward difference table for f (x) = x3 + 2x + 1 for x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
(ii) By constructing a forward difference table and taking the 2nd differences as constants find the next term in the series 8, 12, 19, 29, 42. (iii) Find ∆10 (1 − ax)(1 − bx2 )(1 − cx3 )(1 − dx4 ) when h = 1. (iv) Show that ∆n sin(ax + b) = (2 sin a2 )n sin(ax + b + n( a+π 2 )).
(ii) Find the missing value: x: 0 1 2 3 4 y: 1 3 9 - 81 (iii) Find the missing value: x: 0 1 2 3 4 5 y: 0 - 8 15 - 35 3. Find the interpolating polynomial for the following data: f (−1) = 0, f (0) = 1, f (1) = 2. How many polynomials of degree 3 satisfy above data? 4. Find the value of sin 320 : x: 30 35 40 45 50 sin x: 0.50 0.5736 0.6428 0.7071 0.7660 5. In an exam the number of students who obtained marks between certain limits were as follows: Marks: 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 No. of students: 31 42 51 35 31 Find the number of students whose score lie between 45 and 50. 6. ∗ From the following data find the value of f (84): x: 40 50 60 70 80 90 f (x): 180 204 226 250 276 304 √ 7. (i) Find an approximation to 3 correct up to 2 decimal places using bisection method. (ii) Compute one real root of ex − 3x = 0 up to 2 decimal places by bisection method. (iii) A root of the equation x3 + x − 4 = 0 lies in the interval (1, 4). Find the minimum number of iterations necessary to obtain an approximation to this root with an error less than 10−3 by bisection method. (iv) The function f (x) = (x − 1)(x − 2)(x − 3)(x − 4)(x − 5) has five roots in the interval [0, 7]. If the bisection method is applied in this interval, which of the roots is located? 8. (i) Find a root of the equation sin x = 10(x − 1) numerically by fixed point theorem. (ii) Find a root of the equation x3 + x2 − 1 = 0 which lies in the interval (0, 1). (iii) Find a root of x3 − sin x − 1 = 0 correct up to two decimal places by fixed point iteration method. 9. (i) Find a real root of ex = 4x by Newton-Raphson method. (ii) Approximate the real zeros of f (x) = x3 − x − 1 by Newton-Raphson method starting with initial choices (a) x0 = 2 (b) x0 = 0 (c) x0 = −2. Explain what happens. (iii) The equation lnx = x − 2 has 2 solutions. Approximate them using Newton-Raphson method. What happens if x0 = 21 is the initial point? (iv) Find a root of x − 2 sin x − 3 = 0 correct up to 3 decimal places by Newton-Raphson method.