Intelligent System for Aiding Farming Process

Sahil Khedeskar Mohit Rokade Bhargav Patil Tatwadarshi P.N.

Computer Engineering
VIVA Institute of
Technology
Mumbai, India
sahil.khedaskar@gmail.com
Computer Engineering
VIVA Institute of
Technology
Mumbai, India
mohitrokade9@gmail.com
Computer Engineering Asst. Prof. (Computer Engg.)
VIVA Institute of VIVA Institute of
Technology Technology
Mumbai, India Mumbai, India
bhargavpatil1996@gmail.com tatwardarshipn@gmail.com

Abstract—Modern agriculture requires field machinery
capable of precise and repeatable operations based on models of
systems and processes. The efficiency of the design process and
the performance of the mechanisms can be improved
considerably through concurrent, integrated development. Such
advanced systems with modern feedback controllers can generate
significant demands for data processing and require substantial
communications bandwidth.
There are many systems at present that can identify plant, detect
disease of plants that makes farming easy but there is no such
system which can help a person learn agriculture in real time.
Looking at present climatic conditions the conventional farming
techniques are not that useful, there is need in upgrading that
process. Although government takes seminars by going to
villages and help them to learn modern farming techniques but it
requires lot of time. This system will be an intelligent system for
aiding farming process. This system makes use of image
processing techniques like grey scale conversion, image
segmentation, characteristics extraction and Artificial Neural
Network as Classification. With the help of this the system can
identifies the Stage of a plant and with the help of this
information actions are suggested to the user for proper farming.
Information that can help farmers upgrade their farming
techniques or teach a common man the perfect techniques of
farming instantly by a picture.
Keywords—Image Processing; Artificial Neural Network
[ANN].
I. INTRODUCTION
Image processing is a technique to transform an image into
digital form and execute some actions on it, in order to get a
better image or to extract some useful data from it. It is a form
of signal dispensation in which input is image and the system
process that image using efficient algorithms, and output may
be image or features associated with that image. Usually
Image Processing system includes treating images as two
dimensional signals while applying already set signal
processing methods to them. The processing stages start with
image segmentation. There is some expectation from image
segmentation algorithms. First of them is the speed. While
segmenting an image, we do not want to spend much time.
The second is good shape connectivity of the object. This
insure better results in image recognition. If the result of
segmenting shape is incomplete, it is needed to take many
resources to record the boundaries of the over-segment results.
In computer vision, picture division is the way toward
parceling an advanced picture into various sections. The
objective of division is to disentangle or potentially change the
portrayal of a picture into something that is more important
and less demanding to examine. Picture division is regularly
used to find articles and limits in pictures. All the more
absolutely, picture division is the way toward allotting a mark
to each pixel in a picture to such an extent that pixels with a
similar name share certain attributes [1].
Division is for the most part the primary stage in any
endeavor to dissect or translate a picture consequently [3].
Division conquers any hindrance between low-level picture
preparing and abnormal state picture handling. A few sorts of
division procedure will be found in any application including
the discovery, acknowledgment, and estimation of items in
pictures.
Machine learning is firmly identified with (and frequently
covers with) computational insights, which likewise
concentrates on expectation making using PCs. It has solid
connections to scientific enhancement, which conveys
techniques, hypothesis and application spaces to the field.
Machine learning is here and there conflated with information
mining, where the last subfield concentrates more on
exploratory information examination and is known as
unsupervised learning. Machine learning can likewise be
unsupervised and be utilized to learn and set up standard
behavioral profiles for different elements and afterward used
to discover significant inconsistencies.
II. RELATED WORK
By using the image processing techniques like image
segmentation, grayscale conversion, feature extraction, edge
detection, etc. it is easy to identify the further processes on
any image. Machine learning is a platform where there are
different algorithms, which can be applied for the different
processes at the different stages for any image. These
algorithms help the image processing techniques to identify
the stages of the plants using image segmentation, grayscale
conversion, feature extraction, comparison image using ANN
Algorithm.
III. PROPOSED WORK
The working of the system can be explained using process
flow diagram. In this system we are going to identify the
various stages and lifecycle of the mustard plant. The system
will take an image as the input. With the help of grayscale
conversion the system will convert the image into black and
white. Segmentation will divide the grayscale output in
different layers. ANN will help the different layers to perform
different kinds of transformations on their inputs. The feature
extraction will take the color and shape of the leaves to
identify the stage of the plant and depending on the stages the
system will do the prediction. Comparison of the image is
done after extraction to identify the approximate age of the
plant. And finally we get the predicted output.
Fig.1. System Flow
A. Gray Scale Conversion
The image of the spinach plant is converted into gray scale
format:-
To convert an RGB image to grayscale, system have to use
the RGB2GRAY command from the Image Processing
Toolbox.
This method will convert the image into black and white.
There are three types of formulas:
Normal Grayscale:-
(max(red, green, blue)+min(red, green, blue))
2 required to describe a large set of data. The important
Average Grayscale:-
Red+Green+Blue
3
Luminious Grayscale:-
(0.21Red+0.71Blue+0.02Green)
Luminious Grayscale conversion is the most efficient
method for the conversion of image into black and white.
B. Image Segmentation
After the gray scale conversion of the image, the image is
divided into various segments. With the help of
segmentation the system separates the layer of the image.
With a single threshold, it transforms a greyscale or colour
image into a binary image considered as a binary region
map.
C. Articial Neural Network
ANN is used to classify the image. It will make class of
different set of image. This class will define the various
stages of the plant. Once the image are classified according
to their stages then it applies extraction of features from
this particular image and store it to database which will
feathers used for the comparison.
Fig.2. ANN Classification [15]
D. Characteristics Extraction
In image processing, feature extraction starts from an
initial set of measured data and builds derived values.
When the input data to an algorithm is too large to be
processed and it is suspected to be redundant, then it can
be transformed into a reduced set of features. Feature
extraction involves reducing the amount of resources
characters on the spinach plant like colour and shape i.e.
the features of it are extracted to detect the plant stage.
E. Comparison
The key features on the plants and that feeded into the
system are compared. After comparing the key feature the
system shows the result of the different stages of the
spinach plant. After classifying the different stages of the
plant it will identify the age of the plant

Fig.3. System Architecture
IV. RESULT ANALYSIS
After the system is provided with the image it will apply
various image processing techniques on it. The main goal of
the system is that it will predict the approximate age of the
plant and will determine stage of its life cycle and will provide
the user with accurate information about the further farming
techniques required. This will be helpful in aiding farming
process, and in turn increase the productivity of the farm.
V. CONCLUSION
After extensive research and analysis of various research
papers it can be concluded that there is no system present
which could predict the lifecycle stage of a plant and its
approximate age. So, the proposed system will identify the
approximate age and will provide with proper and accurate
farming techniques which will help farmers upgrade to
modern techniques of agriculture.
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