Professional Documents
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Título
TRABAJO DE TORNO
CURSO:
Máquinas y Herramientas
CICLO:
VI
SECCION:
A
INTEGRANTES DEL EQUIPO:
Ccahuay Cercado, Juan José
Cieza Núñez, Treysi Danyeli
Eneque Flores, Alexis
Jara Roncal, Karen
López León, Alexandra
Vallejos Ruíz, Fabrizio
Venegas Gil, Henry
DOCENTE:
𝑫𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒔:
𝑙
𝐷 = 70 𝑚𝑚 𝑡=
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑙 = 300 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝐶 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷 ∗ 𝑁 ⟹ 1 𝑚Τ𝑠 = 𝜋 ∗ 70 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 𝑁
𝑎𝑉 = 0.25 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣
1 000 𝑚Τ𝑠 ∗ 60 𝑠ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝐶 = 1 𝑚Τ𝑠 𝑁= ⟹ 𝑁 = 272.98ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝜋 ∗ 70 𝑚𝑚
𝐹𝐶 = 3 𝐾𝑁
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑎𝑉 ∗ 𝑁 ⟹ 𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.25 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣 ∗ 272.98ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑈 = 2 000 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 68.25 𝑚𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑙 300 𝑚𝑚
𝑡= = ⟹ 𝑇𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝒕 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑎𝑚 68.25 𝑚𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 80 𝑚𝑚 + 75 𝑚𝑚
𝑇 = 𝐹𝐶 ∗ 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 = ⟹ 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 = 77.5 𝑚𝑚
2 2
𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝐹 80 𝑚𝑚 − 75𝑚𝑚
𝑑= ⟹ 𝑑= ⟹ 𝑑 = 2.5 𝑚𝑚
2 2
𝑃𝐶 𝐹𝐶 ∗ 𝑉𝐶 𝐹𝐶 𝐹𝐶
𝑈= = = ⟹ 2 000 𝑀𝑃𝑎 =
𝑅𝑀𝑅 𝑉𝐶 ∗ 𝑎𝑉 ∗ 𝑑 𝑎𝑉 ∗ 𝑑 0.25 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 2.5 𝑚𝑚
𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 77.5 𝑚𝑚 1𝑚
𝑇 = 𝐹𝐶 ∗ ⟹ 𝑇 = 1 250 𝑁 ∗ ∗ 3 ⟹ 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑻 = 𝟒𝟖. 𝟒𝟒 𝑵. 𝒎
2 2 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑃𝐶
𝑇= ⟹ 𝑃𝐶 = 48.44 𝑁. 𝑚 ∗ 2 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 300/𝑚𝑖𝑛 ⟹ 𝑃𝐶 = 91 260.96 𝑁. 𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
2∗𝜋∗𝑁
𝑁. 𝑚 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑃𝐶 = 91 260.96 ∗ ⟹ 𝑃𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑷𝑪 = 𝟏 𝟓𝟐𝟏. 𝟎𝟐 𝑾
𝑚𝑖𝑛 60 𝑠
൫𝑁. 𝑚ൗ𝑠൯. 𝑠൘
𝐹𝐶 = 4 𝑊. 𝑠ൗ𝑚𝑚3 ∗ 0.508 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 0.254 𝑚𝑚 = 4 𝑚𝑚3 ∗ 0.508 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 0.254 𝑚𝑚
25.4 𝑚𝑚 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1𝑚
𝑃𝐶 = 𝐹𝐶 ∗ 𝑉𝐶 ⟹ 𝑃𝐶 = 516.13 𝑁 ∗ 615.44 𝑖𝑛ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ ∗ ∗
1 𝑖𝑛 60 𝑠 1 000 𝑚𝑚
1 𝐻𝑝
𝑃𝐶 = 134.47 𝑊 ∗ ⟹ 𝑃𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑷𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖 𝑯𝒑
745.7 𝑊
𝐷𝑓 = 84 𝑚𝑚 90𝑚𝑚 + 88𝑚𝑚
1° 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑑. ∶ 𝐷𝑓 = 90𝑚𝑚 − 2ሺ1𝑚𝑚ሻ = 88𝑚𝑚; 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 =
2
𝑙 = 180 𝑚𝑚 300 1𝑚
= 89𝑚𝑚; 𝑉𝐶1 = 𝜋 ∗ 89𝑚𝑚 ∗ ∗ = 𝟖𝟑. 𝟖𝟒 𝒎ൗ𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑎𝑣 = 0.15 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 000𝑚𝑚
88𝑚𝑚 + 86𝑚𝑚
𝑁 = 300 𝑟𝑝𝑚 2° 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑑. ∶ 𝐷𝑓 = 88𝑚𝑚 − 2ሺ1𝑚𝑚ሻ = 86𝑚𝑚; 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 =
2
𝑑 = 1 𝑚𝑚 300 1𝑚
= 87𝑚𝑚; 𝑉𝐶1 = 𝜋 ∗ 87𝑚𝑚 ∗ ∗ = 𝟖𝟏. 𝟗𝟓 𝒎ൗ𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 000𝑚𝑚
86𝑚𝑚 + 84𝑚𝑚
3° 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑑. ∶ 𝐷𝑓 = 86𝑚𝑚 − 2ሺ1𝑚𝑚ሻ = 84𝑚𝑚; 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 =
2
300 1𝑚
= 85𝑚𝑚; 𝑉𝐶1 = 𝜋 ∗ 85𝑚𝑚 ∗ ∗ = 𝟖𝟎. 𝟎𝟕 𝒎ൗ𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 000𝑚𝑚
b) El tiempo total empleado en el mecanizado.
Velocidad de avance:
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑎𝑣 ∗ 𝑁
𝑙 180 𝑚𝑚 mm rev
𝑡1 = ⟹ 𝑡1 = 𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.15 ∗ 300
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 45 𝑚𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛 rev min
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 45 mm/min
𝒕𝟏 = 𝟒 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝝅
𝑽𝒐𝒍 = ∗ 𝑫𝟐 ∗ 𝒍
𝟒
𝝅
𝑽𝒐𝒍 = ∗ ሺ𝑫𝒊 𝟐 − 𝑫𝒇 𝟐 ሻ ∗ 𝒍
𝟒
3.14
𝑽𝒐𝒍 = ∗ [ሺ90𝑚𝑚ሻ2 − ሺ84𝑚𝑚ሻ2 ] ∗ 180𝑚𝑚
4
𝐹𝑆
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠: 𝜏 = ⟹ 𝐹𝑆 = 𝜏 ∗ 𝐴𝑆
𝐴𝑆
𝐷𝑖 −𝐷𝑓
𝑉𝐶 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷 ∗ 𝑁 ⟹ 𝑑= 2
𝐷𝑓 = 𝐷𝑖 − 2𝑑 ⟹ 𝐷𝑓 = 80 𝑚𝑚 − 2ሺ5 𝑚𝑚ሻ = 70 𝑚𝑚
𝐷𝑖 + 𝐷𝑓 80 𝑚𝑚 + 70 𝑚𝑚
𝐷𝑖á𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 = = = 75 𝑚𝑚
2 2
1𝑚 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒: 𝑃𝐶 = 12 250.23 𝑁 ∗ 70 650 𝑚𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ ∗
1 000 𝑚𝑚 60 𝑠
𝑷𝑪 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟒𝟐 𝑲𝑾
𝑬𝒍 𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒒𝒖𝒆 𝒅𝒆 𝒍𝒂 𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂
𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 75 𝑚𝑚 1𝑚
𝑇 = 𝐹𝐶 ∗ ⟹ 𝑇 = 12 250.23 𝑁 ∗ ∗ ⟹ 𝑻 = 𝟒𝟓𝟗. 𝟑𝟖 𝑵. 𝒎
2 2 1 000 𝑚𝑚
𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑓 60 𝑚𝑚 − 55 𝑚𝑚
𝑑= ⟹ 𝑑= = 2.5 𝑚𝑚 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟓 𝒎
2 2
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑓𝑎𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒
𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒.
47.5 𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝐶 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷 ∗ 𝑁 ⟹ 47.5 𝑚ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝜋 ∗ 0.06 𝑚 ∗ 𝑁 ⟹ 𝑁=
𝜋 ∗ 0.06 𝑚
𝑁 = 252.12Τ𝑚𝑖𝑛 ⟹ 𝐿𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑠 250 𝑟𝑝𝑚.
𝑃𝐶
⋕ 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒 ∶ 𝑃𝑔 = ⟹ 𝑃𝐶 = 𝑃𝑔 ∗ 𝜂 = 8 𝑘𝑊 ∗ 0.95 ⟹ 𝑃𝐶 = 7.6 𝑘𝑊
𝜂
𝑃𝐶 𝑃𝐶 𝑃𝐶 7 600 𝑁. 𝑚ൗ𝑠
𝐾𝑆 = = ⇒ 𝑎𝑉 = =
𝑅𝑀𝑅 𝑉𝐶 ∗ 𝑎𝑉 ∗ 𝑑 𝐾𝑆 ∗ 𝑉𝐶 ∗ 𝑑 ሺ0.5 ∗ 1012 ሻ 𝑁ൗ 2 ∗ 0.75 𝑚Τ𝑠 ∗ 0.0025 𝑚
𝑚
𝒂𝑽 = 𝟖. 𝟏𝟏 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝒎 = 𝟖. 𝟏𝟏 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎𝒎
𝑙 𝑙 180 𝑚𝑚
𝑡= = = 𝒕 = 𝟖𝟖. 𝟕𝟖 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑉 ∗ 𝑁 8.11 ∗ 10−3 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 250ൗ
𝑚𝑖𝑛
7. En un torno horizontal serán mecanizadas barras cilíndricas de 237 mm de
largo y 60 mm de diámetro. En cada una de ellas se desea cilindrar hasta 48,4
mm de diámetro.
Para el avance se utiliza 0.2 y 0.8 mm/Rev, y la velocidad de rotación a usar en
el husillo es 128 rpm y 207 rpm. Se ha programado el siguiente procedimiento:
𝐷𝑖 = 60 𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑉 = 0.2 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣
𝑎𝑉 = 0.8 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣
𝐷𝑓4 = 48.4 𝑚𝑚 𝑁 = 207 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑨𝒄𝒂𝒃𝒂𝒅𝒐
𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒅𝒐 ሺ𝟑 𝒑𝒂𝒔𝒂𝒅𝒂𝒔ሻ
𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑓 𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑓4 𝐷𝑓3 − 43.4 𝑚𝑚
𝑫𝒊 ⟹ 𝑫𝒇𝟏 𝑁𝑃 = ⟹ 𝑁𝑃 = ⟹ 1=
2𝑑 2𝑑 2ሺ0.4 𝑚𝑚ሻ
𝑫𝒇𝟏 ⟹ 𝑫𝒇𝟐
𝐷𝑓3 = 2ሺ0.4 𝑚𝑚ሻ + 48.4 𝑚𝑚 ⟹ 𝐷𝑓3 = 49.2 𝑚𝑚
𝑫𝒇𝟐 ⟹ 𝑫𝒇𝟑
𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒅𝒐
𝑨𝒄𝒂𝒃𝒂𝒅𝒐 ሺ𝟏 𝒑𝒂𝒔𝒂𝒅𝒂ሻ
𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑓 𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑓3 60 𝑚𝑚 − 49.2𝑚𝑚
𝑁𝑃 = ⟹ 𝑁𝑃 = ⟹ 3=
𝑫𝒇𝟑 ⟹ 𝑫𝒇𝟒 2𝑑 2𝑑 2𝑑
𝒅 = 𝟏. 𝟖 𝒎𝒎
𝐷𝑖 + 𝐷𝑓3 60 𝑚𝑚 + 49.2 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝐶 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷 ∗ 𝑁 ⟹ 𝐷𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 = = = 54.6 𝑚𝑚
2 2
1𝑚
𝑉𝐶 = 𝜋 ∗ 54.6 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 128ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ ⟹ 𝑽𝑪 = 𝟐𝟏. 𝟗𝟒 𝒎ൗ𝒎𝒊𝒏
103 𝑚𝑚
b) La velocidad de corte que recomienda dos pasadas de acabado.
𝑫𝒇𝟑 ⟹ 𝑫𝒇𝟒
𝑫𝒇𝟒 ⟹ 𝑫𝒇𝟓
𝑽𝑪 = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟒𝟔 𝒎ൗ𝒎𝒊𝒏
60 𝑚𝑚 + 56.4 𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝑀𝑅 = ൬𝜋 ∗ ൬ ൰ ∗ 128 𝑟𝑒𝑣ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛൰ ∗ 0.8 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣 ∗ 1.8 𝑚𝑚
2
3 1 𝑐𝑚3
𝑅𝑀𝑅 = 33 684.11 𝑚𝑚 ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗
1 000 𝑚𝑚3
𝟑
𝑹𝑴𝑹 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟔𝟖 𝒄𝒎 ൗ𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑙 𝑙 207 𝑚𝑚
𝑡= = 𝑡= ⟹ 𝒕 = 𝟐. 𝟎𝟐 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑉 ∗ 𝑁 0.8 𝑚𝑚Τ𝑟𝑒𝑣 ∗ 128 𝑟𝑒𝑣ൗ𝑚𝑖𝑛