FIRE PROTECTION

SYSTEM
1. AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
( AFSS )
2. FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM
( FDAS )

PRESENTATION BY :

CMD - EMS
AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM -
(AFSS )
Fire Sprinkler ( AFSS ) – OULTINE :
A. BACKGOUND/HISTORY OF AFSS
B. AFSS COMPONENT and TERMINILOGY
C. CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION OF AFSS
D. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SERVICE OF
AFSS or PMS
 l AFSS – Background/History

- In 1894, UL ( Underwriters Laboratories ) was

established participated in the safety standard
Quality of Materials to be use in AFSS.

- In 1896, NFPA ( National Fire Protection

Association ), USA & Canada.

- In 1940, Implementation of Mandated Building

Code which include AFSS.

-In 1955, National Fire Sprinkler Network (

European & British ).

- In 1986, NFPA Implementation of the updated

Standard Installation of AFSS to help the
Designer, Engineers, Contractors, and
Installers develop the best Fire Sprinkler
Defense for any occupancy.
WATER SUPPLY / WATER TANK PROVISION

Is the provision of water by public utilities, commercial

organizations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a
system of pumps and pipes.
•DISTRIBUTION PIPING
B.I. Pipe ( Black Iron )
Steel pipe or black iron pipe was once the most popular
choice for supply of water and flammable gases.

G.I. Pipe ( Galvanize Iron )

These pipes are widely used for conveying raw water &
distribution of treated water in majority of rural water
supply schemes, where the requirement of water is less.

Flange
A flange is an external or internal ridge, or rim (lip), as
the flange connected on the end of a pipe, steam
cylinder, etc.
•NOZZLES a.k.a Sprinkler Head
VALVES AND ACCESORIES
BUTTERFLY VALVE
- A valve consisting of a disk rotating on an axis across the
diameter of a pipe to regulate the flow, as in the throttles of many
engines.

PRESSURE SWITCH
- A pressure switch for sensing fluid pressure contains a capsule,
bellows, Bourdon tube, diaphragm or piston element that deforms
or displaces proportionally to the applied pressure

FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR
In a piping system, a connector, usually fabricated of a combinat
ion of metallic mesh and a non metallic.

PRESSURE RELEIF VALVE

The relief valve (RV) is a type of valve used to control or limit
the pressure in a system or vessel which can build up for a
process upset, instrument or equipment failure, or fire.
CHECK VALVE
A check valve is a type of valve that allows fluids to flow in one
direction but closes automatically to prevent flow in the opposite
direction (back flow)

WATERFLOW SWITCH
- Water flow detectors provide a mechanical time delay that is
adjusted vadjustment wheel. This retard mechanism is field
replaceable, as is the terminal ia an block.

ALARM CHECK VALVE

are designed expressly for use in wet pipe systems. The valve
will open and allow pressurization of the alarm chamber upon
the operation of one or more automatic fire sprinklers.

SUPERVISORY SWITCH /Floor Control Switch

supervisory switches are designed to monitor the open
position of outside screw and yoke gate valves. A large
hand wheel with a threaded shaft controls the position
of the valve.
GATE VALVE
A gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve that
opens by lifting a round or rectangular gate/wedge out of the
path of the fluid.

SIGHT GLASS
A sight glass or water gauge is a transparent tube through which
the operator of a tank or boiler can observe the level of liquid
contained within.

FOOT VALVE
Protect your pump and down-line components from damage by
installing a Pump Foot Valve.

PRESURE GAUGE
A manometer is an instrument that uses a column of liquid to
measure pressure, although the term is currently often used to
mean any pressure measuring instrument.
SIAMESE ( Fire Department Connection )
A Siamese connection or splitter in fire protection engineering
is a pipe fitting that allows two or more fire hoses to be
connected to a single standpipe riser at the same general
location.

FIRE HOSE CABINET

is a wall mounted cabinet consist of Fire Fighting Equipment,
e.g. Portable fire extinguisher, fire axe, and fire hose.

CISTERN TANK
an artificial reservoir for storing liquids; especially an
underground tank for storing rainwater. Types: cesspit,
cesspool, sink, sump. a covered cistern; waste water and
sewage flow into it. rain barrel. a barrel used as a cistern to
hold rainwater.
• PUMPS AND CONTROLS

HORIZONTAL / VERTICAL FIRE PUMP

A fire pump is a part of a fire sprinkler system's water supply
and Powered by electric, diesel or steam. The pump intake is
either connected to the public underground water supply
piping, or a static water source (e.g., tank, reservoir, lake).

JOCKEY PUMP
is a small pump connected to a fire sprinkler system and is
intended to maintain pressure in a fire protection piping
system to an artificially high level so that the operation of a
single fire sprinkler will cause a pressure drop which will be
sensed by the fire pump automatic controller, causing the fire
pump to start.
ELECTRICAL CONTROL PANEL
- Is a flat, often vertical, area where control or monitoring
instruments are displayed. Which contain electrical
components to control the motors and equipment

MAGNETIC CONTACTOR
- is an electrically controlled switch used for switching an
electrical power circuit, similar to a relay except with
higher current ratings.

THERMAL OVERLOAD RELAY

- A Electromechanical protection devices for the main circuit.
They offer reliable protection for motors in the event
of overload or phase failure.

HIGH LIMIT TEMPERATURE CONTROLER

High Limit Controller protects expensive heaters and
sensitive materials from damaging over temperature
conditions.
• Pumps - Control Panel Assembly
AFSS – TERMINILOGY :

• Water Supply Main - Tank with full of water

• System Riser - Indicating the Piping lay-out and
Accessories are installed at Main source.
• Spring – up - A valve that is open
• Riser - Indicating that the piping lay-out is
going up.
• Cross Main - Main Branch of pipe line
• Feed Main - A valve that control the supply
• Branch Line - Sprinkler head were installed
• UL - Underwriter Laboratories
• CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION OF AFSS
• Preventive Maintenance Service ( PMS ) OF AFSS
FIRE DETECTION AND ALARMS SYSTEM
( FDAS )
• Fire Detection & Alarm System – Outline

A. FDAS COMPONENT AND TERMINILOGY

B. BASIC FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM ASSEMBLY
C. TYPES OF FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM
D. ADVANTAGES AND DIS-ADVANTAGES OF
OF CONVENTIONAL & ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM
E. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SERVICE ( PMS )
OF FDAS
• FDAS COMPONENT
FIRE ALARM BELL
A notification appliance may use audible, visible, or other stimuli
to alert the occupants of a fire or other emergency condition
requiring action.

HEAT DETECTOR
A 'heat detector is a fire alarm device designed to respond when
the converted thermal energy of a fire increases the temperature
of a heat sensitive element.

SMOKE DETECTOR
A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an
indicator of fire. A disk-shaped plastic enclosure about 150
millimetres (6 in) in diameter and 25 millimetres (1 in) thick,
MANUAL PULL STATION
The Manual Pull Station is a wall-mounted initiating device
that is used in a Fire Alarm system.

TWISTED PAIR CABLE

Twisted pair cabling is a type of wiring in which two
conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the
purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference
(EMI) from external sources.

FIRE ALARM CONTROL PANEL ( FACP )

A Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP), or Fire Alarm Control Unit
(FACU), is the controlling component of a Fire Alarm System.

24VDC POWER SUPPLY

FDAS – TERMINILOGY :

• FACP - Fire Alarm Control Panel

• FACU - Fire Alarm Control Unit.
• Power Supply Box – Indicating 24 Volts DC Supply
• SD – Smoke Detector
• HD – Heat Detector
• FAB – Fire Alarm Bell
• LED – Light Emitting Diode
• ELR – End of Line Resistor
• TYPES of Fire Alarm System Control Panel
A. Conventional System ( FDAS )
- Hardwire
- Programmable

B. Addressable System ( AFDAS )

- Multiplexed
CONVENTIONAL “ FIXED “ System

CONVENTIONAL “Programmable “ System

Addressable System ( AFDAS )
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
“Hardwire “
CONVENTIONAL “Programmable “ SYSTEM
ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM
“Multiplexed“
• Preventive Maintenance Service ( PMS ) OF FDAS