2019

The American
Psychological
Association style
MAISY HARRIS: 32009410
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Table of Contents

Americal American Psychological Association Style Sample....................... 2

Discussion ...................................................................................................... 2

Examples ........................................................................................................ 2

Format ............................................................................................................ 3

Summary ........................................................................................................ 4

References ...................................................................................................... 5
Americal American Psychological Association Style Sample

The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily used

in the social science disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language

Association (MLA), and shows many similarities, but is unique in several

key points. This paper discusses the APA in detail. Look at Referencing

Help sheet – there is a sentence that needs to be added here. You need to

remember to insert the two citations with RefWorks (do not just copy and

paste the sentence).

Discussion

APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather

than indicating the author's name and page number, APA includes author's

name and date of publication. The page number, represented with a p. or a

pp., is only added to the citation when using a direct quote (not a summary

or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence, then place

the date of publication in parentheses directly after the name. If the name is

not mentioned include the author's name and date in parentheses at the end

of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the page number

after the publication date within the parentheses.

Examples

Note the difference between the following three examples:

Terrence (1999) has presented poignant examples from 150

interviews. However, it has been pointed out that the research was
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conducted in a selective, highly biased, way (Strong & Porter, 1998). All of

the interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong &

Porter, 1998, p. 5).

Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the

sentence, the second example paraphrases authors that are not named in the

sentence, and the third example provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion

of the page numbers) but also does not identify the authors within the

sentence. If the authors were identified within the sentence in the third

example, the authors' names would be followed by the year of publication

and only the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the end of the

quote.

Format

Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what

APA calls the Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences

from the MLA Works Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the

author's first name rather than the complete name, the publication date

immediately follows the author's name in parentheses, and titles of articles

are not surrounded with quotation marks. The lists are still alphabetized by

author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and the first line is

flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in

(approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with

referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at

http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a

summary downloadable help document available at:

http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you

include a reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA,
2017). A reference list consists of all sources cited in the text of a paper

whereas a bibliography may include resources that were consulted but not

cited in the text as well as an annotated description of each one.

Summary

The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses

the APA 6th referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text

referencing and the reference list there are a number of formatting

requirements to ensure your essay complies with APA standards. Get to

know the APA 6th.

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References

APA. (2017) Bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved from

http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide- on-

references.aspx#Bibliography

Terrence, H. S. (2007, November 1). Student Success in Community

Colleges. The West Australian, p. 6-7

Strong, R. L., Porter, M. (1998), Grammatical Combinations. In S. Parker

& K. Gibson (Eds.), Language and Literacy (p 540-578) Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.