♦

OB gybe

Endometrium
– The muscle layer for the

delivery
Myomedrium
– The power

Myometrium
– Living ligature of the body

Perimedrium
– outer layer that protects the

uterus

Ovaries - Almond Shape

Function
– ovulation

– Production pf estrogen and

progesterone
What are the two female sex
glands
– A: Ovaries

Surgical reuslt
– Surgical menopause

Fallopian Tube
– 2-3 long thats serve as the

passageway

Segement of fallpoian tube

Infundibilum
– The most distal part of

fallopian tube (Trumpet or

Funnel shape)

Ampula
– Outer third or second path

– The common site of ovulation

or fertilization
– Common site for ectopic

pregnancy

Isthmus
– the common site of female

sterizilation
– Common site for Bilateral

tubal ligation

Insterstitial
– most dangerous site of
 ectopic pregnancy
– Very narrowed lumen

On what week ectopic pregnancy

will rupture
– 6 weeks

Missing notes

DOC: Danazol (Danocrine)

– To stop menstruation and

inhibt ovulation
Leuprolide (Lupron)
– to inhibit FSH &LH

If there is no Lh it will inhibit

Ovulation

Male Genitalia

Penis
– is the male organ of

copulation and urination

– Consisting of shaft and

glands at the tip

The body or the shaft composed

of three cylindrical layers:

– 2 corpora cavernosa
– 1 corpus Spongiosum
 Scotum is a pouch hanging
below pendulous penis with a
medial septum dividely into two
sacs each contain testes.

– cooling mechanism of the

testis
– Temperature: < 2. Celcious
than the body temp

The process of spermatogenesis

– responsible for

spermatogenesis is Testes
– Testes composed of

– Andropause

Hypothalmus
– Release gonodrotopin

stimulating hormone

– folicle stimulating hormone

the maturation of sperm
 – LH is the hormone for
testosterone production

What releases the testosterone

– leydig cell

Testes - epididymis

Epididymis
– 6 meters long coil tube

– Is the site for the maturation

of the sperm
– 30 to 90 dyas to travel

Vas deferens
– Is the conduit pathway of

spermatozoa

Seminal vesicle
– secreting substances

fructose and prostaglandin

– Fructose: is a form of

glucose that has nutrional

value
– It release prostaglandin

– Porstaglandin: causes

reverse contraction of the

uterus
– Sperm (+) prostaglandin =

semen

Ejaculatory duct
– Conduit or pathway of semen
Porstate Gland
– porstate: It secrete lubricant

Bulbourethral gland or cowpers

gland
– BG: secrete alkaline fluid that

neutralize acidity of the

vagina

Urethra
– end

Male Fmelae
Penile gland Clitoral gland
Penile shaft Clitoral shaft
Testes Ovaries
Prostate Skene's gland
Cowper's gland Bartholin's
gland
Scrotum Labia majora

Male Female
Vas deferens Fallopian tube
Pundendum* Pundenda

Basic Genetics
What carry the gentic codes
– DNA

Treadlike strands
– chromosomes

Small segments of DNA

 – genes
– They Composed each
chromosomes

What is the normal amount of

ejaculation sperm?
– 3-5 CC or 1 teaspoon

What is the life span of the sperm

– 48 to 78 hours

What is the Life span of the ovum

– ovum 24 to 36 hrs

Reproductive cells divided by the

process of
– meiosis (Haploid number)

Sperm- 22 chromosomes, 1 sex

chromosome

What is the ssx chromosome

Carried by the sperm?
– X/Y

Genotype
Phenotype - (Physical
appearance)
Karyotype - (pictorial anaylsis of
individual characteristis.....

What is the Age of

reproductitivity?
– 15 to 44 years old
 – 30 week AOG million
immature OOcytes
– At birth 1 million immature
oocytes
– At puberty 300 - 400
thousand Immature oocytes
– At 13 y/o 300 - 400 mature
ovum
– at 23 y/o 180 - 280 mature
ovum
– At the age 23 y/o 180 - 280
mature ovum
– At 33 y/o 60 - 160 mature
ovum = 36
– At 36 y/o 24-124 mature
ovum =
– At 46 y/o 4 mature ovum

Ideal age 20 to 30
High risk - 18 and 35

Menstrual cycle
– From Beginning to end of

menstrual cycle

What is the average menstrual

cycle?
– 28 days

What is the average menstrual

period?
– 5 days
What is the normal blood loss
– 50cc

Menarche - beginning of first

menstruation
Dysmenorrhea- painful mens
Metrorrjagia- bleeding in between
menstruation
Menorrhage - excessive bleeding
Amenorrhea - Absence of
menstraution
Menoupause- cessation of
menstruation

What is the average menoupausal

age?
– 51 years old

What is the food that can affect

symptoms of menstruation?
– TOFU: because it contain

isoflavones- mimic the

estrogen of women; it is a
type of estrogen in plant

How many months of amenorrhea

can you consider menopause?
– 12 months amenorrhea that is

menopause

Hormone Estrogen
– Primary function: for
 development of secondary
sexual characteristic of
women
– Inhibits FSH production
– It is responsible for
hypertheophy of myometrium
causing uterine development
– Spinbarkeit and ferning
pattern: method- belings
method
– Tactile structure of breasts
– Osteoblastic bone activity
– Early closure of epiphysis
– Sodium retention
– Sexual desire
– Vaginal lubrication

Hormone progesterone
– primary function: prepares

endomentrium for
implantation making thick
and tortous (twisted)
– Secondary function: inhibits

uterine contraction
– Inhibits LH production : this

wil result to no ovulation

– Decreased GIT motility

– Lactose and dextrose

permeability: causing (+) 1

sugar
– Mammary gland development

– Elevated level of Basal Body

Temp
 – Causing mood swings of
women

Parts of the body reponsible for

menstruation
– Hypothalamus

– Anterior pituitary gland

– Ovaries

– Uterus

Four phases of menstruation/

uterine cycle

Uterine cycle
– Proliferative 6 to 14 dyas

– Secretory 15 to 26 dyas

– Ischemic 27 to 28 dyas

– Menses first to fifth days

Ovarian Cycle
– Follicular 1 - 14 days

– Ovulatory - 14 days

– Lutheal 15 to 28 dyas

Where can you find the ....

– Cortex of the ovary

Changes in hormone level

3rd day or initial phase -
decrease estrogen
13th day - peak estrogen,
decrease progestin
14 th day - increased E, increased
progestin
15th day - decreased E, Increase
Progestin

Menstrual Cycle
– On the initial phase/3rd day

of mentruation, the estrogen

level is decreased, this level
stimulate hypothalamus to
relase GnRH/FSHRF
– GnRH/FSHRf - stimulate the

APG to release FSH

l. Stimulates ovaries to release
estrogen
m. Facilitating the growth of
primary follicle to become
graafian follicle

Graafian follicle- structure that

secrete large amount of Estrogen
and contains mature ovum.

4 phases with increase estrogen

– proliferative - (6 - 14

day)responsible for
variation or irregulatory of
menstruation
– Follicular - (1st to 14th

day) responsible for

variation or irregulatory of
menstruation
– Postmenstrual
 – Preovulatory

– 13th day of menstruation,

estrogen level is at peak
while the progesterone level
is decrease, this stimulates
the hypothalamus to release
GnRh/ LHRF
– GnRH/LHRF will stimulate

APG to release LH
– Function of LH

l. Stimulate ovaries to release

progesterone
m. Hormone for ovulation

– On rhe 14th day of

menstruation the estrogen
level is high while the
progesterone level is high
causing the rupture of the
graafian follicle, the process
known as ovulation

Mittelschsmerz - a sharp pain felt

L/R lower abdominal quadrant

– on the 15th day estrogen

level is decreased while the
progesterone level is
increased, causing
degeneration of graafian
follicle becoming yellowish
known as corpus luteum
 – Corpus luteum: secrete large
amount of progesterone

4 phases with increase

progesterone
– Secretory 15 to 26

– Lutheal 15 to 20

– Postovulatory

– Premenstrual

– 24th day if no fertilization,

corpus luteum degenerates
becoming whitish know as
corpus albicans

– 28th day if no sperm visited

the ovum, the uterine
endometrium begins to
sloughs off to have the next
menstruation.

What is the hormone begin

menstruation
– GNRH

Excitement phase

Plateau phase
– increasing and sustained

tension nearing orgasm

 – Lasting from 30 seconds to 3
minutes

Orgasmic phase
– Involuntary release of sexual

tension accompanied by
physiologoic and psychologic
release
– Immeasurable peak of sexual

experience
– 2 to 10 seconds

Resolution phase
– return of reproductive organ

to non aoruse state

– Refractory period is the only

period presence in males

where in males cannot be re
stimulated for 10 to 15 mins