Forest Products Research and Development Institute

Department of Science and Technology

College, Laguna

Rico Jariel Cabangon

“That Thing Called Kawayan”

SMX Convention Center, Pasay City
July 28, 2015
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

 Conducts R&D on wood and non- wood forest

products including bamboo
 Transfer developed technologies
 Provide technical services and training
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

 E.O. 879 (2010) Created the PBIDC

 25% of Desk and Other Furniture Requirements of

Public Elementary and Secondary Schools

 Prioritizing the Use of Bamboo in Furniture, Fixtures

and other Construction Requirements of Government
Facilities

 Underpinned by MC No. 30 s. 2012 Directing the Full

Implementation of E.0.879 and Including Bamboo in
the National Greening Program
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

With proper
techniques

Seasoning

Preservation
Without proper
techniques
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Seasoning/Drying  Advantages:

 Process of removing  Higher resistance to stain,

some of the water or
moisture from the
bamboo to improve
its serviceability and
quality
fungi and wood boring insects
 Improved preservation, gluing
and finishing properties
 Dimensional stability
 Greater holding capacity of
fasteners
 Improved strength
 Better insulating properties
 Easier to handle
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

 Advantage:
Air Drying
 Cheaper process as it relies on
natural conditions such as
temperature, relative humidity
and air circulation
 Disadvantage:
 Drying conditions cannot be
controlled
 Slow process
 Final MC = MC of surrounding
Round Poles
Species Initial MC Final MC Drying
(%) (%) Period (days)
kawayan tinik 58-79 18 71
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Kiln Drying

 Advantage:
 Takes only ~5 days to kiln
dry bamboo to 12% MC
 Permits drying even
during rainy season
Size of Chamber: 5.09m x 2.88m x 2.44m
 Disadvantage: Capacity 240 pcs per load
 Higher investment Drying Time 3 – 7 days per load
 Requires skilled Drying Cost 11.00 per pole
operators Cost of Dryer: PhP 700,000.00
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Drying/Seasoning

 Moisture Meter
 For monitoring the
moisture content of
bamboo from 6 – 30%
 Large LCD display
 Cheaper than imported
mositure meters
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Preservation

 If not properly
treated, bamboo can
be attacked by molds,
fungi and insects

Attack of
powder post beetle

or “bokbok”
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Preservation
Techniques

 Traditional or Non-
Chemical Methods
◦ Soaking in Water
◦ Smoking
◦ Drying
◦ Biological
Control
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Preservation
Techniques

 Other Non- Thermal modification (TM) -- heat

Chemical Methods treatment with the use of steam, nitrogen
or oil at temperatures close to 2000C for
◦ Thermal
several hours.
Modification
◦ Heat Treatment

“Bamboo should be heated in accordance with a

specific time-temperature schedule that achieves a
minimum core temperature of 56ºC for a minimum of
30 minutes”
-ISPM Pub. No. 15, 2002
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Preservation
Techniques

 Chemical Methods
(Non-Pressure)
◦ Brushing
◦ Spraying
◦ Soaking
◦ Sap
Replacement
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Preservation TREATMENT COST PER POLE (PhP)

Techniques Dipping 470 poles 14.60
Spraying 830 poles 8.20
 Cost Estimates
Dipping Spraying
Expendable Materials:
Plastic sheets 615.00
Face Masks 120.00 120.00
Gloves 120.00 120.00
Semi- Expendables
Drum (2 pcs) 1,600.00 Sprayer 1,000.00
Labor 600.00
Total 3,055.00 1,240.00
 BASIC BAMBOO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

Preservation
Techniques

 Chemical Methods
(Pressure)
◦ High Pressure Sap
Displacement
◦ Investment:
PhP320,000.00 (10 caps
including accessories)
◦ 40 poles per day
◦ 4 – 6 workers
◦ Treatment Cost, PhP58
per pole
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES and

ADVANCED PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

 Bamboos can be easily

sold either in round or
split forms
ISO 9001:2008
PNS ISO/IEC
17025:2005

 Do-It-Yourself Bamboo Shelter

◦ 24 sq.m. (1 BR, LR, kitchen, T&B)
◦ Fits in a 6-wheeler truck when packed
◦ Electricity and water supply ready
◦ Can be assembled in 3-4 days
◦ Cost Effective (PhP75,000 – 150,000)
 Modern Bamboo Jointing System

◦ More structurally-sound than

traditional bamboo joints
◦ Requires 15.58 kN to rupture the
joint (1,588 kg)
◦ Fits in a passenger-type jeep
when disassembled
◦ Can be assembled in 3 hrs
• "man-made” or “manufactured” bamboo products
 Commonly Used Materials for Engineered Bamboo

Veneers Flattened/Crushed
Slats Weaved Mats
 From Slats (Construction)
 From Slats (Handicrafts)
 From Slats
(Modern
Gadgets)
 From Slats
(Furniture)
 From Slats
(Furniture)
 E.O. 879
 From Veneer
 From Bamboo Veneer
 AWECA Group of Companies
exported corner tables at a
rate of 100 units per month
 From Veneer
Bamboo Veneer Lathe
• Cost = PhP 1.2M (PhP1.5M imported)

• 86 sq.m per day

• Veneering Cost = PhP 17/sq.m.

(1mm thick)
• Selling Price = PhP 85/sq.m.

• ROI = 43%; IRR = 41%

 From Flattened Bamboo
Flattening Machine
 Cost = PhP 920,000.00

 100 – 200 sq.m. per day

 Cost of Flattening
PhP82/sq.m.
 Cost of Laminated Planks
PhP356/sq.m.
 Selling Price
PhP 463/sq.m.
 ROI = 40%; IRR = 58%
 From woven mats
◦ Can be used as wall,
ceiling and concrete
shuttering
 From woven mats
 From Bamboo Halves
 Production per day 120 kg
Initial Investment Cost, PhP 127,800
Equipment Cost, PhP 36,000
Unit cost of production 17.29 per kilo
Selling Price, PhP/kg 20.00 per kilo
Gross sales per year, PhP 576,000
Manual Briquettor Average Annual Net Income
after tax, PhP 50,700
Return on Investment 40%
Net present Value 198,794
Internal Rate of Return 56%
Cash payback period 4th year

Charcoal Briquettes
 Cost = PhP 290,000.00
 Capacity = 90 kg (bench scale)
 Production per batch
◦ 40 kg charcoal; 28 li. distillate
 Production Cost = PhP32/kg
 Selling Price
◦ PhP 48.00/kg charcoal
◦ PhP 65.00/li distillate
 IRR=89%; ROI = 82%
 Piloting of the technology on
going (400kg capacity)
 Paper and Textile
 Dyeing and Bleaching
 Chemical Removal of Cutin
 Preservation of Natural Color
 Finishing Techniques
 UPDATES

 World Bamboo Congress

◦ Damyang, South Korea
◦ September 17 -22, 2015
 International Workshop on Industrial
and Commercial Development of
Non-Timber-Forest-Products
(NTFPs) in a Sustainable Context
◦ Zhejiang Province, China
◦ August 25 – September 13, 2015
 Sustainable Small and Medium- Scale
Enterprises for the Green Economy
◦ PCAARRD, Los Banos, Laguna
◦ Annual Workshop (Mid Year)
 Thank You!

Visit us at: www.dost.gov.ph

www.fprdi.dost.gov.ph