Annotated Bibliography

Waldinger, Roger. (2018, March 21.) ​Immigration and the election of Donald Trump: why the

sociology of migration left us unprepared … and why we should not have been

surprised. ​Retrieved from

https://www-tandfonline-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/full/10.1080/01419870.20

18.1442014?scroll=top&needAccess=true

This article explains why people immigrate, and why the outcomes are making it normal for

people to immigrate. Along with that the author explains how the citizens are the main

stakeholders in whether immigrants are helped within the country because they’re the ones who

have to vote. Since immigration is never going to stop countries make the passage “dangerous”

with the purpose of stopping people from coming in, but that only causing families to separate.

This is because parents are leaving their children to avoid exposing them to danger and then

when those parents are the country they now fear leaving and being able to return.

Waldinger is in the Department of Sociology at the University of California. He has many

articles related to the economy, politics, and immigration published on the Journal of Ethic and

Racial Studies. All of his articles have been published throughout the last decade. In this article,

he thoroughly explains and describes both sides on immigration. He also cites other articles

throughout this piece as proof. The citations he uses go back as early as 1987 so it is not only

talking about immigration today but also historical point of it.

As a result this article will be extremely helpful in my essay because he explains logic and tactics

used in immigration. His facts and data will help make my essay credible and more informative.

Significant Quotes:
“​Yet, since international migration is a political phenomenon it also shapes those divides,

producing both conflicts over the boundary problem as well as political incentives to resolve that

problem in ways that can be more or less favourable to immigrants and potential immigrants,

both those still on foreign shores as well as those inside the territory but outside the polity.”

“Depending on where they stand in the system of civic stratification, the immigrants are more or

less vulnerable to the political decisions of citizens, who can either widen or narrow the gap in

rights and entitlements separating the different civic strata, and similarly heighten or lower the

barriers needed to pass from one status to another.”

“The sociological literature insists that assimilation is driven by the search for the good life; but

since migration is good for the migrants that search actually begins at the point of origin. Though

difficult, dirty, and dangerous, the developed world’s jobs beckon, yielding wages far higher

than those that could be made at home; the migrants’ children are also healthier, better educated,

and live longer. In shifting from poorer to richer places the immigrants are just putting into

practice the programme that liberal societies have long endorsed: namely, that of trying to get

ahead on the basis of their own effort, requesting no help from anyone else.”

Haines, Tim. (2019, January 8.) ​President Trump Addresses the Nation on Immigration: “A

​ etrieved from
Crisis of the Soul.” R

https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2019/01/08/watch_live_president_trump

_addresses_the_nation_on_government_shutdown_border_wall.html

In this video President Trump states that he welcomes those immigrants who “enrich” and

“contribute” to our country, but those who are criminals have to be stopped because they are
bringing in the majority of the percentage of drugs found in the country and they are harming the

citizens. He claims that the border patrols are in great need of equipment to immigrants from

coming into the country. Along with that he mentions the importance of the border wall, and how

the government will not reopen until Democrats agree to fund it. According to him, the wall will

stop those criminals from coming in, drugs will no longer be passed through the border, and

innocent women and children will no longer have to go through the dangers they do from the

journey they take from their home to the United States.

Donald Trump is currently the president of the United States, and he is the one who is in the

video desperately stating the need of the border wall. He reasons on how the wall will benefit the

country and help keep people safe, not only from criminals, but from the amount of deaths their

have been due to the consumption of drugs being brought through the southern border.

As a result, this video will help my informative essay. It will help me build on the anti-immigrant

side keeping my essay neutral.

Significant Quotes:

“Over the years thousands of Americans have been brutally killed by those who illegally entered

our country and thousands more lives will be lost if we don't act right now.”

“Some have suggested a barrier is immoral. Then why do wealthy politicians build walls, fences

and gates around their homes? They don't build walls because they hate the people on the

outside, but because they love the people on the inside. The only thing that is immoral is the

politicians to do nothing and continue to allow more innocent people to be so horribly

victimized.”
Dillard, Coshandra. (2019, February.) ​The School-to-Deportation Pipeline. ​Retrieved from

http://web.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=c

367f8d7-f1dc-4489-940b-eeb1f9383309%40sdc-v-sessmgr05&bdata=JnNpdGU9

ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=133861569&db=aph

This article is based on the experience of a high school student who was detained for a

confrontment he had with another student. He was detained because he is an illegal immigrant

and there were false accusations made about the event by other students. Through this

experience, many people have come to realize how schools are not keeping all students safe, and

how school officers are reducing the chances of those minority students from legally staying in

the country. But overall, due to meaningless incidents like these, those minority students are

being categorized as criminals, as opposed to white students who don’t receive the same

punishment. The author is definitely against the way the schools are dealing with similar

situations because they explain how this is affecting those minorities not only in their

professional lives but also mentally.

The position this author takes is both reasonable and credible because they back up all of their

information with those who have gone through a similar experience as that of the high school

student, and they have both the student’s lawyer and a psychologist explain their support. The

lawyer speaks about how incidents like the ones detaining students are unreasonable, and the

psychologist explain how minority children regardless of being citizens or not, naturally are

more stressed, and prone to trauma. Due to it, teachers or school administrators categorize those

students as careless, or inferior to the rest.

As a result this article will help bring credibility to my essay through the psychologist and

lawyers. Through the lawyer I will be able to demonstrate the side that politicians and

administrators deny, overall since they are the ones who handle those cases.

Significant Quotes:

“Rivera-Sarmieto’s experience is a result of the school-to-prison pipeline (STPP), in which

students are criminalized through punitive discipline practices that push them out of school,

increasing the likelihood they’ll come into contact with the criminal justice system. The STPP

disproportionately affects black and brown students and students with disabilities. These students

are also disciplined more often and more harshly compared with their white and Asian

counterparts, regardless of income level, reinforcing the opportunity gap for historically

marginalized groups.”

“Schools inadvertently participate in the school-to-deportation pipeline with zero-tolerance

policies and the use of SROs.”

“For students who are undocumented, related stress can manifest in behaviors that might be

misinterpreted as discipline problems. American Psychological Association studies show that

immigrant youth, particularly those who enter the U.S. as unaccompanied minors, have higher

rates of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.”

Zaveri, Mihir. (2019, January 27.) ​Trump’s Immigration Statistics Are Challenged by Experts.

Retrieved from

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/27/us/trump-cost-illegal-immigration.html
This article is based on certain allegations President Trump has made against illegal immigrants

in the country. The author is clearly against what Trump has to say since they contradict every

argument he makes, using statistics developed by the states but also through research made by

universities like Yale.

Zaveri attended the University of California Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism, and

studies multimedia. Not only has he written for The New York Times, he has also written for

The Washington Post. Previously he was in the Houston Chronicle team which covered

Hurricane Harvey and they were finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for the information they provided

of the hurricane.

This article will help me develop my essay because it give statistics and information that oppose

many of the accusations President Trump has made on immigrants. This will make my work

more credible since it will be based on facts and the numbers I use will be able to be found.

Significant Quotes:

“There were already many problems with Mr. Trump’s assertion that undocumented immigrants

disproportionately bring with them more drugs and crime. And several experts said they had

concerns with the figures he disseminated on Sunday.”

“There is little research on how much undocumented immigrants cost the United States. The

highest costs would generally be related to education and health care, but many undocumented

immigrants pay taxes and are typically barred from receiving many of the costliest benefits, like

Medicaid.”
“It said that the average immigrant cost state and local governments about $1,600 a year from

2011 to 2013, but that their children and grandchildren paid far more in taxes than they

consumed in public services.”

​ etrieved
Jones, Dow. (2016, August 23.) ​Trump Says He Isn’t Waffling on Immigration -- WSJ. R

from

https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/docview/2181703086?accountid

=4485&rfr_id=info%3Axri%2Fsid%3Aprimo

In ​Trump Says He Isn’t Waffling on Immigration, a​ uthors Janet Hook and Beth Reinhard discuss

Donald Trump’s change in attitude towards his presidential campaign. Throughout the article

they demonstrate how Trump doesn’t change his approach on illegal immigrants, yet he tires to

gain the minorities votes by making it seem like everything he is doing is to help them

economically since they are considered the “low-income workers.” The authors of this article are

on a neutral position because after they demonstrate Trump’s new way of approaching voters,

they have others point out how the new “tactics” he is using are not succeeding.

Both Hook and Reinhard successfully show both sides of the topic. Not only do they have direct

quotes, but they have explanations of their purpose behind them. Then after they provide quotes

from the other’s sides’ representatives demonstrating their approach towards the “new”

intentions of candidate Donald Trump. This article clearly shows the perspectives of both sides

on the issue of illegal immigration, not only with the quotes, but with the statistics of who the

people at the times were in favor of.

As a result, this article will help me develop my essay through both perspectives along with facts

and statistics.

Significant Quotes:

“ ‘In Hilary Clinton’s America, the system stays rigged against Americans,’ the ad says, ‘Syrian

refugees flood in. Illegal immigrants convicted of committing crimes get to stay.’ ”

“ ‘Low-income workers are hurt the most by my opponent's policies,’ he said. ‘Poor Hispanic

and African-American citizens are the first to lose a job, or see a pay cut, when we don’t control

our borders.’”

“Mr. Trump’s effort comes at a time when his standing is taking a particularly big hit among

self-described moderate voters, who shifted sharply to Mrs. Clinton, according to Wall Street

Journal/NBC News polls taken before and after the parties’ conventions this summer.”

US: Poor Medical Care, Deaths, in Immigration Detention. (​ 2018, June 20.) Retrieved from

https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/06/20/us-poor-medical-care-deaths-immigrant-de

tention

This article is based on statistics of the number of deaths in detention centers, emphasizing how

under the Trump administration there has been more deaths than ever recorded. Not only are

these deaths due to lack of medical services, but also negligence, and how instead of more

money being used to better the facilities, it is being used to expand them. The author is clearly

against the negligence in the detention centers because they have attorney’s and officials back up

the fact that there is inadequate medical attention in the facilities that are putting people at risk,
not only are the medical personnel in those centers at fault but also the officials because they’re

the ones that aren’t capable of taking care of the people in there.

The author demonstrates credibility through her supporters which she quotes. She has the policy

director of the National Immigration Justice Center, attorney’s and more support the capability of

detention centers to take care of the people within.

This article will help me develop my essay and make it credible through the people in the article

who confirm how those detention centers are not adequate for people to stay in. Also it will help

me develop my opposing side showing how people like Donald Trump are lying when they say

that all they want is for those immigrants to no longer be exposing themselves to danger. Along

with the fact that this is something that isn’t shown to the public, and when deaths occur within

those center, people in charge deny any accusations made against them who put them at fault.

Significant Quotes:

“ ‘ICE has proven unable or unwilling to provide adequately for the health and safety of the

people it detains,” said Clara Long, a senior US researcher at Human Rights Watch. “The Trump

administration’s efforts to drastically expand the already-bloated immigration detention system

will only put more people at risk.’ ”

“ ‘To the extent that Congress continues to fund this system, they are complicit in its abuses,”

said Heidi Altman, policy director at the National Immigrant Justice Center, a nongovernmental

group dedicated to ensuring human rights protections and access to justice for all immigrants,

refugees, and asylum seekers. “Congress should immediately act to decrease rather than expand

detention and demand robust health, safety, and human rights standards in immigration

detention.’ ”