HYBRID VEHICLES

Auto alternatives for the 21st century……….

i. Himanshu U. Bishwash
ii. Shreya S. Bobadi
iii. Pooja J. Chaudhari
 PROJECT DEFINITION
 To Explain The Working And Construction Of A
Hybrid Vehicle.

 To Examine The Efficiency, Improvements And

Advantages Of Hybrid Vehicle Over A Solo Engine
Traditional Engine.

 To Present The Technologies Available And Possible

Improvements.
 INTRODUCTION
 A Hybrid Combines Two Methods For The Propulsion
Of A Vehicle.

 Possible Combinations Include Diesel/Electric,

Gasoline/Fly Wheel, And Fuel Cell/Battery.

 Typically One Energy Source Is Storage And The Other

Is Conversion Of A Fuel To Energy.
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
 Need of Hybrid Vehicles
 Types Of Hybrids
 Various Hybrid Vehicle Types
 Construction Of Hybrid Vehicles
 Working Of Hybrid Vehicles
 Emissions And Environmental Impact
 Precautions To Operate A Hybrid Vehicle
 Latest Developments
 Conclusion
NEED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES
•Regenerative braking .
•Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).
•Emissions are greatly decreased.
•Dependency on fossils fuels can be decreased.
•Hybrids can be run on alternative fuels as well.
•New materials can be implemented.
 REGENERATIVE BRAKING
• A regenerative brake is an energy
recovery mechanism
• Converts Kinetic energy into Electrical form.
• While braking, it absorbs 80% of kinetic energy.
CONSTRUCTION OF HYBRID VEHICLE
 Working

• Basic Components.
• Acceleration.
• City driving.
• Highway Driving
• Driving up a
gradient.
 TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES
SERIES HYBRID PARALLEL HYBRID
1)Series Hybrids:

Cars which has only the electric motor which is directly connected to the
transmission.
In a series hybrid, the gasoline engine is only used to charge the batteries
that are used to power the electric motor.
2)Parallel hybrids

To turn the transmission they use either its electric motor or gasoline
engine. Because of this, both the electric motor and the gasoline engines are
connected directly to the transmission of the car.
 Advantages of Hybrid Vehicles
 Lower emissions and better mileage.
 Hybrid cars use no energy during idle state, they turn off and
use less than petrol engines at low speeds.
 At lower speeds i.e. in traffic no smog is emitted maintaining
its sustainable advantage.
 Hybrid cars offers greater mileage than other cars.
 Noise pollution and emission of CO2 are considerably reduced.
 Hybrids are reliable and comfortable.
 Hybrids are much cleaner cars than normal vehicles
 Due to the Regenerative Braking technology, the batteries
need not be charged by an external source.
 Hybrids help reduce the dependency on fossil fuels which
directly affects fuel prices
 Positive Environmental Impact
• The two types of hybrids:

• Electric hybrids: Electric hybrids

use the electric motor as their
alternative energy source.

• Hydrogen hybrids: Hydrogen

hybrids extract the element from
water and add the hydrogen to the
fuel-air mixture of the vehicle.
 Drawbacks of Hybrid Vehicles
 Hybrid cars are more expensive than normal cars.
 Hybrid cars are much more complex in construction and
working than the IC engine cars.
 Hybrid cars offer larger repair bills.
 Batteries are not yet much advanced so as the car could run for
a larger distance on batteries itself.
 More weight due to battery packs.
 In the event of an unfortunate accident, there is a risk of
exposure to high voltage wires.
 Complicated Architecture.
 Not suitable for long distance journey.
 Some batteries fail deliver in cold weather.
 Spare parts maybe hard to find and may be costly.
 Negative Environmental Impact

• Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are praised as

being fuel efficient, and good for the
environment. Most HEV owners will agree about
the gas mileage: On average, HEVs get twice as
many miles per gallon as conventional
counterparts, data show. But the environmental
impact of HEVs is harder to quantify,
particularly since they are still relatively new to
the automobile market.
 Emissions
• One of the major negative effects of automobiles on the
environment is smog-producing gases. Smog is
particularly evident in large metropolitan areas, where
many thousands of cars are concentrated. The gases that
make up smog include nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons,
and other volatile organic compounds. Hybrid cars
produce fewer gas emissions than conventional cars, but
not as much less as you might think. Generally, the
larger the car, the greater the difference in emissions
between the hybrid and conventional versions. On
average, compact hybrid cars produce 10% fewer smog-
producing emissions than their conventional
counterparts. Hybrid models of mid-size cars, mid-size
sport-utility vehicles, and full-size SUVs reduce smog-
producing gas emissions by 15%, 19% and 21%,
respectively, over their conventional counterparts.
OUTSTANDING DEVELOPMENT OF 2014

Honda Civic Hybrid (2014)

Features Of
HONDA CIVIC HYBRID (2014)
• ECON button
• Push button to start the vehicle
• Coaching bars
• Rearview camera with guidelines
• Steering wheel – mounted controls
• HD Digital traffic determination system
• USB audio interface
• Intelligent Multi – information display
• Lane watch
• Satellite – linked Navigation System
 i-MID
Eco assist

7-Inch
display
audio
ECON
button

Push button
THANK YOU