BELL WORK OCTOBER 8, 2018

As the framers were finished with their work in

laying out our new system of government in the
Constitution they were faced with a new challenge,
Ratification. Using what you know of the
Constitutional Convention and the compromises
that had to take place describe why you think the
framers would have a challenging road ahead
getting the new Constitution ratified by the state
legislatures
September 17, 1787 - Constitutional Convention ends.

Delegates send Constitution to the Congress under the Articles

of Confederation

September 27, 1787 - a letter was printed in the New York

Journal sharply criticizing the new Constitution and strongly
encouraging people to reject it. Author disguised himself with
the pen name "Cato"
September 28, 1787 - Congress votes to send Constitution to
legislature of each state to approve or reject it. Once 9 of 13
approve it becomes the supreme law of the U.S.

October 1, 1787 - a reply to Cato was printed in the New York

Daily Advertiser signed "Cesar" (Alexander Hamilton).
Although he was disappointed in the new Constitution he
preferred it to the Articles of Confederation which he saw as
too weak.
 Federalist - Supporters of the new Constitution
Liked constitution

Well educated

Supported a large central strong government

Big cities

Merchants

Trades people

Antifederalists - Opponents of the new Constitution

Liked articles of confederation

Farmers of rural areas

States rights supporters

READ - “WHAT IDEAS SEPARATED THE
FEDERALISTS AND ANTI-FEDERALISTS”

• Fill in the chart on the

next three slides showing
how the Federalists and
Anti-Federalists were
alike and different. You
may also reference your
iBook p. 7-11
Federalist beliefs Antifederalists beliefs
Ideas in Common
Limited Government
& Rule of Law Favored a weak
Favored a strong government Wanted a written Constitution that government

that could forcefully maintain restricted the powers of government

order, give security and officials

Feared a strong
guarantee liberty under the
government because it
law. would threaten peoples
freedoms rights.

r
Republicanism
*Wanted a republic
government.

Both wanted government by

the people... elected officials
 Federalist beliefs Antifederalists beliefs
Ideas in Common *Believed state governments
should have more powers than
central government.

*Believed constitution gave too

Federalism much power to national gov’t

-believed it would create

consolidated gov’t which
National government *both wanted federalism

reduced states in power.

(Division of power between states
*Favored division of powers b/n and national government *Wanted federal republic
state gov’t and national gov’t established by A.O.C

(state gov’t cant contradict laws *favored states rights

by national gov’t) *believed Constitution gave too

much power to national gov’t

*believed it would create

consolidated gov’t which
reduced states in power.
Popular Sovereignty
*believed that power in the *wanted popular sovereignty *believed giving most powers to a
national government should be (gov’t by popular consent)
legislature of members selected by
shared among the three
the people
branches
**people run the government by
*believed that people should voting

only elect members of one part

of the legislative branch
 Federalist beliefs Antifederalists beliefs
Ideas in Common

Bill of Rights
*Thought the Bill of rights was
unnecessary bc the national gov’t Disagreed BUT both *Criticized the constitution

only had the powers that were wanted th assurance of -lacked a bill of rights to
listed in the constitution. peoples liberties.
guarantee liberties of the expel.

Bill of rights is a right no one

should be denied by any
government

**Anti federalists referred to the national government having all power as a

CONSOLIDTION of power.. They felt this was BAD.
____ 1.. . . the absurdity must con4nually stare us in the face of
F
confiding to a government the direc4on of the most essen4al
na4onal interests, without daring to trust to it the authori4es
which are indispensable to their proper and efficient
management.

F
____ 2.. . . - a federal government . . . ought to be clothed with all
the powers requisite to complete execu4on of its trust.

F
____ 3. Energy in the Execu4ve is a leading character in the
defini4on of good government.
____ 4.We are now fixing a na4onal consolida4on.
AF
____ 5.This country should never be split into a number of
F
unsocial, jealous, and alien sovereign4es.
States
 AF
____ 6.If a majority be united by a common interest, the rights of
the minority will be insecure. . . . In a society under the forms of
which the stronger fac4on can readily unite and oppress the weaker,
anarchy may as truly be said to reign as in a state of nature where
the weaker individual is not secured against the violence of the
stronger.

AF
____ 7. States are the characteris4cs and the soul of a
confedera4on. If the States be not the agents of this compact, it
must be one great consolidated Na4onal Government of the people
of all the States.

AF
____ 8.The states should respec4vely have laws, courts, force, and
revenues of their own sufficient for their own security; they ought to
be fit to keep house alone if necessary; if this be not the case, or so
far as it ceases to be so it is a departure from a federal to a
consolidated government.
 F
____ 9. I am against inser4ng a declara4on of rights in the
Cons4tu4on. . . . If such an addi4on is not dangerous, it is at least
unnecessary.

AF
____ 10. A bill of rights . . . serves to secure the minority against
the usurpa4on and tyranny of the majority.

____ 11.The . . . new form of government . . . declares a

AF
consolida4on or union of all the thirteen parts, or states, into one
great whole. . . It is an intui4ve truth that a consolidated
republican form of government [will lead] . . . into a monarchy,
either limited or despo4c.

F
____ 12.The vigor of government is essen4al to the security of
liberty.
Strong
 AF
____ 13.In our case, the concurrence of thirteen dis4nct sovereign wills is
requisite under the Confedera4on to the complete execu4on of every
important measure that proceeds from the Union. It has happened as was to
have been foreseen. The measures of the Union have not been executed;
and the delinquencies of the States have step by step matured themselves to
an extreme, which has, at length, arrested all the wheels of the na4onal
government and brought them to an awful stand.

____ 14.. . . one government . . , never can extend equal benefits to all parts
of the United States. Different laws, customs, and opinions exist in the
different states, which by a uniform system of laws would be unreasonably
invaded.

AF
____ 15.The number of the representa4ves [called for in the Cons4tu4on of
1787] appears to be too few, either to communicate the requisite
informa4on of the wants, local circumstances, and sen4ments of so
extensive an empire, or to prevent corrup4on and undue influence in the
exigencies of such great powers.