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B.Sc.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Mechanics of Materials-II
Problem Sheet No. 3

1. A simply supported beam of length L and flexure rigidity EI carrying a load W,


(a) uniformly distributed over the whole beam, (b) concentrated at mid-span. Compare
(i) deflection at the mid-span using Castigliano's theorem, (ii) strain energy stored for the same
value of maximum bending stress.
 5 U 8
[Ans: (i) u  (ii) u  ]
c 8 Uc 5

2. Using Castigliano's theorem or virtual work principle determine (i) slope of the free end,
(ii) deflection at the free end, (iii) deflection at the mid-span of a cantilever beam of length L and
flexure rigidity EI carrying a load W (a) uniformly distributed over the whole beam,
(b) concentrated at mid-span.
WL2 WL3 17WL3 WL2 5WL3 WL3
[Ans: (a) (i) (ii) (iii) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) ]
6 EI 8 EI 384 EI 8 EI 48 EI 24 EI

3. A simply supported beam of length L and flexure rigidity EI carries a concentrated load at a
distance of D from the left-end support. Determine the deflection of the beam underneath the load
using Castigliano's theorem.
WD 2 L  D 
2
[Ans: ]
3EIL
L
4. Using Castigliano's theorem or virtual work principle
determine the horizontal and vertical deflection of point A
of the member shown in Figure 1. 0.25L
3 3 Pm Fig. 1
13PL PL A
[Ans: , ]
192 EI 8 EI

5. A beam of 3 m length is simply-supported at each end B C


and is subjected to a couple of 9 kNm at a point B, 2 m A
from the left end as shown in Figure 2. Determine the 9 kNm
slope at B. EI = 30 kNm2. Fig. 2
[Ans: 0.1 rad] 2m 1m

6. Two identical rectangular section steel members are loaded in the following way: (a) one is
subjected to an axial tensile force W, (b) the other is supported as a cantilever and subjected to a
load W at its free end. If each member is required to absorb the same strain energy, compare the
maximum stresses which this would cause in each case.
[Ans:  b  3 t ]

7. A hollow shaft, subjected to a pure torque, attains a maximum shear stress of  . Given that the
2

strain energy per unit volume is , calculate the ratio of shaft diameters. Determine the actual
3G
diameters of such a shaft to transmit 4 MW at 110 rpm when the energy stored per unit volume is
20,000 Nm/m3. G = 80,000 N/mm2.
[Ans: 1.732; 306 mm, 177 mm]
8. Using Castigliano's theorem or virtual work principle find the deflection and rotation at the middle
of a cantilever beam of length L and flexure stiffness EI carrying a uniformly varying load from zero
at the free end to wo at the fixed end.
49 wo L4 15wo L3
[Ans: , ]
3840 EI 384 EI
9. An aluminium beam is supported by a pin at one end at point A and D 4 Fig. 3
an inclined aluminium bar at point D, as shown in Figure 3. Using 3
Castigliano's theorem find the deflection at C caused by the
application of the downward force P of 2 kN at that point. The A C
B
cross section of the beam is 0.5 dm2, and that of the bar, 0.05 dm2. P
E = 70 GPa and I = 6000 cm4 (for the beam). Neglect deflection 2m 4m
caused by shear.
[Ans: 19 mm]
A B D
10. For the planar system of the three elastic bars shown in Figure 4.
Find the forces in the bars, using Castigliano's theorem, caused by
applied force P. The cross-sectional area A of each bar is the same, L
 
and their elastic modulus is E.
P cos 2  P C
[Ans: FAC  FDC  , FDC  ]
2 cos 3   1 2 cos 3   1 Fig. 4
P
11. Using Castigliano's theorem find the reactions at end A of a fixed ended beam of length L and
flexure rigidity EI carrying a uniformly varying load from zero at end A to wo at the other end.
3wo L wo L2
[Ans: , ]
20 30
12. A beam, fixed at its ends, span 3 m, carries a load of 60 kN at 1 m from one end. Using Castigliano's
theorem find the fixing moments at the ends and the deflection of the load. E = 205 kN/mm2;
I = 8000 cm4.
[Ans: 26.67 kNm, 13.33 kNm, 0.362 mm]

13. A bar of length L and flexure stiffness EI is built-in horizontally and at the same level at each end.
A clockwise couple M is applied at mid-span. Using Castigliano's theorem find the slope at this
point.
ML
[Ans: ]
16 EI
14. A horizontal cantilever ABC, 15 m long, is built-in at A and supported at B, 12 m form A, by a rigid
prop so that AB is horizontal. If AB and BC carry uniformly distributed loads of 0.5 kN/m and
1.0 kN/m respectively, using Castigliano's theorem find the load taken by the prop.
[Ans: 5.81 kN]
A
15. Find the vertical deflection of point B in the pin-jointed truss
shown in Figure 5. Length of each bar is 1.5 m. Area of cross- 0.9 m
section of AB is 1 cm2 and that of BC is 1.5 cm2. E = 208 kN/mm2. B
[Ans: 1 mm]
0.9 m
12 kN
C
Fig. 5

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