LOKMANYA TILAK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KOPARKHAIRANE, NAVI MUMBAI

YEAR 2018-19

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MEC 603 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
COURSE PROJECT
ON
SIMULATION OF AEROFOIL
SUBJECT TEACHER – Dr. J.J. Dange

SUBMITTED BY:

SR. NO. ROLL NO. NAME SIGN

1. 08 ANIKET C. DANDAGE
2. 13 PRAFUL S. GARUD
3. 30 PRASANNA V. NATU
AIM
To study the change in drag &lift forces and drag &lift coefficients of an
aerofoil of NACA series blade & Clark Y using ANSYS FLUENT.

WHY ANALYSIS OF AEROFOIL

 One of the important parts of aeroplane designing( AERODYNAMICS),
 Studying difference in forces ,lift & drag coefficients can help in advancement
of aerofoil selection.
FAILURES
 MECHANICAL FAILURE OR JAMMING
 TOTAL FLAP FAILURE
 FLIGHT CONTROL MALFUNCTION

INRODUCTION
The flow over the aerofoil is an external flow. It is a kind of flow that flows
over the outside the body of an object; in our case ‘the aerofoil.’ These fluid flow
moves around the aerofoil. Due to these flow there are forces developed that are
normal and parallel to the flow, and these forces are called drag force and lift force.
Drag force is a mechanical force generated by the aerofoil moving through the fluid.
And the lift force is the force that helps the aerofoil to gain altitude.
In this project, we are considering low speed air flow over the NACA 2412
and Clark Y aerofoil and using the “ANSYS FLUENT” software aerofoil were
simulated for same attack angle and mesh elements. Coefficient of drag and lift were
obtained from this simulation. Different boundary conditions were needed to be setup
and subsequent drag and lift forces were obtained.
NACA Aerooil
The NACA aerofoils are aerofoil shapes for aircraft wings developed by the National
Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). The shape of the NACA aerofoils is
described using a series of digits following the word "NACA". The parameters in the
numerical code can be entered into equations to precisely generate the cross-section of
the aerofoil and calculate its properties.

Four-digit series
The NACA four-digit wing sections define the profile by

1. First digit describing maximum camber as percentage of the chord.

2. Second digit describing the distance of maximum camber from the aerofoil leading
edge in tens of percents of the chord.
3. Last two digits describing maximum thickness of the aerofoil as percent of the chord.

For example-
The NACA 2412 aerofoil has a maximum camber of 2% located 40% (0.4 chords) from
the leading edge with a maximum thickness of 12% of the chord.

 METHODOLOGY
 Profile drawn in SOLIDWORKS
 Import geometry in ANSYS WORKBENCH and Meshing
 Import Mesh in ANSYS FLUENT and apply boundary conditions
 Solve, post processing and results.

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
 Aerofoil created using SOLIDWORKS and imported in ANSYS for analysis
 Meshing of the body after creating the domain

DRAG FORCE
150 ITERATION DRAG FORCE
NACA 2412 2.0270e-01
CLARK Y 1.9309e-03
 RESIDUAL

X VELOSITY Y VELOSITY Z VELOSITY CONTINUITY k

NACA 6.8726e-01 8.5571e-03 2.6671e-03 1.6417e+00 7.6216e-04
2412
CLARK Y 3.7512e-03 1.1132e-04 503141e-04 1.2280e-02 1.2312e-03
 DRAG COEFFICIENT

150 ITERATION DRAG COEFFICIENT

NACA 2412 9.9649e+02
CLARK Y 6.06893E-02
 LIFT FORCE

150 ITERATION LIFT

NACA 2412 -5.0771e-08
CLARK Y 7.5276e-02
 LIFT COEFFICIENT

150 ITERATION LIFT COEFFICIENT

NACA 2412 -2.4960e-04
CLARK Y 4.3685E+00
  RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

NACA 2412 CLARK Y

DRAG FORCE 2.0836e-01 1.1590e+01
DRAG 1.0243e+03 7.5689e+02
COEFFICIENT
LIFT FORCE -4.4787e-08 5.8320e-03
LIFT -2.2018e-04 3.8086e-01
COEFFICIENT

REMARKS:
From the above results it is
clear that the drag of CLARK Y is less than
than NACA 2412 and at the same time lift
of CLARK Y is better than NACA 2412.
Hence we conclude CLARK Y
has better aerodynamic design than NACA
2412.