Bouendeu CleanTech Inc.

327 Boulevard Saint-Joseph

J8Y 3Z1, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada
Tel: +1-819-307-3329
info@bouendeu-cleantech.com
www.bouendeu-cleantech.com
HST # 80774 5807RT0001
Import-Export # 807745807RM0001

Battery Technologies
Problems & Solutions
Dr. Emmanuel Bouendeu, P. Eng.
The Problem
Renewable energies such as solar energy and wind energy
are intermittent energies which are not produced at a
constant rate any time. In many applications where they
are used, the correlation between the energy production
and utilization is negative meaning that the energy is
needed when the production is not available. In such
applications, the electricity produced needs to be stored
and made available when it is needed. Lead acid, gel and
AGM (Absorbed Glass Matt) batteries are often used as
electricity storage units in renewable energies and many
other applications. The common drawbacks of these
electricity storage units are:
1. The poor performance at low and high operation
temperature and the plate sulfation
2. The loss of active material and the high internal
resistance
3. The environmental pollution and the low fast
charge and discharge ability
4. The short cycle life and the high life cycle cost.
Lithium battery technology has been designed as a means
to overcome the above drawbacks, but the problem with
the lithium battery remains the high cost and the poor
performance in low temperature operation.
The Solution
The Lead Crystal Battery is a new technological
breakthrough in the electricity storage industry which has
been developed to overcome the main drawbacks of the
conventional electricity storage units like lead acid, gel,
AGM and lithium batteries. In the lead crystal battery, a
SiO2–based electrolyte in combination with a particular
type of AGM material as separator is used to fix the active
material of the plates and enhance the channel for ion
exchange. During the initial charge and discharge cycles
the SiO2–based electrolyte solidifies and forms a non toxic
white crystalline substance resulting in a safe, fluid-less
high performance, environmentally friendly battery with
the following advantages:
1. Lowest life cycle cost and eco-friendly
2. Longest lifetime and highest efficiency
3. Low and high temperature resistance and low
internal resistance
4. Faster charge and discharge ability
Comparison of Battery Technologies
The table below presents the comparison between
different batteries technologies.
For more information, contact us at
bouendeu@bouendeu-cleantech.com
About the Author:
Dr. Bouendeu is expert in Renewable energy engineering, Solid-State Eco-Lighting
energy management and micro-Energy Harvesting. He obtained a Ph.D from the
University of Freiburg in Germany in the area of Micro-Energy Harvesting, an
engineering degree with major in renewable energies and a master degree in the
field of optoelectronics both at the University of Cologne in Germany and an
engineering diploma in Microelectronics in France. Since 2011, he is Chief
Technical Officer at Bouendeu CleanTech Inc.. Dr. Bouendeu is professor in the
University of Ottawa and member of the association of German engineers and
EU-engineers and is a profession engineer in Ontario.

Lead Acid AGM Gel Crystal Lithium Ion

Working temperature range -18˚C to +45˚C -20˚C to +45˚C -20˚C to +60˚C -40˚C to +65˚C -20˚C to +65˚C
Life usage @80% 2-3 years 3-4 years 4- 5 years 8-10 years 8-15 years
High current charge capability 0.1 C 0.3 C 0.2 C 0.5 C 0.4 C
Discharge cycle @80% 250 300 500 700 1000
High current discharge ability Not good Normal Not good Good Good
Battery packability* Fair Fair Fair Good Very Good
Environment Polution Not friendly Not friendly Not friendly More Friendly Friendly
Life cycle cost Very High High High Very low Low
*Battery packability is the ability to build a battery pack with a battery technology used.

© 2011 Bouendeu CleanTech Inc.