RDM4701/101/0/2019

Tutorial Letter 101/0/2019

Reticulation Design Management IV

Theory
RDM4701

Year module

Department of Civil & Chemical Engineering

This tutorial letter contains important information

about your module.

BARCODE

Open Rubric
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

CONTENTS
Page

1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
2 PURPOSE AND OUTCOMES ......................................................................................................3
2.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Outcomes .....................................................................................................................................3
3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS ...................................................................................6
3.1 Lecturer(s) ....................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Department ...................................................................................................................................7
3.3 University ......................................................................................................................................7
4 RESOURCES ...............................................................................................................................8
4.1 Prescribed books ..........................................................................................................................8
4.2 Recommended books ...................................................................................................................8
4.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves)....................................................................................................8
4.4 Library services and resources......................................................................................................8
5 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES ................................................................................................9
6 STUDY PLAN ...............................................................................................................................9
7 PRACTICAL WORK ................................................................................................................... 10
8 ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................... 10
8.1 Assessment criteria ..................................................................................................................... 10
8.2 Assessment plan ......................................................................................................................... 10
8.3 Assignment numbers .................................................................................................................. 10
8.3.1 General assignment numbers ..................................................................................................... 10
8.3.2 Unique assignment numbers....................................................................................................... 11
8.4 Assignment due dates................................................................................................................. 11
8.5 Submission of assignments......................................................................................................... 11
8.6 The assignments ......................................................................................................................... 11
8.7 Other assessment methods ........................................................................................................ 16
8.8 The examination ......................................................................................................................... 16
9 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS......................................................................................... 17
10 SOURCES CONSULTED ........................................................................................................... 17
11 IN CLOSING ............................................................................................................................... 17
12 ADDENDUM ............................................................................................................................... 17

2
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

Dear Student

1 INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the subject Reticulation Design & Management IV (RDM4701) at
UNISA. This tutorial letter serves as a guideline to this course. It provides you
with general administrative information as well as specific information about the
subject. Read it carefully and keep it safe for future reference. We trust that you
will enjoy this course.

2 PURPOSE AND OUTCOMES

2.1 Purpose

This module is core for most specializations in BTech Civil Engineering. The
purpose of this module is to introduce students to basic design of a reticulation
system, with guidelines on various auxiliary facilities.

2.2 Outcomes

Specific outcome 1: The student must be able to understand the importance of

the subject and how it relates to the field of Civil engineering.
Assessment criteria:

 Correctly explains the importance of the subject.

 Clearly relates the module to Civil engineering field.
 Uses various symbols properly in calculations

Specific outcome 2: The student must be able to explain different sources and
uses of water, fluctuation in demand, and the factors affecting the volume and
rate of flow.
Assessment criteria:

 Clearly identifies various sources and uses of water

 Clearly calculates requirements for fire protection
 Correctly calculates volume and rate of flow to satisfy various demands, and
identifies influencing factors.

3
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

Specific outcome 3: The student must be able to understand basic hydraulic

principles.
Assessment criteria:

 Clearly use the flow-head loss relationship in calculations.

 Correctly calculate minor energy losses.
 Correctly calculate optimum parameters for various shapes.
 Correctly calculate critical flow and optimum flow depth.
 Show an understanding on the analysis of complex supply systems.

Specific outcome 4: The student must be able to understand and design a water
distribution systems using the Hardy cross method.
Assessment criteria:

 Correctly designs a water distribution system using the Hardy-Cross method of

analysis.
 Correctly predicts flow and sizes storage facilities.

Specific outcome 5: The student must be able to understand and explain various
ancillary works of reticulation systems.
Assessment criteria:

 Show understanding of water towers, water mains and service reservoirs.

 Clearly explain the operation of fire hydrants.

 Clearly explain the role of pumps.

Specific outcome 6: The student must be able to show understanding on the

design of storm water networks, consisting of open channels.
Assessment criteria:

 Correctly explain various aspects of the management of storm water networks.

 Correctly estimate run-off using various formulae.
 Correctly draw the layout of open channels, and computes open channel flow
using various formulae.
 Correctly designs open channels.
 Clearly calculates flow through channels of composite roughness.

4
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

Specific outcome 7: The student must be able to show understanding on the

design of storm water networks, consisting of pipes.

Assessment criteria:

 Correctly show an understanding of design parameters.

 Clearly draw a pipe network system layout.
 Clearly design a pipe network using a step-by-step procedure
 Correctly explain the valuable uses of storage ponds.
 Correctly do a hydraulic design of culverts through embankments for roads.

Specific outcome 8: The student must be able to show understanding on the

design of wastewater conveyance systems.

Assessment criteria:

 Correctly describe a wastewater conveyance from households to the

purification works.
 Correctly identify the various components of such a system, and the required
design parameters.
 Correctly determine pipe sizes required based on average and design flow
rates.
 Clearly explain different sanitation systems

Specific outcome 9: The student must be able to show understanding on the

use of pumps in water supply systems.

Assessment criteria:

 Correctly identify various types of pumping devices and their general design
criteria.

 Correctly compute the hydraulic design of centrifugal pumps.

 Clearly identify methods to protect pumping lines from transient pressures.

5
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

Specific outcome 10: The student must be able to discuss an environmental

impact assessment.

Assessment criteria:

 Clearly and correctly discuss an environmental impact assessment.

 Correctly show ability to compile of an environmental protection plan.

 Clearly discuss the national water management strategy.

Specific outcome 11: The student must be able to evaluate the best design
based on economics.

Assessment criteria:

 Correctly select a pipe material, size and other design features based on
economics.

3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS

3.1 Lecturer(s)

Your subject lecturer is: Dr. Ednah Onyari-Benecha. Should you face any
difficulty in regard to the subject content, please do not hesitate to contact her at
the details provided below.

Office Tel number: (011) 471 3379

Email: onyarek@unisa.ac.za

Contact times Mon-Friday: 08:00 am – 16:00 pm

6
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

3.2 Department

If you have trouble contacting the lecturer directly, please contact the
Department's secretary at (011) 471-2048. The best time to contact us is
between 08:00 and 13:00. However, you can send an email to
civil&chemical@unisa.ac.za.

You will have received a document named my Studies @ Unisa during

registration. This document contains all the important telephone numbers that
you might need during this year. Consult this document for the appropriate
contact numbers. Please do NOT call the lecturer for services supplied by the
support departments

3.3 University

When wishing to communicate with the University requiring administrative or

other non-module related queries, please use the contact details below.

Contact addresses of the various administrative departments are included in my

Studies @ Unisa, which you receive with your study package.

Physical address:
University of South Africa
Preller Street
Muckleneuk
Pretoria
City of Tshwane

University of South Africa

PO Box 392
Unisa
0003
Email: study-info@unisa.ac.za

7
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

Online address: http://my.unisa.ac.za

4 RESOURCES
4.1 Prescribed books
There are no prescribed books in this module
4.2 Recommended books
The following are the recommended books in this module.
1) Featherstone R. E. and Nalluri C.
Civil engineering Hydraulics,
Blackwell science,1995

2) Hwang N H C and Houghtalen R. J.

Fundamentals of hydraulic engineering systems,
Prentice Hall, USA, 1996.
4.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves)
There are no E-reserves in this module.
4.4 Library services and resources
The Unisa Library offers a range of information services and resources:

 for detailed Library information go to

http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library
 for research support and services (e.g. personal librarians and literature
search services) go to
http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library/Library-
services/Research-support

The Library has created numerous Library guides:

http://libguides.unisa.ac.za
Recommended guides:

 Request and download recommended material:

http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/request
 Postgraduate information services:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/postgrad
 Finding and using library resources and tools:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/Research_skills
 Frequently asked questions about the Library:
8
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/ask
 Services to students living with disabilities:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/disability

5 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES

The Study @ Unisa brochure is available on myUnisa: www.unisa.ac.za/brochures/studies
This brochure has all the tips and information you need to succeed at distance learning and,
specifically, at Unisa.

6 STUDY PLAN
Use your my Studies @ Unisa brochure for general time management and
planning skills.

CHAPTERS DESCRIPTION
1 INTRODUCTION
2 WATER DEMAND AND SOURCES OF
SUPPLY
3 HYDRAULICS
4 DESIGN OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
5 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
AND ANCILLARY WORKS
6 STORM WATER: OPEN CHANNEL
NETWORKS
7 STORM WATER: PIPE NETWORKS
8 WASTEWATER NETWORKS
9 PUMPING INSTALLATIONS
10 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND WATER
MANAGEMENT
11 PIPELINE ECONOMICS

9
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

7 PRACTICAL WORK
There are no practicals for this module. However, there is a project linked
to this subject referred to as RDM4702. You will receive a different study
guide for the project.

8 ASSESSMENT
8.1 Assessment criteria

This module has two assignments that contribute 50% each to the
formative assessment. Formative assessment for RDM4701 takes place
through a year mark system. The sub-minimum for this module is at
least 40% in the year mark to be allowed to write exams. The module
has a summative assessment written as a venue based examination that
is open book.
8.2 Assessment plan

The main purpose of an assignment is to encourage you to study your study

guide and the recommended books, to read certain sections over and over
again, and to think about the tutorial matter in terms of its practical application.
Some sections may be more difficult than others, and you will have to read your
recommended books for more in depth understanding of the topic.

Assignment 1 and 2 are written assignments, ensure that you work through your
assignments clearly and submit on time. You may submit a specific assignment
ONLY ONCE. No duplicates of an assignment will be accepted. Retain proof of
your submission by making a printout or saving an electronic copy of your
submission confirmation report.

8.3 Assignment numbers

8.3.1 General assignment numbers

There are two assignments in this module Assignment 1 and 2.

10
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

8.3.2 Unique assignment numbers

Assignment Unique Number Weight

Assignment 1 820589 50%

Assignment 2 778861 50%

8.4 Assignment due dates

Assignment Submission date

Assignment 1 31 May 2019

Assignment 2 15 July 2019

8.5 Submission of assignments

You can only submit your assignment electronically through MyUnisa.

Important:

 Do all your calculations and plot graphs using EXCEL.

 Submit your assignment as a PDF through MyUnisa.

8.6 The assignments

ASSIGNMENT 1

ASSIGNMENT 1
DUE DATE 31 May 2019
UNIQUE NUMBER 820589
STUDY MATERIAL Study guide
SUBMISSION Electronically via MyUnisa
PROCEDURE
NUMBER OF 3
QUESTIONS
NOTE: YOU MUST HAVE A SUBMINIMUM OF 40% IN THE
YEAR MARK TO WRITE THE EXAM.

11
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

QUESTION 1(20 Marks)

Table 1.1 gives the information of an urban township.

Table 1.1: Urban township dwellings

Type of development Number of units
Dwelling houses(800m2 erf area) 40
Shop (400m2 floor area) 3
Church 2

a) You are required to determine the average high limit annual water demand of the township.
b) Determine the peak flow for the township.
c) Calculate the storage capacities if the service reservoir provides 80% of the AADD and the
elevated tank carries the remaining 20%. Consider one service reservoir and one elevated
storage tank.
d) If the growth rate of the township is 2.8% per year, calculate the AADD in 25 years.

QUESTION 2 (60 Marks)

a) Discuss in detail the Hardy cross method in water distribution network design.

b) A pipe network consisting of two loops is shown in Figure 1. The pipe characteristics; pipe
lengths, L and diameters D are given in Table 1.2. The nodal inflow at node 1 and nodal
outflow at node 3 are shown in the figure. Assume a constant friction coefficient, λ for all pipes
of 0.025. Assume an equal initial flow through pipe 1, 4 and pipe 5. Do 3 iterations to correct
flows using the Hardy Cross method.

12
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

Node 1 Pipe 1
0.75 m3/s
Node 2

Pipe 5
Pipe 4 Pipe 2

X m3/s
Node 4 Pipe 3 Node 3

Figure 1: Water supply looped network.

Table 1.2: Pipe diameters and Length

Pipe No. Length(m) Diameter(mm)
Pipe 1 500 250
Pipe 2 300 200
Pipe 3 500 200
Pipe 4 300 250
Pipe 5 650 200

QUESTION 3 (20 Marks)

A 7.25 m wide road slopes to one side at a cross-fall of 4.125%. A wedge shaped channel is
formed with one side a vertical kerb and the other side the road cross-fall, with an equivalent
manning’s roughness coefficient of 0.0175. The longitudinal slope is 1:120, over a total length
of 65 m of road surface. Take a point rainfall of 32 mm and the time of concentration of the
area to be 5 min.

i. Calculate the discharge

ii. Calculate the depth of flow.
iii. What length of kerb inlet would be needed to remove the full amount of
flow?
iv. If the kerb inlet was at a low point and a double flow as calculated in (i)
above was collected at this point from the other side of the kerb-inlet, how
many 1m lengths of kerb-inlet should be used?
v. If 60% of the flow should be intercepted at a point 62 m downstream of
the 7.25 m wide road, what length of inlet should be provided?

13
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

ASSIGNMENT 2
ASSIGNMENT 2
DUE DATE 15 July 2019
UNIQUE NUMBER 778861
STUDY MATERIAL Study guide
SUBMISSION PROCEDURE Electronically - MyUnisa
NUMBER OF QUESTIONS 3

QUESTION 1 (25 marks)

A new sewer is to be designed in Eastern Cape which consists of 127 000 people of the lower
income group and their wastewater is to be carried in pipe 1. Pipe 2, carries flow from a
nearby village with 10 500 dwelling units of a middle income level. Pipe 3 carries flows from a
high income community with 6 500 dwelling units. Pipe 1, Pipe 2, and pipe 3 will together
contribute to pipe 4. Assume the peak flows of pipe 1, 2, and 3 to reach pipe 4 at the same
time. The system is a combined sewer thus designed to carry stormwater and wastewater.
Determine:

i. The ADF, PDF, and PWF for Pipe 1, 2 and 3.

ii. The inside diameter of the outfall sewer, pipe 4, at the minimum velocity. (Assume that
internal pipe diameters are available in increments of 50mm)
iii. What gradient will be suitable for pipe 4, if a manning roughness coefficient is assumed
to be 0.0145?

Pipe 1

Pipe 3
Pipe 2

Pipe 4

To wastewater treatment plant

Figure 2: A wastewater sewer system

14
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

QUESTION 2(15 marks)

A new township requires a water supply system to be installed. Water needs to be provided to
this new development by a pipeline for which a choice between two types of pipe systems must
be made. The data shown in Table 2.1 is for pump Type A.

Table 2.1: Type A Characteristics

Initial capital cost of pipeline R 145 000
Pump equipment cost R 48 000
Annual energy cost R 6 500
Increase in annual energy cost R 57
Estimated life: Pipeline 25 Years
Pump equipment 10 Years

An economic analysis over 50 years using the equivalent uniform annual cash flow method
(EUACF) is required. The total EUACF was calculated for Type B as R 75 000. Which of these
pipes is the most economical?

Assume:

1. Take the rate of return of 8% p.a.

2. Zero salvage values for both the pump installation and pipelines at the end of the lives
given and renewal/replacement cost to be equal to the initial costs given.

QUESTION 3 (30 Marks)

The results of a pump test are provided in Table 2.2

Table 2.2: Pump characteristics

Discharge(L/s) 0 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 76.00

Head(m) 45.50 44.10 42.15 35.58 26.43 14.24

(a) Plot the pump performance characteristic curve.

(b) Plot the characteristic curve for two pumps in series.
(c) Plot the characteristic curve for two pumps in parallel.
(d) What pump configuration would work for a required flow of 120.00 L/s, which must
overcome a head of 25.00 m?
(e) What pump configuration would work for a required flow of 125.00L/s, which must
overcome a head of 40 m?

15
8.7 Other assessment methods

There are no other assessment methods for this module.

8.8 The examination

Use your myStudies@Unisa brochure for general examination guidelines and

examination preparation guidelines.

This module is offered in a year period. This means that your examination will be
written in October/ November 2019, and the supplementary examination will be
written in Jan/Feb 2020.

EXAMINATION INFORMATION FOR RETICULATION

DESIGN & MANAGEMENT (RDM4701)
Type of examination OPEN BOOK
Examination Language English
Calculators allowed Yes

You will be informed by the Examination Department regarding the date, time and
venue of the examination. If you have any queries pertaining to this please contact
the Examination Department. The assignments will contribute 30% to the total
year mark, and the exams will contribute 70%.

FINAL CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS

EXAMINATION MARK

Assignment 1 (Compulsory) (50 %) 15%

Assignment 2 (Compulsory) (50 %) 15%

NOTE: The sub-minimum is at least 40% in the year mark to be allowed to

write the exam.

16
 RDM4701/101/0/2019

9 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

The myStudies@Unisa brochure contains an A-Z guide of the most relevant study
information.

10 SOURCES CONSULTED
N/A

11 IN CLOSING
N/A

12 ADDENDUM
N/A

17