SUBMITTED BY:

SHAHZAIB ARSHAD (9976)

SUBMITTED TO:

MISS AYESHA SOHAIL

LEADERSHIP AND
EMPOWERMENT
 LEADERSHIP AND EMPOWRMENT

Leadership

What is leadership? A simple definition is that leadership is the

art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a
common goal. In a business setting, this can mean directing
workers and colleagues with a strategy to meet the company's
needs.
This leadership definition captures the essentials of being able
to inspire others and being prepared to do so. Effective
leadership is based upon ideas (whether original or borrowed),
but won't happen unless those ideas can be communicated to
others in a way that engages them enough to act as the leader
wants them to act.

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Types of Leadership Styles
Three major leadership styles are:
1. Authoritarian or Autocratic

2. Participative or Democratic

3. Free-rein or Delegate

Authoritarian Style:
When the leaders tell their subordinates/followers at their own what
work they want to get done, and how – it is known as authoritarian or
autocratic leadership style.

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Participative Style:
In the authoritarian style the leader used to say – “I
want you to….”, but in participative style the leader says – “let us work
together to solve this problem”.

Free-rein Leadership Style:

In this style the leader says – “you take
care of the problem”. Final responsibility always remains with the
leader. A free-rein leader does not lead, but leaves the group entirely
to itself.

Characteristics of Leadership

1. Leadership is a process of Influence:

Influence is the ability of an individual to change the behavior,

attitude, and belief of another individual directly or indirectly.
Someone has rightly defined leaderships as the “process of social
influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others
in the accomplishment of a common task”.
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 2. Leadership is not one-dimensional:
The Essence of
leadership is Followership. Leadership is a systems thinking in
multiple dimensions. In terms of systems thinking, the organizational
performers (followers) are must in the leadership process. Without
followers there can be no leadership.
3. Leadership is Multi-faceted:
Leadership is a combination of
personality and tangible skills (drive, integrity, self-confidence,
attractive personality, decisiveness, etc), styles (Authoritarian to
laissez-faire), and situational factors (organisation’s internal and
external environment, objectives, tasks, resources, and cultural values
of leaders and the followers).

4. Leadership is Goal oriented:

Leadership is “organizing a group

of people to achieve a common goal.” Thus, the influence concerns the
goals only. Outside the goals, the concerns are not related to
leadership.

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 5. Leadership is not primarily a Particular Personality Trait:
A trait closely linked to
leadership is charisma, but many people who have charisma (for
example, movie actors and sports heroes) are not leaders.
6. Leadership is not primarily a Formal Position:
There have been
many great leaders who did not hold high positions—for example,
Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr. and—and Anna Hazare . On
the other hand there are people who hold high positions but are not
leaders.
7. Leadership is not primarily a Set of Important Objectives:
It involves getting
things done.
8. Leadership is not primarily a Set of Behaviours:
Many leadership
manuals suggest that leadership involves doing things such as
delegating and providing inspiration and vision; but people who are
not leaders can do these things, and some effective leaders don’t do
them at all.

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Importance of Leadership:
Leadership is an important function of management which facilitates
to maximize efficiency and effectiveness to achieve organizational
goals. Leadership has paramount importance in present competitive

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business environment, because with the help of leadership a company
will face all the problems very efficiently.
1. Guides and Inspires Subordinates:
A leader has to not only
supervise but also to play a guiding role for the subordinates.
Guidance here means instructing the subordinates the way they have to
perform their work effectively and efficiently. Leadership creates
among subordinates a sense of belongingness and commitment. Desire
for achievement is transformed into a passion.
2. Secures Cooperation:
A leader sells rather than tells. He persuades,
rather than dictates, and creates enthusiasm among his subordinates
and thus, secures their cooperation.
3. Creates Confidence:
Confidence is an important factor which can
be achieved through expressing the work efforts to the subordinates,
explaining them clearly their role and giving them guidelines to
achieve the goals effectively. It is also important to hear the employees
with regards to their complaints and problems.

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4. Builds Work Environment:
Management is getting things done
from people. An efficient work environment helps in sound and stable
growth. Therefore, human relations should be kept into mind by a
leader. He should have personal contacts with employees and should
listen to their problems and solve them. He should treat employees on
humanitarian terms.
5. Maintains Discipline:
By turning subordinates into followers, the
job of securing order and compliance, becomes easy. He motivates the
employees with economic and non- economic rewards and thereby
gets the work from the subordinates voluntarily. It is this willingness
on the part of subordinates which leads to maintenance of discipline.
6. Facilitates Integration of Organisational and Personal Goals:
A leader is one who is visionary,
deciding the destination to be reached. Vision is the source of
organisational objectives. Vision requires synchronisation of goals
through integration of personal and organisational goals.

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A leader creates common goals and understanding among subordinates
that their personal goals are related with the attainment of
organisational goals. It also leads to coordination.
7. Works as a Change Agent:
No change in thinking, processes, and
practices becomes possible without leadership. It is the leader who
convinces actively about the change and making it part and parcel of
their working and reducing resistance to change.

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EMPOWERMENT
Why Empowerment is Important in Leadership:
Employee empowerment becomes more important in organizations as
management styles have shifted to a focus on numerous leaders rather than
supervisors within business world. It is a leader's responsibility to motivate
and engage their followers in their work, and can accomplish this
through empowering their employees.

Four Ways Empowering Leadership Enables

Empowered Employees

1. Enhance the meaningfulness of work

– Help employees understand the purpose, goals, and objectives of the
company

– Help employees understand the importance of their work to the overall

effectiveness of the company

2. Foster participation in decision making

– Consult employees on decisions that affect them

– Share decision making responsibility with employees

3. Express confidence in high performance

– Let employees know you believe they have the ability to improve even
when they make mistakes

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– Let employees know you believe they can handle demanding tasks

4. Provide autonomy from bureaucratic constraints

– Allow employees to make important decisions quickly to satisfy customer
needs

– Keep rules and regulations simple and allow employees freedom in the
way they perform the job

Empowering leadership starts between your ears. The assumptions you

make about your employees drive your behavior toward them. Behave
toward them in ways that will change their assumptions about your role and
their personal role in the work that they do. Help them behave in ways that
conform to these new and more empowered assumptions.

Empowering leadership can create empowered employees, and empowered

employees can create better solutions to your shared problems. Give
yourself permission to make your job easier and your organization more
successful by changing the way you think about your employees and your
role as a leader.

How Can We Improve Organizational Performance through

empowerment:
• Empowerment - giving employees authority and
responsibility to make decisions about their work without
traditional managerial approval and control
• Sharing Information and Decision -Making Authority
• Keeping them informed about company’s financial
performance
• Giving them broad authority to make workplace decisions
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Randolph’s Empowerment Model:

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The Benefits of Employee Empowerment
There are four main characteristics that can be attributed to the employee
when they feel that they are empowered:
1. An employee who feels empowered will feel that their personal work is
important to the organization.
2. An employee who feels empowered will be better able to perform tasks
successfully.
3. An employee who feels empowered will be free to choose how to begin
and end tasks that they have been given.
4. The personal behavior of an empowered employee will contribute to
important outcomes within the organization.
When those four conditions are met, we say that the employee has been
empowered, and it is when an employee is empowered in this way that they
are better able to be persistent and innovative in their work.
Studies have also shown that empowering subordinates had a positive effect
on the creativity of an employee. Such employees will have a higher
amount of intrinsic motivation and so they will be more engaged in their
work. They will be more involved in the process of recognizing problems,
gathering information, analyzing it, and finding novel solutions to
problems, which is all part of creativity.
Of course, not all jobs need creativity. However, all jobs will encounter
some kind of problem sooner or later. It is when those problems come
knocking at your door that you need your employee to be creative in dealing
with them. They need to be capable of meeting them head on and planning
and implementing their own solutions to the problems. It is your most
empowered employees who give you the ability to truly shine as a leader.

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There are other benefits that are associated with empowering your
employees. In a way, they are also ways in which you can empower your
employees:
Work Becomes a Lot More Meaningful
Empowering your employees means making them understand the goals,
purpose, and objectives of your company. It also means making them
understand how important their work is to the company when it comes to
achieving all of those.
Employees Participate More in the Decision Making Process
When your employees are empowered, it means you will consult them more
on the decisions that directly affect them within the company. It also means
you will share with them the responsibility of making decisions within the
company.
Employees Will Feel More Confident in Their Performance
When you empower your employees, you will let them know that you
believe in them and their ability to handle the most demanding tasks. You
also believe that they can improve, even when they commit mistakes.
Employees Will be Free of Bureaucratic Constraints
When you empower employees, you allow them to expediently make
decisions that ensure the needs of the customer are satisfied. You also keep
the regulations and policies simple so that they are free in how they will
perform their job.

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