Equations

Kinematics

𝒔 𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚

𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 The definition of average velocity
𝒕
𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅

𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Another definition of average

(𝒗𝒇 + 𝒗𝒊 )
𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 velocity that only works when the
𝟐 𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 acceleration is constant

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
(𝒗𝒇 − 𝒗𝒊 ) 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
𝒂= The definition of acceleration
𝒕 𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟏 𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒔 = 𝒗𝒊 ∗ 𝒕 + ∗ 𝒂 ∗ 𝒕𝟐 𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅 have the final velocity, 𝒗𝒇
𝟐
𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟏 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒔 = 𝒗𝒇 ∗ 𝒕 − ∗ 𝒂 ∗ 𝒕𝟐
𝟐 𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅 have the initial velocity, 𝒗𝒊
𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 = 𝒗𝒊 𝟐 + 𝟐 ∗ 𝒂 ∗ 𝒔
𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 have the time elapsed, 𝒕
𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕
 Equations
Dynamics

𝑭 = 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆
𝑭=𝒎∗𝒂 𝒎 = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 The definition of average velocity
𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

𝑾 = 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 Another definition of average

𝑾=𝒎∗𝒈 𝒎 = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 velocity that only works when the
𝒈 = 𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 acceleration is constant

𝒇 = 𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆
𝒇= 𝝁∗𝑵 𝝁 = 𝒄𝒐𝒆𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒇𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 The definition of acceleration
𝑵 = 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆

𝒑 = 𝒎𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒎
Use this equation when you don’t
𝒑=𝒎∗𝒗 𝒎 = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
have the final velocity, 𝒗𝒇
𝒗 = 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚

𝒑𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒎
𝒑𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒎 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒑𝒇 − 𝒑𝒊 = 𝑭 ∗ 𝒕
𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅 have the initial velocity, 𝒗𝒊
𝑭 = 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆

Kinematics
 Equations

𝒔 𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚

𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 The definition of average velocity
𝒕
𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅

𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Another definition of average

(𝒗𝒇 + 𝒗𝒊 )
𝒗𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 velocity that only works when the
𝟐 𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 acceleration is constant

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
(𝒗𝒇 − 𝒗𝒊 ) 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
𝒂= The definition of acceleration
𝒕 𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚
𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟏 𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒔 = 𝒗𝒊 ∗ 𝒕 + ∗ 𝒂 ∗ 𝒕𝟐 𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅 have the final velocity, 𝒗𝒇
𝟐
𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟏 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒔 = 𝒗𝒇 ∗ 𝒕 − ∗ 𝒂 ∗ 𝒕𝟐
𝟐 𝒕 = 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒑𝒔𝒆𝒅 have the initial velocity, 𝒗𝒊
𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕

𝒂 = 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝒗𝒇 = 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 Use this equation when you don’t
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 = 𝒗𝒊 𝟐 + 𝟐 ∗ 𝒂 ∗ 𝒔
𝒗𝒊 = 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 have the time elapsed, 𝒕
𝒔 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕