INTERNSHIP REPORT ON NETWORKING AT DU ICT

By

Hussien amare----------------------0849/14

Alemu gushsh----------------------0849/14

Yared dessale----------------------0849/14

Juhar wassie ----------------------0849/14

Ahmed hassen----------------------0849/14

Dilla university

November-February 2019
Acknowledgment
First I would like to thank our creator, then next Director of DU ICT for giving us the
opportunity to do an internship within the organization.
I also would like all the people that worked along with me DU ICT with their patience and
openness they created an enjoyable working environment.
It is indeed with a great sense of pleasure and immense sense of gratitude that I acknowledge the
help of these individuals.
I am highly indebted to Director kibebe and
Yigerem for the facilities provided to accomplish this internship.
I would like to thank my Advisor Dr. G. Sateesh Kumar for his constructive criticism
throughout my internship.
I would like to thank wendwosen, College internship coordinator and wendwosen, Department
internship coordinator for their support and advices to get and complete internship in above said
organization.
I am extremely great full to our department staff members and friends who helped us in
successful completion of this internship.
Abstract
This report detail a three month internship in Dilla University ICT, we worked in a basic
networking. The main purpose we have been there in DU ICT is we were very interested to
participate in the Network installation and configuration of the companies’ project. Since the
company provides the project to us, we are assigned to perform in the Network Installation and
Configuration.

The main activity given to us in the company is designing and installing network. This network
is done for different areas in Dilla university. This network installation is done for DU offices in
Odaya’a and TTC. This Network is designed to interconnect the whole DU offices in Odaya’a.
After the whole description of the network, the main activity is designing, installing and
Configuration of local area Network (LAN) for these DU community.
Content

CHAPTER ONE

BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY

Dilla University was the 1996’s Dilla College of Teachers’ Education and Health Sciences with
Faculty of Teachers’ Education and Faculty of Health Sciences. However, in 2001, the College
was included in the newly emerging University – Debub University. In 2004 Dilla College once
again went through another phase and sprung in to a full- fledged University by the councils of
ministers regulation No 129/04. ICT center of Dilla University was established in 2006 as a
computer center, by deploying dialup connection, out-reaching management offices. Lack of
professionals characterizes the center, where instructors from mathematics and physics
departments were assigned to manage and coordinate the office. It was later in 2007 that an
optical fiber installation was activated, exploring almost all the buildings of the time. Despite the
launched developments, its functionality and perpetuity was obstructed for lack of
documentation to refer, and the temporary instability due to institutional partitioning from the
Debub University. Ever since its establishment, the center has been working closely with
different sections of the university to create awareness of ICT, giving training for some staff
members of the University, and most importantly to expand network and Internet facilities for
the University community. The office is currently established as an ICT Directorate office level
with one director five team leaders, 21 professionals and 8 technical supportive staffs.

1.1. Main Products and Services of the DUICT

 Provide sustainable and quality ICT infrastructure and improve student and staff access to
ICT resources in line with University priorities.
 Ensure all staff members are motivated and skilled in the use of ICT to spark the culture
of continuous development in ICT expertise and exposures.
 Initiate/Develop/Supervise application development for different sections of the
University and provide ongoing maintenance of both the software and the hardware.
 Building a digital teaching-learning environment both in terms of teaching-learning
materials and digital resource sharing, promoting interactive academic and professional
communications between teachers, administrative staff, researchers and students.
 Provide on time and online user support platform for the University community.
 Establish a dynamic and adaptive online University communication network serving
internal and external users.
  Expand training and consultancy wings, including income-generating schemes, gearing to
introduce and promote ICT to the internal and external community, by raising the
capabilities and efficiencies in ICT use.
 Use ICT to for e-learning, smart rooms, video conferencing and tele-medicine.

1.2. Main customers and end user of DUICT

 The DU ICT office strives to provide quality information and communication service to
the university's community. Always there is a growing demand towards quality ICT
facility. Moreover, each day brings its own challenge and dangers towards the safe way of
communication on the internet. It is the office's ultimate objective to strive to enhance the
quality of the service and maintain the already existing service intact.
 Providing internet service for the university staff.
 Publishing and maintaining the university's website.
 Providing ICT support in cases of seminars, workshops and other events.
 Establishing computer laboratories and providing support.
 Facilitating the delivery of the ICT and other computer courses.
 Providing assistance in the purchase of computers and other related electronic tools.
 Maintenance work for all the computers, printers and some other related electronic tools
in the university.
 Protecting computers in the university from various computer security threats.
 Developing important applications for the University.
 Providing ICT related training and consultancy.
 Facilitating teaching and learning technologies.

The overall organizational structure and work flow of the

Company
Figure 1:- Over all organization work flow

1.3. Infrastructure and Services Team

Input:- Skilled professionals on networking, Electric power, Networking device like, switch,
Hub Bridge and routers, cables like fiber optics UTP, budget, etc…

Process:- P lan, implement and manage the Internet connectivity to have high

security, internal communication and collaboration platforms (email, portal,

unified communication)s, online and offline backup, patch management and end

point malware protection for campus users and staff workstations, central Identity

management solution for existing and new systems to be implemented.

Output:-Create and manage the physical layer connectivity of new and existing
campuses, buildings, classrooms, offices and laboratories. Creating acceptable and
use policy for the network and Internet. Secure the network from Internal and
external threats. Monitor real time status of the physical and logical connections.
Log and audit network access.

1.4. Business Applications Development and Administration Team

Input:- Software like Packet tracer, eNSP, python, Xampp, Lamp, Wamp, Visuastudio, Neat
beans, sublime, Notepad++, Ubuntu terminal, Adobe Dreamweaver, and framework like
symphony, budget, Skilled professionals etc…

Process:-Analyzing business processes of different sections of the university and

come up with automation solution. Verify the compatibility, scalability and
Integrality the different business automation application going to be implemented in
the University.

Output:-Automate and facilitate the student-instructor communications. Automate

and facilitate the full life-cycle activities of students and staff (from enrollment to
graduation/resignation/retirement). Developing or customizing applications.

1.5. Support and Maintenance Team

Input:-Single point of contact for ICT related issues, problems, requests. Taking
computer related issues/problems from anyone in the university.

Process:-prepare depreciation, discarding and replacement plan for equipment.

Output:-Maintain failed office equipment (printer, UPS, computer, laptops, phones,

network devices).Perform preventive maintenance regularly. Keep an inventory of
maintained and replaced items.

1.6. Training and Consultancy Team

Input:-Newly Implemented applications questions about the new system from user
and ICT team.
Process:-Arrange trainings for the ICT team. Plan Inter-ICT Team knowledge and
exchange sharing. Arrange training for campus users and staff about newly
implemented and developed applications.

Output:-Create basic awareness on Internet, security, productivity tools, emerging

technologies and new projects in ICT for the campus users and staff.
 CHAPTER TWO

THE OVERALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

2.1 How did we get into the company?

As a rule of school of Technology at Dilla University the student has the right to elect the place
for internship program. This internship program is set to enhance the practical education of the
student. In case we elect the best company that provides sufficient work. Since we have
sufficient information about DU ICT we have interested to be in this company. As a result, the
institute appreciates us to find the company nearby offering legal institutional requesting letter to
host us for required periods by assigning supervisors and making the necessary follow up. By
holding this letter we request DU ICT bureau to host me. DU ICT bureau gave the positive
answer to host us for the required period.

2.2 Section of the company we have been working?

Shown above DU ICT Directorate there are four teams and those work together for ICT
directorate with a different staffs.
From those teams basically we have joined the Business Applications Development, Support and
Maintenance Team and Infrastructure and Services Team which is Network installation,
configuration, management and maintenance. We worked with them for four month.
The main purpose we have been there in DU ICT is we were very interested to participate in the
Network installation and configuration of the companies’ project. Since the company provides
the project to us, we are assigned to perform in the Network Installation and Configuration.
The main activity given to us in the company is designing and installing network. This network
is done for different areas in Dilla University. This network installation is done for DU offices.
This Network is designed to interconnect the whole DU offices in Dilla University and TTC. The
main activity is designing, installing and Configuration of local area Network (LAN) for these
DU community.
The necessary equipment (toolkits) used for network installation and configuration are given to
us by our Advisor. We have seen the given governmental office and design network for them.
After design we started our practical job.
2.3. How does the work flow look like in the company?
DU ICT is the magnificent institution that provides inconvincible services for DU communities.
The ICT DU is leaded by bureau of DU ICT directorate.
These bureaus have different professionals. These employees (professionals) are the accessories
of this company.
DU ICT is created to developed country based technologies. This ICT section facilitates the
utilization of computers to increase their productive activity and to avoid wastage of a time. This
section also gives basic computer skills how they use computers, maintaining computers,
automation and how to transfer information from one section to another section by using
networking. Most of the staffs in this section are graduates in Networking (like HCNA, CCNA,
Security and etc…).

2.4. Tasks we have been executing?

In this company we have been executing many tasks.
We are executing two tasks:-
Physical components of network and Network Installation and Configuration

Computer Maintenance

2.5. Physical components of network

Network Devices
Modems convert a computer’s digital data into a format that can be transmitted on the ISP’s
network. Switches, micro segment LANs by sending data only to the computer that needs it.
Wireless access points (APs) connect wireless devices. Routers use IP addresses to forward
traffic to other networks.
In a home or small office, a route often includes a switch, a firewall, and an AP.
Cables and Connectors
Coaxial and twisted-pair cables use electrical signals over copper to transmit data. Fiber-optic
cables use light signals to transmit data. These cables differ in bandwidth, size, and cost.
There are several types of coaxial cable: 10Base5 (thicknet), 10Base2 (thinnet), RG-59 (cable
TV), RG-6 (better than RG-59)
Twisted-pair cables are terminated with an RJ-45 connector. Twisted-pair comes in two types:
 Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP)
 Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP)
Fiber-optic cables are broadly classified into two types:
 Single-mode fiber (SMF) - Uses lasers to send a single ray of light that can travel
hundreds of kilometers.
 Multimode fiber (MMF) - Uses LEDs to send multiple light signals that can travel up to
550 meters. Twisted-pair is the most popular type of cabling used in LANs today.
There are two different twisted-pair wiring schemes: called T568A and T568B. Each wiring
scheme defines the pin out, or order of wire connections, on the end of the cable. Two types of
cables can be created: a straight-through cable and a crossover cable.
A straight-through cable is the most common cable type. The wiring scheme is the same on both
sides. A crossover cable uses both wiring schemes.T568A on one end of the cable and T568B on
the other end of the same cable.

2.6 Network installation and configuration

In network installation and configuration there are so many tasks being executed, among them
these are the list:-
 Crimping : Making different standard UTP cables for connecting same or different
devices with each other using tools like crimper. I develop cross over (for different
devices) and strait through (for the same devices) cables with different standards.
 Trunking: A trunk is used to hold many cables together, and used to move cables from
one place to another. In trunking i did my best to help my group mates. While working on
trunking the work will be based on the floor design.
 Punching :It is a task used to prepare nodes by punching the prepared cable in to the jack
using a tool called puncher and I did my best while punching.
Other than preparing nodes I made punching to prepare patch panels too, which used as a
connector with switch.
 LAN Cable installation

 Testing
Testing is done to check whether the cable crimp is correct or not.
 The Ping Command. Using the ping command is an effective way to test connectivity.
The test is often referred to as testing the protocol stack.we know how to test using a
command ping. We can ping being in any device and by giving IP address of the device
to be tested for its correct combination. Testing Switch Connectivity Computer
Maintenance.
 Window installation(Operating system)of Personal Computer Systems

2.8. Personal Computer Systems

2.8.1. Cases and Power Supplies

 Cases
 Provides protection and support for internal components.
 Should be durable, easy to service, and have enough room for expansion.
 The size and layout of a case is called a form factor.
 Power Supplies
 Converts AC power from the wall socket into DC.
 Must provide enough power for the installed components and future additions.

2.8.2. Internal PC Components

 Motherboards:- The motherboard is the main printed circuit board.Contains the buses, or
electrical pathways found in a computer. Buses allow data to travel among the various
components. Accommodates CPU, RAM, expansion slots, heat sink/fan assembly, BIOS
chip, chip set, sockets, internal and external connectors, various ports, and the embedded
wires that interconnect the motherboard components.
 Fig 3:-Motherboard

 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The CPU is known as the brain of the computer. It is also referred to as the processor.
The CPU executes a program, which is a sequence of stored instructions.
Two major CPU architectures related to instruction sets:
 Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
 Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC)
Some CPUs incorporate hyper-threading or hyper-transport to enhance the performance of the
CPU. The amount of data that a CPU can process at one time depends on the size of the
processor data bus. Speed of the CPU is measured in cycles per second-megahertz (MHz) or
gigahertz (GHz). Overclocking is a technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed
than its original specification. The latest processor technology has resulted in CPU
manufacturers finding ways to incorporate more than one CPU core onto a single chip.

Dual Core CPU - Two cores inside a single CPU

Triple Core CPU - Three cores inside a single CPU

Quad Core CPU - Four cores inside a single CPU

Hexa-Core CPU - Six cores inside a single CPU

Octa-Core CPU - Eight cores inside a single CPU

Fig 4: CPU
 Cooling Systems
Electronic components generate heat. Too much heat can damage components.
 A case fan makes the cooling process more efficient.
 A heat sink draws heat away from the core of the CPU. A fan on top of the heat
sink moves the heat away from the CPU.
Fans can be dedicated to cool the Graphics-processing unit (GPU).
 Fig 5:-Cooling system

 Memory (ROM and RAM)

 Read-only memory (ROM)
Basic instructions for booting the computer and loading the operating system are stored
in ROM.
ROM chips retain their contents even when the computer is powered down.
 Random-access memory (RAM)
RAM is temporary storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU.
RAM is volatile memory, which means that the contents are erased when the computer is
powered off.
More RAM means more capacity to hold and process large programs and files, as well as
enhance system performance.
 Adapter Cards and Expansion Slots
Adapter cards increase the functionality of a computer by adding controllers for specific
devices or by replacing malfunctioning ports.
Examples of adapter cards:
Sound adapter and video adapter, USB, parallel, and serial ports, Network Interface Card
(NIC), wireless NIC, and modem adapter
Types of expansion slots:- Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Advanced Graphics
Port (AGP), PCI-Express, Mini PCI (laptops).
 Fig 2:- adapter cards

2.9. Storage Devices

Storage drives read or write information to magnetic storage media. They may be fixed or
removable.
Hard disk drive (HDD) is a magnetic storage device. The storage capacity is measured in
gigabytes (GB) or terabytes (TB). Magnetic hard drives have a drive motors designed to spin
magnetic platters and move the drive heads.
Solid state drives (SSDs) do not have moving parts, which results in faster access to data, higher
reliability, reduce power usage.
A floppy disk drive (FDD) is storage device that uses removable 3.5 inch floppy disks that can
store up to 1.44 MB of data.
Video Ports:- Connects a video system to an external display device such as a monitor or
projector. Video systems are often designed as an adapter card.
General Port:- Provides connectivity between the motherboard and various external devices
such as printers, external storage and video cameras.
2.10. External Ports and Cables
Video ports and connector types:- A video port connects a monitor cable to a computer. DVI,
Display port, RCA, DB 15, BNC, RJ-45, Mini-HDMI, Din-6
Display cable types:- Display cables transfer video signals from the computer to display
devices, High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), DVI, Video Graphics Array (VGA),
Component/RGB, Composite, S-Video, Coaxial, Ethernet,
Serial ports transmit one bit of data at a time.
A telephone cable (RJ11) is used to connect a modem to a telephone outlet.
USB is a standard interface for connecting hot-swappable peripheral devices to a computer.
Some devices can also be powered through the USB port.
FireWire is a high-speed, hot-swappable interface that can support up to 63 devices. Some
devices can also be powered through the FireWire port.
A parallel cable is used to connect parallel devices, such as a printer or scanner, and can
transmit 8 bits of data at one time.

2.11. What kind of Training we have been taking?

AirOS Introduction
AirOS is the latest evolution in ELTEL's AirOS interface, which includes new features like
AirSelect and the latest versions of AirMax and AirView. It is an advanced operating system
capable of powerful wireless and routing features, built upon a simple and intuitive user interface
foundation.

2.12. What is the purpose of this advanced operating system that is capable of powerful
Wireless and Routing Features?
• Interconnect DUICT Administration and data centers (RIVSS, PMIS, OTRLS, IBEX, Tax
Payer, CIS, HRM, BSC Automation etc…)

2.13. What Procedures we have been using while executing our task?
We have been executing our task in a procedural way. These are the steps we are following while
Local Area Network is to be done for the offices we have been assigned:-
Designing the offices:- The designing of office Structures helps to know the amount of
consumption of materials and it makes our job very efficient.
Every Necessary toolkits, material or equipment are given to us by our advisor YIGEREM and
KIBEBE
These Necessary tools or toolkits are:-
 Cable

 Crimper

 RJ-45

 Tester

 24-port switch/48-port switch

 Wall outlet

 Flusher

 Driller

 Trunk

 Screw
Using every necessary material we are going to the practical work of the Network installation
and configuration in university.
We will put the Switch on its best position
We realize that which place is comfortable and we select the best position that decreases our
consumption of material.
Trunking:- Using our driller we can drill the wall and using screws we tight to the wall. This
used to put the cables inside the trunk.
Crimping cable :- Crimping cables is used to interconnect the Switch with the wall outlet.
The crimped Cable Will pass through Trunk:- The reason why the cable passes through the
trunk is to protect the cables from any damage and to protect the bulky cables in the office.
If wall outlet is needed, Punching is to be done Wall outlet is the main essential tools for
Network installation and configuration process. It helps to connect computers with the switch.
Crimp Cables for the available Computers:- This is simply to interconnect the computers with
the wall outlet.
Testing:- This phase is the essential phase of our job, because we are knowing whether we are
correct or not using this testing phase
Ping command:- The ping command is used to know whether the computer available in the
office is interconnected or not. After all doing this the installation and configuration process will
end.

2.14. How good we are in performing our task?

Practical attachment is used to give students practical exposal of work in different organization.
During this period student is expected to attend the work of the organization like any regular
employee and perform any activities that the organization gives for him/her. The organization
also expected to make maximum effort to utilize the student’s knowledge and skill.
What we have done is is really expressive what our future is. We are really proud that we had got
so many experiences from this internship program. During our stay in DU ICT we have got many
invincible things for our future. We are lucky Nice in performing our tasks; do you know why
did we say this? Because we have got a nice Advisor sent by Dilla university and plus
Professional officer in ICT bureau. Our Advisor is communicating with us at any time about
what to do and what to add on our task. The Amazing thing is our Advisor of the company MR.
kibebe and yigerem.
In a simple word he is:-
networking Professional

Good manager

Problem solver
Without his help to us we can’t work our task perfectly.

2.15. Challenges we faced and Measures Taken

Everybody can face a challenge while performing any tasks so is it. we face so many problems
but these problems do not stopped us from executing our tasks.
Among many problems and Measures taken these are some of them:-
No. Challenges Measures Taken

1. We told to the head of

 Punctuality of the ICT officer and he
Employee told us that he will
 Lead our groups
Employees are not
punctual and they are
not on time always.
2. We had taken the
 Lack of whole responsibility
Responsibility that raise on our work
flow.
However there is the
resource, nobody is
responsible for
checking the
resources available.
3. We have improved
Lack of our communication
communication skill skill gradually and
with Employees mask our self with the
employee of the
Since we don’t have a company.
good communication
skill we got a problem
on it to communicate
with employees.
4. Nothing is done for
Weather condition this challenge

Hot weather condition

is the main challenge
in dilla university.

Table 1: Challenges and Measures Taken

CHAPTER THREE

OVER ALL BENEFIT GAINED FROM INTERNSHIP PROGRAM