The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the

views or policies of the Asian

Development Bank Institute (ADBI), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI
does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology
used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.

GENDER ANALYSIS AND

ANALYICAL FRAMEWORK FOR
WOMEN’S SEXUAL AND
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

YANGHEE KIM (RESEARCH FELLOW, NHIS)

Gender and Health Inequalities
 Discrimination against women and girls, including
gender-based violence, economic discrimination,
reproductive health inequities, and harmful
traditional practices, remains one of the most
pervasive forms of inequalities and one of the most
important underlying causes of poor health
outcomes for women and children (UN 2013a: 36)
 Gender-mainstreaming in health is the process of
creating knowledge and awareness of gender, and
responsibility for health systems and programs
focusing on gender.
 It is necessary to integrate gender considerations
into health policies, programs, and services from
design through final evaluation.
 Without gender based health programs and
systems, it would persist not only health inequalities,
but also gender inequalities.
Comparison of approaches based on gender, human
rights, and quality of care (source: Jhpeigo,2016)
Definition and objectives
 Gender Analysis: an analytic, social science tool that is
used to identify, understand, and explain gaps between
males and females in their social structures.

 Differences in the status of women and men

 Differential access to resources, opportunities, and
services
 The influence of gender roles and norms on works,
decision-making, leadership-role, constraints, and
opportunities
 Potential differential impacts of development policies
and programs
Gender Analysis Framework

Access to Cultural belief

resources systems or norms

POWER

Practices and Institutions, laws,

participation and policies
 Gender mainstreaming in project cycle
5. Sharing knowledge on gender
mainstreaming

1. Gender assessment
and demand
research
4. Gender-sensitive
monitoring and
evaluation (gender-
segregated statistics)

2. gender integration into project goal/

3. gender mainstreaming reflecting gender mainstreaming
factors implementation into project designing
and capacity building
References
 Jhpiego (2016), Gender Analysis Toolkit for Health Systems.
 KOICAS (2018), The Impact of KOICA’s projects on Gender
Equality: How to Strengthen Project Implementation.
 Neil L. Price and Kirstan Hawkins (2007), “A Conceptural
Framework for the Social Analysis of Reproductive Health,” J
HEALTH POPUL NUTR, Mar; 25(1):24-36.
 UNFPA (2009), Frameworks and Policies on Sexual and
Reproductive Health.
 The Women’s Health Council (2007), Gender-Sensitive Health
Services.
 http://www.who.int/gender/mainstreaming