PRESTIGE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

AND RESEARCH, INDORE

SEMINAR PRESENTATION WRITE-UP

Session: 2018-19

MBA (FT) Core (I-Sem.)

 
 

SEMINAR PRESENTATION WRITE-UP

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr. No. Title Page No.

UNITED NATIONS
Introduction
Background
Founding
Structure
Membership
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
UN WITHOUT USA
Is USA part of UN ?
How much USA contribute to UN ?
What would happen if USA leave UN ?
Could UN survive without USA ?
conclusion

 
 

UN WITHOUT USA

 
 

UNITED NATIONS

INTRODUCTION

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international

co-operation and to create and maintain international order. A replacement for the
ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World
War II with the aim of preventing another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member
states; there are now 193. The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, and is
subject to extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna.
The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its
objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights,
fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing
humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict. The UN is the largest,
most familiar, most internationally represented and most powerful intergovernmental
organization in the world.

History

Background
In the century prior to the UN's creation, several international treaty organizations and
conferences had been formed to regulate conflicts between nations, such as the International
Committee of the Red Cross and the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907. Following the
catastrophic loss of life in the First World War, the Paris Peace Conference established
the League of Nations to maintain harmony between countries. This organization resolved some
territorial disputes and created international structures for areas such as postal mail, aviation, and
opium control, some of which would later be absorbed into the UN. However, the League lacked
representation for colonial peoples (then half the world's population) and significant participation
from several major powers, including the US, USSR, Germany, and Japan; it failed to act against
the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, the Second Italo-Ethiopian War in 1935,
the Japanese invasion of China in 1937, and German expansions under Adolf Hitler that
culminated in the Second World War.

 
 
Founding
The UN was formulated and negotiated among the delegations from the Allied Big
Four (the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and China) at the Dumbarton
Oaks Conference in 1944. After months of planning, the UN Conference on International
Organization opened in San Francisco, 25 April 1945, attended by 50 governments and a
number of non-governmental organizations involved in drafting the UN Charter. "The heads of
the delegations of the sponsoring countries took turns as chairman of the plenary
meetings: Anthony Eden, of Britain, Edward Stettinius, of the United States, T. V. Soong, of
China, and Vyacheslav Molotov, of the Soviet Union. At the later meetings, Lord
Halifax deputized for Mister Eden, Wellington Koo for T. V. Song, and Mister Gromyko for
Mister Molotov. The UN officially came into existence 24 October 1945, upon ratification of the
Charter by the five permanent members of the Security Council—France, the Republic of China,
the Soviet Union, the UK and the US—and by a majority of the other 46 signatories.

The first meetings of the General Assembly, with 51 nations represented, and the Security
Council took place in London beginning 10 January 1946. The General Assembly selected New
York City as the site for the headquarters of the UN, and the facility was completed in 1952. Its
site—like UN headquarters buildings in Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi—is designated
as international territory. The Norwegian Foreign Minister, Trygve Lie, was elected as the first
UN Secretary-General.

Structure
The UN system is based on five principal organs: the General Assembly, the Security Council,
the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the Secretariat, and the International Court of
Justice. A sixth principal organ, the Trusteeship Council, suspended operations in 1994, upon the
independence of Palau, the last remaining UN trustee territory.

Four of the five principal organs are located at the main UN Headquarters in New York City. The
Interna onal Court of Jus ce is located in The Hague. Other UN ins tu ons are located
throughout the world. The six official languages of the UN, used in intergovernmental mee ngs
and documents, are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. On the basis of
the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, the UN and its agencies

 
 
are immune from the laws of the countries where they operate, safeguarding the UN's impar ality with
regard to the host and member countries.

Below the six organs sit, "an amazing collec on of en es and organiza ons, some of which are actually
older than the UN itself and operate with almost complete independence from it". These include
specialized agencies, research and training ins tu ons, programs and funds, and other UN en ty.

Membership

With the addi on of South Sudan 14 July 2011, there are 193 UN member states, including
all undisputed independent states apart from Va can City. The UN Charter outlines the rules for
membership:

• Membership in the United Nations is open to all other peace-loving states that accept the
obligations contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able
and willing to carry out these obligations.

The admission of any such state to membership in the United Nations will be effected by
a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council

. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

I would like to give a brief information about the USA , USA is the federal republic composed
of 50 states , a federal district , five major self governing territories and various possessions.
United states is the third or fourth largest country by total area.with a population of over 325
million people. the capital is Washington D.C.

UN WITHOUT USA

IS USA PART OF UN ?
The un officially came into existence on 24 oct 1945, after ratification of United nations charter
by the five permanent members of the un security council – China , France , Soviet union , UK ,
United States of America .

HOW MUCH US CONTRIBUTE TO UN ?

 
 
each year the united states gives approximately $8 billion in mandatory payments and voluntary
contributions to the UNITED NATIONS and its affliated organisations. The biggest portion of
this money - about $3 million this year - goes to the UN’s regular and peacekeeping budgets.

the UNITED STATES is the largest provider of financial contributions to the UNITED
NATIONS, providing 22 percent of the entire UN budget in 2017. And the next biggest
contributor is JAPAN with almost 10 percent , while EU countries pay a total of above 30
percent.

WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF USA LEAVE UN ?

Firstly, there is no official way to leave the United Nations.

There is simple no clause or article in the UN charter, no resolution and no public statements or
procedures regarding withdrawal from the UN.

The U.N. Charter deliberately made no provision for the withdrawal of member governments,
largely to prevent the threat of withdrawal from being used as a form of political blackmail, or to
evade obligations under the Charter.

This means that if the USA wanted to abandon the UN it would have to do so completely
through unconventional terms undefined by international law.

The most likely way of doing this would be

● Stop sending representatives to the UN. If America stops being represented at the UN
and issues a public statement regarding the same, it would have done this to express
their discontent with the way the UN works. Countries like the Soviet Union and Syria
have done this before. However, this would be a slow process.

● Stop funding the UN. USA contributes around 22% of the UN’s budget. Apparently, that’s
more than 185 other countries combined. Not contribu ng anything would send definite
clear signals. According to the official UN website-

 
 
● Stop hosting the UN. Currently, the United Nations is headquartered in New York. USA
could choose to close the UN building, however, this would be full of legal disputes
which complicate the situation. Still, this would be the fastest way to exit the institution.

After USA does all that , the chaos would begin

Firstly, all diplomats and permanent representatives would have to be taken back home
immediately.

Economies around the world would immediately destabilize and the USA would be the worst
hit.

Stocks markets are likely to be in complete chaos over the weeks to come.

The UN would come up with an official statement in a day or so.

Most likely, the UN headquarters would be shifted temporarily to a neutral country. Austria and
Switzerland would be favorable choices.

The implications for the world after this look devastating.

The action would be more or less unprecedented and would shake up its diplomatic relations
with all other nations.

It seems that if this were to happen under Trump, it would be part of a grand scheme of
protectionism and political isolation.

Hence, USA would face immediate counter actions from relatively hostile countries (maybe
Russia) who are likely to subject USA to harsh sanctions. These will affect USA drastically.

Many countries may even suspend diplomatic relations with USA and use another neutral
country to protect its interests in America.

Overall, the event would be disastrous for USA’s foreign policy.

The absence of the UN and distrust between countries would mean

● More bloody conflicts which would be difficult to resolve

● Greater leverage of terrorist groups like ISIS over territory

 
 
● Almost no humanitarian aid to places in distress including war-torn countries and
regions struck with deadly natural calamities.
● A far greater risk of another world war due to hostile nations and nuclear proliferation.
● No checks and balances over authoritarian regimes like that of Syria or North Korea
● No development of infrastructure in developing nations
● Vulnerable economies which are largely unstable and prone to recessions
● Increased fatalities due to diseases which could have been prevented by the World
Health Organization
● A huge disaster in the field of human rights which have protected authoritarian regimes
from inflicting cruel and unethical treatment on their citizens
● And so on.

COULD UN SURVIVE WITHOUT USA.

Yes , The UN would have to find a way to raise funds to cover the shortfall and streamline
operations, but I am certain they would find a way.

Case in point, the United States was not member of UNESCO from 1 January 1995 till 30
September 2003, and they did fine.