Tristan Astrid A.

del Rosario BS-PSYCHOLOGY 3-A

1. What are the drugs that would affect sleep?

 Pseudoephedrine, including the brand Sudafed

 Medications with caffeine. These include the brands Anacin, Excedrin, and No-
Doz, as well as many cough and cold medications.
 Illegal drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines, and methamphetamines.
 Nicotine, which can disrupt sleep and reduce total sleep time. Smokers report
more daytime sleepiness and minor accidents than do nonsmokers, especially in
younger age groups.

2. What are the different types of sleep disorders?

Many sleep disorders are brain disorders that cause interruptions in sleep
patterns. They prevent people from getting enough sleep. Most people require 7
to 10 hours of sleep per day. The brain regulates sleep and is the only organ known
to require or benefit from sleep. Not getting enough sleep can affect quality of
life. Untreated sleep disorders can also cause serious safety problems and medical
issues.

Most sleep problems fall into one of these categories:

• Circadian rhythm disturbances: Sleep/wake patterns that do not follow a

normal 24-hour rhythm
• Hypersomnia: Excessive sleepiness.
• Insomnia: Difficulty getting to and staying asleep.
• Narcolepsy: Usually includes sudden onset of sleep, sudden loss of muscle
tone, and hallucinations when falling asleep or waking up.
• Sleep apnea: Stopping breathing while sleeping.
• Restless legs syndrome: Feelings of restlessness and abnormal sensations in
the legs that typically occur in the evening when lying down and are
improved by movement.
• REM sleep behavior disorder: Involves acting out dreams during sleep,
which can cause self-injury or injury to the bed partner.
• Parasomnias: Sleepwalking and sleep terrors More than 100 sleep disorders
affect millions of Americans. Most can be treated or prevented. Yet many
people never seek help. The first step is to talk to your physician about your
symptoms. Restful sleep is important for your physical and mental health.
• Nightmares and night terrors: These also happen because of not fully
waking up. Again, they are much more common in children than adults.
They can be very disturbing for the person who has them and those around
them. They can also make people anxious about going to bed. Poor sleep
habits make them worse. In general, counselling will make things better.
Every now and then, medications are needed.
 Tristan Astrid A. del Rosario BS-PSYCHOLOGY 3-A

• Bruxism: This involves grinding of the teeth during sleep. It is quite common.
If not treated, it can cause permanent damage to the teeth. Sometimes it
causes jaw discomfort. But often the people who have it aren't aware of
anything. If they use dental guards they can protect their teeth.

3. Why do we sleep?

 Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout your life.
Getting enough quality sleep at the right times can help protect your mental
health, physical health, quality of life, and safety.
 The way you feel while you're awake depends in part on what happens while
you're sleeping. During sleep, your body is working to support healthy brain
function and maintain your physical health. In children and teens, sleep also
helps support growth and development.
 The damage from sleep deficiency can occur in an instant (such as a car
crash), or it can harm you over time. For example, ongoing sleep deficiency
can raise your risk for some chronic health problems. It also can affect how
well you think, react, work, learn, and get along with others.

4. If you travel across several time zones to the east and want to use melatonin to
help reset your circadian rhythm, at what time of the day should you take it?
What if you travel west?

- When going west, take a capsule daily at local bedtime, 2300h (11
pm) or later for 4 days after arrival at each stopover and at your
destination. If you wake in the early hours of the morning (before 4
am) you may take another capsule. Do not take capsules preflight
if going West, except of course, that if your stopover is less than 4
days you will be taking them at bedtime the night before departure.