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1. PHP statement starts always with?

2. Echo / Print examples


3. single quotes ( ' ' ) and double quotes ( " " )
Single quoted strings will display things almost completely "as is." Variables and most
escape sequences will not be interpreted.
Double quote strings will display a host of escaped characters (including some
regexes), and variables in the strings will be evaluated.
4. Comment in PHP
Single line comments
Multi Line Comments - /* ….. */
5. Variable definitions
Variables are storage container in memory
Variables are identified with $ sign
6. Concatenating operator
1.The PHP concatenation operator (.) is used to combine two string values to create one string.
2 Concatenation assignment. =
$string = “PHP" . “MySql";
7. Constant
A constant is an identifier (name) for a simple value. The value cannot be
changed during the script.

8. Include & Require examples


Examples are
<?php include ‘filename.php’ ;?>
<?php require ‘filename.php’;?>
9. Array
a. Indexed array
b. Associative array
c. Multidimensional Array
Indexed arrays - Arrays with a numeric index
Associative arrays - Arrays with named keys
Multidimensional arrays - Arrays containing one or more arrays
10. If statement

 If statement - executes some code if one condition is true

11. PHP Functions


A function is a block of statements that can be used repeatedly in a program.
A function will not execute immediately when a page loads.
A function will be executed by a call to the function.

12. Count() function


The count() function returns the number of elements in an array.
13. PHP Loops
a. While loop
while - loops through a block of code as long as the specified condition is true
b. Do while loop
loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as the specified
condition is true
c. For loop
for - loops through a block of code a specified number of times
d. Foreach loop
foreach - loops through a block of code for each element in an array
14. GET and POST,
a. $_GET[“test”]
b. $_POST[“test”]
c. $_REQUEST[“test”]
15. Global variable
A variable declared outside a function has a GLOBAL SCOPE and can only be accessed outside a
function.
16. Upload file
a. enctype="multipart/form-data"
b. move_uploaded_file();
c. $_FILES[“filename”];
17. hash password
a. md5();
b. password_hash($newpassword, PASSWORD_BCRYPT);
c. password_verify($newpassword, $passwordfromdatabase);
18. Session
a. session_start();
b. session_destroy();
c. unset();
19. date(“Y-m-d”) and time() function
date(“2019-02-03”) time(“h:i:s”)
20. MySQL Statements (Select, Update, Insert into, Delete)
21. MySQL Joins, inner join, left join, right join
22. MySQLi Connect and Close function?
mysqli_connect(HOST,DB,USER,PWD) and
mysqli_close($db);
23. Normalizing a database and types of forms
Normalizing a database is a process of changing the database ‘s structure according to several
rules, called forms.
There are 3 type of forms:
First normal form : 1NF
Second normal form : 2NF
Third normal form : 3NF
24. Types of table relationships in MySQL
a. 1-1
b. 1-m
c. m-m

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