PT PLN (Persero)

PLN ‐ Solar PV  DEVELOPMENT  PLAN
PLN  Solar PV DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Moch. Sofyan
Head of New & Renewable Energy Division
PT PLN ( Persero )

SOLAR WORKSHOP
JAKARTA, INDONESIA , FEBRUARY 8 TH, 2013
1
 Background
Indonesia as an archipelago country, a thousands of island are 
not electrified yet
not electrified yet
7 Provinces with the electrification ratio ( ER ) of less than 60 %, 
LNG
PLN has set up a plan to accelerate the ER target using renewable
PLN has set up a plan to accelerate the ER target using renewable 
G
Gas
energy include solar PV. 
Generated
Generated power in the remote area mostly supplied by diesel 
power in the remote area mostly supplied by diesel
power, with  an expensive transportation cost and  fuel supply  Coal
security problem
71 Locations of small and medium isolated system currently 
HSD MFO
supplied by diesel power. 
PLN ‐ high generation cost at the remote island Geothermal
Trend of cost reduction and efficiency improvement on PV  Hydro
technology
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 PLN Electricity Development Plan 
PLN Plan & Polic
2020
Non‐ReNEW Hydro Geothermal
8% • The electricity demand growth
11%
by 8.5 % annually, supplied by
LNG
various energy resources.
G
Gas
Fossil power plant remain
81% dominant ( 81 % ), mainly Coal
Steam Power Plant with 63 %
New Plants Expansion : 55,3 GW Coal
8,000 
6,877 
, 7,164 
share by 2020.
7,000 

• To reduce oil consumption from

6,436 
6,000  5,583  HSD 5,941 
MFO
4,971  5,034  4,882 
5,000 

4 000
4,000 
4,271  4,181  21 % ( 2011)) to 3 % byy 2015.
3,000 
• Development of renewable Geothermal
2,000 
Hydro
1 000
1,000  energy resources will be first
‐
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 priority, include solar PV.
PLTU PLTA PLTP PLTGU PLTG PLT Lain Total 3
 Electrification Ratio ( as of June 2012 )
2012
2012 2012
R/E Realisasi
Target Pred
Sem I
PLN 71.2% 70.5% 73.3%

(PLN+ Non PLN) 73.7% 72.8% 75.9%

KALTIM:71.1%
KALBAR: 68.4%
RIAU:73.4% SULUT: 74.0%
NAD: 88.1% GORONTALO:54.9% MALUT: 62.8%
%
SULBAR: 63.2% PAPUA: 30.4%
SUMUT: 84.8%

SUMBAR: 74.8%
SULTENG:62 8%
SULTENG:62.8%

JAMBI: 67.4%

BENGKULU: 65.1%
BABEL: 88.0%
SUMSEL: 63.0%
KALSEL:72.8%
DKI: 93.9% MALUKU: 67.1%
KALTENG: 52.1% SULTRA:56.8%
LAMPUNG: 65.2%
SULSEL: 74.1%
BANTEN 77.1%
BANTEN: 77 1%

JABAR: 72.8%

JATENG:78.1% NTT: 43.5%

43 5%
NTB 49.0%
NTB: 49 0%
DIY: 76.0% JATIM: 72.2% BALI:71,0%

PT PLN (Persero)| 4
PLN Plan on Solar PV

• Solar PV Development will be

progressed d intensively
i t i l d
due t
to it
its
potential, technology development,
ttrend
e d o of cost reduction
educt o aandd eco
economic
o c
viability.
• PLN has set up the policy to developed
Solar as an hybrid
h brid system
s stem with
ith existing
e isting
Diesel, Biomass or other RE potentials
in a remote area and small island, to
respond with GOI policy to reduce oil
consumption.

5
 PLN ‐ PV Development Plan
90
Wp
Capaccity, MW

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Year
PV Development
D l t Program
P up to
t 2020 : 620 MW
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 1000 ISLANDS – PV  DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
Pengembangan PLTS
PV Development Program up to 2020 : 620 MW

NAD: 44 lokasi, 7.4 MWp Kaltim: 30 lokasi 24,9 MWp

Sumut: 27 lokasi 6.1 MWp
Sulut, Sulteng, Gorontalo:
Riau: 151 lokasi 60.1 MWp
39 lokasi 30.9 MWp
Babel: 16 lokasi 35.0 MWp Maluku, Malut:
29 lokasi 33.5 MWp
Kalbar: 63 lokasi 40.1 MWp
p
Papua, Pabar:
66 lokasi 44.9 MWp
Sumbar:
42 lokasi 7.7 MWp

Sumsel Jambi,
Sumsel, Jambi Bengkulu:
6 lokasi 3.4 MWp Kalselteng: 96 lokasi 48.7 MWp
Sulselrabar:
Lampung: 18 lokasi 2.5 MWp 17 lokasi 29.7 MWp

Jabar, Banten: 3 lokasi 1.1 MWp

Jateng DIY: 5 lokasi 0.7 MWp

NTT: 99 lokasi 45.2 MWp
Jatim: 12 lokasi 4.3
4 3 MWp
Bali: 1 lokasi 0.3 MWp NTB: 15 lokasi 44.5 MWp

PLN plan to developed Solar as an hybrid system with existing Diesel, Biomass or other
RE potentials in a small islands, to respond with GOI policy to reduce oil consumption
PLN - PV Design Configuration Options
 DEVELOPED BY PLN

Off Grid System (cap : 50 – 100 kW )

Off Grid System (cap : 50  100 kW )

 Off grid: PV Stand Alone System ( connected to LV feeder, 230 V/ 400 V or 
MV line 20 kV, PV and Storage Bank /Battery)

 On Grid System  (cap:  100 ‐ 1000 Kw ) 

 H
Hybrid System
b id S t with
ith Exist.Diesel
E i t Di l or Ohers Power Plant +
Oh P Pl t PV+Battery
PV B tt
( connected to new or existing MV Line ) 

 On grid System (
On grid System ( connected to existing MV  line and without battery)
connected to existing MV line and without battery)

 DEVELOPED BY IPP

 On grid system (cap: 1 – 10 MW)
 On grid System ( connected to existing MV  line and without battery)
 Least Cost Supply Options ( case study )

Levelized Financial Cost of Electricityy
Lipu Kinipan Karitana Hangga
7,000 
Annual Demand 
6,000  (kWh/Year) 341,640  138,335  60,590  55,115 
Levelized Financial Electricity Cost (IDR/kWh)
5,000 
,
PV 80% Availability
PV: 80% Availability 3 135
3,135  4 088
4,088  4 332
4,332  4 099
4,099 
IDR/kWh

4,000  PV‐diesel hybrid: 100% 
Availability 3,514  4,544  4,442  4,353 
3,000  Differential 11% 10% 2% 6%
2 000
2,000  PV: 100% Availabilityy 4,087 
, 5,258 
, 5,772 
, 5,286 
,

1,000  Diesel: 100% Availability 
(Base Case) 6,991  7,024  6,135  6,438 
‐
Lipu
p Kinipan
p Karitana Hangga
gg

PV: 80% Availability PV‐diesel hybrid: 100% Availability PV: 100% Availability

• For 100 percent availability/reliability least cost option is PV‐diesel hybrid
• H
However, for 80 percent availability, PV stand‐alone system has least electricity cost –
f 80 t il bilit PV t d l t h l t l t i it t but the system 
b t th t
suffers from low reliability and high customer dissatisfaction
• For a marginally higher expense, a PV‐diesel hybrid offers high system reliability, and availability, and 
a much more satisfied customer base
a much more satisfied customer base

Electricity Cost from PV-diesel hybrid with 100 percent availability, only marginally higher
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Least Cost PV-Diesel Hybrid Option – Case Study
(drastically reduces reliance on diesel)

Diesel Required for PV‐Diesel Hybrid Compared to Diesel Only Option
25% 12,000 

el Option
10,000 
Option

20%

Year for PV‐Diese
Percentt of Diesel Only O

8,000 
15%
6,000 
10%
4 000
4,000 

Liters per Y
5%
2,000 

0% ‐
Lipu Kinipan Karitana Hangga

Liters/Year Percent of Diesel Only Case

• Diesel required for PV diesel hybrid is about 6‐20% of stand‐alone diesel
• Diesel supplies 6‐13% of electricity, the balance from PV
• Less frequent and lower quantities of diesel would be required
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 Operational implications of PV-Diesel Hybrids

• Has greater operating flexibility in responding to demand variations and near‐term 
demand growth – there is time for investing in additional PV as demand grows
demand growth  there is time for investing in additional PV as demand grows
• Fuel delivery network manageable
– Fuel quantities are significantly less than in diesel‐only option
– Most of the fuel is required in months with lower solar radiation (rainy season 
with challenging sea conditions), therefore sufficient storage needs to be 
maintained 
maintained
• Diesel generator maintenance manageable
– Frequency of maintenance much less as diesels operate fewer hours/year
– PV hybrid system operation are more complex 
• strong capacity building required
• especially for PV‐diesel hybrids in load following mode, automated controls 
i ll f PV di l h b id i l d f ll i d t t d t l
are required to facilitate hybrid operations management – however more 
advanced operators skills are required.

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 FEED‐in TARIFFS Policy (FIT)

 FIT policy for PV,  plan to be issued by GOI.
 Qualified IPP Developer selected based on
IPP Developer selected based on administration 
administration
criteria and quality of technical propossal.
 Technical specification should comply with National and or 
Technical specification should comply with National and or
PLN Standard.
 Tariff incentive available to attract the use of local content.
Tariff incentive available to attract the use of local content.
 Bank or equity deposit  required  in the form of escrow 
account or others form of Bank sertificate at the National 
Bank by IPP Developer before PPA signed
 PPA will be signed with PLN for 20 years contract period using 
the tariff listed in FIT. PLN will prepare a standard contract.

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Propossed Location Criteria of PV ‐ IPP

•Small
Small & medium isolated system which currently supplied
by Diesel power
•The maximum PV capacity limited by 20% of the average
system demand , ranges between 1 MW up to 10 MW .
•PLN average generation cost at the location higher than
the propossed FIT tariff
tariff.
•System configuration: on grid, no battery and operate as an
hybrid system with existing power plants
plants.

67 Location of Isolated system with  total capacity of 150 MW 
propossed for the first phase of IPP ‐ solar development
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 On Grid ­ Hybrid Solar System base for IPP  

 El
Electricity is 
t i it i  No battery storage required
produced and  PV Capacity ranges 1 up to 10 
directly connected to
directly connected to  MW
the PLN grid.  PV‐diesel hybrids in load following 
 Design
Design as PV 
as PV – hybrid mode, required automated controls 
, q
system to provide  to facilitate hybrid operations 
continuous, reliabbe  management
power and   Comply with National or PLN 
comfortable.  standard specification.

14
Summary and Conclusion
 PLN h
has sett up a plan
l tto d
develope
l 620 MW off S
Solar
l PV up tto
2020.
 SSolar
l - hybrid
h b id system
t with
ith existing
i ti DiDiesel,
l Bi
Biomass or other
th
RE potentials selected as least cost option in a small islands,
to respond with GOI policy to reduce oil consumption
consumption.
 PV - Diesel Hybrid operation manageable, drastically reduce oil
consumption but strong capacity building for operational staf
required.
 GOI plan to issued the FIT policy to attract IPP participation on
PV development and about 150 MW capacity of PV - on grid
system has
syste as bee
been allocated
a ocated for
o tthe
e first
st p
phase
ase o
of PV Base
ase IPP
development.
 An incentive policy for domestic product are available to
encourage the development of domestic solar PV industries.
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Terima Kasih

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