Tutorial Problems: AC Circuits

1. Find the energy stored in each capacitor and inductor, under steady-state conditions, in the circuit
shown in Figure Q1.

Figure Q1

2. Find the energy stored in each capacitor and inductor, under steady-state conditions, in the circuit
shonw in Figure Q2.

Figure Q2

3. Find the phasor form of the following functions:

a. v(t) = 155 cos(377t – 25°) V
b. v(t) = 5 sin(1000t – 40°) V
c. i(t) = 10 cos(10t + 63°) + 15 cos(10t – 42°) A
d. i(t) = 460 cos(500πt − 25°) − 220 sin(500πt + 15°) A

4. Given the two voltages v1(t) = 10 cos( ωt + 30°) and v2(t) = 20 cos( ωt + 60°),
find v(t) = v1(t) + v2(t) using phasors.
5. If the current through and the voltage across a component in an electric circuit are
i(t) = 17 cos(ωt – π/12) mA
v(t) = 3.5 cos(ωt + 1.309) V
where ω = 628.3 rad/s, determine
a. Whether the component is a resistor, capacitor, or inductor.
b. The value of the component in ohms, fards or henrys.

6. Describe the sinusoidal waveform shown in Figure Q6, using time-dependent and phasor notation.

Figure Q6

7. Determine the equivalent impedance in the circuit shown in Figure Q7:

vS(t) = 7 cos(3000t + π/6) V

Figure Q7

8. In the circuit shown in Figure Q8:

iS(t) = 13 cos(1000t + π/6) mA
a. State, using phasor notation, the source current.
b. Determine the impedance of the capacitor.
c. Using phasor notation only and showing all work, determine the voltage across the capacitor,
including its polarity.

Figure Q8
9. Determine i3(t) in the circuit shown in Figure Q9 if
i1(t) = 141.4 cos(377t + 2.356) mA
i2(t) = 50 sin(377t − 0.927) mA

Figure Q9

10. Determine the frequency so that the current Ii and the voltage Vo in the circuit shown in Figure Q10
are in phase.
Zs = 13000 + jω3 Ω
R = 120 Ω L = 19 mH C = 220 pF

Figure Q10

11. Using phasor techniques, solve for the current in the circuit shown in Figure Q11.

Figure Q11

12. Using phasor techniques, solve for the voltage v in the circuit shown in Figure Q12.

Figure Q12
13. Solve for V2 in the circuit shown in Figure Q13.
Assume ω = 2 rad/s.

Figure Q13

14. In the circuit shown in Figure Q14, find the value of ω for which the current through the resistor is
maximum.

Figure Q14

15. Using phasor techniques, solve for v in the circuit shown in Figure Q15.
a

Figure Q15

16. For the circuit shown in Figure Q16,

a. assume that the circuit is balanced, i.e. vab = 0, determine X4 in terms of the circuit elements.
b. if C3 = 4.7 μF, L3 = 0.098 H, R1 = 100 Ω, R2 = 1 Ω, vS(t) = 24 sin(2000t), and vab = 0,
what is the reactance of the unknown circuit element? Is it a capacitor or an inductor?
What is its value?
c. What frequency should be avoided by the source in this circuit, and why?

Figure Q16
17. Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit as seen from terminals a−b for the circuit shown in Figure Q17.

Figure Q17

18. In the circuit shown in Figure Q18,

vS1(t) = vS2(t) = 450 cos(ωt) V
A solution of the circuit with the ground at node e as shown gives:
Va = 450∠0 V, Vbc = 779.5∠0.098 V,
Vb = 440∠(π/6) V, Vcd = 153.9∠1.2 V,
Vc = 420∠(−3.49) V, Vba = 230.6∠1.875 V,
If the ground is now moved from node e to node d, determine Vb and Vbc.

Figure Q18

19. The mesh currents and source voltages in the circuit shown in Figure Q19 are
i1(t) = 3.127 cos(377t − 0.825) A
i2(t) = 3.914 cos(377t − 1.78) A
i3(t) = 1.900 cos(377t + 0.655) A
vS1(t) = 130.0 cos(377t + 0.176) V
vS2(t) = 130.0 cos(377t − 0.436) V
Determine L1, C2, R3, and L3

Figure Q19
20. Determine the frequency so that Ii and the voltage Vo in the circuit below are in phase.
ZS = 13000 + jω3 Ω
R = 120 Ω L = 19 mH C = 220 pF

Figure Q20

21. The coil resistor in series with L models the internal losses of an inductor in the circuit below.
Determine the current supplied by the source if
vS(t) = Vo cos (ωt + 0o)
Vo = 10 V ω = 6 Mrad /s RS = 50 Ω
RC = 40 Ω L = 20 μH C = 1.25 nF

Figure Q21

22. Find vout(t) for the circuit shown below.

Figure Q22

23. Using mesh-current analysis, determine the currents i1(t) and i2(t) in the circuit shown below.

Figure Q23
24. The load ZL in the circuit below consists of a 25 Ω resistor in series with a 0.1 mF capacitor and a
70.35 mH inductor. Assuming f = 60 Hz, calculate the following.
a. The apparent power delivered to the load.
b. The real (active) power supplied by the source.
c. The power factor of the load.

Figure Q25

25. A 230 Vrms source has two loads connected to it in parallel. One draws 8 kVA at a lagging power
factor of 0.9, and the other draws 10 kW at a lagging power factor of 0.8.
a. Find the rms source current amplitude.
b. At what power factor is the source operating?

26. Suppose that the electricity in your home has gone out and the power company wil not be able to have
you hooked up for several days. The freezer in the basement contains several hundred dollars’ worth
of food that you cannot afford to let spoil. You have also been experiencing very hot, humid weather
and would like to keep one room air-conditioned with a window air-conditioner, as well as run the
refrigerator in your kitchen. When the appliances are all on, they draw the following currents (all
values in rms):
a. Air conditioner : 9.6 A @ 120 V (PF = 0.90 lagging)
b. Freezer : 4.2 A @ 120 V (PF = 0.87 lagging)
c. Refrigerator : 3.5 A @ 120 V (PF = 0.80 lagging)
In the worst-case scenario, how much power must an emergency generator supply?

27. Determine the time-averaged total power, the real (active) power dissipated, and the reactive power
stored in each of the impedances in the circuit shown below if
VS1 = 170/√2∠0o V
VS2 = 170/√2∠90o V
Z1 = 0.7∠30o Ω
Z2 = 1.5∠6o Ω
Z3 = 0.3+j0.4 Ω
ω = 377 rad/s

Figure Q27