ACAM Part 3 Seminar 2019

FIRE SAFETY ESSENTIALS FOR PART 3 EXAMINATION

Ar Nasharuddin Abdul Majid

23rd March 2019
ACAM Part 3 Seminar 2019
FIRE SAFETY ESSENTIALS FOR PART 3 EXAMINATION

CONTENT
1. The ‘why’ of the fire safety in part 3 exam
2. UBBL must know
3. Fire safety must know
4. Basic neglect – common ignorance and/or misunderstanding in fire safety
4.1. fire appliance access UBBL 40
4.2. 7th schedule
4.3. Height factor in fire safety
5. Review of past year questions
5.1 UBBL
5.2 Role Of Architect / Engineer (Psp / Sp)
5.3 Staircase
5.4 Unprotected Opening
 2
SAFETY OBJECTIVE
5
BOMBA
5
FIRE SAFETY
6
TRIGGER POINTS
14
SAFETY CHECK
REQUIREMENT STRATEGIES

MATLAMAT KEPERLUAN BOMBA STRATEGI KESELAMATAN TITIK TRIGGER SEMAKAN PENCEGAHAN

KESELAMATAN KEBAKARAN
 FSDP (FIRE SAFETY DESIGN PHILOSOPHY / PERANAN ARKITEK
FBA (FIRE ENGINEERING PERFORMANCE
BASED APPROACH) UBBL 136 & 165 SAHAJA 9. SOKONGAN CCC
Untuk premis dan keperluan yang tidak BOMBA
termasuk dalam UBBL 1984
8. PEMERIKSAAN BOMBA
KEBENARAN MERANCANG 10. FIRE CERTIFICATE
KM TATA-ATUR
Designated premises FSA 1988 Act PROSEDUR
341:28(1) 1. PENERANGAN
1. LEBAR AKSES
2. PEMERIKSAAN FIZIKAL
2. CUL DE SAC
3. UJILARI
3. KECERUNAN
4. SEMAKAN DOKUMEN
KM BANGUNAN
5. SYOR DAN KEPUTUSAN
1. JADUAL KE VI
2. PENYEDIAAN PELAN
PENCEGAHAN KEBAKARAN
1. REKABENTUK A. PELAN TAPAK
7. DOKUMENTASI CCC
DISKUSI TEKNIKAL AWAL B. PELAN LANTAI
ARKITEK C. BUTIRAN MANUAL
D. KIRAAN C1, C2,C3
MEKANIKAL & LETRIK E. PERAKUAN
STRUKTUR Arkitek wajib serah pelan dan
syarat kelulusan pelan
REKA DALAMAN 3. KELULUSAN BOMBA pencegahan kepada jurutera
TITIK TRIGER M&E
1. KUMPULAN MAKSUD 4.
2. LUAS LANTAI
PENYEDIAAN PELAN SISTEM
3. TINGGI 6. UJILARI
4. ISIPADU PENCEGAHAN AKTIF (M&E)
5. BAHAYA
6. PENYAMAN UDARA PUSAT CMS/iSNETBOSS 5. PEMBINAAN
Designated Premise for FC
1. Library PENGAWASAN
2. Hospital and nursing home 1. PELAN PASIF
3. Hotel 2. SISTEM AKTIF
4. Hostel and dormitory 3. KEPERLUAN SEMASA PEMBINAAN UBBL 52
5. Office 4. PEMILIHAN DAN KEPATUHAN SISTEM
6. Shop (MS/NPRA ETC)
7. Premises of hazardous process
8. Factory
9. Place of assembly
10. Storage and other premises
• FIRE SAFETY IS CRITICAL IN ARCHITECT’S PRACTICE
• THE NEED TO EQUIP ARCHITECTS WITH BASIC FIRE SAFETY
KNOWLEDGE
• THE POOR PASSING RATE FOR FIRE SAFETY QUESTION
• The myth that fire safety is difficult
• Why answer fire question last?
 UBBL 258: Failure to Buildings
THE PERPETUAL LIABILITY OF ARCHITECT
258. Failure to building
(1) In the event of any failure to any building or part of a building whether in the course of construction or after
completion, the qualified person who –
a) Submitted the plans, drawings or calculations for such building;
b) Supervised the setting out of such building;
c) Certified that the setting out was carried out in accordance with the approved site plan;
d) Supervised the construction of such building;
e) Certified that the proper supervision of such building was carried out

(2) Such principal submitting person ……………

(3) Where the local authority has reasons ……………..
(4) Any principal submitting person who fail to comply shall be guilty of an offence.
(5) Notwithstanding that any plan, drawing or calculation has been approved by the local authority, the responsibility
for the failure of any building or part of a building shall pria facie lie with the person who submitted such plan,
drawing or calculation.
UBBL 245: Approval of DGFR
BOMBA AUTHORITY ON APPROVAL OF PLANS, SYSTEMS AND
245. Approval DGFR MATERIAL
(1) Any construction, development or installation of fire fighting equipment or fire safety installation other than those
confirming to requirement provided in Part VII and VIII of the by-laws shall be submitted to and approved by the
DGFR before the commencement of work
(2) plan, drawing or calculations of all fire fighting installation shall be submitted to the Fire Authority in a manner
prescribed by DGFR before commencement of work.
 THE ‘WHY’ OF FIRE SAFETY FOR ARCHITECTS
Keselamatan Kebakaran - Wajib Tahu

"Adalah saya mencadangkan agar maksud utama cadangan penggunaan projek seperti di atas
adalah dalam Kumpulan Maksud ........ dan keperluan kelengkapan keselamatan kebakaran
adalah seperti berikut: (Keperluan kelengkapan keselamatan kebakaran hendaklah ditentukan
mengikut UBBL pada sesuatu cadangan projek)“

Saya mengakui walaupun apa-apa pelan, lukisan atau kiraan yang diperakukan oleh Jabatan Bomba
dan Penyelamat Malaysia, tanggungjawab bagi kemungkiran kepada mana-mana bangunan atau
sebahagian daripada sesuatu bangunan hendaklah terletak atas orang yang mengemukakan
pelan, lukisan atau kiraan itu.“

(tandatangan)
Nama orang yang mengemukakan
Cop profesional
1

5
 FIRE SAFETY MUST KNOW
Keselamatan Kebakaran - Wajib Tahu
DESCRIPTION CALCULATIONS

CRITICAL KNOWLEDGE UBBL FLOOR AREA & VOLUME OCCUPANCY EXIT & STAIRCASE WIDTH
DIMENSION LOAD
a. Fire triangle & how to kill a. Fire prevention a. Occupancy load a. Access a. Exit Type of exits
a fire b. Fire fighting b. Compartmentation b. Compartment b. Staircase a. Door outside
b. In fire – what kills? system c. Exit & staircase c. Active system b. Horizontal exit
c. The philosophy / objective c. Evacuation width and position c. Ramp main exit
of fire safety d. Travel distance d. Escalator
d. Design/Professional e. Dead end limit e. Storey exit
Liability – whose f. Stairs
responsibility?
e. Satisfying Bomba
requirement Rate of discharge
f. Stages of Bomba UBBL 181
submission 60 person per min level
exits
45 person per min stairs
 UBBL MUST KNOW
Undang-undang Kecil Bangunan Seragam 1984 - Wajib Tahu

1. UBBL 1984 is a subsidiary legislation to Sreet Drainage and Building Act 1974
2. Amendment 2012 is ratified only in Selangor (2012) and Terengganu (2013), Sabah and Pulau Pinang.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT ORDINANCE 1961 (No. 11 of 1961) LAHAD DATU DISTRICT COUNCIL (BUILDING) BY-
LAWS 1982 (G.N.L 20 of 1983)
3. Sarawak Building Ordinance 1994
4. Only Selangor has gazetted full text. Terengganu still depended on Amendment Act. Penang / Sabah
5. Amendment 2012 omit prescriptive provisions and introduce references to MS (Malaysian Standards)

PART III PART IV PART VII PART VIII SCHEDULES

SPACE LIGHT AND CONSTRUCTIONAL FIRE REQUIREMENT FIRE DETECTION, FIRE S5(1) Purpose Group
VENTILLATION REQUIREMENT ALARM AND FIRE S5(2) Dimensions of Building and
EXTINGUISHMENT Compartments
PASSIVE ACTIVE S6(1) Permitted limit of unprotected area

52. Rising main to be 106 to 113. Staircase S6(2) Enclosing rectangle

installed progressively S6(3) Aggregate Notional Area
(UBBL 232)
S7(1) Maximum Travel Distance
S7(2) Occupant load
S7(3) Capacity Exit
2014
2014 PART III PART IV PART VII PART VIII SCHEDULES
SPACE LIGHT AND VENTILLATION CONSTRUCTIONAL FIRE REQUIREMENT FIRE DETECTION, FIRE ALARM S5(1) Purpose Group
REQUIREMENT AND FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT S5(2) Dimensions of Building and Compartments
PASSIVE ACTIVE S6(1) Permitted limit of unprotected area
52. Rising main to be installed 106 to 113. Staircase S6(2) Enclosing rectangle
progressively (UBBL 232) S6(3) Aggregate Notional Area
S7(1) Maximum Travel Distance
S7(2) Occupant load
S7(3) Capacity Exit

i Planning approval stage • Building plan and massing

• Setback
• Road width and gradient
ii Building plan approval • Purpose Group
(passive) stage • Site plan
• Road width, turning radius, 30 ton load, gradient, fire hydrants, breaching inlets
• Building plan
• party walls
• Fire doors
• Determine & calculate occupancy load, travel distance, exit width and location of stairs
• Determine & calculate allowable limit of unprotected area S6
• Compartmentation
• Height compliance for fire fighting access lobby, fire stairs, fire lifts, stairs pressurization
• Determine active system and mechanical spaces required (HR, wet/dry riser, sprinkler, clean
agent)
iii Building plan approval • Upon passive plan approval, communicate approved plans and conditions to M&E engineer.
(active) stage • M&E Engineer to submits active plans/calculations to Bomba
• Monitor compliance, submission and approval, inclusion and interphase
iv CCC stage • During construction monitor compliance with constructional requirement
• Ensure compliance with passive and active requirement, test and commission
• Apply for Bomba CCC inspection and obtain clearance for CCC
 UBBL 140 AKSES PERKAKAS BOMBA
Fire appliance access
UBBL Sel. P.U 142/2012
FIRE APPLIANCE ACCESS
Akses perkakas Bomba
ACCESS WAY ACCESS ROAD
Laluan Jalan Masuk
1. Access way WITHIN site for Bomba appliances to reach building. 1. Public road (federal / state
Can be public road if conditions satisfied. Access opening fronting /municipal) OR any road
access way (in-front of building) LEADING to building
a. 6 m width 2. Normally 12m road
b. 30 ton load (biggest fire truck 26 ton) 3. Gradient 1:8.3
c. Distance between access way and access opening – not 4. Can be considered as access
less than 2 m / not more than 10m way if complies with
d. Access way gradient 1:15 / access road gradient 1:8.3 conditions
e. Dead-end max 46m / if more than 46m to provide turning
area ACCESS WAY PROPORTION
f. Turning area outer radius – refer Bomba
g. Overhead clearance 4.5m 7000 – 28000 m3 1/6
h. Public road can be access way 28000 – 56000 1/4
i. Access way and access road clear of obstruction
2. Corner marking 56000 - 84000 1/2
a. Marking with contrasting color 84000 - 112000 3/4
b. Marking on turf
c. Signage LALUAN JENTERA BOMBA – KOSONGKAN LALUAN 112000 above island
3. Access way proportion to volume
WHAT TO INDICATE ON PLANS?
SITE PLAN ACCESS ROAD (LOAD, WIDTH, GRADIENT 1:8.3)
ACCESS WAY (LOAD, WIDTH, GRADIENT 1:15)
DISTANCE FROM ACCESS WAY TO BUILDING
FIRE CONTROL ROOM
FIRE HYDRANTS
BREACHING INLET
FIRE FIGHTING TANK/PUMP OUTSIDE BUILDING
GROUND FLOOR PLAN PARTY WALL TRAVEL DISTANCE
FIRE DOOR STAIRS TO STAIRS 60M
FIRE CONTROL ROOM STAIRS TO FARTHEST POINT 61M
FIRE FIGHTING MECHANICAL ROOMS FIRE FIGHTING ACCESS LOBBY
ROOMS OF SPECIAL HAZARDS (SUB-STATIONS, AHU, GENSET, PUMP ROOM ETC) FFAL TO FFAL/FARTHEST POINT 45M
EL
SMOKE AND OR HEAT DETECTOR
PORTABLE EXTINGUISHER
HOSE REEL (MAX 30M)
FIRE FIGHTING TANK/PUMP INSIDE BUILDING (MAX 61M TO FARTHEST APPLIANCES)
TRAVEL DISTANCE & DEAD END
TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN PARTY WALL
FIRE DOOR
EL
SMOKE AND OR HEAT DETECTOR
PORTABLE EXTINGUISHER
HOSE REEL (MAX 30M)
TRAVEL DISTANCE MEASURED TO END OF ROOM
DEAD END
SECTIONS PARTY WALL (EXTENDED ABOVE ROOF)
FIRE BARRIER
FIRE DAMPER
FIRE STOPS
 ACCESS WAY B
REQUIRED GRAD 1:15
PROVIDED LEVEL
ACCESS TO BREACHING DRY RISER FOR 7 STY WET RISER FOR 20 STY
INLET CAR PARK APARTMENT

EVAC ZONE 3

91 M

FIRE PUMP
ROOM
EVAC ZONE 1

ACCESS WAY A
REQUIRED GRAD 1:15 EVAC ZONE 2
PROVIDED LEVEL ACCESS WAY C
MAIN ENTRANCE SECOND ENTRANCE
ACCESS TO FIRE ACCESS TO FIRE
ACCESS ROAD CONTROL ROOM, FIRE
REQUIRED GRAD 1:8.3 CONTROL ROOM,
FIRE PUMP ROOM AND PUMP ROOM AND FIRE
PROVIDED GRAD 1:12 LIFT
FIRE LIFT
 HEIGHT FACTOR IN FIRE SAFETY
Faktor Tinggi Dalam Pencegahan

UBBL ‘HEIGHT’ FACTOR IN FIRE SAFETY

HEIGHT UBBL
9m (in >30m 137 Floor in building above 30m to be compartment floor
building) Any floor above 9m (in building above 30m) separating between storeys to be
compartmentalized
Part VII 30m 195 Staircase to reach roof level
Fire Requirement
197 Protected lobbies
(1) Protected lobby for above 18m
(2) Above 45 m lobby to be pressurized
199 Ventilation for staircase in building below 18m
200 Ventilation for staircase in building above 18m
Part VIII Fire Alarms 18.3M 229 Means of access and fire fighting in buildings over 18.3m high
etc (1) Means of gaining access and fighting fire from within building – fire fighting access lobby
(2) Lobby at every floor max distance 45.75m from farthest point
(3) Lobby exempted if staircase pressurized
(4) Fire lobby connected to fire stairs direct discharge at access level
(5) Fire lifts
(6) Lobby and stairs to be connected by protected corridor
18.5m 243 Fire lifts
18.3 to 30.5 230 Installation and testing of dry rising system
Dry riser to be provided
30.5 above 231 Installation and testing of wet rising system
(1) Wet riser to be provided
(2) Max height for each stage 61m . Permission by DGFS max 71.15m
30.5 237 Fire Alarm
(2) Two stage alarm system
30.5 238 Command and control center
61m Maximum height for single stage system
LEVEL M FAKTOR TINGGI DALAM PENCEGAHAN
25 75 TINGGI Height factor in fire safety
Special
24 72 71M MAX FOR SINGLE STAGE WET RISER BY DGFS permission
23 69
22 66
21 63 UBBL 231 - 61M MAX HEIGHT FOR SINGLE STAGE SYSTEM
20 60
19 57
18 54
18m : Detail requirement as per UBBL 197,
17 51 197A, 199, 200
16 48
15 45 LIMIT OF SINGLE STAGE SYSTEM UBBL 202 >45M
14 42 PRESSURIZED STAIRS
13 39
12 36
11 33
UBBL 137(2) ABOVE 30M >30M WET UBBL 195 >30M STAIRS TO
10 30 COMPARTMENTALIZED RISER ABOVE 18M NON ROOF TOP
9 27 27M MAX HEIGHT IN SCHEDULE 6 COMBUSTIBLE
CORE CLADDING UBBL 200 >18M
8 24
PROTECTED LOBBY IF NOT
7 21 UBBL197A FIRE
VENTILLATED
18-30M DRY FIGHTING ACCESS
6 18 UBBL 232 RISER FOR CONSTRUCTION RISER LOBBY UBBL 199<18M OR 3 UBBL197A(7)
5 15 STOREY 2 alternatives FIREMEN'S LIFT
UBBL 137(1) 9-30M FOR BLDG BELOW vent a. Vent 50% opening
4 12 30M, FLOOR ABOVE 9M TO BE at top 20 air change per
3 9 COMPARTMENTALIZED <12M FOR hour; b. mech vent
RESIDENTIAL 6M MAX FOR SINGLE
2 6 SINGLE STAIRS STAIRS
1 3

G -3 UBBL 238 FIRE CONTROL ROOM

B -6
B1 -9 BASEMENT REGARDED AS A SMOKE LOBBY FOR
B2 -12 COMPARTMENT BASEMENT
UBBL AMENDMENT 2012
SCHEDULE VII HOW TO READ SCHEDULE VII?
Maximum travel distance and calculation of occupant load and capacity of exits
COLUMN 1 / COLUMN 2 / COLUMN 3
MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCE
UBBL 165(4), 166(2), 167(1), 170(b)
Limits when alternative exits are available (1) (2) (3)
Purpose Group meter
Dead-end un-sprinklered sprinklered

I SMALL RESIDENTIAL NR NR NR

II INSTITUTIONAL
Hospital, nursing homes etc 15 30 45
School 15 45 75
Open Plan NR 30 45
Flexible Plan NR 45 60
III OTHER RESIDENTIAL
Hotels 15 30 45
Flats 20 30 75
Dormitories 15 45 75
IV OFFICE 15 45 75

V SHOPS 15 45 60

VI FACTORY
General and special purpose 15 30 60
High hazards 0 22 35
Open structures NR NR NR
VII PLACES OF ASSEMBLY 15 45 60
VIII STORAGE AND GENERALS
Low and ordinary hazards 15 30 60
High hazards 10 20 35
Parking garages 15 45 60
Aircraft hangars (ground floor) 15 30+ 45+
Aircraft hangars (mezzanine floor) 15 20 20

note
+ refer to aircraft hangar only
The silliest mistake a candidate makes was not to answer on the
Appendix
STEPS TO CALCULATE AND LOCATE STAIRCASES
WIDTH OF STAIRS DETERMINED BY CALCULATION
NO AND LOCATION OF STAIRS DETERMINED BY PLANNING / DISTANCE LIMIT

A. DO A TABLE OF FLOORS
B. DETERMINE PG (SCH 5) OVER OCCUPANCY LOAD (2ND COLUMN SCH 7)
C. CALCULATE FLOOR AREA
D. DETERMINE OCCUPANCY (NO OF PEOPLE) BY DIVIDING AREA WITH
OCCUPANCY LOAD (SCH 7 COLUMN 2)
E. CALCULATE EXIT CAPACITY REQUIRED BY DIVIDING OCCUPANCY (D)
WITH CAPACITY EXIT (SCH 7 COLUMN 2)
F. CALCULATE WIDTH OF STAIRS BY MULTIPYING E WITH 550
G. SKETCH A FLOOR PLAN
H. IDENTIFY HEIGHT OF HABITABLE FLOOR – SEE RULES OF HEIGHT [IF
ABOVE 18M FFAL REQUIRED]
I. IF FFAL REQUIRED THE FARTHEST DISTANCE IN BUILDING TO FIRE LIFT
MAX 45M / IF LESS THAN 18M ONLY STAIRS REQUIRED, MAX DISTANCE
IS 60M.
J. LOCATE STAIRS OR FFAL SO THAT FARTHEST DISTANCE WITHIN LIMIT
K. TRAVEL DISTANCE MEASURED ON PLAN NOT BY RADIUS
QUESTION 3 a
10TH SCHEDULE
A = HOSE REEL QUESTION 3 b
B = SPRINKLER THE SIX TRIGGER POINTS ANALYSES
1 = MANUAL ELECTRICAL ALARM SYSTEM
3 = CENTRAL MONITORING SYSTEM
4 = PUBLIC ADDRESS
5 = FIRE FIGHTING CONTROL ROOM
1 PURPOSE GROUP BASEMENT – PG VIII STORAGE & GENERAL
PODIUM – PG V SHOPS
TOWER – PG IV OFFICE
Why separate purpose group? UBBL building above 30m is a
compartment by itself
2 AREA 4000 X 15 = 60,000
4000 X 1 = 4,000
Topmost habitable floor 90.4m

5000 X 3 = 15,000
Assume floor plate of 64 x 64 5000 X 1 = 5,000
84,000
Max single stage system 60 m. To
Area calculation will give no of staircases required.
provide second pump system at
(But) Location of staircase must be determined from floor
level 13
plan
3 HEIGHT TOTAL HEIGHT FROM ACCES LEVEL: 100.2
TOP HABITABLE HEIGHT: 90.4M
UBBL 197A. Above 18m FIRE FIGHTING ACCESS LOBBY
FFAL – Max distance 45m
Fire Lift – Max distance 75 m

Assume floor plate of 64 x 78 4 VOLUME 4000 X 4.9 X 15 = 294,000

4000 X 6.0 X 1 = 24,000 UBBL 140
5000 X 4.9 X 3 = 73,500 FIRE APPLIANCES
5000 X 6.0 X 1 = 30,000 ACCESS
15.8m

421,500
5 HAZARDS NONE

6 CENTRAL AIRCOND YES

Assume floor plate of 64 x 125

 QUESTION 3 b

Fire appliances access are limited to 30m. Building above 30 m require fire fighting from inside the building.
Architects to design for safe passage and appropriate systems
1 Site planning 6 m / 30 tons capacity road for fire trucks
Fire trucks allowable gradient of 1:15
Hydrants at max 45m from entrance and at max 90m interval
Direct access to fire control room
Evacuation place of assembly
Dry/Wet riser breaching inlet max 30m from hydrant
Building volume 421,500 m3 UBBL 140 island site
2 Horizontal / Plan FFAL for building above 30m
FFAL consists of fire lift, staircase, wet or dry riser and fire fighting lobby. Max distance
from fire lift to end of floor 45m. Max distance staircase to end of floor 60m (S7)
Zoning for electrical isolation switch 1000m2
2 Height Top habitable floor at 90.4m.
UBBL require min 2 stairs Staircase to roof level Max height for single stage system 60m. To
provide second pump set at higher floor
3 Active system Refer 10th Schedule
A = Hose Reel
B = Sprinkler
1 = Manual Electrical Alarm System
3 = Central Monitoring System
4 = Public Address
5 = Fire Fighting Control Room
In reading the question, candidates either understand the question as either (a) ANALYSE THE QUESTION
restricting the class to ground floor only / office on 1st and 2nd floor or (b) all floors
usable as classroom / office on ground floor.

Prefered option (b) – restriction can be waived or redesignated through KM process. It

will not limit the number of classrooms.

Design priority is to maximize classroom. Review layout totally.

No restriction in cost stated

Shophouse are
normally an island
development
complying with
7th Schedule Options UBBL 140
1. Use existing stairs, OR 23200
2. Demolish all/some
Options stairs and build new
1. Use existing walls OR
2. Demolish all and
rebuild as per new
10th Schedule compartmentation

UBBL 140
21000
Change from PG IV office and V shop to PG II
Institution
Will require min of 2 stairs
Stairs width need to be re-calculated
 OPTION A OPTION B
Classroom at GF Office at GF
Change of PG from shop to institution Change of PG from shops to office
office at F1 and F2 Classrooms at F1 and F2
PG maintained Change of PG from office to institution
Dead end S7(1) 15 m 15 m
Travel distance (unsprinklered) S7(1) 45 45
Occupancy load S7(2) Office 10 gross Classrooms 2 net
Exit Capacity S7(3) Ground II. Institutional - 100 / F1 & F2 officeStairs 60 Ground IV Office -
Compartment S5 Limit of floor area 2000m2 Limit of floor area 2000m2
Active System S10 GF A + 1 Hose Reel + Auto elect Detector/Manual Elect GF No requirement for office
alarm F1 & F2 : A + 1 Hose Reel + Auto elect Detector/Manual
F1 & F2 : No requirement for office Elect alarm
 OPTION 2

Area per classroom 6 x 9 = 54m2

54/2 net = 27 person per classroom

Say 7 classes per floor = 189

BASICS Notional boundary
at 8/2 = 4m

Building above 30 m
compartmentation by
floor
a. Enclosing Rectangle (ER) calculation
H = 3.9 (6 IN TABLE)
W = 20 (21 IN TABLE)
AREA OF OPENING = 20 m x 3.9 m = 78 m2

Allowable percentage of unprotected area

c. Check answer b for compliance to Part III of Sch 6
= (from table) 50%
Opening A = 24 m2 Opening B = 24 m2
Total = 48 m2
Percentage of unprotected area
= unprotected 3.9 x 20
I do not consider glass curtain wall Check 1
total 4.8 x 20
as combustible material for 50% of Total opening = 48 m2
= 78 %
area Unprotected opening (PG IV Office) max 210 m2
96 See UBBL 144 Cladding on external Complied with Part III Sch 6
= 0.81% exceed limit wall
Check 2
b. To make the unprotected area compliant to Sch 6
Unprotected % of enclosing rectangle
Reduce unprotected area to 50%
= 48 m2/ 96 m2
Strategy
= 50%
Add brick wall from floor level (spandrel panel for curtain wall
Complied with Part II of Sch 6.
effect)
How much brick wall?
X = 50%
96 m2
= 48 m2
i. 48 – 18 = 30 m2 /20 m width = 1.5m wall NOT PRACTICAL
ii. 900 mm brickwall from floor: (0.9 x 20 = 18)
+ drop beam (0.9 x 20 = 18) + full wall (4 x 3 = 12)
= 48 m2 COMPLIED

To answer this type of question, first identify key
characteristics of the building
1. PG II Institutional 2 Hospitals
2. Floor area not stated
3. Height above 30m
4. Volume (not applicable)
5. Hazards (not stated)
6. Aircond (not stated)
7. Special conditions – disabled and ambulatory patients
Passive and active system are generally already spelt out in
UBBL. Advise to increase to fire safety components and
providing more than minimum safety measures.
PASSIVE
Fire fighting access lobby
Exit & stairs and lifts width to allow stretcher
Limit of compartmentation S9 2000m2
Dead-end 15m / max travel distance un-
sprinlered 30m / sprinklered 45m
Occupant load per m2 not stated
Capacity exit stairs 15 / Others 30 (30 person
per unit of exit width)
ACTIVE SYSTEM S10
1. S10 PG II 2 Hospital
Extinguishing System A (Hose reel) & B
(sprinkler)
Detection and Fire Alarm 1,3,4 & 5 (manual
elect alarm, central monitoring, PA system,
Fire control room)
NOTE
Stretcher Lift
All fire alarm signal indicator type
FFAL should be widened to accommodate stretcher bed
Reduce compartment size to increase containment of fire
spread
Reduce travel distance to allow faster reach to safe zones
Provide safe zones on all floors
Wider width of stairs and landing to allow uninterupted
movement of stretchers and evacuees downward and fire
fighting personnel upward
Provide more than minimum no of HR and extinguishers
Use non-water system for water-sensitive area
Design for evacuation by fire lifts from safe zones to designated
(ground) floor
Alarm to cater for all disability by blaring sound, blinking light,
high visibility signage
Fire safety response plan involving fire marshall, trained staff
and fire drills; emergency communication with Bomba
Compartmentation UBBL 136 - 139 Performance based fire safety design approach
The primary objective of compartmentation are: (PBFSDA):
1. To contain fire at its point of origin; 1. A methodology for design, evaluation and
2. To limit size of fire assessment of fire safety. It identify a suitable or
3. To separate area for safe exit, evacuation or refuge; appropriate engineering approach to prevent,
4. To limit threat to structural integrity contain and fight fire as well as alarming, protecting
5. To allow time for evacuation, active fire fighting and evacuating occupants to safety
2. PBFSDA deal with 2 aspects:
Compartmentation limit a. ASET (available safe evacuation time); and
Schedule 5(2) Dimensions of Building and Compartments b. RSET (required safe evacuation time)
Schedule 9 Limits of Compartments and Minimum Period of Fire 3. PBFSDA requires complex calculation and
Resistance for Element of Structure modelling to assess compartmentation or
containment of fire to allow occupants to escape.
UBBL 136 4. Applicable for building beyond normal provision of
Compartment required if exceed UBBL or special purpose structures like telecom
a. floor area tower, airport
b. cubic capacity exceeding limit to be compartmentalised 5. Design and submission to Bomba by Fire Safety
UBBL 137 Compartment by height Engineer
a. floors 9 m to 30 m to compartment
b. Above 30 m – all floors to compartment CLEAN AGENT AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER
c. Atrium to comply UBBL 252A SYSTEM
UBBL 138 Other walls
a. a. Any floor in PG II Institutional Non-water based Water as extinguishing
b. Any wall of flats extinguishing mediums. medium
c. Any wall separating different PG Usually inert gas or
d. Any floor above basement chemicals
UBBL 139 Separation of fire risk areas Used for extinguishing Used for extinguishing
a. Spaces to be separated by adequate FRP chemical or liquid fire normal fire
b. Boiler and fuel store
c. Laundries Used in water sensitive Used in non water sensitive
d. Repair shop of hazard process & material spaces (sub-stations, area
e. Storage of hazardous quantity computer facilities, fuel
f. LPG storage etc)
g. Linen rooms
h. Transformer and sub stations
i. Flammable liquid store
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