User's Guide to the 206 EX-MX Hardness Tester

USER’S GUIDE
Publication edited in compliance with the requirements of the

2006/95/EC - 2004/108/EC directives
INSTRUMENT FOR DETERMINING THE HARDNESS

OF MATERIALS
MODEL 206 EX/EX2/EXS/MX/MXS

IDENTIFICATION NUMBER __________
YEAR OF MANUFACTURE _________
Edited On _______________
Care of OMAG
Via Monte Tagliaferro, 8
Tel. (+39) 0332.200546
Telefax (+39) 0332.203704
21056 – INDUNO OLONA - VARESE – ITALIA
www.omagaffri.com info@omagaffri.com
Via Monte Tagliaferro 8
21056 Induno Olona – Varese – Italia
Tel. +39 0332.200546 – Fax +39 0332.203704
User’s guide of the machine “206 EX-MX” ver. 2.2 . Do not remove, delete or modify any part of this document.
Page: 2
1.0 INTRODUCTION 7
1.1 UNPACKING 12
1.2 CONTENTS OF TRANSPORT PACKAGING 13
1.3 GENERAL WARRANTY TERMS 16
1.4 DIMENSIONS OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENT 18
1.5 INSTALLATION AND HANDLING OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENT 19
1.5.1 Lifting and setting 19
1.5.2 Fastening of the instrument 20
1.5.3 Operating space and ergonomics 20
1.5.4 Installation methods 21
1.5.5 Installation with table 21
1.5.6 Electrical connection 22
1.6 MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENT 206 EX 23
1.6.1. Tool description 23
1.6.2 Use the machine has been designed for 23
1.6.3 Technical Data 24
1.6.4 Environmental conditions advised 25
1.7 LIMITS, DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE RULES 26
2.0 USE CONDITIONS OF THE TOOL 27
2.1 DANGERS AND PRESCRIPTION LIST 28
2.2 PERMITTED UTILIZATIONS OF THIS INSTRUMENT 30
2.3 UNPERMITTED UTILIZATIONS OF THIS INSTRUMENT 33
2.4 FORESEEABLE WRONG USAGE OF THE MACHINE AND DANGEROUS SITUATIONS 34
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3.0 HARDNESS TESTS INTRODUCTION 35
3.1 HARDNESS TESTS UTILIZATION 36
3.2 HARDNESS SCALES AND TEST METHODS 37
3.2.1 Rockwell method 38
3.2.2 Brinell method 39
3.2.3 Vickers method 40
3.3 CHOICE OF THE TEST TO USE 41
3.3.1 Tables and graphs of the minimum thicknesses for Rockwell tests 41
3.3.2 Tables and graphs of the minimum thicknesses for Brinell tests 43
3.3.3 Tables and graphs of the minimum thicknesses for Vickers tests 44
3.4 PROGRAMMING TABLES AND INDICATIVE UTILIZATIONS OF THE LOADS 45
3.5 TEST SETTING 46
3.5.1 Test surface setting 46
3.5.2 Indenter change 47
3.5.3 Assembly of the piece-presser cope 48
3.5.4 Load Change 49
3.5.5 Preload Change (only EX2) 50
3.6 ELECTRONIC PANEL UTILIZATION 51
3.6.1 Switch on and off 51
3.6.2 Electronics survey 52
3.6.3 Electronic panel functionings 53
3.7 THE TEST CYLE 65
3.7.1 Test procedure with piece-presser cope assembled 66
3.8 ADJUSTMENT OF THE ROCKWELL HARDNESS VALUES 67
3.9 CONVERSION OF HARDNESS VALUES 72
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4.0 CALIBRATION AND CONTROL OF THE INSTRUMENT PRECISION 73
4.1 CHECK OF THE OBTAINED RESULTS OF THE MEASUREMENT 78
4.1.1 Measurement results control for Rockwell method 78
4.1.2 Measurement results control for Brinell method 79
4.1.3 Measurement results control for Vickers method 80
4.1.4 Utilization of the microscope to obtain measures 82
4.2 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR 84
4.3 ANOMALIES INDIVIDUALIZATION AND THEIR QUICK REMOVAL 85
4.4 SUPPORT CALL 86
4.5 STORAGE OF THE MACHINE 87
4.5.1 Overall dimensions of the packaging 87
4.6 ASSEMBLY AND DISPOSAL 87
4.6.1 Sequential phases of assembly and dismantling 87
4.6.2 Safety decommissioning 87
5.0 LISTS 88
5.1 SPARE PARTS LIST “206 EX/EXS” 88
5.2 FITTING LISTS “206 MX/MXS” 90
5.3 ACCESSORY LIST “206 EX/EXS/MX/MXS” 92
5.4 ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST “206 EX/EXS” 96
5.5 ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST “206 MX/MXS” 97
6.0 ENCLOSURES 98
Page: 5
Page: 6
1.0 Introduction
We compliment you on your purchase and thank you for your confidence in us. OMAG is pleased to
count you among its customers and it is confident that the use of its machines, designed and
manufactured according to the most up-to-date and rational processing systems, will be the reason of
your complete satisfaction.
Warnings
This manual contains all required informations for the installation and the correct functioning and also
the informations for required maintenance operations that must be carried out on your machine.
We advise to read it carefully before every operation on the machine.
Keep it in an accessible place in order to have it to hand and preserve it for future consultations.
For every information please contact us; we give you all the explanations and the required
suggestions.
assistenza@omagaffri.com
After a consultation in the suitable section of this manual, please contact us also for every spare parts
you need. We furnish you all the pieces you need shortly.
IMPORTANT
A correct maintenance and a strict compliance with that written on this manual will help the
perfect working of your machine, the materials’ hardeness testing instrument “206 EX” for
a very long time.
OMAG declines all responsibility raising from a bad use of the machine and from a non-
original spare parts utilization.
This text cannot be used in other printed publications without written authorization by
OMAG. Any reproduction, even partial, is forbidden.
All position references on this manual (left or right) refer to the operator’s orientation that
looks the machine in front of him (that is the side where the material is positionned and
where it is possible to observe the measure visualizer).
Page: 7
The customer must read carefully all the informations mentioned on this manual, because a correct
arrangement, installation and use of the machine are the basis of the relation between the
manufacturer and the customer.
Warnings
This user’s guide of the instrument for measuring the hardness of materials “206 EX” is given out with the
mentioned machine and it is an integral and substantive part of it.
THIS TECHNICAL MANUAL IS ADDRESSED TO SKILLED OPERATORS THAT ALREADY KNOW MANUAL,
SEMIAUTOMATIC AND AUTOMATIC MACHINES FUNCTIONING.
For this reason the operators that are not in possession of LEVEL 2 qualification at least (see the definition on
this manual) must not absolutely use this machine, either for start it up or for its maintenance or for its
management.
The manufacturer
OMAG di Affri
WARNS EVERYONE THAT IS NOT IN POSSESSION OF THE MINIMUM QUALIFICATION LEVEL
REQUIRED FOR EVERY SINGLE OPERATION DESCRIBED ON THIS MANUAL
The manufacturer
OMAG di Affri
REFUSE ALL RESPONSIBILITY FOR EVERY SINGLE OPERATION CARRIED OUT BY NON-QUALIFIED
OPERATOR
The non-observance of the indications conteined both in this manual and in this introduction are the
reason for a prompt warranty decline (cessation).
Page: 8
Therefore the informations explained in this document have an informative value about SAFETY QUESTIONS
FOR THE SKILLED OPERATOR and concern:
 INDICATIONS ABOUT POTENTIAL DANGEROUS ZONES FOR THE OPERATOR
 PRECAUTIONARY INFORMATIONS ABOUT THE FOLLOWING OPERATIONS:
- TRANSPORT
- INSTALLATION
- CONNECTIONS;
- UTILIZATION;
- MAINTENANCE;
- DECOMMISSIONING.
This manual does not show technical operations about modification / personalization of the machine because
they fall under the competence of manufacturer technicians or technicians skilled by the manufacturer.
This manual signals margins of interventions, dangerous operations, risks the skilled operator could incur
during its work.
The customer who, during the reading of this manual, would find difficults between the safety precepts and its
work in a regular utilization and in the equipping managements, within 30 days from the delivery of this
manual, can signal that anomalous condition to OMAG.
Expired this extalished time if the manufacturer does not receive comunications about the right comprehension
of these contents, the manufacturer will consider confirmed the following statements:
- THE ENTIRE COMPREHENSION OF WHAT WRITTEN IN THIS DOCUMENT;

- THE FULL OBSERVANCE OF THESE PRECEPTS;
- THE EXPLANATION OF THESE TO ALL PERSONNEL THAT WILL WORK ON THE MACHINE.
In these conditions the manufacturer declines all responsibilities for the use and/or the operations carried out
by the customer but do not indicated in this manual.
Page: 9
Operators and their qualifications
The machine can be used by skilled and formed personnel only trained about the correct use of the very
machine, besides the risks he is exposed to and the procedures to avoid or reduce them. Informations and
trainings are charged to the one who places the machine at disposal, so that the employer (or one of his person
in charge) or the user (a company or an one-man business etc.).
QUALIFICATION 1
Non-qualified personnel lacking in specific abilities, he is able to carry out easy tasks only and connection and
positioning operations of the machine and its relevant parts: worker.
QUALIFICATION 2
Qualified technician (by the employer or who places the machine at disposal) able to use machines and
measurement tools having manual, semiautomatic and automatic functioning.
WARNING
THE TECHNICIAN MUST BE TRAINED ON THE MACHINE UTILIZATION BY THE EMPLOYER or who places the machine at
disposal.
QUALIFICATION 3
Manufacturer’s technician.
Qualified technician sent by the manufacturer to carry out particular or complicated operations always agreed
on with the user.
Personnel employed in machine use or in maintenance operations or control and installation must have a
suitable qualification.
Personnel that has not the suitable knowledge of the machine must be properly trained.
In any case the user is the only responsible of the full comprehension of this manual and all the informations
being in it and also of the transmission to the employed personnel.
Page: 10
Training of skilled operator
Personnel employed in machine use or in its direction, maintenance operations or control must have a suitable
qualification.
WARNING
OMAG remembers you that all the operators which use the machine must be qualified (qualification 2
minimum) to work under full responsibility.
OMAG suggests the customer a standard form for an individual control of every operator and for a better
identification of the interventions and the operations he must carry out on the machine.
OPERATOR’S INDENTIFICATION FORM (standard form)

Surname name
Qualification
TRAINING
Technical training about the machine utilization start date: _________________
• Manual explanation
• Allowed operations explanation
Trainer:
Tasks:
Page: 11
1.1 Unpacking
The machine is delivered packed in a nailed wood box.
WARNING
During the removing of the packaging, the lifting, the moving and the positioning of the machine we
advise to use individual safety devices to prevent possible accidents due to the packaging.
1. Remove nails and lift the lid.
2. Remove the protection made off polystyrene
3. Remove the nails from the deep of the sides
4. Unthread the box upwards
5. Lift the instrument and remove the protections made

of polystyrene
At the opening of the packaging please check that all parts of the equipment are present and they
are not damaged. Please contact immeditelly OMAG in case of damages or missing parts.
Page: 12
1.2 Contents of transport packaging
N.1 Measurement instrument: version 206 EX
1. Feeding connector
2. RS232C Data output
3. Mobile index
4. Loads scale
5. Test loads selector key
6. Ring-nut for indenter fastening
7. Indenter
8. Drag lever to run the test
9. Programming keyboard
10. Display
11. Anvil holder screw
12. Handwheel for rise screw adjustment
13. Faceplate anvil
14. Identification plate
14
Page: 13
N.1 Hardness Tester 206 MX
1. Feeding connector
2. RS232C Data output
3. Mobile index
4. Loads scale
5. Test loads selector key
6. Ring-nut for indenter fastening
7. Indenter
8. Drag lever to run the test
9. Programming keyboard
10. Display
11. Anvil holder screw
12. Handwheel for rise screw adjustment
13. Faceplate anvil
14. Identification plate
15. Emergency button
14
Page: 14
N. 1 Fittings box
The Fittings box contains:
N. 1 Indenter fastening ring-nut (6)

N. 1 120° Indenter for Rockwell on tempered steel (7A)
N. 1 1/16” indenter for Rockwell on hardened steel, annealed steel, cast iron, aluminium and non-ferrous
metals ( 7B )
N. 1 Calibrating test samples: HRB (or HRN for 200Rs-RBs versions) ( 15 )
N. 1 Calibrating test samples: HRC (or HRT for 200Rs-RBs versions) ( 15 )
N. 1 Hexagonal wrench for testing loads selection ( 5 )
N. 3 Faceplate anvils for round and flat pieces
N. 1 Instruction manual and calibration certificate
Outside the box there are:

N. 1 Wall board for all hardnesses conversions
N. 1 Boot cover to shelter the durometer during its inactivity
N. 1 Supply cable
Attention: if these materials are not contained inside the packing box please contact immediatelly
OMAG
Page: 15
1.3 General warranty terms
OMAG guarantees the good functioning of the machine within the terms and the conditions following described.
The warranty covers possible anomalies of the components and their assemblage for 12 (twelve) months from
the delivery date of the machine to the user (see delivery note).
Following for the sake of brevity with the word MACHINE we mean the materials’ hardeness testing instrument
”206 EX/MX” object of this manual.
IF AFTER AN INSPECTION THE MACHINE WOULD HAVE AN ANOMALY IN ITS FUNCTIONING DURING THE
WARRANTY LENGHT OMAG WILL SUPPLIES A MAINTENANCE INTERVENTION WITHOUT LABOUR AND SPARE
PARTS COSTS FOR THE USER, ON CONDITION THAT THE DEFECTIVE IS NOT CHARGEABLE WITH ITS
MANIPULATION AND/OR NEGLIGENCE.
The duties of OMAG are bounded to the repair of the possible damage or to carry out a general maintenance of
the tool.
The replacement of the components is under the unquestionable decision of OMAG.
Transport costs, technical personnel away costs and other straight or unstraight cost caused to the
machine repair are of the user only.
All the warranty interventions or unscheduled maintenance must be carried out by OMAG – Induno Olona,
Varese, Italy under penalty of cancellation of the warranty.
Possible unscheduled maintenance unauthorized by OMAG and carried out by the customer and / or the user
will not refund and will cause the cancellation of the warranty.
The warranty is invalid in cases not described in this certificate.
Besides the warranty is invalid within the following cases:
• for damages caused by a wrong or different use then the one the machine has been designed for;
• Wiring anomalies;
• for carelessness;
• for not authorized modifications;
• for atmospheric agents, vandalisms etc.;
• damages caused by a wrong handling and/or transport;
• non original spare parts utilization etc.
Before using this instrument

Page: 16
This document supplies informations and data on wich OMAG detains intellectual property rights.
Therefore informations and data are furnished privately and they must not be tranfered to third parties or used
to the detriment of OMAG. So either the receiving of this documentation or its ownership confers or transfers
any rights for reproducing, using or transfering to other the totality or a partial of these informations and data
without written authorisation by OMAG.
This instruction manual could be changed without notice because of our instruments technological
developments.
Codes and references are furnished for information only.
Frequent and steady inspections of this calibration instrument, for example using tests provided
with calibration certificate, are the only way to ensure a constant reliability of the results furnished
by the durometer.
Tests provided with official certificate are the only way to guarantee the above-mentioned.
The calibration must be carried out in accordance with the international rules
(EN ISO 6506, EN ISO 6507, EN ISO 6508). In case the instrument would furnish results over the
regular tolerances it is necessary to carry out immediatelly the research and the removal of the
trouble.
A contingent recalibration or repair work do not carried out by our personnel caused the
immediatelly cessation of the warranty and OMAG will lift by any responsibility.
Page: 17
1.4 Dimensions of the measuring instrument
Page: 18
1.5 Installation and handling of the measuring instrument
1.5.1 Lifting and setting
The lifting, movings and positioning of the machine must be happen only
by means of suitable lifting equipment using the maximum care and
avoiding collisions and violent shakes that could damage the machine’s
equipments.
Cables and lifting ropes must be proportionate to the weight to lift and
without frayed parts or wear and tear signs.
The machine weghts about 54 kg so it is forbidden the manual lifting by
the operator.
OMAG IS NOT LIABLE FOR POSSIBLE DAMAGES TO PERSONS DUE TO
THE MANUAL HANDLING OF THE MACHINE.
Fork lift-truck transport
WARNING
The transport of the durometer by means of the fork
lift-truck can take place only with the packaging still
closed.
Page: 19
1.5.2 Fastening of the instrument
Arrange a suitable support for the machine dimensions and weight and control it is sufficient rigid.
The machine does not foresee the floor fastening because it generates no vibrations and it is not necessary to
level it.
1.5.3 Operating space and ergonomics

USEFUL SPACE
Behind the machine must be left an area of 0.8 m for the maintenance; in front of it leave a space of minimum
1 meter for the maintenance operations. Laterally leave enough space to allow the operation of the handwheel
besides the load/unload of the pieces to test.
Attention: make sure there is a suitable lighting for a

work environment. The lighting system must not hit the
display of the machine to allow a proportionate readings
easiness and it must not dazzle the operator.
Page: 20
1.5.4 Installation methods
The instrument must be placed on a levelled plane. With the test anvil complete lowered, the screw comes out
of abt 100 mm from the base of the durometer, so arrange a hole of at least Ø70 mm on the level used to
ensure a free depth of abt 130 mm from the base of the durometer. We advise to fix the durometer to the level
by means of screws. The durometer is equipped with suitable holes on its base, you can find them by removing
their plastic covers.
M8
Vista dal fondo dello strumento
1.5.5 Installation with table

It is possible to fix the durometer on its optional table
(codice MEC030.A0100010).
Page: 21
1.5.6 Electrical connection
The machine needs a 220 volt monophasic electric current (L+N) and it consumes about 105W (150VA) power.
The machine is protected by a 3,15A 250 Vac SB fuse.The wiring must be peremptorily connected to the
earthing connection.
Carry out the electric connection to the wiring use the cable furnished with the machine. To study the wiring
diagram of the machine, refer to the diagram on page 176.
WARNING
The connection is possible only with the machine motionless ( 0/1 disconnecting switch in 0 position (OFF).
The connection to the user’s wiring must be happen in a suitable way on an electrical system realized in
accordance with the law in force.
OMAG DECLINES ALL RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGES TO THE MACHINE AND/OR ELECTRIC SYSTEM
OF THE COSTUMER RAISING FROM AN UNAUTHORISED CONNECTION TO THE WIRING OR FROM A
CONNECTION TO A WIRING NOT MATCHING WITH THE REGULATIONS IN FORCE.
YOU ARE REMINDED THAT THE WIRING THE MACHINE CAN BE CONNECTED MUST HAVE A
PROPORTIONATE PROTECTION AGAINST THE DIRECT AND INDIRECT CONTACTS
(MAGNETOTHERMIC RESIDUAL PROTECTIONS)
FEEDING CONNECTOR
For a good functioning and the safety of the operator
the machine must be connected to the earthing
connection; in case of replacement of the electric cable
use another one having the same features (L+N+T).
Switch on the instrument using the suitable power
switch (0/1), press the key and wait for the

software availability and entry the program. In case of
a startup failure, refer to chap.21 “Switch on and off”
RS232 CONNECTION
This instrument is provided
with a RS232 standard data
serial exit.
Following there
is a list for PIN connection:
Pin Fuction
3 TX
5 GND
8 CTS
Page: 22
1.6 Measurement instrument 206 EX
1.6.1. Tool description
Rockwell hardness meters
The 206 EX/EX2/EXS/MX/MXS machines are digital reading durometers that work using the Rockwell
principle with loads from:
EX/EX2//MX EX2/EXS/MXS
98.06N - 10 Kg 29.41N - 3 Kg
1838.74N - 187.5 Kg 441.3N - 45 Kg
The application of the load is manual.
These durometers have been designed with several innovations in order to satisfy the many needs in
hardness monitoring.
Particurlarly we refer to different types of treatment: new electronics allows high performance, an utilization
extremely simple, rational and immediate.
The display is very large, back-lit and it is available a new messages sequence to help the operator; in
accordance with the international rules it allows a correct tests implementation.
1.6.2 Use the machine has been designed for
The machine carries out hardness tests on metals and plastics according to the UNI EN ISO 6508-1
international rules for ROCKWELL tests, UNI EN ISO 2039 for BRINELL tests, UNI EN ISO 6507-1 for
VICKERS tests. Hardness tests do not foresee the destruction of the piece under examination.
To use this machine it is compulsory to know well the above-mentioned rules, both for their usage criteria
and for the their precepts. Reading this manual it is possible to know the durometer utilization and choose
which materials are the most indicated for these tests.
The following precepts are compulsory, their non-observance is the reason for the non-utilization of the
machine and the TOTAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE USER. We have listed the permitted utilizations, the
unpermitted ones, the permitted only with suitable tools or a machine arrangement.
Page: 23
1.6.3 Technical Data
TYPE 206 EX/MX 206 EXS/MXS
Preload 98,07N (10 Kgp) 98,07N (10 Kgp)
Test loads 580-980-1471N Rockwell (60-100-150Kp) 580-980-1471N Rockwell (60-100-150Kp)

612,7 - 1226 - 1839N Brinell (62,5-125- 612,7 - 1226 - 1839N Brinell (62,5-125-
187,5Kp) 187,5Kp)
98,07 - 588 - 980N Vickers (10-60-100Kp) 98,07 - 588 - 980N Vickers (10-60-100Kp)
Functioning Manual with automatic calculus of the Manual with automatic calculus of the
load time and electronic control (EX load time and electronic control (EX
version) version)
With semi-automatic mode of the test With semi-automatic mode of the test
cycle (MX version) cycle (MX version)
Possible Tests Rockwell: Rockwell:

HRA – HRB – HRC – HRD – HRE – HRF HRA – HRB – HRC – HRD – HRE – HRF
HRG – HRH – HRK HRG – HRH - HRK
Vickers (print report only) Vickers (print report only)
HV10 - HV60 - HV100 HV10 - HV60 - HV100
*Brinell: *Brinell:
HBTW5/125 - HBTWC2,5/187,5 - HBTW5/125 - HBTWC2,5/187,5 -
HBTWCS 2,5/187,5 - HBWS 2,5/187,5 HBTWCS 2,5/187,5 - HBWS 2,5/187,5
Digital Reading 9 Rockwell scales 9 Rockwell scales

0,1 HR 0,1 HR
Reading resolution
Compliance UNI EN ISO 6506; UNI EN ISO 6507; UNI EN ISO 6506; UNI EN ISO 6507;
Directives UNI EN ISO 6508 UNI EN ISO 6508
Useful Opening 215 mm 215 mm

Useful Depth 190 mm 190 mm
Diameter Column 48 mm 48 mm
Anvils Dimensions 60 mm 60 mm
Weight supportable 50 Kg 50 Kg
Data output RS 232 RS232
Wiring 100/240V 50÷60 Hz 2VA 100/240V 50÷60 Hz 2VA
Application range For all types of metals: iron, steel, For all types of metals: iron, steel,
hardened steel, cast iron, bronze, hardened steel, cast iron, bronze,
aluminium, metal alloys, rigid and soft aluminium, metal alloys, rigid and soft
plastics. Thicknesses greater than 0.6 plastics. Thicknesses greater than 0.6
mm mm
Net Weight 54 kg 54 kg
Weight with packing 85 kg 85 kg
Packing Dimensions 37x60x102 cm 37x60x102 cm
*Brinell scales entered only on request
Page: 24
1.6.4 Environmental conditions advised
• Temperature in motion: from 10°C to 35°C

storaged: from -5°C to 55°C
• Relative humidity in motion: from 10% to 95%

storage: from 5% to 95%
• Altitude in motion: until 2800 m

Transport: until 10000 m
Page: 25
1.7 Limits, definitions and reference rules
Words, definitions and principles to guarantee the Safety of the machine inside this Manual refer to Low-
voltage Directive and electromagnetic compatibility in force. We advise to read them for possible
explanations.
Particurlarly the manufacturer uses the following european rules for design and manufacture of the
machine here in object :
CEI EN 55014-1(2001/11):
Electromagnetic compatibility – general precepts for the household electrical appliances, the electrical tools
and similar equipments
CEI EN 61000-3-2 (2002/04):
Emissions: Harmonic
CEI EN 61000-3-3 (1997/06):
Emissions: Tension fluctuations / Flicker
CEI EN 55014-2(1998/10)
Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test (ESD) – 4 kV contact, 8 kV air
CEI EN 55014-2(1998/10)
Irradiate Electromagnetic field Immunity – 3V/m AM 80 % 1 KHz
Fast transients discharge immunity (Burst) – 1kV common and differential feeding
Impulse voltage immunity (Surge) – 1-2 kV common and differential feeding
Radio frequency troubles Immunity – 3V/m AM 80 % 1 KHz
Power failures and brief interruptions (PQF)
CEI EN 60335-2-82 (2000/09):
House and similar electric apparatus safety. Part 2: Particular requirements for machines that furnish a
service or machines for enjoyment.
WORKING ENVIRONMENT AND SAFETY DIRECTIVES
89/654/EEC Directive – concering the munimum safety and health precepts for working environments.
89/655/EEC Directive – concering the munimum safety and health precepts for individual safety devices
utilization of the workers.
PERSONNEL PROTECTION DIRECTIVES
89/655/EEC Directive – concering the munimum safety and health precepts for individual safety devices
utilization of the workers.
Page: 26
2.0 Use conditions of the tool
TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS TO RESPECT ON THE USER’S SIDE
RISCK EVALUATION:
An attentive design has allowed to integrate the maximum machine functionality and versatility to solutions
fit to a safety utilization.
WARNING
Residual risks non annullable during the design regard to the uncorrect utilizations only and they
are described below:
• Risk due to the machine overturning;
• Risk of impacts during the work operations.
The individualized solutions to individual the above-mentioned risks are the following:
• the supporting floor must be solid (in order to support the machine that weights about 65 kg without
the pieces to test ) with steady foundations (ex. metal work bench);
• if necessary the machine must be fixed in a steady way to the supporting floor (work bench) after
carring out the plane levelling operations;
• all the operations for the penetrator replacement, maintenance or cleaning must be carry out only
after the disconnection of the machine from all the external feeding circuits (electrical).
Page: 27
2.1 Dangers and prescription list
Risk Analysis
Types of Risks Evaluation criteria and solutions
The machine has been designed to be placed on work planes

not provided by the manufacturer. Solidity of them is on the
Loss of stability user responsibility. If the machine is unsteady on the bearing
plane it is necessary to anchor it by means of suitable
fasteners.
Fall of parts Not applicable
Stumbling. Not applicable
Slipping Not applicable
Lifting for transport Manual lifting not admitted – Lifting hooks in barycentre
The mobile parts are provided with suitable protections in

Mobile parts protections accordance with the rules in force conforming to the
manufacturer's instructions.
Lighting Not applicable

Controls resistance CE Marked Material
Controls visibility Plates and big keys
Placed in non-dangerous zones Command Space
Additional risks of commands Not applicable
Shock Emergencies CE Marked Material
Start up Manual controls
Mobile parts stop Manual with handwheel
Motor stop
Emergency shutdown Press the emergency button
Wiring breakdown Unable to operate the machine
Control circuit breakdown Software unfit for use machine shut down
Risks due to the projection of
Personal information
objects
Page: 28
Risk Analysis
Types of Risks Evaluation criteria and solutions
Risks due to sharp surfaces and

Not applicable
corners
Risks due to coupled machines Not applicable
Risks due to rotation speed variations Not applicable
Prevention of risks related to moving

Manual controls
parts
Choice of protection against risks

Not applicable
related to moving transmission
Moving parts involved in the process Not applicable
Risks due to electricity Plant in accordance to the laws CEI

Harmful for the proper functioning of the machine, big
Risks due to static electricity shoks
earthing connection
Risks due to other types of energies Not applicable
Indenters changing, this error is dangerous only for the

Risks due to installation errors
indenters, no risks due to other accessories
Risks due to high temperatures Not applicable
Fire risks Not applicable

Risks of explosion Not applicable
Risks due to the noise Not applicable
Risks due to vibrations Not applicable
Risks due to radiations Not applicable
Risks due to external radiations Electromagnetic compatibility
Risks due to laser devices Not applicable
Page: 29
2.2 Permitted utilizations of this instrument
MUNIMUM THICKNESS
Metal pieces having an height more of 10 times bigger then the penetrating depth for Rockwell tests with
diamond, example: to carry out a C Rockwell hardness test of presumable 60 HRC reading the fig. B.1 of
the enclose B of the table UNI EN ISO 6508-1 we deduce that the piece must have a 0.8 mm or more
thickness, instead in case of a sphere Rockwell test the height must be 15 times, example for a piece to test
with a presumable of 3.3 mm at least (fig B.2 tab UNI EN ISO 6508-1, enclose B) for Brinell and Vickers test
the minimum height must be 8 times bigger the depth of the impression.
Fig. B.1, UNI E ISO 6508-1, enclose B Fig. B.2, UNI E ISO 6508-1, enclose B
Page: 30
DISTANCE FROM THE EDGES
For all the hardness test systems, Brinell, Rockwell and Vickers the distance of an impression from the edge
of the piece must be 2.5 times at least the print for Rockwell tests, 4 times at least the diameter or the print
’s diagonal for Brinell and Vickers tests. For example: a Brinell test on a belt having a width of 32 mm can be
4mm at most because 4x4=16 on a side and as much on the other, suggesting a test in the centre of the
piece.
SUPPORTING SURFACE
Pieces must be leant on a rigid surface, the contact surfaces must be cleaned and with no lubricatings or
outside substances. It is very important the piece remains steady during the test and does not go away due
to a bad support. Pieces must be fixed on the test bech in order to the test woul be carried out
perpendicularly then the test surface.
PIECE SIZE
Plane and parallel pieces can be straight tested without fastening, example enclosed hardness tests and
calibration ones.
Round pieces: they must be fixed on “V” supports made of tempered steel, it is necessary to pay particular
attention to the correct housing, centering and alignment of the penetrator referring to the V centre.
PIECE SIZE
Alignment mistakes will cause wrong results and a risk for pieces projections (ref. Point 7 UNI EN ISO 6508-
1 rule). To satisfy this rule use the V centre squares of the machine that must be compulsory placed in their
25 mm hole of screw centring.
The V supports have a minimum and maximum piece orientation diameter like shown in pic. 602.1 (Page
172) where in 1 it is pointed out the 25 H7 centring along the axis of the penetrator 9, in 2 the point of
tangency inside the side 6 with the diameter 4 of the piece to test. For bigger diameters in safety tests build
Page: 31
increased V in order that the point of tangency of the cylinder will be inside the V face and not to the edge 2
(see pic 602.2 Page 172).
Round cone-shaped pieces

Use peremptorily the special tools pic (see dis 602.2 Page 172)
Flat cone-shaped pieces

Max 4 degrees see pic 602.4 (Page 173) use peremptorily the suitable balancing basis indicated in 7 and
driven in 1, with the two piece-pressers 3. The lack of one of these pieces causes the impossibility to test
cone-shaped pieces.
Pieces having point load: the slenderness ratio between the support and the height must not go over 2 times
the smaller basis; for the minimum dimension see the precepts for the minimum distance of the egde of the
piece. For bigger connections use only fastening deviced for autocentring and 3 clips for round pieces like
valves staffs pic 602.6 (page 169) by means of the centring 1 or vices pos 10 pic 602.6 (Page 173) use
brackets 8 for pieces having only a narrow side that does not satisfy the slenderness ratio precepts.
Irregular pieces like fusions, meltings and printed: the most difficult to test, they must be fixed by means of
regular brackets and thicknesses to avoid a swinging. The point to test must be INSIDE the projection of the
support. NB: the support can be a tool (see pic 602.7 Page 173) where the piece can test with a special tool
(11) a ring, instead in pos B the piece is not testable because the test line of the load goes out of the
support causing its overturning.
Tubulars: Tubulars can be tested by means of the V supports see pic.602.1 (Page 172) as long as they have
a thickness 10 or 15 bigger then the external diameter in order to have a reasonable connection between
the side thickness and the external diameter of the tubular. The user is not obliged to respect that rule; only
we suggest to bear in mind the above-mentioned considerations for cylindric pieces. In ogni caso non vi sono
in alcun modo situazioni di pericolo ma solo l’inconveniente di ottenere prove invalidate dal cedimento
elastico della parete. For tests on tubulars having a narrow thickness we advise to thread a plug in the hole
like shown in pic. 602.8 (Page 174).
PIECE SIZE
Elastic pieces like springs: these tests on these pieces are absolutely forbidden like show in pic. 602.9 (Page
174). The hardness test must be carry out on rigid pieces only, for spring try the thread diameter like
pic.602.10 (Page 175) with the its centring 1e and the point of tangency reference 2. The same for similar
pieces.
Page: 32
2.3 Unpermitted utilizations of this instrument
UNPERMITTED UTILIZATIONS OF THE CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
MACHINE
Thickness less then 10 or 15 times the penetration Use a suitable test load
depht
Distance less then 2.5 times the print from the Use a smaller test load (see synoptic tables)
edge of the piece
Oil or dirt on the support of the piece Clean and degrease
Round pieces not aligned and unslided (see pic Align, set the correct sliding or clamp. Only an
602.11 page 175) action is not sufficient (see pic 602.1
(page 172)
Round pieces not aligned and unslided or not guide or block pic 602.1 (page 172)
blocked Pic 102.12 (page 175)
Round pieces blocked and not aligned pic 602.13 Align and block or guide better pic 602.1 (page
(page 175) 172)
Round pieces laying on the V’s edge causes a too use a bigger V as pic 602.1 (page 172)
big diameter respect to the V itself pic 602.2 (page
172)
Cone-shaped round pieces Use a special toll as pic 602.3 (page 172) where
besided the centring 1 there is the shoulder 5 and
in the other orthogonal projection the point of
tangency 2 is inside the side 3
Flat cone-shaped pieces max 4 degrees use the articulated joint base with centering and
the piece press 3 both together, Only an action is
not sufficient pic 602.4 (page 172)
Flat cone-shaped pieces > then 4 degrees Use a special base as in the pic 602.5 (page 172)
with stirrups 8 and shoulders 5, the surface 4 has
to be normal to the indenter 9.
Round slim pieces subject to a point load having the Use the guided autocentring toll 12 pic 602.6
height 2 times bigger then the diameter
prismatic slim pieces subject to a point load having Use a vice 10 clamped in 8 on the base of ther
the height 2 times bigger then the minor base durometer pic 602.6 (page 173)
Pezzi molto irregolari come fusioni e stampati Use a template as an half-shell of the mould see
Very irregular shaped pieces as fusions and pressed pic 602.14 (page 175)
Thin side pipes Use a tool as in the pic 602.8 (page 174)
Springs and elastic pieces Use a tool as in the pic 602.9 (page 174)
Glass and fragile materials Not authorized use
Page: 33
2.4 Foreseeable wrong usage of the machine and dangerous
situations
Wrong and foreseeable uncorrect usage depending on normal carelessness and not on a will to use the
machine in an uncorrect way we remember:
• Wrong pairing between the piece to test and the choosen penetrator
• Wrong pairing between the penetrator and the optical magnification (where foreseen)
• Uncorrect test start without the piece (in case of a non ready machine it carrys out an auto-
adjustment or it does not carry out the test cycle)
These uncorrect utilizations do not generate any kind of danger; they cause wrong test results and possible
damages of the machine not dangerous and/or safety machine stops like “limit switch reached”.
INSTINTIVE REACTIONS OF A PERSON DURING THE UTILIZATION IN CASE OF DYSFUNCTIONS
AND/OR ACCIDENTS DAMAGES ETC:
Uncorrect instintive reactions are paired to a wrong utilization perceiving during the following phases:
PHASES REACTIONS DANGERS

MACHINE JUST STARTED ATTEMPT TO REMOVE THE PIECE NO
MACHINE ON WORK ATTEMPT TO REMOVE THE PIECE NO
CORRECT INSTINTIVE REACTIONS:

Instintive reactions are uncorrect and impulsive reactions that do not cause any kind of danger. However we
distrust carry them out.
Behaviour of some people for some machines:
These machine can be used by qualified and skilled personnel only, keep children away.
Otherwise abled or similar people: the machine foresees the utilization also by otherwise abled people,
within the types of disability and previous medical authorization that indicates the capacity to work with
these type of machines. The machine foresees a workplace of about 90 cm reachable also by wheelchair
utilizators and does not foresee obstacles or limits.
Page: 34
3.0 Hardness tests introduction
Among the mechanical features of metals and alloys, hardness is undoubtedly the most important for the
operator. On the contrary to one’s creed this is not for its phisics importance because hardness is not a
phisics features. The wear and tear resistance has been frequently compared to the hardness (an harder
material that wears another one). In fact this hypothesis is not true always (plastic bearings can wear
tempered steel; a sewing thread or a nylon one can cut rings covered with hard chrome). Hardness concept
is very intuitive and the first hardness scale by MOHS in 1820 for mineralogists says this: a body is harder
than the other when it is able to scratch. From this definition Mohs proposed a scale of 10 minerals selected
so that one of these minerals can scratch the previous one and be scratched by the following.
Mohs hardness scale
Mineral Coefficient
Talc 1
Gypsum 2
Calcite 3
Fluorite 4
Apatite 5
Feldspar 6
Quartz 7
Topaz 8
Corundum 9
Diamond 10
Note: In this scale speed steel tempered would have a coefficient of 8.5; extra steel of 3.5;
copper of 2.5.
Actually, the best definition of hardness is the resistance to deformation of a material. In practical terms it is
not possible to find an universal hardness scale because the deformation of materials is very complicated
and it depends on several factors.
We consider the plastic and the elastic deformations.
Since the test carried considers the plastic or the elastic deformation or a component of one of the two
deformations, the classification of the material may be different. Thus the hardness degree of a rubber for its
mark degree could be infinite because the mark is null. In this case deformation would be purely elastic. The
hardness measured on a material does not have any absolute and has no meaning except when you know all
the parameters that define the test: type of test, nature and shape of the indenter, load.
On the other hand, in order to maintain a satisfactory reproducibility and fidelity, the conventional nature of
the measures requires us to follow specific methods of operation.
From here it follows the importance of rules on tests in this field.
Page: 35
3.1 Hardness tests utilization
After all the considerations about the phisical meaning of the concept of hardness, we can ask whether the
use of these tests has an interest in the metallurgical or mechanical; for, despite their imperfections,
hardness tests are quite important for several reasons:
- Control of incoming materials and identifying the type of material.

- Quality control of heat treatments: carburizing tempering.
- Quality control of heat treatments: carburizing tempering.
The hardness serves only as a reference point. This reference point allows us to compare one alloy to
another, a valid lot to a less valid one, a treatment to another.
As an alternative you should do a scientific test on the product, for example:
a tensile test to determinate the strenght of the product, or a chemical analysis to identify the exat type of
the material of our piece. The hardness test is an indirect test that allows to know the type of metal and the
treatment which has been subjected with good reability examing its physical characteristics.
The main interest of the hardness tests comes from:

- The semplicity of the tests
- The possibility to carry out tests on the pieces and not only their samples, like for other mechanical tests.
- Its non-destructive feature.
- The limited size of the mark offers to the metalworker a good choice for the local exploration of a piece or
a sample: study of localized treatments, drawing on the surface or microhardness: measurement on hard
coatings, study of structures, measures of alloy in different stages.
For all these reasons, hardness tests are essential for everyone working metallic materials but, because of
their conventional nature it should be noted that these tests will be caqrried out following specific operating
mode, such as the standards. Unfortunately these rules are not always respected and although the hardness
tests are the most used, they are also the most ill-used.
Page: 36
3.2 Hardness scales and test methods
OMAG DUROMETERS
OMAG durometers meet the international standards ISO 6508

for determination of hardness according to the method
Rockwell and generate Brinell and Vickers marks according to
ISO 6506 and ISO 6507.
ROCKWELL
The Rockwell is the most common method for the

speeding in determining the result, so that directly
on the display.
BRINELL
Brinell method is adapt for soft materials tempered and

requires a very fine preparation of the surface to test. The
reading is possible by means of a microscope for a
magnification of the obtained mark.
OMAG durometer, if required, allows rapid Brinell and

Vickers comparative measurements without the
microscope by means of the modified method called
HBTW.
For the utilization follow the rules subsequently laid.
VICKERS
The Vickers test method is the most complicated because the

area to test must be mirror polished.
The hardness result is possible by means of the microscope
that misures the two diagonals of the square basis left by the
indenter’s diamond mark, having 136°.
OMAG durometer, if required, allows rapid Brinell

comparative measurements without the microscope.
For the utilization follow the rules subsequently laid.
For an analysis of the topic of testing we advise to consult

the rules:
ISO 6506 for Brinell tests

ISO 6507 for Vickers tests
ISO 6508 for Rockweel and Superficial Rockwell tests
Page: 37
3.2.1 Rockwell method
The Rockwell method is suitable for all types of metals Penetratore Rockwell
Tempered and carburizated steels

We use the 120° diamond indenter with a test load of:
580 N for HRA on thickness> 0,7mm

980 N for HRD on thickness > 1mm
1471N for HRC on thickness > 1,2mm
147 N for HR15N on thin thickness > 0,2mm

Soft steel, iron, annealed metal, cast iron, aluminum, bronze, copper
Diamond 120°
We use the 1/16” spherical indenter with a test load of:
580 N for HRF on pure aluminium, soft metals

980 N for HRB on soft steel, annealed steel, iron
1471 N for HRG on cast iron and hard bronze
147 N for HR15T on thin thickness > 0,2mm

HRA / HRB / HRC / HRD / HRF / HRG / HRN / HRT are the reading
scale depending on how you prepared the durometer.
Each read value of the scale can be easely converted into another
hardness scale following the table (hardness convertion chart)
supplied with each instrument OMAG.
For example:
The measure HRC30 corresponds to 65,5HRA or 298 HB, the same
for other scale of hardness.
Indication of the results

ISO internation standards state that is indispensable to formulate the
result as follows:
ISO 6508
60 HRC = Rockwell hardness 60, measured with C scale.
ISO 6508
90 HR15N = Superficial Rockwell hardness, obtained with a load 147N
and a diamond indenter 120° with 15N scale
Page: 38
3.2.2 Brinell method
Brinell method is suitable for tests on soft metals,

Brinell Indenter nonferrous metals, cast iron.
Some versions of durometers OMAG are designed for direct
Brinell measurements (loads test are 15,6 - 31,2 - 30 - 62,5 –
125 - 187,5 depending on the model chosen).
Simply equip the instrument with the Ø1, Ø2.5 or Ø5mm
indenter, its calibrating test sample and the microscope
MEC030.AFFCO431216. After inserted the suitable indenter and
load, refer to the table 2 and 2.1 (page39-40).
Generate prints on the piece, then measure the matk diameter
with our microscope (cod.MEC030.AFFCO431216); with the
suitable tables placed in the enclosed convert the value of the
microscope into Brinell value.
Some models have a non absolute comparative scales ideal for

Sphere points material selecting controls called HBWT. The test is similar to
that conventional one but differs in the way that determines the
D: 1; 2,5 ; 5 ; 10
Brinell hardness, not for the mark diameter but for its depth
(like a Rockwell). For more information on this type of modified
test see the enclosed in pag.79.
Steel and cast

iron
We use the 2.5 mm sphere indenter and a load of 1839 N for the
scale Hb10
Nonferrous metals (aluminium, bronze, brass)

We use the 2.5 mm sphere indenter and a load of 613 N for the
scale HB10
In the analogic versions those scales are obtainable reading
the numbers on the black quadrant from 0 to 100 like a
Rockwell scale but inserting the load anf the sphere Brinell
indenter. Then with the Brinell tables convert that value into
Brinell numbers.
Very soft nonferrous metals (pure aluminium)

We use the 5mm sphere indenter and a load of 1226 N for the
scale HB5
For example: If you use a 612,7 N (62,5Kgf) load and the 2.5
mm sphere indenter the net value is 40 that corresponds to
50,2 Brinell Hb10. There are many tables, one for every
type of material.
Hb5 Hb10 Hb30: are hardness scale that indicate the
Brinell report.
ISO internation standards state that is indispensable to
formulate the result as follows:
ISO 6506
200 HBW 2,5 - 187,5 HB Brinell hardness
W 2,5 Ø sphere in C 187,5 load used for the test (Kgf)200
detected hardness value
Page: 39
3.2.3 Vickers method
Use Vickers method only where essential.
This method needs a surface mirror polished. Vickers Indenter
The Vickers method uses only a type of indenter for all

matels, soft and tempered: a 136° pyramid diamond.
It can be used with a lot of loads from 0,981N to 981 N

depending on the thickness of the piece to test and its
presumable hardness.
It requires great caution during the test to avoid damages to

the sharp corners of the diamond indenter; besides it is a
must to prepare the surface to be examined with polishing or
diamond paste in order to obtain a glossy surface.
By means of our durometers it is possible to carry out

Vickers marks using the supplied loads.
Separately it is necessary to prepare the surface to be tested Diamante 136°
with suitable equipment.
Note that if you run tests with loads bigger than 441N the
surface preparation can be obtained by an abrasive cloth of
various grains, till using the grain 500 for polishing. Surface
must be flat and without bends.
After running the mark on the material to be examined it is

necessary the mark detection.
Our MIBRI1216 microscope is equipped with a micrometer

scale with the possibility of rotation over 90° for the reading
of the two opposite diagonals of the Vickers mark.
The light of the microscope allows the mark prominence on
the piece surface in order to a better definition of the edge of
the mark.
After carried out the two diagonals measurements consult

the Vickers test tables where there are correspondemdes of
a diagon having a Vickers value for every type of load.
ISO 6507 internation standards state that is indispensable to

formulate the result as follows:
200 HV30 = Vickers 200 Hardness obtained with a test load

of 294.3N
Page: 40
3.3 Choice of the test to use
It is very important to use a right load test to obtain valid and accurate results.
To obtain this follow this simple line:
• measure the thickness of the piece to test
• know the rough hardness of that piece.
In case you do not know the hardness it is compulsory to measure the thickness of the piece that should not
be less than 1.6 mm, then carry out a test in Rockwell A ( HRA ) scale and by means of the conversion table
choose the hardness scale that permits the highest load compatibly with the measured thickness and the
calculated hardness.
N.B.: the thickness is the area to test.
For example:
• if the piece received a treatment for surface nitrogenization, the thickness is that of the
nitrogenization.
• if the piece received a total tempering, the thickness is that of the very piece.
3.3.1 Tables and graphs of the minimum thicknesses for Rockwell tests
Graph of minimum thicknesses for Rockwell tests with diamond cone-shaped indenter
For scales A, C and D, reference B.1, enclosed B, international rules UNI EN ISO 6508-1
Fig. 1
Page: 41
Graph of minimum thicknesses for Rockwell tests with diamond sphere indenter
For scales B, E, F, G, H and K reference B.2, enclosed B, international rules UNI EN ISO 6508-1
Fig.2
Example (fig. 1):

If the thickness to test is 1 mm with a supposed hardness of 60 HRC on the diagram you can see that tha
HRC test is possible because the minimum thickness is 0,8 mm.
Page: 42
3.3.2 Tables and graphs of the minimum thicknesses for Brinell tests
Table of the minimum thickness of the test for Brinell tests depending on the middle diameter of the mark,
reference table B.1, Enclosed B, international rule UNI EN ISO 6506-1
Page: 43
3.3.3 Tables and graphs of the minimum thicknesses for Vickers tests
graph of the minimum thickness of the test depending on the test load and the hardness
(from HV 0,2 to HV 100), reference B.1, enclosed B, international rules UNI EN ISO 6507-1
Legend:
X : Thickness in mm
Y : HV Hardness
Page: 44
3.4 Programming tables and indicative utilizations of the loads
Programming tables for direct readings

Duromaster 200
Forze [N]
Instrument
Display Reading Pre- Test
R RB Rs RBs wording Test method scale Indenter load Load Indication range length
98.1 Hardened steel > 0.7 mm

√ √ − − HRA Rockwell HRA Diamond 120° 588.6 3
98.1 Soft steel and non-ferrous metals
√ √ − − HRB Rockwell HRB Sphere 1/16” 981.0 3–6*
98.1 Tempered steel > 1.2 mm
√ √ − − HRC Rockwell HRC Diamond 120° 1471.5 3
98.1 Tempered steel > 1 mm
√ √ − − HRD Rockwell HRD Diamond 120° 981.0 3
√ √ − − HRE Rockwell HRE Sphere 1/8” 981.0 3–6*
√ √ − − HRF Rockwell HRF Sphere 1/16” 588.6 3–6*
√ √ − − HRG Rockwell HRG Sphere 1/16” 1471.5 3–6*
98.1 Lead, annealed aluminum, tin
√ √ − − HRH Rockwell HRH Sphere 1/8” 588.6 3–6*
98.1 Linings and bearing metals
√ √ − − HRK Rockwell HRK Sphere 1/8” 1471.5 3–6*
98.1 Plastics
√ √ − − HRL Rockwell HRL Sphere 1/4” 588.6 3–6*
98.1 Plastics
√ √ − − HRM Rockwell HRM Sphere 1/4” 981.0 3–6*
Diamond 120° Tempered steel > 0.20 mm

− − √ √ HR15N Rockwell S. HRN(15) 29.4 147.0 3
− − Diamond 120° 29.4 Tempered steel > 0.35 mm
√ √ HR30N Rockwell S. HRN(30) 294.0 3
− − Diamond 120° 29.4 Tempered steel > 0.50 mm
√ √ HR45N Rockwell S. HRN(45) 441.0 3
− − Sphere 1/16” 29.4 All soft metals > 0.20 mm
√ √ HR15T Rockwell S. HRT(15) 147.0 3–6*
− 98.1 Bronze, copper and light alloys

− − √ HB5(1) Brinell HBT2.5/31.25 Sphere 2.5 31.25 3–6*
− √ − − HB10 Brinell HBT10/62.5 Sphere 10 98.1 62.50 Bronzo, rame e leghe leggere 3–6*
− 98.1 Cast iron
√ − − HB30(1) Brinell HBT10/187.5 Sphere 10 187.50 3–6*
− HBT10/187.5 98.1 Nickel Steel
√ − − HB30(2) Brinell Sphere 10 187.50 3–6*
− HBT10/187.5 98.1 Carbon Steel
√ − − HB30(3) Brinell Sphere 10 187.50 3–6*
Hardened steel > 0.7 mm

√ √ − − HRA»HV Rockwell»Vickers HRA»HV Diamond 120° 98.1 588.60 3
Programming tables for prints generation

Vickers 98.1 Hardened steel > 0.7 mm
− − √ √ HV3 HV3 Diamond 136° 29.4 3
Vickers 98.1 Tempered steel > 1.00 mm
√ √ − − HV10 HV10 Diamond 136° 98.1 3
Vickers 98.1 Steel and cast iron
− − − − HV30 HV30 Diamond 136° 294.3 3
√ √ − − HV60 Vickers HV60 Diamond 136° 588.6 3
√ √ − − HV100 Vickers HV100 Diamond 136° 981.0 3
*: Use 3 seconds for high hardness materials; use 6 seconds for low hardness materials.
Page: 45
3.5 Test setting
3.5.1 Test surface setting
The precision of the measurement depending on the roughness of the surface

to be examined. The best is the piece finishing the best id the precision of the
test. The ideal roughness is  Ra 0,8 um at least.
Do not carry out tests on raw surfaces, in this way you would test only the
crust and the indenter could be damaged.
Take away: crusts, rust, grease, oil.
If possible grind the surface; otherwise abrade and polish the part to test.
Some mm² is sufficient.
If the piece can not be polished because its surface could be damaged, carry
out 3 tests at least and make the average between them.
For Vickers and Brinell tests it is necessary a mirror polished of the surface
to test.
The distance between the tests must be 2 or 3 mm at least for 1471.5N

loads; for bigger loads it is necessary a distance of 5 mm at least.
The surface to test must be parallel to the opposite one. During the test the
piece should not be moved, otherwise repeat the test making sure the
piece is well steady.
Clean the surface to test removing oil, grease and rust.

Every 1000 tests clean also the indenter; replace the sphere indenter.
Page: 46
3.5.2 Indenter change
Depending on the type of test to do, it could be necessary to change the indenter. Follow there is the correct
procedure:
Unscrew the ring-nut ( 6 ) in counter-clockwise direction.

Now it is possible to remove the indenter ( 7A / 7B ) and place a correct one into its housing.
Screw the indenter by rotating the ring-nut ( 6 ) in counter clockwise direction.
Page: 47
3.5.3 Assembly of the piece-presser cope
In case you need a bigger steadiness of the piece to test you can provide your test instrument of a piece-
presser cope (optional). It is an accessory designed specifically for these cases. Below you can find the
correct procedure for the assemblage of this accessory.
2 3
1 Remove the guide holder by unscrewing the 4 screws that fix it to the head (fig. 1)
2 Place the special guide (1) by fixing it to the head by means of the 4 screws and paying attention that the
threaded hole for the grub screw is in a frontal position (fig.2).
3 Insert the adjusting screw (2) inside the guide paying attention that the rectangular cave is placed
frontally and place the grub screw so that the adjusting screw would be guided by the grub screw which is
at the rectangular cave, thus avoiding the adjusting screw (2) comes out or can rotate.
4 Screw the ring-nut (3) by rotating it in anticlockwise. The rotation of the ring-nut alloes to calibrate the
distance of the indenter as to edge of the adjusting screw (2) (see chapter 3.6).
Page: 48
3.5.4 Load Change
According to the test to be performed, it may be

necessary to change the load and set the measurement
scale.
Here below you can find correct load change procedure:
-Insert the hexagonal key supplied with the machine
into the slot on the top of the tube.
- Turning clockwise the key, the index will move
upwards. Pay attention to match the 2 indexes: match
A index with the corresponding load line on the slide
and match the adhesive notch B with the adhesive
notch C present on the upper tube.
The loads are in ascending order from top to bottom.
The value of the set load can be seen on the graduated
scale on the slide.
-In order to visualize the intermediate loads, refer to
the label on the tubes.
The number pointed by the arrow corresponds to the
selected load.
- An anti-clockwise movement of the key corresponds
to an increase of the loads
(the index moves down).
B
Page: 49
3.5.5 Preload Change (only EX2)
The EX2 version is equipped with pre-loading drive
24,92 N (3 kgf) for Super Rockwell tests
98.06 N (10 kgf) for Rockwell tests
Before performing the test run, select the proper preload to the table of paragraph 3.4.
Fully tighten the ring nut (clockwise) until it stops to get the
preload
of 29,42 N (3 kgf).
Unscrew the ring to the lower end of stroke to get the preload
98.06 N (10 kgf).
Page: 50
3.6 Electronic panel utilization
3.6.1 Switch on and off
Connect the power cable to the connector IEC 320 seat on the side of the machine.
Connect the other end to the power grid. The voltage must be 230V 50-60Hz monophasic.
NB: 110/115V available on demand.
START UP:
Pressing the electronic control is abled, then the display will turn
on.
After an initial testing, the instrument is positioned on the scale selected

during the last utilization.
EXTINGUISHING:
Pressing the button on the keyboard the display switches off.
So the control board is excluded from the power.

In case of a long period of inutilization we advise to disconnect the
instrument from the wiring.
Page: 51
3.6.2 Electronics survey
Statistics menu
.
Statistics report menu
Conversion menu
Scale selection menu
Memory management menu
Setup menu
Shutdown button
Start up buttons
Multifunction buttons group
- 0,Capital/Small letters
- 1,#,’,@
- 2,a,b,c
- 3,d,e,f
- 4,g,h,i
- 5,j,k,l
- 6,m,n,o
- 7,p,q,r,s
- 8,t,u,v
- 9,w,x,y,z
Previous level
It scrolls the items upward
It scrolls the items downward
It deletes the last entered character
Confirmation button
Page: 52
3.6.3 Electronic panel functionings
1 Change the test scale

2 Change the conversion scale
3 Data memory management
4 Entry text
5 Data printer connection
6 Printed text
7 Statistichs setup
7.1 - Creation of a new statistics term
7.2 - Continue a new statistics term
7.3 - Visualize a new statistics term
7.4 - Print a new statistics term
7.5 - Delete a new statistics term
7.6 - Delete all the statistics terms
8 Statistics report
8.1 - Visualize live statistics details
8.2 - Print data live statistics
9 Settable test parameters
9.1 - Timer
9.2 - Tolerance Hi, Tolerance Lo
9.3 - K Coefficent
9.4 - Round Correction
10 System parameters
10.1 - Contrast Lev.
10.2 - Baud Rate
10.3 - Light Mode
10.4 - Clock Adj.
10.5 - ADC Value
Page: 53
1 How to change the test scale
To change test scale to use press on the key ; you will receive a list of available scales; by means of
the keys and you scroll the items and with the key you select a new scale. The instrument
returns to home making possible the test implementation.
Sequence and scales availability:

HRA » HRB » HRC » HR15N » HR30T » HBW5 » HBW10 » HB30 » HV » HK » HZA » N2N*
The follow tables are given for the choise of scale according to the material and the minimum allowed
thickness of the scale.
2 How to change the conversion scale
Entry the conversion menu pressing the key , move on “Scale”

using and and press to enter the available scales list for
the conversion.
Scroll the list with and and press to choose the
conversion scale.
Press to return to the main window making possible the test
implementation.
It is also possible to visualize and/or print the scales conversion list:

inside the conversion menu choose “View all” with and and
confirm with to visualize the list.
Select “Print all” to send the list to a printer (or PC) by means of the
data port of the instrument.
Page: 54
3 Data memory management
This function allows a log of 350 tests.

The data memory is a default and in case of a disactivation the instrument automatically charges it the
following time.
This type of storage differs from the statistics because the memorized values are available only for the
session in process: if during the hardness tests you change also one test parameter (tolerance, scale, time,
etc) the results would be deleted.
This funtion allows a fast statistics for tests carried out with the same settings.
To enter the speed memory menu press .
You can see two items: “State” and “Delete ALL”.
“State”, if selected, opens a submenu where you can enable or disable

the speed memory function. In this very submenu there is the memory
status: The item “Full” will be tallied when the memory is full.
“Delete All”, if selected, delete all the data memory after a preventive
confirmation.
The instrument is provided with quick dial buttons for data memory
management.
Inside the “multifunction buttons group” there are:

- the “MC” (button of the keyboard) function that is memory cleaner: pressing it in the main window,
all the memorized test will be delete without confirmation;
- the “Summation + (button of the keyboard): pressing it the last memorized test will be
duplicated;
- the “Summation - (button of the keyboard): pressing it the last memorized test will be deleted;
NB: quick functions above-described are available also in the statistics sessions.
Page: 55
4 Text entering
Text entering is a multitap type.

That is to write “test” you need to press these 8 - 3, 3 - 7, 7, 7, 7 - 8
In case the name chosen foresees two characters on the same button like “prova2” you have to proceed like
the above-described procedure with a pause among every change on the samem button, so:
7, pause (“p”) - 7, 7, 7, pause (“r”) – 6, 6, 6, pause (“o”) – 8, 8, 8, pause (“v”) - 2, pause (“a”) – 2, 2, 2,
2, pause (“2”).
Space between a character and another is possible pressing once; pressing it more times you obtain
the following characters: “$”, “%”, “&”, “’”, “(”, “)”, “*”, “+”, “,”, “-”, “1”.
To move to Capital letters to small ones, and vice versa, you need to press and at the same time.
Lo strumento visualizzerà il cambio di stato.
To delete the last character press .
To confirm press .
Attention: is enabled only in fields where the numerical enter is required (tolerances, coefficient, etc).
In text entering it is disabled.
5 Data printer connection
The instrument is provided with a connector for data transmission (RS232C standard). This allows the
instrument to be able to communicate with each type of device designed for that connection.
The signals are available on standard 9-pin connector.
Transmission data code:
Baudrate 1200, 2400, 9600 (adjustable)

1 BIT Start
1 BIT Stop
NO Parity
8 BIT Data
Pin Function
3 TX - Transmission line
5 GND - Mass
8 CTS - Printer ready
Page: 56
6 Printed text
The durometer will send data to the connected device by means of the data exit and will print after a
confirmation.
The tests document is divided into four sections:
In the starting section there are general statistics informations:

- Date, hours and printing temperature
- Measurement scale
- K coefficient status
- Memory utilization
- Statistics folder
In the second section there are the statistics detailed data:

- Maximim limit of the tolerance set
- Minimum limit of the tolerance set
- Number of the carried tests
- Distribution (in percentage) of tests depending on the tolerance
- Maximum value noticed by the tests set
- Minimum value noticed by the tests set
- Average value calculated on the carried tests
- Repeatibility value calculated on tests
- Standard tests deviation (Std.Dev ~ Std.Dev-1)
- Process capacity (Cp)
- Process capacity with centering (CpK)
- Variance (Var)
- Gaussian variable (Z-Minus; Z-Plus)
In third section there are:

- Progressive numbering of the carried test
- Noticed value
- Tolerance conditions (HIGH, LOW, OK)
In the fourth and last section there is* a vertical reading bar graph,
which its minimum value is equal to the tolerance low margin and the
maximum one to the tolerance high margin.
*: only if among the maximum and minimum tolerance limits there is an interval
of 2 points at least.
This instrument can manage until ten different statistics sessions, each of them with 350 stored tests.
To enter the statistics setup menu , press .
To enter the result management of live statistics session menu , press .
Page: 57
7 Statistics setup
Once inside the setup menu (press in the main menu) you have to
choose if creating a new statistics session (“Create new” item), continuing
one previously created (“Continue” item), visualizing values of a live
session (“View” item), printing the values of a live session with a serial
printer (“Print” item), deleting a statistics session (“Delete” item) or
deleting ALL the statistics sessions in memory (“Delete all” item).
Scroll and on the request function and press to confirm.
Attention: funtions for data removing require a confirmation; all the

operations are IRREVERSIBLE.
7.1 How to create a new statistics session
Select the “Create new” item from statistics setup menu (press from
the main menu); the instrument visualizes the list of the ten available
sessions, marking the empty sessions (called also directories) with “folder
empty” item.
Scroll and on an available directory to confirm. Now you

have to name the session; press the alphanumerical buttons to write the
selected name (see paragraph ‘5.i’).
Now select the scale to use, confirm with .
Now the instrument needs the insertion of the maximum tolerance values (“Hi”), minimum (“Lo”), the
conversion scale and the coefficient K(*).
At last it calls you if you want to use the session only just created immediately or save it for a future
utilization.
Depending on your choice, the instrument returns to the statistics menu (if you chose not to use the
funtion) or to the main menu (in case you chose to activate the statistics) having the possibility to make
tests.
(*): “K” coefficient is a value (positive or negative, input by the user) that will be added to the test
result.
For example: if you have a 60.0 HRC test and it is measured with a K coefficient = 0.6 the statistics value is
60.6 HRC.
If the K value was equal to -0.4, the test would have 50.6 HRC value.
For exit from the statistics funtion it is necessary to shut off the instrument.
This process guarantees the accidental exits.
Attention: if the instrument goes into standby mode, when it becomes active the section will be restored.
User’s guide of the machine “206 EX-MX” ver. 2.2. Do not remove, delete or modify any part of this document.
Page: 58
7.2 Continue a session
Select the “Continue” item from statistics setup menu; the instrument
visualizes the list of the ten available sessions, marking the empty
sessions (called also directories) with “folder empty” item and talling the
live one.

The instrument goes to the main menu, ready for new tests.
7.3 How to create a statistics session
Select the “View” item from statistics setup menu; the instrument
directories with “folder empty” item and talling the live one.
The details of the statistics will visualized; to scroll the list press ;
to return back press .
7.4 How to visualize a statistics session
Select the “Print” item from statistics setup menu; the instrument
directories with “folder empty” item and talling the live one.
Scroll and on the function to consult and press to

confirm.
A submenu will be visualized where you can choose the part to print:
- Report To print only data relative to the tests (serial number, scale, hardness value, etc.)
- Statics To print only the statistics data (average, constants, coefficients, etc.)
- Graph To print only the test values represented graphically (by means of bar graph).
- All To print all the tests session (tests data, statistics data, graphs).
Scroll and on the session to print and press to confirm.
The instrument sends all the required informations through the data exit informing the user with a message
on the display.
When finished, the instrument returns to the statistics menu.

Press or make a choice and confirm pressing .
Page: 59
7.5 How to delete a statistics session
Select the “Delete” item from statistics setup menu; the instrument
directories with “folder empty” item and talling the live one (only in case
of an active session).
Scroll and on the function to delete and press to

confirm.
The instrument will send a confirmation to the user.

ATTENTION: The funtion is IRREVERSIBLE. Once given the ok you can not recover deleted data.
Choose if continue with “Yes” or undo the operation with “No” scrolling the button and and
confirm pressing .
If choosing “Yes” only the chosen statistics session will be deleted definitively.
The instrument will visualize a message on the display during the data cancellation.

7.6 How to delete all the statistics session
Select the “Delete ALL” item from the statistics setup menu, the
instrument will ask for a confirmation.
ATTENTION: The funtion is IRREVERSIBLE.

Once given the ok you can not recover deleted data.
Choose if continue with “Yes” or undo the operation with “No” scrolling
the button and and confirm pressing .
If choosing “Yes” all the statistics sessions will be deleted definitively.
The instrument will visualize a message on the display during the data cancellation.

Page: 60
8 Statistics report
This quick function in the “Statistics report menu” (“B”, see paragraph ‘5.a’) allows you to consult all data
relative to the live statistics session.
8.1 How to visualize details of the live statistics
Select the “View” item from the submenu, the instrument shows you the
session details.
Scroll the list with .

To return press .
8.2 How to print details of the live statistics
Select “Print” item from statistics report menu, the instrument shows you
a submenu where it is possible to choose the part to print:
- Report To print only data relative to the tests (serial number,

scale, hardness value, etc.)
- Statics To print only the statistics data (average, constants,
coefficients, etc.)
- Graph To print only the test values represented graphically (by
means of bar graph).
-All To print all the tests session (tests data, statistics data, graphs).
Scroll and on the session to print and press to confirm.
The instrument sends all the required informations through the serial exit informing the user with a message
on the display.
When finished, the instrument returns to the submenu for control choice.
Page: 61
9 Settable parameters for the test
To enter the test settings press , select “Scale” item and confirm with . You will receive a list of
the adjustable parameters, select the item you want to modify scrolling and and confirm with
.
Insert the required value by means of the numeric keyboard and alway confirm with ; the
instrument return to the setup menu. Make a choice or press to carry out a test.
The settable test parameters are the following:
9.1 Timer
It allows to modify the residential time of the load so that the time for
which the durometer’s probe must be pressed on the part.
9.2 Tolerance Hi, Tolerance Lo

It allows to set the tolerance high (Tol. Hi) and low (Tol. Lo) margins.
Inserting the tolerance margins it is possible to see in real time (on the
display the indications “hi”, “ok”, “lo”) the part capacity.
That indication will be shown next to the hardness value also during the
printing phase.
9.3 K Coefficient
It allows to modify the adjustment coefficient.
“K” coefficient is a value (positive or negative, input by the user) that

will be added to the test result.
For example: if you have a 60.0 HRC test and it is measured with a K
coefficient = 0.6 the statistics value is 60.6 HRC.
If the K value was equal to -0.4, the test would have had 50.6 HRC
value.
Another field of application of K coefficient is the measurement of the

round surfaces, concave or convex.
It is possible to use the correction inserting delta hardness as coefficient making a test on a flat piece and
one on a round one, both having a known hardness.
NB: All the parameters described in this paragraph are bound to the live scale, that is every available
scale is customizable and when you change the scale you will find all settings previously inserted.
ATTENTION: at shutdown and restart the instrument, the coefficient remains active.
Page: 62
9.4 Round Corr.
It allows to activate or deactivate the corrections on the round pieces.
select ON or OFF using and then confirm with and exit

pressing .
10 System parameters
To modify system parameters press , select “System” item and confirm with .
You will receive a list of the adjustable parameters, select the item you want to modify scrolling and
and confirm with .
10.1 Contrast Lev

It allows to modify the contrast level of the display rendering the
reading brighter.
Change the contrast using and until the required lever, exit
pressing ; settings are saved automatically.
10.2 Baud Rate

Il allows to modify the data transmission speed on serial port.
Attention: Set the same Baud Rate value both on the instrument and
on the receiving equipment (printer, pc, etc.) otherwise the
transmission does not take place.
There are three speeds: 1200, 2400, 9600 baud. Select the required
transmission speed with and and confirm your choice with
.
There are three modes: on, off and auto.
“On” mode keeps the display light always on until the instrument goes
into standby mode; “off” mode keeps the light always subdued; in "auto" mode the instrument manages
the light. Pressing every button the light switches on and keeps on for about 20 seconds, if no operation
takes place. Then the light will subdue to limit the battery consumption.
So select the required light mode with and and confirm your choice with .
10.3 Light Mode

It allows to set the light mode.
There are three modes: on, off and auto.
“On” mode keeps the display light always on until the instrument goes
into standby mode; “off” mode keeps the light always subdued; in
"auto" mode the instrument manages the light. Pressing every button
the light switches on and keeps on for about 20 seconds, if no
operation takes place. Then the light will subdue to limit the battery
consumption.
So select the required light mode with and and confirm your
choice with .
Page: 63
10.4 Clock Adj
This instrument is provided with an inside watch so you can set the
hours and the date.
Entrando nella configurazione dell’orologio, lo strumento guiderà
l’utente nelle impostazioni.
It requires to modify hours, minutes, year, month and day.
Modify the values using and ; confirm the choice and go to
the following window pressing .
10.5 ADC Value

It shows data acquired by the A/D converter.
This funtion is useful in case of diagnostics.
Press to return to the previous menu.
Page: 64
3.7 The test cyle
1 Ensure correct assembly of the indenter requested for the test. (vedi cap.18)
2 Connect your instrument to the mains with the power cable supplied.
3 Press the button panel of the computer. After a few seconds the display will show "MENU".
4 Press to enter the menu "Select range". With the buttons and move the item
to select scale and then press .
Check the lever (8) is turned toward the operator until the limit
stop (head of the instrument).
Put the piece to be examined on the anvil (13).
Rotate the handwheel (12) in order to draw up the sample (15-

16) until the contact with the indenter (7).
When the display shows the two opposite arrows ( ) slowly
continue the rotation of the handwheel (12) until “START”
appears.
(If the display shows “OVER” it means you exceeded in raising
the anvil holder screw.
Then rotate the handwheel (12) to the contrary in order to set
the sample free. Shift the sample of a few millimetres and repeat
the operations above mentionned).
Push the lever (8) in clockwise sense (toward the back of the
instrument): on the screen there will be some numbers relative to
the test time set. When the set time has elapsed, “PULL” will
appear. Pull the lever (8) in anticlockwise sense (frontal position)
and read the real value of the test.
At the word "END-UNLOAD", the test shall be considered

terminated. Remove the sample (15-16) from the indenter (7)
acting on the handwheel (12) in order to set it free and facilitate
its extraction.
ATTENTION: Once on the screen the wording START appears,

operate solely and exclusively on the lever (8) in order not to
invalidate the test.
Page: 65
3.7.1 Test procedure with piece-presser cope assembled
Check the lever (8) is turned toward the operator

until the limit stop (head of the instrument).
Put the piece to be examined on the anvil (13).
The bearing surface of the cope must be raised as

to the point of the indenter, in order to be
adjusted in a right way.
Rotate the handwheel (12) in order to lift the anvil

holder screw (13), then place the sample until a
contact with the indenter (7).
When the display indicated the two opposite
arrows ( )
slowly continue the rotation of the handwheel

(12) until STOP appears. Then regolate the cope
by adjusting the adjusting screw on the right
height (that is when it touches the specimen) and
fix this height by means of the locking ring-nut and
the grub screw. Now it is possible to continue with
the conventional test, as described in the previous
chapter.
Page: 66
3.8 Adjustment of the Rockwell hardness values
CORRECTIONS FOR ROCKWELL HARDNESS VALUES OBTAINED ON CYLINDRICAL CONVEX

SURFACES.
For tests on cylindrical convex surfaces use the corrections shown in the below tables.
These corrections must be added to the Rockwell hardness values obtained.
Tests with conical diamond indenter (scale A, C e D)

ROCKWELL
HARDNESS BENDING RADIUS (mm)
READINGS
3 5 6,5 8 9,5 11 12,5 16 19
20 2,5 2 1,5 1,5 1 1
25 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 1 1
30 2,5 2 1,5 1,5 1 1 0,5
35 3 2 1,5 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5
40 2,5 2 1,5 1 1 1 0,5 0,5
45 3 2 1,5 1 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5
50 2,5 2 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
55 2 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0
60 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0
65 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0
70 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0
75 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0 0
80 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0 0 0
85 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 0,5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Corrections bigger then 3 HRA, HRC and HRD are not acceptable
Tests with ball indenter of 1.5875 mm (scale B, F e G)

ROCKWELL
HARDNESS BENDING RADIUS (mm)
READINGS
3 5 6,5 8 9,5 11 12,5 16 19
20 2,5 2 1,5 1,5 1 1
30 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 1 1
40 2,5 2 1,5 1,5 1 1 0,5
50 3 2 1,5 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5
60 2,5 2 1,5 1 1 1 0,5 0,5
70 3 2 1,5 1 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5
80 2,5 2 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
90 2 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0
100 1,5 1 1 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0 0
Corrections bigger then 5 HRB, HRF and HRG are not acceptable
Page: 67
CORRECTIONS FOR ROCKWELL HARDNESS VALUES OBTAINED ON SPHERIC CONVEX
SURFACES.
For tests on spheric convex surfaces use the corrections shown in the below tables. These corrections
must be added to the Rockwell hardness values obtained.
ROCKWELL
HARDNESS SPHERE DIAMETRE d (mm)
READINGS
4 6,5 8 9,5 11 12,5 15 20 25
55 HRC 6,4 3,9 3,2 2,7 2,3 2 1,7 1,3 1
60 HRC 5,8 3,6 2,9 2,4 2,1 1,8 1,5 1,2 0.9
65 HRC 5,2 3,2 2,6 2,2 1,9 1,7 1,4 1 0.8
Correction values of this table are calculated with the following formula:
 H 
1 −  2
∆H = 59 ×  160 
d
where H is the Rockwell hardness reading and d is the sphere diametre in millimeters.
CORRECTIONS FOR VICKERS HARDNESS VALUES OBTAINED ON SPHERIC SURFACES.
Following are the correction coefficients for tests performed on spheric surfaces using Vickers method.
Corrections coefficients are formulated respect to the arithmetic average of diagonals of the mark d and
diameter of the sphere D.
For example:
Convex sphere D = 10 mm
Load test F = 98,07 N
Arithmetic average of diagonals of the mark d = 0,150 mm
d/D = 0,150/10 = 0,015

Vickers Hardness = 0,189 1 X 98,07/ (0,15)² = 824 HV 10
Coefficient of correction relative to d/D = 0,983

Sphere hardness = 824 x 0,983 = 810 HV 10
Page: 68
Convex spherical surfaces
Correction Correction
d/D d/D
coefficient coefficient
0,004 0,995 0,086 0,920
0,009 0,990 0,093 0,915
0,013 0,985 0,100 0,910
0,018 0,980 0,107 0,905
0,023 0,975 0,114 0,900
0,028 0,970 0,122 0,895
0,033 0,965 0,130 0,890
0,038 0,960 0,139 0,885
0,043 0,955 0,147 0,880
0,049 0,950 0,156 0,875
0,055 0,945 0,165 0,870
0,061 0,940 0,175 0,865
0,067 0,935 0,185 0,860
0,073 0,930 0,195 0,855
0,079 0,925 0,206 0,850
Concave spherical surfaces

d/D d/D
0,004 1,005 0,057 1,080
0,008 1,010 0,060 1,085
0,012 1,015 0,063 1,090
0,016 1,020 0,066 1,095
0,020 1,025 0,069 1,100
0,024 1,030 0,071 1,105
0,028 1,035 0,074 1,110
0,031 1,040 0,077 1,115
0,035 1,045 0,079 1,120
0,038 1,050 0,082 1,125
0,041 1,055 0,084 1,130
0,045 1,060 0,087 1,135
0,048 1,065 0,089 1,140
0,051 1,070 0,091 1,145
0,054 1,075 0,094 1,150
CORRECTIONS FOR VICKERS HARDNESS VALUES OBTAINED ON CYLINDRICAL SURFACES.
Page: 69
Following are the correction coefficients for tests performed on cylindrical surfaces using Vickers method.
Corrections coefficients are formulated respect to the arithmetic average of diagonals of the mark d and
diameter of the sphere D.
For example:
Concave cylindrical, with a diagonal
of the print parallel to the axis D = 5 mm
Test load F = 294,2 N
Arithmetic average of diagonals of the mark d = 0.415 mm
d/D = 0,415/5 = 0,083

Vickers Hardness = 0,189 1 X 294,2/ (0,415)² = 323 HV 30
Coefficient of correction relative to d/D = 1,075

Sphere hardness = 323 x 1,075 = 347 HV 30
Convex cylindrical surfaces – Diagonals at 45 ° to the axis

d/D d/D
0,009 0,995 0,119 0,935
0,017 0,990 0,129 0,930
0,026 0,985 0,139 0,925
0,035 0,980 0,149 0,920
0,044 0,975 0,159 0,915
0,053 0,970 0,169 0,910
0,062 0,965 0,179 0,905
0,071 0,960 0,189 0,900
0,081 0,955 0,200 0,895
0,090 0,950
0,100 0,945
0,109 0,940
Page: 70
Convex cylindrical surfaces – Diagonals at 45 ° to the axis
d/D d/D
0,009 1,005 0,127 1,080
0,017 1,010 0,134 1,085
0,025 1,015 0,141 1,090
0,034 1,020 0,148 1,095
0,042 1,025 0,155 1,100
0,050 1,030 0,162 1,105
0,058 1,035 0,169 1,110
0,066 1,040 0,176 1,115
0,074 1,045 0,183 1,120
0,082 1,050 0,189 1,125
0,089 1,055 0,196 1,130
0,097 1,060 0,203 1,135
0,104 1,065 0,209 1,140
0,112 1,070 0,216 1,145
0,119 1,075 0,222 1,150
Convex cylindrical surfaces – A diagonal parallel to the axis

d/D d/D
0,009 0,995 0,085 0,965
0,019 0,990 0,104 0,960
0,029 0,985 0,126 0,955
0,041 0,980 0,153 0,950
0,054 0,975 0,189 0,945
0,068 0,970 0,243 0,940
Concave cylindrical surfaces – A diagonal parallel to the axis
Page: 71
d/D d/D
0,008 1,005 0,087 1,080
0,016 1,010 0,090 1,085
0,023 1,015 0,093 1,090
0,030 1,020 0,097 1,095
0,036 1,025 0,100 1,100
0,042 1,030 0,103 1,105
0,048 1,035 0,105 1,110
0,053 1,040 0,108 1,115
0,058 1,045 0,111 1,120
0,063 1,050 0,113 1,125
0,067 1,055 0,116 1,130
0,071 1,060 0,118 1,135
0,076 1,065 0,120 1,140
0,079 1,070 0,123 1,145
0,083 1,075 0,125 1,150
3.9 Conversion of hardness values

During the test it could be necessary to convert hardness values among different scales. This can occur
when the measuring instrument is not equipped with a scale we need.
In this case you can use the following correction equations to convert the hardness values into other
scales. Pay attention that because of their approximation in many cases they are not recommended.
Conversion details are explained in the rule DIN 50150.
HB  HV HB ≅ 0,95 × HV
HRB  HB HRB ≅ 176 − 1165 HB
HRC  HV HRC ≅ 116 − 1500 HV
HV  HK HV ≅ HK
HB  Rm R m ≅ cHB (o HV), R m in N mm −2
Factor c , used to calculate the resistance to the traction R m , could assume these values:
c ≅ 3,5 , for steels (krz-Fe-Matrix)

c ≅ 5,5 , for annealed copper (Cu) and copper alloys
c ≅ 4,0 , for cold forged copper, copper (Cu) and copper alloys
c ≅ 3,7 , for aluminium (Al) and aluminium alloys
Page: 72
4.0 Calibration and control of the instrument precision
Frequent and steady inspections of this calibration instrument, for example using tests provided with
calibration certificate, are the only way to ensure a constant reliability of the results furnished by the
durometer. Tests provided with official certificate are the only way to guarantee the abovementioned.
Calibration must be performaed in accordance with the internation rules (EN ISO 6506, EN ISO 6507, EN
ISO 6508). In case the instrument would furnish results over the regular tolerances it is necessary to
carry out immediatelly the research and the removal of the trouble. A contingent recalibration or repair
work do not carried out by our personnel caused the immediatelly cessation of the warranty and OMAG
will lift by any responsibility.
Control the durometer calibration by means of the suitable supplied control test. 2 or 3 tests are
sufficient. The durometer is considered calibrated if the results do not exceed tolerances listed in the table
of the CALIBRATION INTERNATIONAL RULES. If this is not, replace the indenter and ask for one original
to our office. It is essential to use original parts to avoid damaging the inside components and to obtain
precise and guaranteed values. If after the replacing the indenter does not meet the calibration tolerances
dictated by the rules ask for a control to our factory.
Page: 73
You are reminded that every Rockwell point is equal to 0.002 mm (µm). Every point of the surface scale is
equal to 0.001 mm (µm) it is important to verify that the supporting floor of the rise screw has no bruises
and without dirt or oil.
The same for the anvil supporting floor, both upper and lower. The lower supporting floor must be without
bruises. In case of bruises use alundum to take it away. Usde the Ø25 anvil to perform tests. During the
performances of surface Rockwell scales we advise the utilization of the elastic sope (see page 62) to
ensure a bigger steadiness.
HRC scales: use the flat anvil Ø60 HRN-T scales: use the flat anvil with projection Ø25
When you use the 60 mm ( 1 ) flat anvil and two preliminar tests are at least carried (machine
arrangement and leakage of air among the inferior surface of the test and the superior plane of the flat
anvil) it is possible to move the sample but NOT its raising to not lead to incorrect results.
fig. 1 fig. 2
Page: 74
Every time the indenter, the samples or the anvils are removed the first tests should NEVER be
considered because of they are arrangement tests.
For the duration of the test the instrument must be protected from shocks and vibrations.
Anvils:
Verify the absence of scratches, oil or other external agents on the bearing surface of the tests (indicated
by the arrow fig.3) and on the low bearing surface (side of screw group support, indicated by the arrow
fig.4). If necessary use some alundum to eliminate or smooth possible scratches.
fig. 3 fig. 4
To avoid future problems of measurement

fig. 5 precisions and damages to the rise screw and the
indenter, absolutely avoid to hurt the surface of
the very screw with the anvil (that coul be cause
of bruises on the heat-diffusing surface) and/or
the indenter (whose diamond could be damaged).
We advise minimum 60 mm of distance between
the screw surface and the indenter/ indenter
holder in order to obtain the suitable space to
insert the anvil without dangerous inclinations.
Page: 75
Rise screw:
Verify the absence of scratches, impurities, oil and other external agents on the bearing surface for the
anvils (indicated by the arrow fig.4 and 4). If necessary use a fine-grained alundum to eliminate or
smooth out any imperfections paying attention not to scratch the grind surface of the screw. Pay attention
inserting the anvil inside the screw housing, like explained in the previous paragraph (see also fig.5).
fig. 6
Samples:
Verify the absence of scratches, impurities, oil and other external agents on the bearing surface for the
anvils (indicated by the arrow fig.7 and 8). If necessary use fine-grained alundum to eliminate or smooth
possible scratches. Since the proofs grinded, use the alundum only in case of need because it could cause
a lot of scratches on the bearing surface. Use the proof ONLY on the upper face (where the 5 calibration
tests are visible).
fig. 7 fig. 8
Page: 76
Indenter:
Verify the absence of scratches, impurities, oil and other external agents on the bearing surface of the
indenter (indicated by the arrow fig.9). Because of the sensitivity of the object, use only fine-grained
sandpaper to remove the imperfections. In case it could be insufficient or there would be bruises that
could compromize the bearing please contact OMAG for the replacement of the indenter. Pay particulary
attention also during the anvil removing phase. In this case protect the diamond by means of a finger
(fig. 10) and proceed to the anvil removing unthreading it upward. Pay attention not to hit the support of
the screw to avoid bruises.
fig. 9
fig. 10
Page: 77
4.1 Check of the obtained results of the measurement
4.1.1 Measurement results control for Rockwell method
Repeatibility
1 Enable the session statistics (for procedure, see page 53 of this manual);
2 Carry out 5 measurements on the calibrating sample.
3 Display the statistics, press and select the statistic you want.The displayed value close to the
item corresponds to the mean H.

4 Press, on the next screen will show the average value obtained ("Mean");
5 Value the repeatability using the value obtained and the table below.
ROCKWELL HARDNESS RANGE BLOCKS PERMISSIBLE ERROR PERMISSIBLE REPEATABILITY OF THE
HARDNESS SCALE OF REFERENCE (ROCKWELL points) TEST MACHINE
From 20 to ≤ 75 HRA ± 2,0 HRA

A ≤ 0,02 * (100 − H )
> 75 to ≤ 88 HRA ± 1,5 HRA or 0,8 Rockwell Unit
From 20 to ≤ 45 HRB ± 4,0 HRB
B > 45 to ≤ 80 HRB ± 3,0 HRB
≤ 0,04 * (130 − H )
> 80 to ≤ 100 HRB ± 2,0 HRB or 1,2 Rockwell Unit
C From 20 to ≤ 70 HRC ± 1,5 HRC ≤ 0,02 * (100 − H )

or 0,8 Rockwell Unit
From 40 to ≤ 70 HRD ± 2,0 HRD
D
> 70 to ≤ 77 HRD ± 1,5 HRD or 0,8 Rockwell Unit
From 70 to ≤ 90 HRE ± 2,5 HRE
E
> 90 to ≤ 100 HRE ± 2,0 HRE or 1,2 Rockwell Unit
From 60 to ≤ 90 HRF ± 3,0 HRF
F
> 90 to ≤ 100 HRF ± 2,0 HRF or 1,2 Rockwell Unit
From 30 to ≤ 50 HRG ± 6,0 HRG
G > 50 to ≤ 75 HRG ± 4,5 HRG ≤ 0,04 * (130 − H )
> 75 to ≤ 94 HRG ± 3,0 HRG or 1,2 Rockwell Unit
H From 80 a ≤ 100 HRH ± 2,0 HRH

From 40 to ≤ 60 HRK ± 4,0 HRK
K > 60 a ≤ 80 HRK ± 3,0 HRK ≤ 0,04 * (130 − H )
> 80 a ≤ 100 HRK ± 2,0 HRK or 1,2 Rockwell Unit
N ± 2,0 HRN
T ± 3,0 HRT
Page: 78
Maximum Permissible Error
The error of the machine is characterized by the difference H−H
• H is the average hardness value relative to the 5 measured marks.
• H is the specified hardness of the test used
The maximum admissible error of the test machine must not be greater of values reported in the table
(see also the international rule UNI EN ISO 6508-2 prospect 5)
4.1.2 Measurement results control for Brinell method

Repeatibility
1 Acquiring a microscope that meets the rule (see paragraph 4.1.4 for the utilization of the optional
microscope)
(see UNI EN ISO 6506-2 par. from 4.4 and 4.5 Enclose A)
2 Perform 5 measurements on the calibrating test sample. Using the following formula
d1 + d 2 + d 3 + d 4 + d 5
d= , where d 1 and d 5 are the maximum and minimum diametrs of the print, d
5
the mean of the 5 diameters obtained from tests. Using the table of page 87, compute the HBW
hardness value.
3 By measn of the two values obtained, verify the repeatibility using the below table.
HARDNESS OF THE
PERMISSIBLE REPEATABILITY PERMISSIBLE ERROR
SAMPLE
OF THE TEST MACHINE (mm) OF THE TEST MACHINE ( % di H)
(HBW)
< 125 0,030 · d 3%
125 ≤ HB ≤ 225 0,025 · d 2,5 %
> 225 0,020 · d 2%

The error of the machine is characterized by the difference
H −H
• H is the average hardness value relative to the 5 measured marks and is obtained by the formula
H1 + H 2 + H 3 + H 4 + H 5
H= , where H 1 , H 2 , H 3 , H 4 , H 5 are the hardness values equivalent to
5
the 5 diameters of the print obtained previously, that is d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , d 4 , d 5 .
The maximum possible error of the test machine is expressed as percentage of the hardness of the
reference sample and it must not be bigger then the values indicated in the reference table (see rule UNI
EN ISO 6506-2, chap. 5, schedule 2)
• H is the specified hardness of the test used
Page: 79
4.1.3 Measurement results control for Vickers method
Repeatibility
1 Acquiring a microscope that meets the rule (see paragraph 4.1.4 for the utilization of the optional
microscope)
(see UNI EN ISO 6507-2 par. from 4.4 and 4.5 Enclose A)
2 Perform 5 measurements on the calibrating test sample. d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , d 4 , d 5 are the arithmetic
average values of the two diagonals of the marks sorted by increasing size. Repeatibility is characterized
by the difference d 5 − d 1
3 Compare the value with the table beflow
Max repeatability of the test machine
d * HV
Hardness
of the from HV 5 to HV 100 from HV 0,2 to < HV 5
specimen from HV from HV
5 to HV 0,2 to < < HV 0,2 Hardness
Hardness of
100 HV 5 HV of the HV
the specimen
specimen
≤ 225 HV 0,03 d 0,03 d 0,03 d 100 6 100 12
200 12 200 24
> 225 HV 0,02 d 0,04 d 0,05 d 250 10 250 20
350 14 350 28
600 24 600 48
750 30 750 60
d1 + d 2 + d 3 + d 4 + d 5
* d=
5
The error of the machine is characterized by the difference H−H

• H is the average hardness value relative to the 5 measured marks and is obtained by the formula
H1 + H 2 + H 3 + H 4 + H 5
H= , where H 1 , H 2 , H 3 , H 4 , H 5 are the hardness values corresponding
5
to the 5 length arithmetic mean values of the two diagonals of the prints, that is d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , d 4 , d 5 .
• H is the specified hardness of the specimen used
Page: 80
The maximum admissible error of the test machine is expressed as percentage of the referencing test and
must not be greater of values reported in the table (see also the international rule UNI EN ISO 6507-2
prospect 5) that you can see below.
Maximum permissible percentage error of measuring instrument

Hardnes
s symbol HV Hardness
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1500
HV 0,01
HV 10
0,015
HV 0,02 8
HV 8 10
0,025
HV 0,05 6 8 9 10
HV 0,1 5 6 7 8 8 9 10 10 11
HV 0,2 4 6 8 9 10 11 11 12 12
HV 0,3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 11
HV 0,5 3 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 8 9 11
HV 1 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 8
HV 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6
HV 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5
HV 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
HV 10 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
HV 20 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
HV 30 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HV 50 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HV 100 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Page: 81
4.1.4 Utilization of the microscope to obtain measures
This microscope, come in option (code MEC030.AFFCO431216), has been designed with a simple
structure to faciliate the operations and it is to use for marks measurement coming out from the Brinell
hardness tests. Below there is a scheme of the external structure of the microscope.
Dettaglio del pomolo graduato ( 1 )
Technical Data
Magnification: x 20
Visual filed diameter: 9 mm
Real range: 8 mm
Graduation range of Minimum reading in Accuracy of

Eye lens scale span
eye lens scale graduate micro scale measurement
1 mm 8 mm 0.005 mm 0.005 mm
Use of the microscope
Place the microscope on the test or on the sample, use daylight or a lamp as lighting through the crack
on the cylindrical body of the microscope. Both numbers and graduated lines of the scale must be clearly
identifiable inside de field of visual. If the print is not clear, rotate the nonius to settle the view until it is
clear.
The microscope is calibrated in the factory to guarantee that both the marks on the tests and on the
samples are clearly defined.
Rotate the roller ( 1 ) to carry out the reading. On the roller ( 1 ) are printed numbers among 0 and 100;
they are graduate lines having a division of 0.0005 mm so that an intire turn is equal to 0.5 mm.
Page: 82
In the lens there are two scales, one fix and one mobile. Numbers among 0 and 8 are indivated in the fix
scala with a division of 1 mm (see the figure below), instead a black line is in the mobile scale.
fig. 1
When you rotate the knob ( 1 ) the mobile scale with the black line moves simultaneously. Now you can
misure the mark in the way below:
1 Move the black line in order that it is tangent to a side of the mark and it is possible to measure.
2 Rotate the knob ( 1 ) and move the line till obtain the tangency with the other side of the mark and
measure again. (see fig. 2 for the graphic exemplification of the procedure)
Measurement example: Place a test already signed or a sample on the support in a steady position, so
place the microscope over it (test or sample). Through the eyepiece you will see the mark enlarged on
the test. To measure the print, first rotate the knob ( 1 ) to move the black line in the mobile scale in
order that it is tangent to a side of the mark and measure it, in this case 2.971 (the first number “2” has
taken straight on the scale, instead 0.971 is determined by the fact that the roller has turned a full cicle
for 94.2 notches and then 194,2x0.005 mm ). Rotate the wheel and move the line in order that it is
tangent to other side and proceed with the second reading, in that case 4.000 mm. The diameter of the
mark is calculated as a difference between the two measures, in that case 10.029. Turn the microscope of
90° (to this you can also loosen the screw ( 4 ) and turn the body of 90°) and repeat the previous steps
to find another diameter (in a perpendicular direction to the first), in this case 1.031 mm. The arithmetic
mean of the two measures is the definitive result. It must be know that the number 0-8 can be read
directly on the scale where a notch among the numbers is equivalent to 0.5 mm. The division on the scale
on the wheel is 0.005 mm, the entire rotation (100 notches) is equivalent to 0.5 mm, so that the reading
could be the numeric value of the scale plus the product of 0.005 by the number of notches rotated.
In this case:
4.000 – (2 + 0.005 x 194.2) = 1.029 mm
(1.029 + 1.031) / 2 = 1.030 mm (See Fig. 2)
fig. 2
If you choose a load force of 612.9 N and a Ø2,5 sphere indenter, the value of the hardness
Page: 83
can be found in the table, 71.7 HBW that corresponds to a diameter of the mark of 1.030 mm.
Special cautions for the microscope maintenance
The microscope accuracy has been calibrated in the factory si it does not need adjustments.
The manufacturer declines all responsibility for possible errrors or malfunctions due to an unauthorised
dismantling by the user.
The microscope must be kept out from the dust, dampness or corrosive agents both during its utilization
and in case of non-utilization.
Dirty lens must be cleaned by means of a soft cloth. The presence of oil can be removed with cotton
dipped in alcohol or ether.
4.2 Maintenance and repair

OMAG durometer do not need specific or particular maintenance, but to obtain precise and reliable tests
you have to follow these short caution notes:
• Every 500 test verify the calibration of the durometer

performing some tests on the control sample
• Every 500 test verify the indenter state by means of a
magnifying glass: If it could have chippings, it is
necessary to return to OMAG to be restored or
replaced.
• Every 500 tests clean the indenter by means of a cloth.
• Replace the samples into their supplied boxes.
• Keep the anvils clean, remove possible marks of oxide
and possible bruises in the surfaces.
Page: 84
4.3 Anomalies individualization and their quick removal
Defect Probable cause Solution
Verify the presence of electrical
voltage on the network. Check the
Pressing the button, the Defect of power supply
power cable to the instrument
display will not turn on
Performing a measurement, the

display will remain fixed Test data unconfirmed
Press and
on a number
The writing - PULL - remains fixed on Measurement cycle does not run Press and
the display properly by the operator repeat the operations, following the
instruction (pag.25)
The particular measured has a

hardness in excess of the maximum
Out of range
Performing a measurement, the scale value (see table range of
value is displayed: applications, and repeat the test)
The indenter was not entered
correctly
100 with HRC method See installing the indenter of this
130 with HRB method manual
Incorrect operation of lever (10)
Or 9999 with all method
Repeat, making sure that the lever
fulfilled all his hike up to the end
stops
Check the correct alignment of the

Offset of the indenter relative to
indenter
round surface to be examined
Check that the surface of the
Imperfect placement of the specimen
workpiece support is stable, and if
It easily breaks the diamond indenter on the base plate or anvil
necessary, straighten or eliminate
bruising and / or metal shavings.
Indenter not been properly fixed
Be checked by one of our technicians
See "Field of application" and make

Imperfect use of the instrument sure that all the evidence be properly
inserted (method, test load,
indenter)
Conduct 3 tests on calibration test

piece: if the values are systematically
inaccurate, replace the indenter with
Get different results from the value Indenter worn a new one
that was expected
Caution: Use only original parts
marked AFFRI. This ensures optimum
operation of the instrument.
Otherwise, even it decays all
warranties.
Using too large anvil Use an anvil smaller
Page: 85
4.4 Support call
For any information concerning the use, maintenance, installation, etc. the manufacturer is always
available to the customer's request.
Below there are address and telephone numbers of the manufacturer.
OMAG DI AFFRI
Via Monte Tagliaferro, 8
Tel. (+39) 0332.200546
Telefax (+39) 0332.203704
21056 – INDUNO OLONA - VARESE – ITALIA
www.omagaffri.com info@omagaffri.com
Page: 86
4.5 Storage of the machine
When stored for machine inactivity protecting the metal parts with anti-rust oil, make sure it is protected
from the elements, it is stored under cover with low humidity and absence of dust; it is desiderable to
cover with a waterproof and put inside suitable hygroscopic salts.
4.5.1 Overall dimensions of the packaging
Height: 930mm Max

Width: 620mm
Depth: 675mm
Net weight: 60kg
4.6 Assembly and disposal

4.6.1 Sequential phases of assembly and dismantling
The machine is supplied fitted and adjusted, ready for use, except for the indenters and the optics to
choose from time to time according to tests to be performed.
4.6.2 Safety decommissioning

The tool can resell as scrap metal, or may be disposed in the centers of collection, after separation of its
parts.The machine can be resold as scrap metal, or may be disposed in the centers of collection after
separation of its parts.
Correctly dispose the parts polluted by the lubricating oil in compliance with current Regulations.
As for the metal mass of the machine it is sufficient the division of the steel parts and those made of
other metals or alloys for a proper delivery to recycling by melting.
Page: 87
5.0 Lists
5.1 Spare parts list “206 EX/EXS”
Page: 88
Spare parts list
# Article Code Description
1 MEC020.02303001 Measurement head, ready to be assembly.

2 MEC020.02306001 Programmable Electronic panel
3 MEC020.01103140 Appliance load lever
4 MEC030.01103020 Indenter ring-nut
5 MEC030.70013010 120° Diamond indenter| Rockwell Tests
6 MEC030.70013003 Ø1/16” Sphere Indenter| Brinell Tests
7 MEC030.A0140001 Ø60 Anvil flat surface
Ø60 Anvil “V” surface

8 MEC030.A0140003 It allows tests on cylindrical pieces having diameters from 4 to 60
mm
Ø60 Reversible anvil ; “V” or flat surface

9 MEC030.A0140004 It allows tests on little dimensions pieces, both flat and cylindrical
having diameters from 4 to 24 mm
10 MEC030.90001019 Protective Bellows
11 MEC040.ELSI28080M12 Raising handwheel knob
12 MEC020.90001001 Raising screw KIT ready for assembly
13 MEC030.60010002 HRB Sample certified by the manufacturer
14 MEC030.60010003 HRC Sample certified by the manufacturer
15 MEC030.60010073 HR30N Sample certified by the manufacturer
16 MEC030.60010083 HR30T Sample certified by the manufacturer
Page: 89
5.2 Fitting lists “206 MX/MXS”
Page: 90
Spare part list
# Article Code Description
1 MEC020.02303001 Measurement head, ready to be assembly.

2 MEC030.00206002 Programmable Electronic panel
3 MEC030.02403004 Kit pulley (Z=24)
4 MEC030.02403002 Kit pulley (Z=72)
5 HTD-420-3M-09 Belt
6 ELE040.0220001010 24 V Motor
7 MEC030.01103020 Indenter ring-nut
8 MEC030.70013010 Penetratore in diamante 120° | Prove Rockwell
9 MEC030.70013003 Penetratore a sfera Ø1/16” | Prove Brinell
10 MEC030.A0140001 Incudine Ø60 superficie piana
Incudine Ø60 superficie a “V”

11 MEC030.A0140003 Permette prove su particolari cilindrici con diametri compresi
tra 4 e 60 mm
Incudine Ø60 reversibile; superficie piana e a “V”

12 MEC030.A0140004 Permette prove su particolari di piccole dimensioni, sia piani
che cilindrici con diametri compresi tra 4 e 24 mm
13 MEC030.90001019 Protective Bellows
14 MEC040.ELSI28080M12 Raising handwheel knob
15 MEC020.90001001 Raising screw KIT ready for assembly
16 MEC030.60010002 HRB Sample certified by the manufacturer
17 MEC030.60010003 HRC Sample certified by the manufacturer
18 MEC030.60010073 HR30N Sample certified by the manufacturer
19 MEC030.60010083 HR30T Sample certified by the manufacturer
Page: 91
5.3 Accessory list “206 EX/EXS/MX/MXS”
Page: 92
Fittings lists
# Code Description
1 MEC030.011A0001 Adjustable Piece press base
Indenter support for inside tests

2 MEC030.A0160001
Scale used: HR30N | Min Diameter: 13mm | Max outhreach: 17mm
Indenter support for inside tests

3 MEC030.A0160002
Scale used: HRC | Min Diameter: 17mm | Max outhreach: 22mm
120° Reduced diamond indenter | Rockwell Tests

4 MEC030.70013012
For inside tests, with the suitable base
5 MEC030.70013010 120° diamond indenter | Rockwell Tests
6 MEC030.70013003 Ø1/16” sphere indenter | Rockwell Tests
7 MEC030.A0140001 Ø60 Anvil flat surface anvil
Ø60 “V” surface anvil

8 MEC030.A0140003
It is useful for tests on cylindrical pieces having diameter from 4 to 60 mm
Ø60 Reversible anvil; Flat and “V” surface

9 MEC030.A0140004 It is useful for tests on small pieces, both flat and cylindrical having diameter
from 4 to 60 mm
10 MEC030.A0140002 Ø140 Flat surface anvil
11 MEC030.A0100010 Holder instrument table
12 MEC030.60010001 HRA Rockwell Sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60010001-60 60* Hardness value HRA Sample
13 MEC030.60010002 B Rockwell sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60010002-30 30* Hardness value HRB Sample
Page: 93
14 MEC030.60010003 C Rockwell sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60010003-20 20* Hardness value HRC Sample
15 MEC030.60010073 30N Rockwell sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60010073-41 41* Hardness value HR30N Sample
16 MEC030.60010083 30T Rockwell sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60010083-49 49*Hardness value HR30T Sample
MEC030.60010083-63 63* Hardness value HR30T Sample
MEC030.60010083-76 76* Hardness value HR30T Sample
17 MEC030.60020001 HV10 Vickers sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60020001-50 50* Hardness value HV10 Sample
Page: 94
18 MEC030.60020003 HV30 Vickers sample certified by the manufacturer
19 MEC030.60000023 HBW2.5/62.5 Brinell sample certified by the manufacturer
MEC030.60000023-100 100* Hardness value HBW2.5/62.5 Sample
20 MEC030.60000024 HBW2.5/187.5 Brinell sample certified by the manufacturer
21 MEC030.AFFCO431216 20x div. 0.01 Microscope
22 MEC040.A0010002 Serial Data Printer
23 MEC030.A0140009 Special spring support anvil
Page: 95
5.4 Electrical parts list “206 EX/EXS”
Electrical part list

# Code Q.ty Description Model Manufacturer
1 ELE040.0120018002 1 Power switch - -
ELE040.0130002001 1 250V – 2A 5x20 Fuse (glass) T2A 250V~ -
2 ELE040.0120009004 1 D-Sub 9 pole Connector – RS232 - -
3 ELE040.0170002001 1 Switching power supply unit 100-240V NES-25-24 MEANWELL
4 MEC020.02306001 1 Programming electronic panel - -
Page: 96
5.5 Electrical parts list “206 MX/MXS”
Electrical part list

# Code Q.ty Description Model Manufacturer
1 ELE040.0120018001 1 Power Supply - -
2 ELE040.0120009004 1 D-Sub 9 pole Connector – RS232 - -
3 ELE040.0170002001 1 Switching power supply unit 100-240V NES-25-24 MEANWELL
4 MEC030.00206002 1 Programming electronic panel - -
17PL030DT03 Siboni
5 ELE040.0220001010 1 Motor 24 V
RE34
Page: 97
6.0 Enclosures
- Declaration of conformity, page 76
- The Brinell test according to the method based on measuring of penetration depth in theory and in
practise, pages 79-81
- Table for direct reading of HBT Brinell hardness, pages 82-83
- Table extended to determinate the value of Brinell hardness HBW according to the diameter of the print,
pages 84-86
- Table extended to determinate the value of Brinell hardness HBW according to the diameter of the mark,
pages 87-94
- Overview of the values of Vickers hardness to be used for tests on flat surfaces, pages 95-121
- Table for the reading of Vickers hardness, pages 122-167
- Drawings:
602.1
602.2
602.3
602.4
602.5, Pag. 168
602.6
602.7, Pag. 169
602.8
602.9, Pag. 170
602.10
602.11
602.12
602.13
602.14, Pag. 171
- Wiring diagram, pag 172
Page: 98
Page: 99
TABLES FOR A DIRECT READING OF HBWT BRINNEL HARDNESSES
TABLE FOR DIRECT READING OF 2,5/187,5 (HB30) BRINELL HARDNESS

For carbon steel
Indenter: Ø2,5 mm
Total load: Kg 187,5 EQUAL TO: Ø10 MM
Reading: on scale 0 – 100 to convert into HB-30 Brinell KG 3000
Hardness
READINGS HB-30 READINGS HB-30
BRINELL READINGS
POINTS 0- RESISTANCE BRINELL RESISTANCE POINTS 0- BRINELL RESISTANCE
HB-30 POINTS 0-100
100 100
1 104,8 37,7 31 139 50,1 55,5 212 76,5
2 105,6 38,0 32 141 50,8 56,0 215 77,4
3 106,4 38,2 33 143 51,5 56,5 217 78,3
4 107,2 38,6 34 145 52,3 57,0 220 79,3
5 108 38,8 35 147 52,9 57,5 223 80,3
6 109 39,2 36 149 53,6 58,0 226 81,4
7 110 39,6 37 151 54,4 58,5 229 82,4
8 111 40,0 38 153 55,1 59,0 232 83,5
9 112 40,3 39 155 55,8 59,5 235 84,5
10 113 40,7 40 158 56,9 60,0 238 85,6
11 114 41,0 41 161 58,0 61 243 87,5
12 115 41,4 42 164 59,1 62 249 89,6
13 116 41,8 43 167 60,1 63 255 91,8
14 117 42,2 44 170 61,2 64 262 94,3
15 118 42,5 45 173 62,3 65 269 96,3
16 119 42,8 46 176 63,4 66 277 99,7
17 120 43,2 47 179 64,5 67 285 102,6
18 121 43,6 48 182 65,5 68 293 105,5
19 122 43,9 49 186 66,9 69 301 108,4
20 123 44,3 50 190 68,4 70 309 111,2
21 124 44,6 50,5 192 69,1 71 318 114,5
22 125 45,0 51,0 194 69,8 72 328 118,1
23 126 45,4 51,5 196 70,5 73 338 121,7
24 127 45,8 52,0 198 71,3 74 348 125,3
25 128 46,1 52,5 200 72,0 75 359 129,2
26 130 46,8 53,0 202 72,7 76 370 133,2
27 131 47,2 53,5 204 73,4 77 382 137,5
28 133 47,8 54,0 206 74,1 78 395 142,2
29 135 48,6 54,5 208 74,8 79 409 147,2
30 137 49,3 55,0 210 75,6 80 424 152,6
For nickel steel

READINGS HB-30 READINGS HB-30
BRINELL READINGS
POINTS 0- RESISTANCE BRINELL RESISTANCE POINTS 0- BRINELL RESISTANCE
HB-30 POINTS 0-100
100 100
20 122 41,5 42 165 56,1 64 257 87,5
21 124 42,2 43 167 56,8 65 265 90,0
22 125 42,5 44 170 57,8 66 274 93,2
23 127 43,2 45 173 58,8 67 284 96,6
24 128 43,6 46 176 59,8 68 295 100,5
25 130 44,2 47 179 60,9 69 306 104
26 132 44,9 48 182 61,9 70 318 108
27 133 45,3 49 185 62,9 71 331 112,5
28 134 45,6 50 188 63,9 72 344 117
29 136 46,3 51 192 65,3 73 358 122
30 138 47,0 52 196 66,6 74 372 126,5
31 140 47,6 53 200 68,0 75 387 131,5
32 142 48,3 51,6 204 69,4 76 403 137
33 144 49,0 55 208 70,8 77 419 142
34 146 49,6 56 212 72,2 78 439 149
35 148 50,3 57 216 73,5 79 459 156
36 150 51,0 58 221 75,2 80 479 163
37 152 54, 59 226 76,8 81 499 169
38 155 52,7 60 231 78,6 82 520 176
39 157 53,4 61 237 80,6 83 542 184
40 160 54,4 62 243 82,8 84 564 192
41 162 55,1 63 250 85,0
Page: 100
TABLE FOR DIRECT READING OF HBW 2,5/ 62,5 (HB10) BRINELL HARDNESS
For non-ferrous metals
Indenter: Ø2,5 mm
Hardness HB-10 HB-10 HB-10 HB-10
READINGS READINGS READINGS READINGS
BRINELL BRINELL BRINELL BRINELL
POINTS 0-100 POINTS 0-100 POINTS 0-100 POINTS 0-100
0 28,9 22 38,6 44 53,5 66 83,5
1 29,3 23 39,1 45 54,4 67 86,0
2 29,7 24 39,6 46 55,3 68 88,5
3 30,1 25 40,2 47 56,2 69 91,0
4 30,5 26 40,8 48 57,2 70 93,5
5 30,9 27 41,4 49 58,2 71 96,0
6 31,3 28 42,0 50 59,2 72 99,0
7 31,7 29 42,6 51 60,3 73 102
8 32,1 30 43,2 52 61,4 74 105
9 32,5 31 43,8 53 62,6 75 108
10 32,9 32 44,5 54 63,8 76 112
11 33,3 33 45,2 55 65,0 77 116
12 33,7 34 45,9 56 66,4 78 120
13 34,1 35 46,6 57 67,8 79 125
14 34,6 36 47,3 58 69,2 80 130
15 35,1 37 48,0 59 70,6 81 136
16 35,6 38 48,7 60 72,0 82 143
17 36,1 39 49,4 61 73,5 83 151
18 36,6 40 50,2 62 75,1 84 160
19 37,1 41 51,0 63 76,8 85 171
20 37,6 42 51,8 64 79,6 86 183
21 38,1 43 52,6 65 81,5
TABLE FOR DIRECT READING OF 2,5/187,5 (HB30) BRINELL HARDNESS

For cast iron and hard cast iron
Indenter: Ø2,5 mm
Hardness
HB-30 HB-30 HB-30 HB-30
READINGS READINGS READINGS READINGS
BRINELL BRINELL BRINELL BRINELL
POINTS 0-100 POINTS 0-100 POINTS 0-100 POINTS 0-100
0 105 29 138,5 48 190 67 296,5
2 106,5 30 140,5 49 194 68 305,5
4 108 31 142,5 50 198 69 315
6 109,5 32 144,5 51 202 70 325
8 111 33 146,5 52 206,5 71 335,5
10 113 34 149 53 211 72 346,5
12 115 35 151,5 54 215,5 73 358
14 117 36 154 55 220 74 370
16 119 37 156,5 56 225 75 383
18 121,5 38 159 57 230 76 397
20 124 39 161,5 58 235 77 412
21 125,5 40 164 59 240,5 89 428
22 127 41 167 60 246 79 445
23 128,5 42 170 61 252 80 463
24 130 43 173 62 258,5 81 484
25 131,5 44 176 63 265,5 82 513
26 133 45 179,5 64 272,5 83 548
27 134,5 46 183 65 280
28 136,5 47 186,5 66 288
Page: 101
SUMMARY TABLE FOR BRINNEL READING ACCORDING TO THE DIAMETER OF THE
PRINT
Page: 102
Page: 103
Page: 104
THOROUGH TABLE TO DETERMINATE BRINNEL HARDNESS (HBW) ACCORDING TO THE
DIAMETER OF THE PRINT
Load-Diameter Report
Sphere diameter 0,102 x F D 2
30 15 10 5 2,5 1
Test load
D
mm
F
N
29420 14710 9807 4903 2452 980,7
10
5 7355 - 2452 1226 612,9 245,2
2,5 1830 - 612,9 306,5 153,2 61,29
1 294,2 - 98,07 49,03 24,52 9,807
Mean diameter d (mm) of

Brinell HBW Hardness
the print
2,40 1,200 0,600 0 0,240 653 327 218 109 54,5 21,8
2,41 1,205 0,602 5 0,241 648 324 216 108 54,0 21,6
2,42 1,210 0,605 0 0,242 643 321 214 107 53,5 21,4
2,43 1,215 0,607 5 0,243 637 319 212 106 53,1 21,2
2,44 1,220 0,610 0 0,244 632 316 211 105 52,7 21,1
2,45 1,225 0,612 5 0,245 627 313 209 104 52,2 20,9
2,46 1,230 0,615 0 0,246 621 311 207 104 51,8 20,7
2,47 1,235 0,617 5 0,247 616 308 205 103 51,4 20,5
2,48 1,240 0,620 0 0,248 611 306 204 102 50,9 20,4
2,49 1,245 0,622 5 0,249 606 303 202 101 50,5 20,2
2,50 1,250 0,625 0 0,250 601 301 200 100 50,1 20,0
2,51 1,255 0,627 5 0,251 597 298 199 99,4 49,7 19,9
2,52 1,260 0,630 0 0,252 592 296 197 98,6 49,3 19,7
2,53 1,265 0,632 5 0,253 587 294 196 97,8 48,9 19,6
2,54 1,270 0,635 0 0,254 582 291 194 97,1 48,5 19,4
2,55 1,275 0,637 5 0,255 578 289 193 96,3 48,1 19,3
2,56 1,280 0,640 0 0,256 573 287 191 95,5 47,8 19,1
2,57 1,285 0,642 5 0,257 569 284 190 94,8 47,4 19,0
2,58 1,290 0,645 0 0,258 564 282 188 94,0 47,0 18,8
2,59 1,295 0,647 5 0,259 560 280 187 93,3 46,6 18,7
2,60 1,300 0,650 0 0,260 555 278 185 92,6 46,3 18,5
2,61 1,305 0,652 5 0,261 551 276 184 91,8 45,9 18,4
2,62 1,310 0,655 0 0,262 547 273 182 91,1 45,6 18,2
2,63 1,315 0,657 5 0,263 543 271 181 90,4 45,2 18,1
2,64 1,320 0,660 0 0,264 538 269 179 89,7 44,9 17,9
2,65 1,325 0,662 5 0,265 534 267 178 89,0 44,5 17,8
2,66 1,330 0,665 0 0,266 530 265 177 88,4 44,2 17,7
2,67 1,335 0,667 5 0,267 526 263 175 87,7 43,8 17,5
2,68 1,340 0,670 0 0,268 522 261 174 87,0 43,5 17,4
2,69 1,345 0,672 5 0,269 518 259 173 86,4 43,2 17,3
2,70 1,350 0,675 0 0,270 514 257 171 85,7 42,9 17,1
2,71 1,355 0,677 5 0,271 510 255 170 85,1 42,5 17,0
2,72 1,360 0,680 0 0,272 507 253 169 84,4 42,2 16,9
2,73 1,365 0,682 5 0,273 503 251 168 83,8 41,9 16,8
Page: 105
2,74 1,370 0,685 0 0,274 499 250 166 83,2 41,6 16,6
2,75 1,375 0,687 5 0,275 495 248 165 82,6 41,3 16,5
Sphere diameter D (mm)
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
Mean diameter of the print d
(mm)
2,76 1,380 0,690 0 0,276 492 246 164 81,9 41,0 16,4
2,77 1,385 0,692 5 0,277 488 244 163 81,3 40,7 16,3
2,78 1,390 0,695 0 0,278 485 242 162 80,8 40,4 16,2
2,79 1,395 0,697 5 0,279 481 240 160 80,2 40,1 16,0
2,80 1 ,400 0,700 0 0,280 477 239 159 79,6 39,8 15,9
2,81 1 ,405 0,702 5 0,281 474 237 158 79,0 39,5 15,8
2,82 1,410 0,705 0 0,282 471 235 157 78,4 39,2 15,7
2,83 1,415 0,707 5 0,283 467 234 156 77,9 38,9 15,6
2,84 1 ,420 0,710 0 0,284 464 232 155 77,3 38,7 15,5
2,85 1 ,425 0,712 5 0,285 461 230 154 76,8 38,4 15,4
2,86 1 ,430 0,715 0 0,286 457 229 152 76,2 38,1 15,2
2,87 1 ,435 0,717 5 0,287 454 227 151 75,7 37,8 15,1
2,88 1,440 0,720 0 0,288 451 225 150 75,1 37,6 15,0
2,89 1,445 0,722 5 0,289 448 224 149 74,6 37,3 14,9
2,90 1 ,450 0,725 0 0,290 444 222 148 74,1 37,0 14,8
2,91 1 ,455 0,727 5 0,291 441 221 147 73,6 36,8 14,7
2,92 1 ,460 0,730 0 0,292 438 219 146 73,0 36,5 14,6
2,93 1,465 0,732 5 0,293 435 218 145 72,5 36,3 14,5
2,94 1,470 0,735 0 0,294 432 216 144 72,0 36,0 14,4
2,95 1,475 0,737 5 0,295 429 215 143 71,5 35,8 14,3
2,96 1,480 0,740 0 0,296 426 213 142 71,0 35,5 14,2
2,97 1 ,485 0,742 5 0,297 423 212 141 70,5 35,3 14,1
2,98 1 ,490 0,745 0 0,298 420 210 140 70,1 35,0 14,0
2,99 1,495 0,747 5 0,299 417 209 139 69,6 34,8 13,9
3,00 1,500 0,750 0 0,300 415 207 138 69,1 34,6 13,8
3,01 1,505 0,752 5 0,301 412 206 137 68,6 34,3 13,7
3,02 1,510 0,755 0 0,302 409 205 136 68,2 34,1 13,6
3,03 1,515 0,757 5 0,303 406 203 135 67,7 33,9 13,5
3,04 1,520 0,760 0 0,304 404 202 135 67,3 33,6 13,5
3,05 1,525 0,762 5 0,305 401 200 134 66,8 33,4 13,4
3,06 1,530 0,765 0 0,306 398 199 133 66,4 33,2 13,3
3,07 1,535 0,767 5 0,307 395 198 132 65,9 33,0 13,2
3,08 1,540 0,770 0 0,308 393 196 131 65,5 32,7 13,1
3,09 1,545 0,772 5 0,309 390 195 130 65,0 32,5 13,0
3,10 1,550 0,775 0 0,310 388 194 129 64,6 32,3 12,9
3,11 1,555 0,7775 0,311 385 193 128 64,2 32,1 12,8
3,12 1,560 0,780 0 0,312 383 191 128 63,8 31,9 12,8
3,13 1,565 0,782 5 0,313 380 190 127 63,3 31,7 12,7
3,14 1,570 0,787 0 0,314 378 189 126 62,9 31,5 12,6
3,15 1,575 0,787 5 0,315 375 188 125 62,5 31,3 12,5
3,16 1,580 0,790 0 0,316 373 186 124 62,1 31,1 12,4
3,17 1,585 0,792 5 0,317 370 185 123 61,7 30,9 12,3
3,18 1,590 0,795 0 0,318 368 184 123 61,3 30,7 12,3
3,19 1,595 0,797 5 0,319 366 183 122 60,9 30,5 12,2
3,20 1,600 0,800 0 0,320 363 182 121 60,5 30,3 12,1
3,21 1,605 0,802 5 0,321 361 180 120 60,1 30,1 12,0
3,22 1,610 0,805 0 0,322 359 179 120 59,8 29,9 12,0
3,23 1,615 0,807 5 0,323 356 178 119 59,4 29,7 11,9
3,24 1,620 0,810 0 0,324 354 177 118 59,0 29,5 11,8
Page: 106
3,25 1,625 0,812 5 0,325 352 176 117 58,6 29,3 11,7
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
Mean diameter d of the print
(mm)
3,26 1,630 0,815 0 0,326 350 175 117 58,3 29,1 11,7
3,27 1,635 0,817 5 0,327 347 174 116 57,9 29,0 11,6
3,28 1,640 0,820 0 0,328 345 173 115 57,5 28,8 11,5
3,29 1,645 0,822 5 0,329 343 172 114 57,2 28,6 11,4
3,30 1,650 0,825 0 0,330 341 170 114 56,8 28,4 11,4
3,31 1,655 0,827 5 0,331 339 169 113 56,5 28,2 11,3
3,32 1,660 0,830 0 0,332 337 168 112 56,1 28,1 11,2
3,33 1,665 0,832 5 0,333 335 167 112 55,8 27,9 11,2
3,34 1,670 0,835 0 0,334 333 166 111 55,4 27,7 11,1
3,35 1,675 0,837 5 0,335 331 165 110 55,1 27,5 11,0
3,36 1,680 0,840 0 0,336 329 164 110 54,8 27,4 11,0
3,37 1,685 0,842 5 0,337 326 163 109 54,4 27,2 10,9
3,38 1,690 0,845 0 0,338 325 162 108 54,1 27,0 10,8
3,39 1,695 0,847 5 0,339 323 161 108 53,8 26,9 10,8
3,40 1,700 0,850 0 0,340 321 160 107 53,4 26,7 10,7
3,41 1,705 0,852 5 0,341 319 159 106 53,1 26,6 10,6
3,42 1,710 0,855 0 0,342 317 158 106 52,8 26,4 10,6
3,43 1,715 0,857 5 0,343 315 157 105 52,5 26,2 10,5
3,44 1,720 0,860 0 0,344 313 156 104 52,2 26,1 10,4
3,45 1,725 0,862 5 0,345 311 156 104 51,8 25,9 10,4
3,46 1,730 0,865 0 0,346 309 155 103 51,5 25,8 10,3
3,47 1,735 0,867 5 0,347 307 154 102 51,2 25,6 10,2
3,48 1,740 0,870 0 0,348 306 153 102 50,9 25,5 10,2
3,49 1,745 0,872 5 0,349 304 152 101 50,6 25,3 10,1
3,50 1,750 0,875 0 0,350 302. 151 101 50,3 25,2 10,1
3,51 1,755 0,877 5 0,351 300 150 100 50,0 25,0 10,0
3,52 1,760 0,880 0 0,352 298 149 99,5 49,7 24,9 9,95
3,53 1,765 0,882 5 0,353 297 148 98,9 49,4 24,7 9,89
3,54 1,770 0,885 0 0,354 295 147 98,3 49,2 24,6 9,83
3,55 1,775 0,887 5 0,355 293 147 97,7 48,9 24,4 9,77
3,56 1,780 0,890 0 0,356 292 146 97,2 48,6 24,3 9,72
3,57 1,785 0,892 5 0,357 290 145 96,6 48,3 24,2 9,66
3,58 1,790 0,895 0 0,358 288 144 96,1 48,0 24,0 9,61
3,59 1,795 0,897 5 0,359 286 143 95,5 47,7 23,9 9,55
3,60 1,800 0,900 0 0,360 285 142 95,0 47,5 23,7 9,50
3,61 1,805 0,902 5 0,361 283 142 94,4 47,2 23,6 9,44
3,62 1,810 0,905 0 0,362 282 141 93,9 46,9 23,5 9,39
3,63 1,815 0,907 5 0,363 280 140 93,3 46,7 23,3 9,33
3,64 1,820 0,910 0 0,364 278 139 92,8 46,4 23,2 9,28
3,65 1,825 0,912 5 0,365 277 138 92,3 46,1 23,1 9,23
3,66 1,830 0,915 0 0,366 275 138 91,8 45,9 22,9 9,18
3,67 1,835 0,917 5 0,367 274 137 91,2 45,6 22,8 9,12
3,68 1,840 0,920 0 0,368 272 136 90,7 45,4 22,7 9,07
3,69 1,845 0,922 5 0,369 271 135 90,2 45,1 22,6 9,02
3,70 1,850 0,925 0 0,370 269 135 89,7 44,9 22,4 8,97
3,71 1,855 0,927 5 0,371 268 134 89,2 44,6 22,3 8,92
3,72 1,860 0,930 0 0,372 266 133 88,7 44,4 22,2 8,87
3,73 1,865 0,932 5 0,373 265 132 88,2 44,1 22,1 8,82
3,74 1,870 0,935 0 0,374 263 132 87,7 43,9 21,9 8,77
3,75 1,875 0,937 5 0,375 262 131 87,2 43,6 21,8 8,72
Page: 107
3,76 1,880 0,940 0 0,376 260 130 86,8 43,4 21,7 8,68
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
(mm)
3,77 1,885 0,942 5 0,377 259 129 86,3 43,1 21,6 8,63
3,78 1,890 0,945 0 0,378 257 129 85,8 42,9 21,5 8,58
3,79 1,895 0,947 5 0,379 256 128 85,3 42,7 21,3 8,53
3,80 1,900 0,950 0 0,380 255 127 84,9 42,4 21,2 8,49
3,81 1,905 0,952 5 0,381 253 127 84,4 42,2 21,1 8,44
3,82 1,910 0,955 0 0,382 252 126 83,9 42,0 21,0 8,39
3,83 1,915 0,957 5 0,383 250 125 83,5 41,7 20,9 8,35
3,84 1,920 0,960 0 0,384 249 125 83,0 41,5 20,8 8,30
3,85 1,925 0,962 5 0,385 248 124 82,6 41,3 20,6 8,26
3,86 1,930 0,965 0 0,386 246 123 82,1 41,1 20,5 8,21
3,87 1,935 0,967 5 0,387 245 123 81,7 40,9 20,4 8,17
3,88 1,940 0,970 0 0,388 244 122 81,3 40,6 20,3 8,13
3,89 1,945 0,972 5 0,389 242 121 80,8 40,4 20,2 8,08
3,90 1,950 0,975 0 0,390 241 121 80,4 40,2 20,1 8,04
3,91 1,955 0,977 5 0,391 240 120 80,0 40,0 20,0 8,00
3,92 1,960 0,980 0 0,392 239 119 79,5 39,8 19,9 7,95
3,93 1,965 0,982 5 0,393 237 119 79,1 39,6 19,8 7,91
3,94 1,970 0,985 0 0,394 236 118 78,7 39,4 19,7 7,87
3,95 1,975 0,987 5 0,395 235 117 78,3 39,1 19,6 7,83
3,96 1,980 0,990 0 0,396 234 117 77,9 38,9 19,5 7,79
3,97 1,985 0,992 5 0,397 232 116 77,5 38,7 19,4 7,75
3,98 1,990 0,995 0 0,398 231 116 77,1 38,5 19,3 7,71
3,99 1,995 0,997 5 0,399 230 115 76,7 38,3 19,2 7,67
4,00 2,000 1,000 0 0,400 229 114 76,3 38,1 19,1 7,63
4,01 2,005 1,002 5 0,401 228 114 75,9 37,9 19,0 7,59
4,02 2,010 1,005 0 0,402 226 113 75,5 37,7 18,9 7,55
4,03 2,015 1,007 5 0,403 225 113 75,1 37,5 18,8 7,51
4,04 2,020 1,010 0 0,404 224 112 74,7 37,3 18,7 7,47
4,05 2,025 1,012 5 0,405 223 111 74,3 37,1 18,6 7,43
4,06 2,030 1,015 0 0,406 222 111 73,9 37,0 18,5 7,39
4,07 2,035 1,017 5 0,407 221 110 73,5 36,8 18,4 7,35
4,08 2,040 1,020 0 0,408 219 110 73,2 36,6 18,3 7,32
4,09 2,045 1,022 5 0,409 218 109 72,8 36,4 18,2 7,28
4,10 2,050 1,025 0 0,410 217 109 72,4 36,2 18,1 7,24
4,11 2,055 1,027 5 0,411 216 108 72,0 36,0 18,0 7,20
4,12 2,060 1 ,030 0 0,412 215 108 71,7 35,8 17,9 7,17
4,13 2,065 1,032 5 0,413 214 107 71,3 35,7 17,8 7,13
4,14 2,070 1,035 0 0,414 213 106 71,0 35,5 17,7 7,10
4,15 2,075 1,037 5 0,415 212 106 70,6 35,3 17,6 7,06
4,16 2,080 1,040 0 0,416 211 105 70,2 35,1 17,6 7,02
4,17 2,085 1,042 5 0,417 210 105 69,9 34,9 17,5 6,99
4,18 2,090 1,045 0 0,418 209 104 69,5 34,8 17,4 6,95
4,19 2,095 1,047 5 0,419 208 104 69,2 34,6 17,3 6,92
4,20 2,100 1,050 0 0,420 207 103 68,8 34,4 17,2 6,88
4,21 2,105 1,052 5 0,421 205 103 68,5 34,2 17,1 6,85
4,22 2,110 1,055 0 0,422 204 102 68,2 34,1 17,0 6,82
4,23 2,115 1,057 5 0,423 203 102 67,8 33,9 17,0 6,78
4,24 2,120 1,060 0 0,424 202 101 67,5 33,7 16,9 6,75
4,25 2,125 1,062 5 0,425 201 101 67,1 33,6 16,8 6,71
4,26 2,130 1,065 0 0,426 200 100 66,8 33,4 16,7 6,68
Page: 108
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
(mm)
4,27 2,135 1,067 5 0,427 199 99,7 66,5 33,2 16,6 6,65
4,28 2,140 1,070 0 0,428 198 99,2 66,2 33,1 16,5 6,62
4,29 2,145 1,072 5 0,429 198 98,8 65,8 32,9 16,5 6,58
4,30 2,150 1,075 0 0,430 197 98,3 65,5 32,8 16,4 6,55
4,31 2,155 1,077 5 0,431 196 97,8 65,2 32,6 16,3 6,52
4,32 2,160 1,080 0 0,432 195 97,3 64,9 32,4 16,2 6,49
4,33 2,165 1,082 5 0,433 194 96,8 64,6 32,3 16,1 6,46
4,34 2,170 1,085 0 0,434 193 96,4 64,2 32,1 16,1 6,42
4,35 2,175 1,087 5 0,435 192 95,9 63,9 32,0 16,0 6,39
4,36 2,180 1,090 0 0,436 191 95,4 63,6 31,8 15,9 6,36
4,37 2,185 1,092 5 0,437 190 95,0 63,3 31,7 15,8 6,33
4,38 2,190 1,095 0 0,438 189 94,5 63,0 31,5 15,8 6,30
4,39 2,195 1,097 5 0,439 188 94,1 62,7 31,4 15,7 6,27
4,40 2,200 1,100 0 0,440 187 93,6 62,4 31,2 15,6 6,24
4,41 2,205 1,102 5 0,441 186 93,2 62,1 31,1 15,5 6,21
4,42 2,210 1,105 0 0,442 185 92,7 61,8 30,9 15,5 6,18
4,43 2,215 1,107 5 0,443 185 92,3 61,5 30,8 15,4 6,15
4,44 2,220 1,110 0 0,444 184 91,8 61,2 30,6 15,3 6,12
4,45 2,225 1,112 5 0,445 183 91,4 60,9 30,5 15,2 6,09
4,46 2,230 1,115 0 0,446 182 91,0 60,6 30,3 15,2 6,06
4,47 2,235 1,117 5 0,447 181 90,5 60,4 30,2 15,1 6,04
4,48 2,240 1,120 0 0,448 180 90,1 60,1 30,0 15,0 6,01
4,49 2,245 1,122 5 0,449 179 89,7 59,8 29,9 14,9 5,98
4,50 2,250 1,125 0 0,450 179 89,3 59,5 29,8 14,9 5,95
4,51 2,255 1,127 5 0,451 178 88,9 59,2 29,6 14,8 5,92
4,52 2,260 1,130 0 0,452 177 88,4 59,0 29,5 14,7 5,90
4,53 2,265 1,132 5 0,453 176 88,0 58,7 29,3 14,7 5,87
4,54 2,270 1,135 0 0,454 175 87,6 58,4 29,2 14,6 5,84
4,55 2,275 1,137 5 0,455 174 87,2 58,1 29,1 14,5 5,81
4,56 2,280 1,140 0 0,456 174 86,8 57,9 28,9 14,5 5,79
4,57 2,285 1,142 5 0,457 173 86,4 57,6 28,8 14,4 5,76
4,58 2,290 1,145 0 0,458 172 86,0 57,3 28,7 14,3 5,73
4,59 2,295 1,147 5 0,459 171 85,6 57,1 28,5 14,3 5,71
4,60 2,300 1,150 0 0,460 170 85,2 56,8 28,4 14,2 5,68
4,61 2,305 1,152 5 0,461 170 84,8 56,5 28,3 14,1 5,65
4,62 2,310 1,155 0 0,462 169. 84,4 56,3 28,1 14,1 5,63
4,63 2,315 1,157 5 0,463 168 84,0 56,0 28,0 14,0 5,60
4,64 2,320 1,160 0 0,464 167 83,6 55,8 27,9 13,9 5,58
4,65 2,325 1,162 5 0,465 167 83,3 55,5 27,8 13,9 5,55
4,66 2,330 1,165 0 0,466 166 82,9 55,3 27,6 13,8 5,53
4,67 2,335 1,167 5 0,467 165 82,5 55,0 27,5 13,8 5,50
4,68 2,340 1,170 0 0,468 164 82,1 54,8 27,4 13,7 5,48
4,69 2,345 1,172 5 0,469 164 81,8 54,5 27,3 13,6 5,45
4,70 2,350 1,175 0 0,470 163 81,4 54,3 27,1 13,6 5,43
4,71 2,355 1,177 5 0,471 162 81,0 54,0 27,0 13,5 5,40
4,72 2,360 1,180 0 0,472 161 80,7 53,8 26,9 13,4 5,38
4,73 2,365 1,182 5 0,473 161 80,3 53,5 26,8 13,4 5,35
4,74 2,370 1,185 0 0,474 160 79,9 53,3 26,6 13,3 5,33
4,75 2,375 1,187 5 0,475 159 79,6 53,0 26,5 13,3 5,30
4,76 2,380 1,190 0 0,476 158 79,2 52,8 26,4 13,2 5,28
4,77 2,385 1,1925 0,477 158 78,9 52,6 26,3 13,1 5,26
Page: 109
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
(mm)
4,78 2,390 1,195 0 0,478 157 78,5 52,3 26,2 13,1 5,23
4,79 2,395 1,197 5 0,479 156 78,2 52,1 26,1 13,0 5,21
4,80 2,400 1,200 0 0,480 156 77,8 51,9 25,9 13,0 5,19
4,81 2,405 1,202 5 0,481 155 77,5 51,6 25,8 12,9 5,16
4,82 2,410 1,205 0 0,482 154 77,1 51,4 25,7 12,9 5,14
4,83 2,415 1,207 5 0,483 154 76,8 51,2 25,6 12,8 5,12
4,84 2,420 1,210 0 0,484 153 76,4 51,0 25,5 12,7 5,10
4,85 2,425 1,212 5 0,485 152 76,1 50,7 25,4 12,7 5,07
4,86 2,430 1,215 0 0.486 152 75,8 50,5 25,3 12,6 5,05
4,87 2,435 1,217 5 0,487 151 75,4 50,3 25,1 12,6 5,03
4,88 2,440 1,220 0 0,488 150 75,1 50,1 25,0 12,5 5,01
4,89 2,445 1,222 5 0,489 150 74,8 49,8 24,9 12,5 4,98
4,90 2,450 1,225 0 0,490 149 74,4 49,6 24,8 12,4 4,96
4,91 2,455 1,227 5 0,491 148 74,1 49,4 24,7 12,4 4,94
4,92 2,460 1,230 0 0,492 148 73,8 49,2 24,6 12,3 4,92
4,93 2,465 1,232 5 0,493 147 73,5 49,0 24,5 12,2 4,90
4,94 2,470 1,235 0 0,494 146 73,2 48,8 24,4 12,2 4,88
4,95 2,475 1,237 5 0,495 146 72,8 48,6 24,3 12,1 4,86
4,96 2,480 1,240 0 0,496 145 72,5 48,3 24,2 12,1 4,83
4,97 2,485 1,242 5 0,497 144 72,2 48,1 24,1 12,0 4,81
4,98 2,490 1,245 0 0,498 144 71,9 47,9 24,0 12,0 4,79
4,99 2,495 1,247 5 0,499 143 71,6 47,7 23,9 11,9 4,77
5,00 2,500 1,250 0 0,500 143 71,3 47,5 23,8 11,9 4,75
5,01 2,505 1,252 5 0,501 142 71,0 47,3 23,7 11,8 4,73
5,02 2,510 1,255 0 0,502 141 70,7 47,1 23,6 11,8 4,71
5,03 2,515 1,257 5 0,503 141 70,4 46,9 23,5 11,7 4,69
5,04 2,520 1,260 0 0,504 140 70,1 46,7 23,4 11,7 4,67
5,05 2,525 1,262 5 0,505 140 69,8 46,5 23,3 11,6 .4,65
5,06 2,530 1,265 0 0,506 139 69,5 46,3 23,2 11,6 4,63
5,07 2,535 1,267 5 0,507 138 69,2 46,1 23,1 11,5 4,61
5,08 2,540 1,270 0 0,508 138 68,9 45,9 23,0 11,5 4,59
5,09 2,545 1,272 5 0,509 137 68,6 45,7 22,9 11,4 4,57
5,10 2,550 1,275 0 0,510 137 68,3 45,5 22,8 11,4 4,55
5,11 2,555 1,277 5 0,511 136 68,0 45,3 22,7 11,3 4,53
5,12 2,560 1,280 0 0,512 135 67,7 45,1 22,6 11,3 4,51
5,13 2,565 1,282 5 0,513 135 67,4 45,0 22,5 11,2 4,50
5,14 2,570 1,285 0 0,514 134 67,1 44,8 22,4 11,2 4,48
5,15 2,575 1,287 5 0,515 134 66,9 44,6 22,3 11,1 4,46
5,16 2,580 1,290 0 0,516 133 66,6 44,4 22,2 11,1 4,44
5,17 2,585 1,292 5 0,517 133 66,3 44,2 22,1 11,1 4,42
5,18 2,590 1,295 0 0,518 132 66,0 44,0 22,0 11,0 4,40
5,19 2,595 1,297 5 0,519 132 65,8 43,8 21,9 11,0 4,38
5,20 2,600 1,300 0 0,520 131 65,5 43,7 21,8 10,9 4,37
5,21 2,605 1,302 5 0,521 130 65,2 43,5 21,7 10,9 4,35
5,22 2,610 1,305 0 0,522 130 64,9 43,3 21,6 10,8 4,33
5,23 2,615 1,307 5 0,523 129 64,7 43,1 21,6 10,8 4,31
5,24 2,620 1,310 0 0,524 129 64,4 42,9 21,5 10,7 4,29
5,25 2,625 1,312 5 0,525 128 64,1 42,8 21,4 10,7 4,28
5,26 2,630 1,315 0 0,526 128 63,9 42,6 21,3 10,6 4,26
5,27 2,635 1,317 5 0,527 127 63,6 42,4 21,2 10,6 4,24
Page: 110
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
(mm)
5,28 2,640 1,320 0 0,528 127 63,3 42,2 21,1 10,6 4,22
5,29 2,645 1,322 5 0,529 126 63,1 42,1 21,0 10,5 4,21
5,30 2,650 1,325 0 0,530 126 62,8 41,9 20,9 10,5 4,19
5,31 2,655 1,327 5 0,531 125 62,6 41,7 20,9 10,4 4,17
5,32 2,660 1,330 0 0,532 125 62,3 41,5 20,8 10,4 4,15
5,33 2,665 1,332 5 0,533 124 62,1 41,4 20,7 10,3 4,14
5,34 2,670 1,335 0 0,534 124 61,8 41,2 20,6 10,3 4,12
5,35 2,675 1,337 5 0,535 123 61,5 41,0 20,5 10,3 4,10
5,36 2,680 1,340 0 0,536 123 61,3 40,9 20,4 10,2 4,09
5,37 2,685 1,342 5 0,537 122 61,0 40,7 20,3 10,2 4,07
5,38 2,690 1,345 0 0,538 122 60,8 40,5 20,3 10,1 4,05
5,39 2,695 1,347 5 0,539 121 60,6 40,4 20,2 10,1 4,04
5,40 2,700 1,350 0 0,540 121 60,3 40,2 20,1 10,1 4,02
5,41 2,705 1,352 5 0,541 120 60,1 40,0 20,0 10,0 4,00
5,42 2,710 1,355 0 0,542 120 59,8 39,9 19,9 9,97 3,99
5,43 2,715 1,357 5 0,543 119 59,6 39,7 19,9 9,93 3,97
5,44 2,720 1,360 0 0,544 119 59,3 39,6 19,8 9,89 3,96
5,45 2,725 1,362 5 0,545 118 59,1 39,4 19,7 9,85 3,94
5,46 2,730 1,365 0 0,546 118 58,9 39,2 19,6 9,81 3,92
5,47 2,735 1,367 5 0,547 117 58,6 39,1 19,5 9,77 3,91
5,48 2,740 1,370 0 0,548 117 58,4 38,9 19,5 9,73 3,89
5,49 2,745 1,372 5 0,549 116 58,2 38,8 19,4 9,69 3,88
5,50 2,750 1,375 0 0,550 116 57,9 38,6 19,3 9,66 3,86
5,51 2,755 1,377 5 0,551 115 57,7 38,5 19,2 9,62 3,85
5,52 2,760 1,380 0 0,552 115 57,5 38,3 19,2 9,58 3,83
5,53 2,765 1,382 5 0,553 114 57,2 38,2 19,1 9,54 3,82
5,54 2,770 1,385 0 0,554 114 57,0 38,0 19,0 9,50 3,80
5,55 2,775 1,387 5 0,555 114 56,8 37,9 18,9 9,47 3,79
5,56 2,780 1,390 0 0,556 113 56,6 37,7 18,9 9,43 3,77
5,57 2,785 1,392 5 0,557 113 56,3 37,6 18,8 9,39 3,76
5,58 2,790 1,395 0 0,558 112 56,1 37,4 18,7 9,35 3,74
5,59 2,795 1,397 5 0,559 112 55,9 37,3 18,6 9,32 3,73
5,60 2,800 1,400 0 0,560 111 55,7 37,1 18,6 9,28 3,71
5,61 2,805 1,402 5 0,561 111 55,5 37,0 18,5 9,24 3,70
5,62 2,810 1,405 0 0,562 110 55,2 36,8 18,4 9,21 3,68
5,63 2,815 1,407 5 0,563 110 55,0 36,7 18,3 9,17 3,67
5,64 2,820 1,410 0 0,564 110 54,8 36,5 18,3 9,14 3,65
5,65 2,825 1,412 5 0,565 109 54,6 36,4 18,2 9,10 3,64
5,66 2,830 1,415 0 0,566 109 54,4 36,3 18,1 9,06 3,63
5,67 2,835 1,417 5 0,567 108 54,2 36,1 18,1 9,03 3,61
5,68 2,840 1,420 0 0,568 108 54,0 36,0 18,0 8,99 3,60
5,69 2,845 1,422 5 0,569 107 53,7 35,8 17,9 8,96 3,58
5,70 2,850 1,425 0 0,570 107 53,5 35,7 17,8 8,92 3,57
5,71 2,855 1,427 5 0,571 107 53,3 35,6 17,8 8,89 3,56
5,72 2,860 1,430 0 0,572 106 53,1 35,4 17,7 8,85 3,54
5,73 2,865 1,432 5 0,573 106 52,9 35,3 17,6 8,82 3,53
5,74 2,870 1,435 0 0,574 105 52,7 35,1 17,6 8,79 3,51
5,75 2,875 1,437 5 0,575 105 52,5 35,0 17,5 8,75 3,50
5,76 2,880 1,440 0 0,576 105 52,3 34,9 17,4 8,72 3,49
5,77 2,885 1,442 5 0,577 104 52,1 34,7 17,4 8,68 3,47
5,78 2,890 1,445 0 0,578 104 51,9 34,6 17,3 8,65 3,46
Page: 111
0,102 x F D 2
10 5 2,5 1 30 15 10 5 2,5 1
(mm)
5,79 2,895 1,447 5 0,579 103 51,7 34,5 17,2 8,62 3,45
5,80 2,900 1,450 0 0,580 103 51,5 34,3 17,2 8,59 3,43
5,81 2,905 1,452 5 0,581 103 51,3 34,2 17,1 8,55 3,42
5,82 2,910 1,455 0 0,582 102 51,1 34,1 17,0 8,52 3,41
5,83 2,915 1,457 5 0,583 102 50,9 33,9 17,0 8,49 3,39
5,84 2,920 1,460 0 0,584 101 50,7 33,8 16,9 8,45 3,38
5,85 2,925 1,462 5 0,585 101 50,5 33,7 16,8 8,42 3,37
5,86 2,930 1,465 0 0,586 101 50,3 33,6 16,8 8,39 3,36
5,87 2,935 1,467 5 0,587 100 50,2 33,4 16,7 8,36 3,34
5,88 2,940 1,470 0 0,588 99,9 50,0 33,3 16,7 8,33 3,33
5,89 2,945 1,472 5 0,589 99,5 49,8 33,2 16,6 8,30 3,32
5,90 2,950 1,475 0 0,590 99,2 49,6 33,1 16,5 8,26 3,31
5,91 2,955 1,477 5 0,591 98,8 49,4 32,9 16,5 8,23 3,29
5,92 2,960 1,480 0 0,592 98,4 49,2 32,8 16,4 8,20 3,28
5,93 2,965 1,482 5 0,593 98,0 49,0 32,7 16,3 8,17 3,27
5,94 2,970 1,485 0 0,594 97,7 48,8 32,6 16,3 8,14 3,26
5,95 2,975 1,487 5 0,595 97,3 48,7 32,4 16,2 8,11 3,24
5,96 2,980 1,490 0 0,596 96,9 48,5 32,3 16,2 8,08 3,23
5,97 2,985 1,492 5 0,597 96,6 48,3 32,2 16,1 8,05 3,22
5,98 2,990 1,495 0 0,298 96,2 48,1 32,1 16,0 8,02 3,21
5,99 2,995 1,497 5 0,599 95,9 47,9 32,0 16,0 7,99 3,20
6,00 3,000 1,500 0 0,600 95,5 47,7 31,8 15,9 7,96 3,18
Page: 112
SHEDULE OF VICKERS HARDNESS VALUES TO USE FOR TESTS CARRIED OUT
ON FLAT SURFACES
Arithmeti Test load F[N] | Range from HV0,2 to HV3
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
prints Vickers Hardness
d (mm) HV0,2 HV0,3 HV0,5 HV1 HV2 HV2.5 HV3
0.0120 2575 - - - - - -
0.0122 2491 - - - - - -
0.0124 2412 - - - - - -
0.0126 2336 - - - - - -
0.0128 2263 - - - - - -
0.0130 2194 - - - - - -
0.0132 2128 - - - - - -
0.0134 2065 - - - - - -
0.0136 2005 - - - - - -
0.0138 1947 2921 - - - - -
0.0140 1892 2838 - - - - -
0.0142 1839 2759 - - - - -
0.0144 1788 2683 - - - - -
0.0146 1740 2610 - - - - -
0.0148 1693 2540 - - - - -
0.0150 1648 2473 - - - - -
0.0152 1605 2408 - - - - -
0.0154 1564 2346 - - - - -
0.0156 1524 2286 - - - - -
0.0158 1485 2229 - - - - -
0.0160 1449 2173 - - - - -
0.0162 1413 2120 - - - - -
0.0164 1379 2068 - - - - -
0.0166 1346 2019 - - - - -
0.0168 1314 1971 - - - - -
0.0170 1283 1925 - - - - -
0.0172 1253 1881 - - - - -
0.0174 1225 1838 - - - - -
0.0176 1197 1796 2993 - - - -
0.0178 1170 1756 2926 - - - -
0.0180 1145 1717 2862 - - - -
0.0182 1120 1680 2799 - - - -
0.0184 1095 1643 2739 - - - -
0.0186 1072 1608 2680 - - - -
0.0188 1049 1574 2623 - - - -
0.0190 1027 1541 2568 - - - -
0.0192 1006 1509 2515 - - - -
0.0194 985 1478 2463 - - - -
0.0196 965 1448 2413 - - - -
0.0198 946 1419 2365 - - - -
0.0200 927 1391 2318 - - - -
0.0202 909 1363 2272 - - - -
0.0204 891 1337 2228 - - - -
Page: 113
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0206 874 1311 2185 - - - -

0.0208 857 1286 2143 - - - -
0.0210 841 1262 2102 - - - -
0.0212 825 1238 2063 - - - -
0.0214 810 1215 2025 - - - -
0.0216 795 1192 1987 - - - -
0.0218 780 1171 1951 - - - -
0.0220 766 1149 1916 - - - -
0.0222 752 1129 1881 - - - -
0.0224 739 1109 1848 - - - -
0.0226 726 1089 1815 - - - -
0.0228 713 1070 1784 - - - -
0.0230 701 1052 1753 - - - -
0.0232 689 1034 1723 - - - -
0.0234 677 1016 1693 - - - -
0.0236 666 999 1665 - - - -
0.0238 655 982 1637 - - - -
0.0240 644 966 1610 - - - -
0.0242 633 950 1583 - - - -
0.0244 623 934 1557 - - - -
0.0246 613 919 1532 - - - -
0.0248 603 905 1507 - - - -
0.0250 593 890 1483 2967 - - -
0.0252 584 876 1460 2920 - - -
0.0254 575 862 1437 2874 - - -
0.0256 566 849 1415 2830 - - -
0.0258 557 836 1393 2786 - - -
0.0260 549 823 1372 2743 - - -
0.0262 540 810 1351 2702 - - -
0.0264 532 798 1330 2661 - - -
0.0266 524 786 1310 2621 - - -
0.0268 516 775 1291 2582 - - -
0.0270 509 763 1272 2544 - - -
0.0272 501 752 1253 2507 - - -
0.0274 494 741 1235 2470 - - -
0.0276 487 730 1217 2434 - - -
0.0278 480 720 1200 2400 - - -
0.0280 473 710 1183 2365 - - -
0.0282 466 700 1166 2332 - - -
0.0284 460 690 1150 2299 - - -
0.0286 453 680 1133 2267 - - -
0.0288 447 671 1118 2236 - - -
Page: 114
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0290 441 662 1102 2205 - - -

0.0292 435 652 1087 2175 - - -
0.0294 429 644 1073 2146 - - -
0.0296 423 635 1058 2117 - - -
0.0298 418 626 1044 2088 - - -
0.0300 412 618 1030 2061 - - -
0.0302 407 610 1017 2033 - - -
0.0304 401 602 1003 2007 - - -
0.0306 396 594 990 1981 - - -
0.0308 391 586 977 1955 - - -
0.0310 386 579 965 1930 - - -
0.0312 381 572 952 1905 - - -
0.0314 376 564 940 1881 - - -
0.0316 371 557 928 1857 - - -
0.0318 367 550 917 1834 - - -
0.0320 362 543 905 1811 - - -
0.0322 358 537 894 1789 - - -
0.0324 353 530 883 1767 - - -
0.0326 349 523 872 1745 - - -
0.0328 345 517 862 1724 - - -
0.0330 341 511 851 1703 - - -
0.0332 336 505 841 1682 - - -
0.0334 332 499 831 1662 - - -
0.0336 328 493 821 1643 - - -
0.0338 325 487 812 1623 - - -
0.0340 321 481 802 1604 - - -
0.0342 317 476 793 1586 - - -
0.0344 313 470 783 1567 - - -
0.0346 310 465 774 1549 - - -
0.0348 306 459 766 1531 - - -
0.0350 303 454 757 1514 - - -
0.0352 299 449 748 1497 2993 - -
0.0354 296 444 740 1480 2959 - -
0.0356 293 439 732 1463 2926 - -
0.0358 289 434 723 1447 2893 - -
0.0360 286 429 715 1431 2861 - -
0.0362 283 425 708 1415 2830 - -
0.0364 280 420 700 1400 2799 - -
0.0366 277 415 692 1384 2768 - -
0.0368 274 411 685 1369 2738 - -
0.0370 271 406 677 1355 2709 - -
0.0372 268 402 670 1340 2680 - -
Page: 115
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0374 265 398 663 1326 2651 - -

0.0376 262 394 656 1312 2623 - -
0.0378 260 389 649 1298 2595 - -
0.0380 257 385 642 1284 2568 - -
0.0382 254 381 635 1271 2541 - -
0.0384 251 377 629 1258 2515 - -
0.0386 249 373 622 1245 2489 - -
0.0388 246 370 616 1232 2463 - -
0.0390 244 366 610 1219 2438 - -
0.0392 241 362 603 1207 2413 - -
0.0394 239 358 597 1195 2389 2987 -
0.0396 236 355 591 1183 2365 2957 -
0.0398 234 351 585 1171 2341 2927 -
0.0400 232 348 579 1159 2318 2898 -
0.0402 229 344 574 1148 2295 2869 -
0.0404 227 341 568 1136 2272 2841 -
0.0406 225 338 562 1125 2250 2813 -
0.0408 223 334 557 1114 2228 2785 -
0.0410 221 331 552 1103 2206 2758 -
0.0412 218 328 546 1093 2185 2732 -
0.0414 216 325 541 1082 2164 2705 -
0.0416 214 321 536 1072 2143 2679 -
0.0418 212 318 531 1061 2122 2654 -
0.0420 210 315 526 1051 2102 2629 -
0.0422 208 312 521 1041 2082 2604 -
0.0424 206 309 516 1032 2063 2579 -
0.0426 204 307 511 1022 2043 2555 -
0.0428 202 304 506 1012 2024 2531 -
0.0430 201 301 501 1003 2006 2508 -
0.0432 199 298 497 994 1987 2485 2981
0.0434 197 295 492 985 1969 2462 2954
0.0436 195 293 488 976 1951 2439 2927
0.0438 193 290 483 967 1933 2417 2900
0.0440 192 287 479 958 1915 2395 2874
0.0442 190 285 475 949 1898 2373 2848
0.0444 188 282 470 941 1881 2352 2822
0.0446 186 280 466 932 1864 2331 2797
0.0448 185 277 462 924 1848 2310 2772
0.0450 183 275 458 916 1831 2290 2747
0.0452 182 272 454 908 1815 2270 2723
0.0454 180 270 450 900 1799 2250 2699
0.0456 178 268 446 892 1783 2230 2675
Page: 116
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0458 177 265 442 884 1768 2210 2652

0.0460 175 263 438 876 1752 2191 2629
0.0462 174 261 434 869 1737 2172 2606
0.0464 172 258 431 861 1722 2154 2584
0.0466 171 256 427 854 1708 2135 2562
0.0468 169 254 423 847 1693 2117 2540
0.0470 168 252 420 840 1679 2099 2518
0.0472 166 250 416 832 1665 2081 2497
0.0474 165 248 413 825 1650 2064 2476
0.0476 164 246 409 818 1637 2046 2455
0.0478 162 243 406 812 1623 2029 2435
0.0480 161 241 402 805 1609 2012 2415
0.0482 160 239 399 798 1596 1996 2395
0.0484 158 237 396 792 1583 1979 2375
0.0486 157 236 393 785 1570 1963 2355
0.0488 156 234 389 779 1557 1947 2336
0.0490 154 232 386 772 1544 1931 2317
0.0492 153 230 383 766 1532 1915 2298
0.0494 152 228 380 760 1520 1900 2280
0.0496 151 226 377 754 1507 1885 2261
0.0498 150 224 374 748 1495 1870 2243
0.0500 148 223 371 742 1483 1855 2225
0.0502 147 221 368 736 1472 1840 2208
0.0504 146 219 365 730 1460 1825 2190
0.0506 145 217 362 724 1448 1811 2173
0.0508 144 216 359 719 1437 1797 2156
0.0510 143 214 356 713 1426 1783 2139
0.0512 141 212 354 707 1415 1769 2122
0.0514 140 211 351 702 1404 1755 2106
0.0516 139 209 348 697 1393 1741 2089
0.0518 138 207 346 691 1382 1728 2073
0.0520 137 206 343 686 1371 1715 2057
0.0522 136 204 340 681 1361 1702 2042
0.0524 135 203 338 675 1351 1689 2026
0.0526 134 201 335 670 1340 1676 2011
0.0528 133 200 333 665 1330 1663 1996
0.0530 132 198 330 660 1320 1651 1981
0.0532 131 197 328 655 1310 1638 1966
0.0534 130 195 325 650 1300 1626 1951
0.0536 129 194 323 646 1291 1614 1936
0.0538 128 192 320 641 1281 1602 1922
0.0540 127 191 318 636 1272 1590 1908
Page: 117
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0542 126 189 316 631 1262 1578 1894

0.0544 125 188 313 627 1253 1567 1880
0.0546 124 187 311 622 1244 1555 1866
0.0548 123 185 309 618 1235 1544 1853
0.0550 123 184 306 613 1226 1533 1839
0.0552 122 183 304 609 1217 1522 1826
0.0554 121 181 302 604 1208 1511 1813
0.0556 120 180 300 600 1200 1500 1800
0.0558 119 179 298 596 1191 1489 1787
0.0560 118 177 296 591 1182 1479 1774
0.0562 117 176 294 587 1174 1468 1761
0.0564 117 175 291 583 1166 1458 1749
0.0566 116 174 289 579 1158 1447 1737
0.0568 115 172 287 575 1149 1437 1724
0.0570 114 171 285 571 1141 1427 1712
0.0572 113 170 283 567 1133 1417 1700
0.0574 113 169 281 563 1125 1407 1689
0.0576 112 168 279 559 1118 1398 1677
0.0578 111 167 278 555 1110 1388 1665
0.0580 110 165 276 551 1102 1378 1654
0.0582 109 164 274 547 1095 1369 1642
0.0584 109 163 272 544 1087 1360 1631
0.0586 108 162 270 540 1080 1350 1620
0.0588 107 161 268 536 1073 1341 1609
0.0590 107 160 266 533 1065 1332 1598
0.0592 106 159 265 529 1058 1323 1587
0.0594 105 158 263 526 1051 1314 1577
0.0596 104 157 261 522 1044 1305 1566
0.0598 104 156 259 519 1037 1297 1556
0.0600 103 155 258 515 1030 1288 1545
0.0602 102 154 256 512 1023 1279 1535
0.0604 102 152 254 508 1016 1271 1525
0.0606 101 151 252 505 1010 1263 1515
0.0608 100.3 150 251 502 1003 1254 1505
0.0610 99.7 150 249 498 997 1246 1495
0.0612 99.0 149 248 495 990 1238 1485
0.0614 98.4 148 246 492 984 1230 1476
0.0616 97.7 147 244 489 977 1222 1466
0.0618 97.1 146 243 486 971 1214 1457
0.0620 96.5 145 241 482 965 1206 1447
0.0622 95.8 144 240 479 958 1198 1438
Page: 118
0.0624 95.2 143 238 476 952 1191 1429

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0626 94.6 142 237 473 946 1183 1420

0.0628 94.0 141 235 470 940 1176 1411
0.0630 93.4 140 234 467 934 1168 1402
0.0632 92.8 139 232 464 928 1161 1393
0.0634 92.3 138 231 461 923 1154 1384
0.0636 91.7 138 229 458 917 1146 1375
0.0638 91.1 137 228 456 911 1139 1367
0.0640 90.5 136 226 453 905 1132 1358
0.0642 90.0 135 225 450 900 1125 1350
0.0644 89.4 134 224 447 894 1118 1341
0.0646 88.9 133 222 444 889 1111 1333
0.0648 88.3 132 221 442 883 1104 1325
0.0650 87.8 132 219 439 878 1097 1317
0.0652 87.2 131 218 436 872 1091 1309
0.0654 86.7 130 217 434 867 1084 1301
0.0656 86.2 129 215 431 862 1077 1293
0.0658 85.6 128 214 428 856 1071 1285
0.0660 85.1 128 213 426 851 1064 1277
0.0662 84.6 127 212 423 846 1058 1269
0.0664 84.1 126 210 421 841 1052 1262
0.0666 83.6 125 209 418 836 1045 1254
0.0668 83.1 125 208 416 831 1039 1247
0.0670 82.6 124 207 413 826 1033 1239
0.0672 82.1 123 205 411 821 1027 1232
0.0674 81.6 122 204 408 816 1021 1225
0.0676 81.1 122 203 406 811 1015 1217
0.0678 80.7 121 202 403 807 1009 1210
0.0680 80.2 120 201 401 802 1003 1203
0.0682 79.7 120 199 399 797 997 1196
0.0684 79.3 119 198 396 793 991 1189
0.0686 78.8 118 197 394 788 985 1182
0.0688 78.3 118 196 392 783 980 1175
0.0690 77.9 117 195 390 779 974 1169
0.0692 77.4 116 194 387 774 968 1162
0.0694 77.0 116 193 385 770 963 1155
0.0696 76.6 115 191 383 766 957 1148
0.0698 76.1 114 190 381 761 952 1142
0.0700 75.7 114 189 378 757 946 1135
0.0705 74.6 112 187 373 746 933 1119
0.0710 73.6 110 184 368 736 920 1104
0.0715 72.5 109 181 363 725 907 1088
Page: 119
0.0720 71.5 107 179 358 715 894 1073

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0725 70.5 106 176 353 705 882 1058

0.0730 69.6 104 174 348 696 870 1044
0.0735 68.6 103 172 343 686 858 1030
0.0740 67.7 102 169 339 677 847 1016
0.0745 66.8 100 167 334 668 835 1002
0.0750 65.9 99 165 330 659 824 989
0.0755 65.1 98 163 325 651 813 976
0.0760 64.2 96 161 321 642 803 963
0.0765 63.4 95 158 317 634 792 951
0.0770 62.5 94 156 313 625 782 938
0.0775 61.7 93 154 309 617 772 926
0.0780 61.0 91 152 305 610 762 914
0.0785 60.2 90 150 301 602 752 903
0.0790 59.4 89 149 297 594 743 891
0.0795 58.7 88 147 293 587 734 880
0.0800 57.9 87 145 290 579 724 869
0.0805 57.2 86 143 286 572 716 859
0.0810 56.5 85 141 283 565 707 848
0.0815 55.8 84 140 279 558 698 838
0.0820 55.1 83 138 276 551 690 827
0.0825 54.5 81.7 136 272 545 681 817
0.0830 53.8 80.8 135 269 538 673 808
0.0835 53.2 79.8 133 266 532 665 798
0.0840 52.6 78.8 131 263 526 657 788
0.0845 51.9 77.9 130 260 519 649 779
0.0850 51.3 77.0 128 257 513 642 770
0.0855 50.7 76.1 127 254 507 634 761
0.0860 50.1 75.2 125 251 501 627 752
0.0865 49.6 74.4 124 248 496 620 744
0.0870 49.0 73.5 122 245 490 613 735
0.0875 48.4 72.7 121 242 484 606 727
0.0880 47.9 71.8 120 239 479 599 718
0.0885 47.3 71.0 118 237 473 592 710
0.0890 46.8 70.2 117 234 468 585 702
0.0895 46.3 69.5 116 232 463 579 695
0.0900 45.8 68.7 114 229 458 572 687
0.0905 45.3 67.9 113 226 453 566 679
0.0910 44.8 67.2 112 224 448 560 672
0.0915 44.3 66.4 111 222 443 554 664
0.0920 43.8 65.7 110 219 438 548 657
0.0925 43.3 65.0 108 217 433 542 650
Page: 120
0.0930 42.9 64.3 107 214 429 536 643

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.0935 42.4 63.6 106 212 424 530 636

0.0940 42.0 63.0 105 210 420 525 630
0.0945 41.5 62.3 104 208 415 519 623
0.0950 41.1 61.6 103 205 411 514 616
0.0955 40.7 61.0 102 203 407 508 610
0.0960 40.2 60.4 101 201 402 503 604
0.0965 39.8 59.7 99.6 199 398 498 597
0.0970 39.4 59.1 98.5 197 394 493 591
0.0975 39.0 58.5 97.5 195 390 488 585
0.0980 38.6 57.9 96.5 193 386 483 579
0.0985 38.2 57.3 95.6 191 382 478 573
0.0990 37.8 56.8 94.6 189 378 473 568
0.0995 37.5 56.2 93.6 187 375 468 562
0.1000 37.1 55.6 92.7 185 371 464 556
0.101 36.4 54.5 90.9 182 364 455 545
0.102 35.6 53.5 89.1 178 356 446 535
0.103 35.0 52.4 87.4 175 350 437 524
0.104 34.3 51.4 85.7 171 343 429 514
0.105 33.6 50.5 84.1 168 336 421 505
0.106 33.0 49.5 82.5 165 330 413 495
0.107 32.4 48.6 81.0 162 324 405 486
0.108 31.8 47.7 79.5 159 318 398 477
0.109 31.2 46.8 78.0 156 312 390 468
0.110 30.6 46.0 76.6 153 306 383 460
0.111 30.1 45.2 75.3 151 301 376 452
0.112 29.6 44.4 73.9 148 296 370 444
0.113 29.0 43.6 72.6 145 290 363 436
0.114 28.5 42.8 71.3 143 285 357 428
0.115 28.0 42.1 70.1 140 280 351 421
0.116 27.6 41.3 68.9 138 276 345 413
0.117 27.1 40.6 67.7 135 271 339 406
0.118 26.6 40.0 66.6 133 266 333 400
0.119 26.2 39.3 65.5 131 262 327 393
0.120 25.8 38.6 64.4 129 258 322 386
0.121 25.3 38.0 63.3 127 253 317 380
0.122 24.9 37.4 62.3 125 249 312 374
0.123 24.5 36.8 61.3 123 245 306 368
0.124 24.1 36.2 60.3 121 241 302 362
0.125 23.7 35.6 59.3 119 237 297 356
0.126 23.4 35.0 58.4 117 234 292 350
0.127 23.0 34.5 57.5 115 230 287 345
Page: 121
0.128 22.6 34.0 56.6 113 226 283 340

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.129 22.3 33.4 55.7 111 223 279 334

0.130 21.9 32.9 54.9 110 219 274 329
0.131 21.6 32.4 54.0 108 216 270 324
0.132 21.3 31.9 53.2 106 213 266 319
0.133 21.0 31.5 52.4 105 210 262 315
0.134 20.7 31.0 51.6 103 207 258 310
0.135 20.3 30.5 50.9 102 203 254 305
0.136 20.0 30.1 50.1 100 200 251 301
0.137 19.8 29.6 49.4 98.8 198 247 296
0.138 19.5 29.2 48.7 97.4 195 243 292
0.139 19.2 28.8 48.0 96.0 192 240 288
0.140 18.9 28.4 47.3 94.6 189 237 284
0.141 18.7 28.0 46.6 93.3 187 233 280
0.142 18.4 27.6 46.0 92.0 184 230 276
0.143 18.1 27.2 45.3 90.7 181 227 272
0.144 17.9 26.8 44.7 89.4 179 224 268
0.145 17.6 26.5 44.1 88.2 176 221 265
0.146 17.4 26.1 43.5 87.0 174 218 261
0.147 17.2 25.7 42.9 85.8 172 215 257
0.148 16.9 25.4 42.3 84.7 169 212 254
0.149 16.7 25.1 41.8 83.5 167 209 251
0.150 16.5 24.7 41.2 82.4 165 206 247
0.151 16.3 24.4 40.7 81.3 163 203 244
0.152 16.1 24.1 40.1 80.3 161 201 241
0.153 15.8 23.8 39.6 79.2 158 198 238
0.154 15.6 23.5 39.1 78.2 156 196 235
0.155 15.4 23.2 38.6 77.2 154 193 232
0.156 15.2 22.9 38.1 76.2 152 191 229
0.157 15.0 22.6 37.6 75.2 150 188 226
0.158 14.9 22.3 37.1 74.3 149 186 223
0.159 14.7 22.0 36.7 73.4 147 183 220
0.160 14.5 21.7 36.2 72.4 145 181 217
0.161 14.3 21.5 35.8 71.5 143 179 215
0.162 14.1 21.2 35.3 70.7 141 177 212
0.163 14.0 20.9 34.9 69.8 140 175 209
0.164 13.8 20.7 34.5 69.0 138 172 207
0.165 13.6 20.4 34.1 68.1 136 170 204
0.166 13.5 20.2 33.6 67.3 135 168 202
0.167 13.3 19.9 33.2 66.5 133 166 199
0.168 13.1 19.7 32.8 65.7 131 164 197
0.169 13.0 19.5 32.5 64.9 130 162 195
Page: 122
0.170 12.8 19.3 32.1 64.2 128 160 193

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.171 12.7 19.0 31.7 63.4 127 159 190

0.172 12.5 18.8 31.3 62.7 125 157 188
0.173 12.4 18.6 31.0 62.0 124 155 186
0.174 12.2 18.4 30.6 61.3 122 153 184
0.175 12.1 18.2 30.3 60.6 121 151 182
0.176 12.0 18.0 29.9 59.9 120 150 180
0.177 11.8 17.8 29.6 59.2 118 148 178
0.178 11.7 17.6 29.3 58.5 117 146 176
0.179 11.6 17.4 28.9 57.9 116 145 174
0.180 11.4 17.2 28.6 57.2 114 143 172
0.181 11.3 17.0 28.3 56.6 113 142 170
0.182 11.2 16.8 28.0 56.0 112 140 168
0.183 11.1 16.6 27.7 55.4 111 138 166
0.184 11.0 16.4 27.4 54.8 110 137 164
0.185 10.8 16.3 27.1 54.2 108 135 163
0.186 10.7 16.1 26.8 53.6 107 134 161
0.187 10.6 15.9 26.5 53.0 106 133 159
0.188 10.5 15.7 26.2 52.5 105 131 157
0.189 10.4 15.6 26.0 51.9 104 130 156
0.190 10.3 15.4 25.7 51.4 103 128 154
0.191 10.2 15.2 25.4 50.8 102 127 152
0.192 10.1 15.1 25.2 50.3 101 126 151
0.193 9.96 14.9 24.9 49.8 99.6 124 149
0.194 9.85 14.8 24.6 49.3 98.5 123 148
0.195 9.75 14.6 24.4 48.8 97.5 122 146
0.196 9.65 14.5 24.1 48.3 96.5 121 145
0.197 9.56 14.3 23.9 47.8 95.6 119 143
0.198 9.46 14.2 23.6 47.3 94.6 118 142
0.199 9.36 14.0 23.4 46.8 93.6 117 140
0.200 9.27 13.9 23.2 46.4 92.7 116 139
0.201 9.18 13.8 22.9 45.9 91.8 115 138
0.202 9.09 13.6 22.7 45.4 90.9 114 136
0.203 9.00 13.5 22.5 45.0 90.0 113 135
0.204 8.91 13.4 22.3 44.6 89.1 111 134
0.205 8.82 13.2 22.1 44.1 88.2 110 132
0.206 8.74 13.1 21.8 43.7 87.4 109 131
0.207 8.65 13.0 21.6 43.3 86.5 108 130
0.208 8.57 12.9 21.4 42.9 85.7 107 129
0.209 8.49 12.7 21.2 42.5 84.9 106 127
0.210 8.41 12.6 21.0 42.1 84.1 105 126
0.211 8.33 12.5 20.8 41.7 83.3 104 125
Page: 123
0.212 8.25 12.4 20.6 41.3 82.5 103 124

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.213 8.17 12.3 20.4 40.9 81.7 102 123

0.214 8.10 12.1 20.2 40.5 81.0 101 121
0.215 8.02 12.0 20.1 40.1 80.2 100 120
0.216 7.95 11.9 19.9 39.7 79.5 99.4 119
0.217 7.87 11.8 19.7 39.4 78.7 98.5 118
0.218 7.80 11.7 19.5 39.0 78.0 97.6 117
0.219 7.73 11.6 19.3 38.7 77.3 96.7 116
0.220 7.66 11.5 19.2 38.3 76.6 95.8 115
0.221 7.59 11.4 19.0 38.0 75.9 94.9 114
0.222 7.52 11.3 18.8 37.6 75.2 94.1 113
0.223 7.46 11.2 18.6 37.3 74.6 93.2 112
0.224 7.39 11.1 18.5 37.0 73.9 92.4 111
0.225 7.32 11.0 18.3 36.6 73.2 91.6 110
0.226 7.26 10.9 18.2 36.3 72.6 90.8 109
0.227 7.20 10.8 18.0 36.0 72.0 90.0 108
0.228 7.13 10.7 17.8 35.7 71.3 89.2 107
0.229 7.07 10.6 17.7 35.4 70.7 88.4 106
0.230 7.01 10.5 17.5 35.1 70.1 87.7 105
0.231 6.95 10.4 17.4 34.8 69.5 86.9 104
0.232 6.89 10.3 17.2 34.5 68.9 86.1 103
0.233 6.83 10.2 17.1 34.2 68.3 85.4 102
0.234 6.77 10.2 16.9 33.9 67.7 84.7 102
0.235 6.71 10.1 16.8 33.6 67.1 84.0 101
0.236 6.66 9.99 16.6 33.3 66.6 83.3 99.9
0.237 6.60 9.90 16.5 33.0 66.0 82.5 99.0
0.238 6.55 9.82 16.4 32.7 65.5 81.9 98.2
0.239 6.49 9.74 16.2 32.5 64.9 81.2 97.4
0.240 6.44 9.66 16.1 32.2 64.4 80.5 96.6
0.241 6.38 9.58 16.0 31.9 63.8 79.8 95.8
0.242 6.33 9.50 15.8 31.7 63.3 79.2 95.0
0.243 6.28 9.42 15.7 31.4 62.8 78.5 94.2
0.244 6.23 9.34 15.6 31.1 62.3 77.9 93.4
0.245 6.18 9.27 15.4 30.9 61.8 77.2 92.7
0.246 6.13 9.19 15.3 30.6 61.3 76.6 91.9
0.247 6.08 9.12 15.2 30.4 60.8 76.0 91.2
0.248 6.03 9.05 15.1 30.2 60.3 75.4 90.5
0.249 5.98 8.97 15.0 29.9 59.8 74.8 89.7
0.250 5.93 8.90 14.8 29.7 59.3 74.2 89.0
0.251 5.89 8.83 14.7 29.4 58.9 73.6 88.3
0.252 5.84 8.76 14.6 29.2 58.4 73.0 87.6
0.253 5.79 8.69 14.5 29.0 57.9 72.4 86.9
Page: 124
0.254 5.75 8.62 14.4 28.7 57.5 71.9 86.2

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.255 5.70 8.56 14.3 28.5 57.0 71.3 85.6

0.256 5.66 8.49 14.1 28.3 56.6 70.8 84.9
0.257 5.61 8.42 14.0 28.1 56.1 70.2 84.2
0.258 5.57 8.36 13.9 27.9 55.7 69.7 83.6
0.259 5.53 8.29 13.8 27.6 55.3 69.1 82.9
0.260 5.49 8.23 13.7 27.4 54.9 68.6 82.3
0.261 5.44 8.17 13.6 27.2 54.4 68.1 81.7
0.262 5.40 8.10 13.5 27.0 54.0 67.5 81.0
0.263 5.36 8.04 13.4 26.8 53.6 67.0 80.4
0.264 5.32 7.98 13.3 26.6 53.2 66.5 79.8
0.265 5.28 7.92 13.2 26.4 52.8 66.0 79.2
0.266 5.24 7.86 13.1 26.2 52.4 65.5 78.6
0.267 5.20 7.80 13.0 26.0 52.0 65.0 78.0
0.268 5.16 7.75 12.9 25.8 51.6 64.6 77.5
0.269 5.12 7.69 12.8 25.6 51.2 64.1 76.9
0.270 5.09 7.63 12.7 25.4 50.9 63.6 76.3
0.271 5.05 7.58 12.6 25.3 50.5 63.1 75.8
0.272 5.01 7.52 12.5 25.1 50.1 62.7 75.2
0.273 4.98 7.46 12.4 24.9 49.8 62.2 74.6
0.274 4.94 7.41 12.3 24.7 49.4 61.8 74.1
0.275 4.90 7.36 12.3 24.5 49.0 61.3 73.6
0.276 - 7.30 12.2 24.3 48.7 60.9 73.0
0.277 - 7.25 12.1 24.2 48.3 60.4 72.5
0.278 - 7.20 12.0 24.0 48.0 60.0 72.0
0.279 - 7.15 11.9 23.8 47.6 59.6 71.5
0.280 - 7.10 11.8 23.7 47.3 59.1 71.0
0.281 - 7.05 11.7 23.5 47.0 58.7 70.5
0.282 - 7.00 11.7 23.3 46.6 58.3 70.0
0.283 - 6.95 11.6 23.2 46.3 57.9 69.5
0.284 - 6.90 11.5 23.0 46.0 57.5 69.0
0.285 - 6.85 11.4 22.8 45.7 57.1 68.5
0.286 - 6.80 11.3 22.7 45.3 56.7 68.0
0.287 - 6.75 11.3 22.5 45.0 56.3 67.5
0.288 - 6.71 11.2 22.4 44.7 55.9 67.1
0.289 - 6.66 11.1 22.2 44.4 55.5 66.6
0.290 - 6.62 11.0 22.1 44.1 55.1 66.2
0.291 - 6.57 10.9 21.9 43.8 54.8 65.7
0.292 - 6.52 10.9 21.8 43.5 54.4 65.2
0.293 - 6.48 10.8 21.6 43.2 54.0 64.8
0.294 - 6.44 10.7 21.5 42.9 53.6 64.4
0.295 - 6.39 10.7 21.3 42.6 53.3 63.9
Page: 125
0.296 - 6.35 10.6 21.2 42.3 52.9 63.5

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.297 - 6.31 10.5 21.0 42.0 52.6 63.1

0.298 - 6.26 10.4 20.9 41.8 52.2 62.6
0.299 - 6.22 10.4 20.7 41.5 51.9 62.2
0.300 - 6.18 10.3 20.6 41.2 51.5 61.8
0.301 - 6.14 10.2 20.5 40.9 51.2 61.4
0.302 - 6.10 10.2 20.3 40.7 50.8 61.0
0.303 - 6.06 10.1 20.2 40.4 50.5 60.6
0.304 - 6.02 10.0 20.1 40.1 50.2 60.2
0.305 - 5.98 10.0 19.9 39.9 49.8 59.8
0.306 - 5.94 9.9 19.8 39.6 49.5 59.4
0.307 - 5.90 9.8 19.7 39.3 49.2 59.0
0.308 - 5.86 9.8 19.5 39.1 48.9 58.6
0.309 - 5.83 9.7 19.4 38.8 48.6 58.3
0.310 - 5.79 9.6 19.3 38.6 48.2 57.9
0.311 - 5.75 9.6 19.2 38.3 47.9 57.5
0.312 - 5.72 9.5 19.1 38.1 47.6 57.2
0.313 - 5.68 9.5 18.9 37.9 47.3 56.8
0.314 - 5.64 9.4 18.8 37.6 47.0 56.4
0.315 - 5.61 9.3 18.7 37.4 46.7 56.1
0.316 - 5.57 9.3 18.6 37.1 46.4 55.7
0.317 - 5.54 9.2 18.5 36.9 46.1 55.4
0.318 - 5.50 9.2 18.3 36.7 45.9 55.0
0.319 - 5.47 9.1 18.2 36.4 45.6 54.7
0.320 - 5.43 9.1 18.1 36.2 45.3 54.3
0.321 - 5.40 9.0 18.0 36.0 45.0 54.0
0.322 - 5.37 8.9 17.9 35.8 44.7 53.7
0.323 - 5.33 8.9 17.8 35.5 44.4 53.3
0.324 - 5.30 8.8 17.7 35.3 44.2 53.0
0.325 - 5.27 8.8 17.6 35.1 43.9 52.7
0.326 - 5.23 8.7 17.4 34.9 43.6 52.3
0.327 - 5.20 8.7 17.3 34.7 43.4 52.0
0.328 - 5.17 8.6 17.2 34.5 43.1 51.7
0.329 - 5.14 8.6 17.1 34.3 42.8 51.4
0.330 - 5.11 8.5 17.0 34.1 42.6 51.1
0.331 - 5.08 8.5 16.9 33.8 42.3 50.8
0.332 - 5.05 8.4 16.8 33.6 42.1 50.5
0.333 - 5.02 8.4 16.7 33.4 41.8 50.2
0.334 - 4.99 8.3 16.6 33.2 41.6 49.9
0.335 - 4.96 8.3 16.5 33.0 41.3 49.6
0.336 - 4.93 8.2 16.4 32.8 41.1 49.3
0.337 - - 8.2 16.3 32.7 40.8 49.0
Page: 126
0.338 - - 8.1 16.2 32.5 40.6 48.7

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.339 - - 8.1 16.1 32.3 40.3 48.4

0.340 - - 8.0 16.0 32.1 40.1 48.1
0.341 - - 8.0 15.9 31.9 39.9 47.8
0.342 - - 7.9 15.9 31.7 39.6 47.6
0.343 - - 7.9 15.8 31.5 39.4 47.3
0.344 - - 7.8 15.7 31.3 39.2 47.0
0.345 - - 7.8 15.6 31.2 39.0 46.7
0.346 - - 7.7 15.5 31.0 38.7 46.5
0.347 - - 7.7 15.4 30.8 38.5 46.2
0.348 - - 7.7 15.3 30.6 38.3 45.9
0.349 - - 7.6 15.2 30.4 38.1 45.7
0.350 - - 7.6 15.1 30.3 37.9 45.4
0.351 - - 7.5 15.1 30.1 37.6 45.2
0.352 - - 7.5 15.0 29.9 37.4 44.9
0.353 - - 7.4 14.9 29.8 37.2 44.6
0.354 - - 7.4 14.8 29.6 37.0 44.4
0.355 - - 7.4 14.7 29.4 36.8 44.1
0.356 - - 7.3 14.6 29.3 36.6 43.9
0.357 - - 7.3 14.6 29.1 36.4 43.7
0.358 - - 7.2 14.5 28.9 36.2 43.4
0.359 - - 7.2 14.4 28.8 36.0 43.2
0.360 - - 7.2 14.3 28.6 35.8 42.9
0.361 - - 7.1 14.2 28.5 35.6 42.7
0.362 - - 7.1 14.2 28.3 35.4 42.5
0.363 - - 7.0 14.1 28.1 35.2 42.2
0.364 - - 7.0 14.0 28.0 35.0 42.0
0.365 - - 7.0 13.9 27.8 34.8 41.8
0.366 - - 6.9 13.8 27.7 34.6 41.5
0.367 - - 6.9 13.8 27.5 34.4 41.3
0.368 - - 6.8 13.7 27.4 34.2 41.1
0.369 - - 6.8 13.6 27.2 34.1 40.9
0.370 - - 6.8 13.5 27.1 33.9 40.6
0.371 - - 6.7 13.5 26.9 33.7 40.4
0.372 - - 6.7 13.4 26.8 33.5 40.2
0.373 - - 6.7 13.3 26.7 33.3 40.0
0.374 - - 6.6 13.3 26.5 33.1 39.8
0.375 - - 6.6 13.2 26.4 33.0 39.6
0.376 - - 6.6 13.1 26.2 32.8 39.4
0.377 - - 6.5 13.0 26.1 32.6 39.1
0.378 - - 6.5 13.0 26.0 32.5 38.9
0.379 - - 6.5 12.9 25.8 32.3 38.7
Page: 127
0.380 - - 6.4 12.8 25.7 32.1 38.5

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.381 - - 6.4 12.8 25.5 31.9 38.3

0.382 - - 6.4 12.7 25.4 31.8 38.1
0.383 - - 6.3 12.6 25.3 31.6 37.9
0.384 - - 6.3 12.6 25.1 31.4 37.7
0.385 - - 6.3 12.5 25.0 31.3 37.5
0.386 - - 6.2 12.4 24.9 31.1 37.3
0.387 - - 6.2 12.4 24.8 31.0 37.1
0.388 - - 6.2 12.3 24.6 30.8 37.0
0.389 - - 6.1 12.3 24.5 30.6 36.8
0.390 - - 6.1 12.2 24.4 30.5 36.6
0.391 - - 6.1 12.1 24.3 30.3 36.4
0.392 - - 6.0 12.1 24.1 30.2 36.2
0.393 - - 6.0 12.0 24.0 30.0 36.0
0.394 - - 6.0 11.9 23.9 29.9 35.8
0.395 - - 5.9 11.9 23.8 29.7 35.7
0.396 - - 5.9 11.8 23.6 29.6 35.5
0.397 - - 5.9 11.8 23.5 29.4 35.3
0.398 - - 5.9 11.7 23.4 29.3 35.1
0.399 - - 5.8 11.6 23.3 29.1 34.9
0.400 - - 5.8 11.6 23.2 29.0 34.8
0.401 - - 5.8 11.5 23.1 28.8 34.6
0.402 - - 5.7 11.5 22.9 28.7 34.4
0.403 - - 5.7 11.4 22.8 28.5 34.3
0.404 - - 5.7 11.4 22.7 28.4 34.1
0.405 - - 5.7 11.3 22.6 28.3 33.9
0.406 - - 5.6 11.3 22.5 28.1 33.8
0.407 - - 5.6 11.2 22.4 28.0 33.6
0.408 - - 5.6 11.1 22.3 27.9 33.4
0.409 - - 5.5 11.1 22.2 27.7 33.3
0.410 - - 5.5 11.0 22.1 27.6 33.1
0.411 - - 5.5 11.0 22.0 27.4 32.9
0.412 - - 5.5 10.9 21.8 27.3 32.8
0.413 - - 5.4 10.9 21.7 27.2 32.6
0.414 - - 5.4 10.8 21.6 27.1 32.5
0.415 - - 5.4 10.8 21.5 26.9 32.3
0.416 - - 5.4 10.7 21.4 26.8 32.1
0.417 - - 5.3 10.7 21.3 26.7 32.0
0.418 - - 5.3 10.6 21.2 26.5 31.8
0.419 - - 5.3 10.6 21.1 26.4 31.7
0.420 - - 5.3 10.5 21.0 26.3 31.5
0.421 - - 5.2 10.5 20.9 26.2 31.4
Page: 128
0.422 - - 5.2 10.4 20.8 26.0 31.2

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.423 - - 5.2 10.4 20.7 25.9 31.1

0.424 - - 5.2 10.3 20.6 25.8 30.9
0.425 - - 5.1 10.3 20.5 25.7 30.8
0.426 - - 5.1 10.2 20.4 25.6 30.7
0.427 - - 5.1 10.2 20.3 25.4 30.5
0.428 - - 5.1 10.1 20.2 25.3 30.4
0.429 - - 5.0 10.1 20.1 25.2 30.2
0.430 - - 5.0 10.0 20.1 25.1 30.1
0.431 - - 5.0 9.98 20.0 25.0 29.9
0.432 - - 5.0 9.94 19.9 24.8 29.8
0.433 - - 4.9 9.89 19.8 24.7 29.7
0.434 - - 4.9 9.85 19.7 24.6 29.5
0.435 - - 4.9 9.80 19.6 24.5 29.4
0.436 - - - 9.76 19.5 24.4 29.3
0.437 - - - 9.71 19.4 24.3 29.1
0.438 - - - 9.67 19.3 24.2 29.0
0.439 - - - 9.62 19.2 24.1 28.9
0.440 - - - 9.58 19.2 24.0 28.7
0.441 - - - 9.54 19.1 23.8 28.6
0.442 - - - 9.49 19.0 23.7 28.5
0.443 - - - 9.45 18.9 23.6 28.3
0.444 - - - 9.41 18.8 23.5 28.2
0.445 - - - 9.36 18.7 23.4 28.1
0.446 - - - 9.32 18.6 23.3 28.0
0.447 - - - 9.28 18.6 23.2 27.8
0.448 - - - 9.24 18.5 23.1 27.7
0.449 - - - 9.20 18.4 23.0 27.6
0.450 - - - 9.16 18.3 22.9 27.5
0.451 - - - 9.12 18.2 22.8 27.4
0.452 - - - 9.08 18.2 22.7 27.2
0.453 - - - 9.04 18.1 22.6 27.1
0.454 - - - 9.00 18.0 22.5 27.0
0.455 - - - 8.96 17.9 22.4 26.9
0.456 - - - 8.92 17.8 22.3 26.8
0.457 - - - 8.88 17.8 22.2 26.6
0.458 - - - 8.84 17.7 22.1 26.5
0.459 - - - 8.80 17.6 22.0 26.4
0.460 - - - 8.76 17.5 21.9 26.3
0.461 - - - 8.73 17.4 21.8 26.2
0.462 - - - 8.69 17.4 21.7 26.1
0.463 - - - 8.65 17.3 21.6 26.0
Page: 129
0.464 - - - 8.61 17.2 21.5 25.8

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.465 - - - 8.58 17.1 21.4 25.7

0.466 - - - 8.54 17.1 21.4 25.6
0.467 - - - 8.50 17.0 21.3 25.5
0.468 - - - 8.47 16.9 21.2 25.4
0.469 - - - 8.43 16.9 21.1 25.3
0.470 - - - 8.40 16.8 21.0 25.2
0.471 - - - 8.36 16.7 20.9 25.1
0.472 - - - 8.32 16.6 20.8 25.0
0.473 - - - 8.29 16.6 20.7 24.9
0.474 - - - 8.25 16.5 20.6 24.8
0.475 - - - 8.22 16.4 20.6 24.7
0.476 - - - 8.18 16.4 20.5 24.6
0.477 - - - 8.15 16.3 20.4 24.5
0.478 - - - 8.12 16.2 20.3 24.3
0.479 - - - 8.08 16.2 20.2 24.2
0.480 - - - 8.05 16.1 20.1 24.1
0.481 - - - 8.02 16.0 20.0 24.0
0.482 - - - 7.98 16.0 20.0 23.9
0.483 - - - 7.95 15.9 19.9 23.8
0.484 - - - 7.92 15.8 19.8 23.7
0.485 - - - 7.88 15.8 19.7 23.7
0.486 - - - 7.85 15.7 19.6 23.6
0.487 - - - 7.82 15.6 19.6 23.5
0.488 - - - 7.79 15.6 19.5 23.4
0.489 - - - 7.76 15.5 19.4 23.3
0.490 - - - 7.72 15.4 19.3 23.2
0.491 - - - 7.69 15.4 19.2 23.1
0.492 - - - 7.66 15.3 19.2 23.0
0.493 - - - 7.63 15.3 19.1 22.9
0.494 - - - 7.60 15.2 19.0 22.8
0.495 - - - 7.57 15.1 18.9 22.7
0.496 - - - 7.54 15.1 18.8 22.6
0.497 - - - 7.51 15.0 18.8 22.5
0.498 - - - 7.48 15.0 18.7 22.4
0.499 - - - 7.45 14.9 18.6 22.3
0.500 - - - 7.42 14.8 18.5 22.3
0.501 - - - 7.39 14.8 18.5 22.2
0.502 - - - 7.36 14.7 18.4 22.1
0.503 - - - 7.33 14.7 18.3 22.0
0.504 - - - 7.30 14.6 18.3 21.9
0.505 - - - 7.27 14.5 18.2 21.8
Page: 130
0.506 - - - 7.24 14.5 18.1 21.7

ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.507 - - - 7.21 14.4 18.0 21.6

0.508 - - - 7.19 14.4 18.0 21.6
0.509 - - - 7.16 14.3 17.9 21.5
0.510 - - - 7.13 14.3 17.8 21.4
0.511 - - - 7.10 14.2 17.8 21.3
0.512 - - - 7.07 14.1 17.7 21.2
0.513 - - - 7.05 14.1 17.6 21.1
0.514 - - - 7.02 14.0 17.6 21.1
0.515 - - - 6.99 14.0 17.5 21.0
0.516 - - - 6.97 13.9 17.4 20.9
0.517 - - - 6.94 13.9 17.3 20.8
0.518 - - - 6.91 13.8 17.3 20.7
0.519 - - - 6.88 13.8 17.2 20.7
0.520 - - - 6.86 13.7 17.1 20.6
0.521 - - - 6.83 13.7 17.1 20.5
0.522 - - - 6.81 13.6 17.0 20.4
0.523 - - - 6.78 13.6 17.0 20.3
0.524 - - - 6.75 13.5 16.9 20.3
0.525 - - - 6.73 13.5 16.8 20.2
0.526 - - - 6.70 13.4 16.8 20.1
0.527 - - - 6.68 13.4 16.7 20.0
0.528 - - - 6.65 13.3 16.6 20.0
0.529 - - - 6.63 13.3 16.6 19.9
0.530 - - - 6.60 13.2 16.5 19.8
0.531 - - - 6.58 13.2 16.4 19.7
0.532 - - - 6.55 13.1 16.4 19.7
0.533 - - - 6.53 13.1 16.3 19.6
0.534 - - - 6.50 13.0 16.3 19.5
0.535 - - - 6.48 13.0 16.2 19.4
0.536 - - - 6.46 12.9 16.1 19.4
0.537 - - - 6.43 12.9 16.1 19.3
0.538 - - - 6.41 12.8 16.0 19.2
0.539 - - - 6.38 12.8 16.0 19.1
0.540 - - - 6.36 12.7 15.9 19.1
0.541 - - - 6.34 12.7 15.8 19.0
0.542 - - - 6.31 12.6 15.8 18.9
0.543 - - - 6.29 12.6 15.7 18.9
0.544 - - - 6.27 12.5 15.7 18.8
0.545 - - - 6.24 12.5 15.6 18.7
0.546 - - - 6.22 12.4 15.6 18.7
0.547 - - - 6.20 12.4 15.5 18.6
Page: 131
0.548 - - - 6.18 12.3 15.4 18.5
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.549 - - - 6.15 12.3 15.4 18.5

0.550 - - - 6.13 12.3 15.3 18.4
0.551 - - - 6.11 12.2 15.3 18.3
0.552 - - - 6.09 12.2 15.2 18.3
0.553 - - - 6.06 12.1 15.2 18.2
0.554 - - - 6.04 12.1 15.1 18.1
0.555 - - - 6.02 12.0 15.1 18.1
0.556 - - - 6.00 12.0 15.0 18.0
0.557 - - - 5.98 12.0 14.9 17.9
0.558 - - - 5.96 11.9 14.9 17.9
0.559 - - - 5.93 11.9 14.8 17.8
0.560 - - - 5.91 11.8 14.8 17.7
0.561 - - - 5.89 11.8 14.7 17.7
0.562 - - - 5.87 11.7 14.7 17.6
0.563 - - - 5.85 11.7 14.6 17.6
0.564 - - - 5.83 11.7 14.6 17.5
0.565 - - - 5.81 11.6 14.5 17.4
0.566 - - - 5.79 11.6 14.5 17.4
0.567 - - - 5.77 11.5 14.4 17.3
0.568 - - - 5.75 11.5 14.4 17.2
0.569 - - - 5.73 11.5 14.3 17.2
0.570 - - - 5.71 11.4 14.3 17.1
0.571 - - - 5.69 11.4 14.2 17.1
0.572 - - - 5.67 11.3 14.2 17.0
0.573 - - - 5.65 11.3 14.1 16.9
0.574 - - - 5.63 11.3 14.1 16.9
0.575 - - - 5.61 11.2 14.0 16.8
0.576 - - - 5.59 11.2 14.0 16.8
0.577 - - - 5.57 11.1 13.9 16.7
0.578 - - - 5.55 11.1 13.9 16.7
0.579 - - - 5.53 11.1 13.8 16.6
0.580 - - - 5.51 11.0 13.8 16.5
0.581 - - - 5.49 11.0 13.7 16.5
0.582 - - - 5.47 10.9 13.7 16.4
0.583 - - - 5.46 10.9 13.6 16.4
0.584 - - - 5.44 10.9 13.6 16.3
0.585 - - - 5.42 10.8 13.5 16.3
0.586 - - - 5.40 10.8 13.5 16.2
0.587 - - - 5.38 10.8 13.5 16.1
0.588 - - - 5.36 10.7 13.4 16.1
0.589 - - - 5.35 10.7 13.4 16.0
0.590 - - - 5.33 10.7 13.3 16.0
Page: 132
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.591 - - - 5.31 10.6 13.3 15.9

0.592 - - - 5.29 10.6 13.2 15.9
0.593 - - - 5.27 10.5 13.2 15.8
0.594 - - - 5.26 10.5 13.1 15.8
0.595 - - - 5.24 10.5 13.1 15.7
0.596 - - - 5.22 10.4 13.1 15.7
0.597 - - - 5.20 10.4 13.0 15.6
0.598 - - - 5.19 10.4 13.0 15.6
0.599 - - - 5.17 10.3 12.9 15.5
0.600 - - - 5.15 10.3 12.9 15.5
0.601 - - - 5.13 10.3 12.8 15.4
0.602 - - - 5.12 10.2 12.8 15.4
0.603 - - - 5.10 10.2 12.8 15.3
0.604 - - - 5.08 10.2 12.7 15.2
0.605 - - - 5.07 10.1 12.7 15.2
0.606 - - - 5.05 10.1 12.6 15.1
0.607 - - - 5.03 10.1 12.6 15.1
0.608 - - - 5.02 10.0 12.5 15.0
0.609 - - - 5.00 10.0 12.5 15.0
0.610 - - - 4.98 9.97 12.5 15.0
0.611 - - - 4.97 9.93 12.4 14.9
0.612 - - - 4.95 9.90 12.4 14.9
0.613 - - - 4.94 9.87 12.3 14.8
0.614 - - - 4.92 9.84 12.3 14.8
0.615 - - - 4.90 9.80 12.3 14.7
0.616 - - - - 9.77 12.2 14.7
0.617 - - - - 9.74 12.2 14.6
0.618 - - - - 9.71 12.1 14.6
0.619 - - - - 9.68 12.1 14.5
0.620 - - - - 9.65 12.1 14.5
0.621 - - - - 9.62 12.0 14.4
0.622 - - - - 9.58 12.0 14.4
0.623 - - - - 9.55 11.9 14.3
0.624 - - - - 9.52 11.9 14.3
0.625 - - - - 9.49 11.9 14.2
0.626 - - - - 9.46 11.8 14.2
0.627 - - - - 9.43 11.8 14.2
0.628 - - - - 9.40 11.8 14.1
0.629 - - - - 9.37 11.7 14.1
0.630 - - - - 9.34 11.7 14.0
0.631 - - - - 9.31 11.6 14.0
0.632 - - - - 9.28 11.6 13.9
Page: 133
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.633 - - - - 9.25 11.6 13.9

0.634 - - - - 9.23 11.5 13.8
0.635 - - - - 9.20 11.5 13.8
0.636 - - - - 9.17 11.5 13.8
0.637 - - - - 9.14 11.4 13.7
0.638 - - - - 9.11 11.4 13.7
0.639 - - - - 9.08 11.4 13.6
0.640 - - - - 9.05 11.3 13.6
0.641 - - - - 9.03 11.3 13.5
0.642 - - - - 9.00 11.2 13.5
0.643 - - - - 8.97 11.2 13.5
0.644 - - - - 8.94 11.2 13.4
0.645 - - - - 8.91 11.1 13.4
0.646 - - - - 8.89 11.1 13.3
0.647 - - - - 8.86 11.1 13.3
0.648 - - - - 8.83 11.0 13.2
0.649 - - - - 8.80 11.0 13.2
0.650 - - - - 8.78 11.0 13.2
0.651 - - - - 8.75 10.9 13.1
0.652 - - - - 8.72 10.9 13.1
0.653 - - - - 8.70 10.9 13.0
0.654 - - - - 8.67 10.8 13.0
0.655 - - - - 8.64 10.8 13.0
0.656 - - - - 8.62 10.8 12.9
0.657 - - - - 8.59 10.7 12.9
0.658 - - - - 8.56 10.7 12.8
0.659 - - - - 8.54 10.7 12.8
0.660 - - - - 8.51 10.6 12.8
0.661 - - - - 8.49 10.6 12.7
0.662 - - - - 8.46 10.6 12.7
0.663 - - - - 8.44 10.5 12.7
0.664 - - - - 8.41 10.5 12.6
0.665 - - - - 8.39 10.5 12.6
0.666 - - - - 8.36 10.5 12.5
0.667 - - - - 8.34 10.4 12.5
0.668 - - - - 8.31 10.4 12.5
0.669 - - - - 8.29 10.4 12.4
0.670 - - - - 8.26 10.3 12.4
0.671 - - - - 8.24 10.3 12.4
0.672 - - - - 8.21 10.3 12.3
0.673 - - - - 8.19 10.2 12.3
0.674 - - - - 8.16 10.2 12.2
Page: 134
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.675 - - - - 8.14 10.2 12.2

0.676 - - - - 8.11 10.1 12.2
0.677 - - - - 8.09 10.1 12.1
0.678 - - - - 8.07 10.1 12.1
0.679 - - - - 8.04 10.1 12.1
0.680 - - - - 8.02 10.0 12.0
0.681 - - - - 8.00 10.0 12.0
0.682 - - - - 7.97 9.97 12.0
0.683 - - - - 7.95 9.94 11.9
0.684 - - - - 7.93 9.91 11.9
0.685 - - - - 7.90 9.88 11.9
0.686 - - - - 7.88 9.85 11.8
0.687 - - - - 7.86 9.82 11.8
0.688 - - - - 7.83 9.80 11.8
0.689 - - - - 7.81 9.77 11.7
0.690 - - - - 7.79 9.74 11.7
0.691 - - - - 7.77 9.71 11.7
0.692 - - - - 7.74 9.68 11.6
0.693 - - - - 7.72 9.65 11.6
0.694 - - - - 7.70 9.63 11.6
0.695 - - - - 7.68 9.60 11.5
0.696 - - - - 7.66 9.57 11.5
0.697 - - - - 7.63 9.54 11.5
0.698 - - - - 7.61 9.52 11.4
0.699 - - - - 7.59 9.49 11.4
0.700 - - - - 7.57 9.46 11.4
0.701 - - - - 7.55 9.44 11.3
0.702 - - - - 7.52 9.41 11.3
0.703 - - - - 7.50 9.38 11.3
0.704 - - - - 7.48 9.36 11.2
0.705 - - - - 7.46 9.33 11.2
0.706 - - - - 7.44 9.30 11.2
0.707 - - - - 7.42 9.28 11.1
0.708 - - - - 7.40 9.25 11.1
0.709 - - - - 7.38 9.22 11.1
0.710 - - - - 7.36 9.20 11.0
0.711 - - - - 7.34 9.17 11.0
0.712 - - - - 7.31 9.15 11.0
0.713 - - - - 7.29 9.12 10.9
0.714 - - - - 7.27 9.10 10.9
0.715 - - - - 7.25 9.07 10.9
0.716 - - - - 7.23 9.04 10.9
Page: 135
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.717 - - - - 7.21 9.02 10.8

0.718 - - - - 7.19 8.99 10.8
0.719 - - - - 7.17 8.97 10.8
0.720 - - - - 7.15 8.94 10.7
0.721 - - - - 7.13 8.92 10.7
0.722 - - - - 7.11 8.89 10.7
0.723 - - - - 7.09 8.87 10.6
0.724 - - - - 7.07 8.85 10.6
0.725 - - - - 7.05 8.82 10.6
0.726 - - - - 7.04 8.80 10.6
0.727 - - - - 7.02 8.77 10.5
0.728 - - - - 7.00 8.75 10.5
0.729 - - - - 6.98 8.72 10.5
0.730 - - - - 6.96 8.70 10.4
0.731 - - - - 6.94 8.68 10.4
0.732 - - - - 6.92 8.65 10.4
0.733 - - - - 6.90 8.63 10.4
0.734 - - - - 6.88 8.61 10.3
0.735 - - - - 6.86 8.58 10.3
0.736 - - - - 6.85 8.56 10.3
0.737 - - - - 6.83 8.54 10.2
0.738 - - - - 6.81 8.51 10.2
0.739 - - - - 6.79 8.49 10.2
0.740 - - - - 6.77 8.47 10.2
0.741 - - - - 6.75 8.44 10.1
0.742 - - - - 6.74 8.42 10.1
0.743 - - - - 6.72 8.40 10.1
0.744 - - - - 6.70 8.38 10.1
0.745 - - - - 6.68 8.35 10.0
0.746 - - - - 6.66 8.33 10.0
0.747 - - - - 6.65 8.31 9.97
0.748 - - - - 6.63 8.29 9.94
0.749 - - - - 6.61 8.27 9.92
0.750 - - - - 6.59 8.24 9.89
0.751 - - - - 6.57 8.22 9.86
0.752 - - - - 6.56 8.20 9.84
0.753 - - - - 6.54 8.18 9.81
0.754 - - - - 6.52 8.16 9.79
0.755 - - - - 6.51 8.13 9.76
0.756 - - - - 6.49 8.11 9.73
0.757 - - - - 6.47 8.09 9.71
0.758 - - - - 6.45 8.07 9.68
Page: 136
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.759 - - - - 6.44 8.05 9.66

0.760 - - - - 6.42 8.03 9.63
0.761 - - - - 6.40 8.01 9.61
0.762 - - - - 6.39 7.99 9.58
0.763 - - - - 6.37 7.96 9.56
0.764 - - - - 6.35 7.94 9.53
0.765 - - - - 6.34 7.92 9.51
0.766 - - - - 6.32 7.90 9.48
0.767 - - - - 6.30 7.88 9.46
0.768 - - - - 6.29 7.86 9.43
0.769 - - - - 6.27 7.84 9.41
0.770 - - - - 6.25 7.82 9.38
0.771 - - - - 6.24 7.80 9.36
0.772 - - - - 6.22 7.78 9.33
0.773 - - - - 6.21 7.76 9.31
0.774 - - - - 6.19 7.74 9.29
0.775 - - - - 6.17 7.72 9.26
0.776 - - - - 6.16 7.70 9.24
0.777 - - - - 6.14 7.68 9.21
0.778 - - - - 6.13 7.66 9.19
0.779 - - - - 6.11 7.64 9.17
0.780 - - - - 6.10 7.62 9.14
0.781 - - - - 6.08 7.60 9.12
0.782 - - - - 6.06 7.58 9.10
0.783 - - - - 6.05 7.56 9.07
0.784 - - - - 6.03 7.54 9.05
0.785 - - - - 6.02 7.52 9.03
0.786 - - - - 6.00 7.51 9.01
0.787 - - - - 5.99 7.49 8.98
0.788 - - - - 5.97 7.47 8.96
0.789 - - - - 5.96 7.45 8.94
0.790 - - - - 5.94 7.43 8.91
0.791 - - - - 5.93 7.41 8.89
0.792 - - - - 5.91 7.39 8.87
0.793 - - - - 5.90 7.37 8.85
0.794 - - - - 5.88 7.35 8.82
0.795 - - - - 5.87 7.34 8.80
0.796 - - - - 5.85 7.32 8.78
0.797 - - - - 5.84 7.30 8.76
0.798 - - - - 5.82 7.28 8.74
0.799 - - - - 5.81 7.26 8.71
0.800 - - - - 5.79 7.24 8.69
Page: 137
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.801 - - - - 5.78 7.23 8.67

0.802 - - - - 5.77 7.21 8.65
0.803 - - - - 5.75 7.19 8.63
0.804 - - - - 5.74 7.17 8.61
0.805 - - - - 5.72 7.16 8.59
0.806 - - - - 5.71 7.14 8.56
0.807 - - - - 5.69 7.12 8.54
0.808 - - - - 5.68 7.10 8.52
0.809 - - - - 5.67 7.08 8.50
0.810 - - - - 5.65 7.07 8.48
0.811 - - - - 5.64 7.05 8.46
0.812 - - - - 5.62 7.03 8.44
0.813 - - - - 5.61 7.02 8.42
0.814 - - - - 5.60 7.00 8.40
0.815 - - - - 5.58 6.98 8.38
0.816 - - - - 5.57 6.96 8.36
0.817 - - - - 5.56 6.95 8.33
0.818 - - - - 5.54 6.93 8.31
0.819 - - - - 5.53 6.91 8.29
0.820 - - - - 5.51 6.90 8.27
0.821 - - - - 5.50 6.88 8.25
0.822 - - - - 5.49 6.86 8.23
0.823 - - - - 5.47 6.85 8.21
0.824 - - - - 5.46 6.83 8.19
0.825 - - - - 5.45 6.81 8.17
0.826 - - - - 5.44 6.80 8.15
0.827 - - - - 5.42 6.78 8.13
0.828 - - - - 5.41 6.76 8.11
0.829 - - - - 5.40 6.75 8.10
0.830 - - - - 5.38 6.73 8.08
0.831 - - - - 5.37 6.71 8.06
0.832 - - - - 5.36 6.70 8.04
0.833 - - - - 5.34 6.68 8.02
0.834 - - - - 5.33 6.67 8.00
0.835 - - - - 5.32 6.65 7.98
0.836 - - - - 5.31 6.63 7.96
0.837 - - - - 5.29 6.62 7.94
0.838 - - - - 5.28 6.60 7.92
0.839 - - - - 5.27 6.59 7.90
0.840 - - - - 5.26 6.57 7.88
0.841 - - - - 5.24 6.56 7.87
0.842 - - - - 5.23 6.54 7.85
Page: 138
ON FLAT SURFACES
c mean 1.961 2.942 4.903 9.807 19.61 24.52 29.42
of the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
0.843 - - - - 5.22 6.52 7.83

0.844 - - - - 5.21 6.51 7.81
0.845 - - - - 5.19 6.49 7.79
0.846 - - - - 5.18 6.48 7.77
0.847 - - - - 5.17 6.46 7.75
0.848 - - - - 5.16 6.45 7.74
0.849 - - - - 5.14 6.43 7.72
0.850 - - - - 5.13 6.42 7.70
Page: 139
Shedule for the reading of Vickers hardness
Arithmetic Test load F (N)
mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
(mm) HV5 HV10 HV15 HV20 HV30 HV50 HV60 HV100
0,056 2956 - - - - - - -
0,057 2854 - - - - - - -
0,058 2756 - - - - - - -
0,059 2663 - - - - - - -
0,060 2575 - - - - - - -
0,061 2492 - - - - - - -
0,062 2412 - - - - - - -
0,063 2336 - - - - - - -
0,064 2264 - - - - - - -
0,065 2194 - - - - - - -
0,066 2128 - - - - - - -
0,067 2065 - - - - - - -
0,068 2005 - - - - - - -
0,069 1947 - - - - - - -
0,070 1892 - - - - - - -
0,071 1839 - - - - - - -
0,072 1788 - - - - - - -
0,073 1740 - - - - - - -
0,074 1693 - - - - - - -
0,075 1648 - - - - - - -
0,076 1605 - - - - - - -
0,077 1564 - - - - - - -
0,078 1524 - - - - - - -
0,079 1486 2971 - - - - - -
0,080 1449 2898 - - - - - -
0,081 1413 2827 - - - - - -
0,082 1379 2758 - - - - - -
0,083 1346 2692 - - - - - -
0,084 1314 2628 - - - - - -
0,085 1283 2567 - - - - - -
0,086 1254 2507 - - - - - -
0,087 1225 2450 - - - - - -
0,088 1197 2395 - - - - - -
0,089 1171 2341 - - - - - -
0,090 1145 2290 - - - - - -
0,091 1120 2239 - - - - - -
0,092 1095 2191 - - - - - -
0,093 1072 2144 - - - - - -
0,094 1049 2099 - - - - - -
0,095 1027 2055 - - - - - -
0,096 1006 2012 - - - - - -
0,097 985 1971 2956 - - - - -
Page: 140
mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,098 965 1931 2896 - - - - -

0,099 946 1892 2838 - - - - -
0,100 927 1855 2782 - - - - -
0,101 909 1818 2727 - - - - -
0,102 891 1782 2674 - - - - -
0,103 874 1748 2622 - - - - -
0,104 857 1715 2572 - - - - -
0,105 841 1682 2523 - - - - -
0,106 825 1651 2476 - - - - -
0,107 810 1620 2430 - - - - -
0,108 795 1590 2385 - - - - -
0,109 780 1561 2341 - - - - -
0,110 766 1533 2299 - - - - -
0,111 753 1505 2258 - - - - -
0,112 739 1478 2218 2956 - - - -
0,113 726 1452 2178 2904 - - - -
0,114 713 1427 2140 2853 - - - -
0,115 701 1402 2103 2804 - - - -
0,116 689 1378 2067 2756 - - - -
0,117 677 1355 2032 2709 - - - -
0,118 666 1332 1998 2663 - - - -
0,119 655 1310 1964 2619 - - - -
0,120 644 1288 1932 2575 - - - -
0,121 633 1267 1900 2533 - - - -
0,122 623 1246 1869 2491 - - - -
0,123 613 1226 1839 2451 - - - -
0,124 603 1206 1809 2412 - - - -
0,125 593 1187 1780 2373 - - - -
0,126 584 1168 1752 2336 - - - -
0,127 575 1150 1725 2299 - - - -
0,128 566 1132 1698 2263 - - - -
0,129 557 1114 1672 2228 - - - -
0,130 549 1097 1646 2194 - - - -
0,131 540 1081 1621 2161 - - - -
0,132 532 1064 1596 2128 - - - -
0,133 524 1048 1573 2096 - - - -
0,134 516 1033 1549 2065 - - - -
0,135 509 1018 1526 2035 - - - -
0,136 501 1003 1504 2005 - - - -
0,137 494 988 1482 1976 2964 - - -
0,138 487 974 1461 1947 2921 - - -
Page: 141
0,139 480 960 1440 1919 2879 - - -
0,140 473 946 1419 1892 2838 - - -
0,141 466 933 1399 1865 2798 - - -

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,142 460 920 1380 1839 2759 - - -

0,143 453 907 1360 1813 2721 - - -
0,144 447 894 1341 1788 2683 - - -
0,145 441 882 1323 1764 2646 - - -
0,146 435 870 1305 1740 2610 - - -
0,147 429 858 1287 1716 2575 - - -
0,148 423 847 1270 1693 2540 - - -
0,149 418 835 1253 1670 2506 - - -
0,150 412 824 1236 1648 2473 - - -
0,151 407 813 1220 1626 2440 - - -
0,152 401 803 1204 1605 2408 - - -
0,153 396 792 1188 1584 2377 - - -
0,154 391 782 1173 1564 2346 - - -
0,155 386 772 1158 1543 2316 - - -
0,156 381 762 1143 1524 2286 - - -
0,157 376 752 1129 1504 2257 - - -
0,158 371 743 1114 1485 2229 - - -
0,159 367 734 1100 1467 2201 - - -
0,160 362 724 1087 1449 2173 - - -
0,161 358 715 1073 1431 2146 - - -
0,162 353 707 1060 1413 2120 - - -
0,163 349 698 1047 1396 2094 - - -
0,164 345 690 1034 1379 2068 - - -
0,165 341 681 1022 1362 2043 - - -
0,166 336 673 1009 1346 2019 - - -
0,167 332 665 997 1330 1995 - - -
0,168 328 657 986 1314 1971 - - -
0,169 325 649 974 1298 1948 - - -
0,170 321 642 963 1283 1925 - - -
0,171 317 634 951 1268 1903 - - -
0,172 313 627 940 1253 1881 - - -
0,173 310 620 929 1239 1859 - - -
0,174 306 613 919 1225 1838 - - -
0,175 303 606 908 1211 1817 - - -
0,176 299 599 898 1197 1796 2993 - -
0,177 296 592 888 1184 1776 2959 - -
0,178 293 585 878 1170 1756 2926 - -
0,179 289 579 868 1157 1736 2894 - -
0,180 286 572 859 1145 1717 2862 - -
0,181 283 566 849 1132 1698 2830 - -
Page: 142
0,182 280 560 840 1120 1680 2799 - -
0,183 277 554 831 1107 1661 2769 - -
0,184 274 548 822 1095 1643 2739 - -

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,185 271 542 813 1083 1626 2709 - -

0,186 268 536 804 1072 1608 2680 - -
0,187 265 530 795 1060 1591 2651 - -
0,188 262 525 787 1049 1574 2623 - -
0,189 260 519 779 1038 1557 2596 - -
0,190 257 514 771 1027 1541 2568 - -
0,191 254 508 762 1016 1525 2541 - -
0,192 252 503 755 1006 1509 2515 - -
0,193 249 498 747 996 1494 2489 2987 -
0,194 246 493 739 985 1478 2463 2956 -
0,195 244 488 732 975 1463 2438 2926 -
0,196 241 483 724 965 1448 2413 2896 -
0,197 239 478 717 956 1434 2389 2867 -
0,198 236 473 710 946 1419 2365 2838 -
0,199 234 468 702 936 1405 2341 2810 -
0,200 232 464 695 927 1391 2318 2782 -
0,201 229 459 689 918 1377 2295 2754 -
0,202 227 454 682 909 1363 2272 2727 -
0,203 225 450 675 900 1350 2250 2700 -
0,204 223 446 668 891 1337 2228 2674 -
0,205 221 441 662 882 1324 2206 2648 -
0,206 218 437 655 874 1311 2185 2622 -
0,207 216 433 649 865 1298 2164 2597 -
0,208 214 429 643 857 1286 2143 2572 -
0,209 212 425 637 849 1274 2123 2547 -
0,210 210 421 631 841 1262 2102 2523 -
0,211 208 417 625 833 1250 2083 2499 -
0,212 206 413 619 825 1238 2063 2476 -
0,213 204 409 613 817 1226 2044 2452 -
0,214 202 405 607 810 1215 2025 2430 -
0,215 201 401 602 802 1204 2006 2407 -
0,216 199 397 596 795 1192 1987 2385 -
0,217 197 394 591 787 1181 1969 2363 -
0,218 195 390 585 780 1171 1951 2341 -
0,219 193 387 580 773 1160 1933 2320 -
0,220 192 383 575 766 1149 1916 2299 -
0,221 190 380 570 759 1139 1898 2278 -
0,222 188 376 564 752 1129 1881 2258 -
0,223 186 373 559 746 1119 1864 2237 -
0,224 185 370 554 739 1109 1848 2218 -
Page: 143
0,225 183 366 549 732 1099 1831 2198 -
0,226 182 363 545 726 1089 1815 2178 -
0,227 180 360 540 720 1080 1799 2159 -

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,228 178 357 535 713 1070 1784 2140 -

0,229 177 354 530 707 1061 1768 2122 -
0,230 175 351 526 701 1052 1753 2103 -
0,231 174 348 521 695 1043 1738 2085 -
0,232 172 345 517 689 1034 1723 2067 -
0,233 171 342 512 683 1025 1708 2050 -
0,234 169 339 508 677 1016 1693 2032 -
0,235 168 336 504 671 1007 1679 2015 -
0,236 166 333 499 666 999 1665 1998 -
0,237 165 330 495 660 990 1651 1981 -
0,238 164 327 491 655 982 1637 1964 -
0,239 162 325 487 649 974 1623 1948 -
0,240 161 322 483 644 966 1610 1932 -
0,241 160 319 479 638 958 1596 1916 -
0,242 158 317 475 633 950 1583 1900 -
0,243 157 314 471 628 942 1570 1884 -
0,244 156 311 467 623 934 1557 1869 -
0,245 154 309 463 618 927 1545 1854 -
0,246 153 306 460 613 919 1532 1839 -
0,247 152 304 456 608 912 1520 1824 -
0,248 151 302 452 603 905 1507 1809 -
0,249 150 299 449 598 897 1495 1795 -
0,250 148 297 445 593 890 1483 1780 -
0,251 147 294 442 589 883 1472 1766 -
0,252 146 292 438 584 876 1460 1752 -
0,253 145 290 435 579 869 1448 1738 -
0,254 144 287 431 575 862 1437 1725 -
0,255 143 285 428 570 856 1426 1711 -
0,256 141 283 424 566 849 1415 1698 2830
0,257 140 281 421 561 842 1404 1685 2808
0,258 139 279 418 557 836 1393 1672 2786
0,259 138 276 415 553 829 1382 1659 2765
0,260 137 274 411 549 823 1372 1646 2743
0,261 136 272 408 544 817 1361 1633 2722
0,262 135 270 405 540 810 1351 1621 2702
0,263 134 268 402 536 804 1340 1609 2681
0,264 133 266 399 532 798 1330 1596 2661
0,265 132 264 396 528 792 1320 1584 2641
0,266 131 262 393 524 786 1310 1573 2621
Page: 144
0,267 130 260 390 520 780 1301 1561 2601
0,268 129 258 387 516 775 1291 1549 2582
0,269 128 256 384 512 769 1281 1538 2563
0,270 127 254 382 509 763 1272 1526 2544

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,271 126 253 379 505 758 1262 1515 2525

0,272 125 251 376 501 752 1253 1504 2507
0,273 124 249 373 498 746 1244 1493 2488
0,274 123 247 371 494 741 1235 1482 2470
0,275 123 245 368 490 736 1226 1471 2452
0,276 122 243 365 487 730 1217 1461 2434
0,277 121 242 363 483 725 1208 1450 2417
0,278 120 240 360 480 720 1200 1440 2400
0,279 119 238 357 476 715 1191 1429 2382
0,280 118 237 355 473 710 1183 1419 2365
0,281 117 235 352 470 705 1174 1409 2349
0,282 117 233 350 466 700 1166 1399 2332
0,283 116 232 347 463 695 1158 1389 2316
0,284 115 230 345 460 690 1150 1380 2299
0,285 114 228 342 457 685 1141 1370 2283
0,286 113 227 340 453 680 1133 1360 2267
0,287 113 225 338 450 675 1126 1351 2251
0,288 112 224 335 447 671 1118 1341 2236
0,289 111 222 333 444 666 1110 1332 2220
0,290 110 221 331 441 662 1102 1323 2205
0,291 109 219 328 438 657 1095 1314 2190
0,292 109 218 326 435 652 1087 1305 2175
0,293 108 216 324 432 648 1080 1296 2160
0,294 107 215 322 429 644 1073 1287 2146
0,295 107 213 320 426 639 1065 1279 2131
0,296 106 212 317 423 635 1058 1270 2117
0,297 105 210 315 420 631 1051 1261 2102
0,298 104 209 313 418 626 1044 1253 2088
0,299 104 207 311 415 622 1037 1245 2074
0,300 103 206 309 412 618 1030 1236 2061
0,301 102 205 307 409 614 1023 1228 2047
0,302 102 203 305 407 610 1017 1220 2033
0,303 101 202 303 404 606 1010 1212 2020
0,304 100 201 301 401 602 1003 1204 2007
0,305 100 199 299 399 598 997 1196 1994
0,306 99,0 198 297 396 594 990 1188 1981
0,307 98,4 197 295 393 590 984 1181 1968
0,308 97,7 195 293 391 586 977 1173 1955
0,309 97,1 194 291 388 583 971 1165 1942
Page: 145
0,310 96,5 193 289 386 579 965 1158 1930
0,311 95,9 192 288 383 575 959 1150 1917
0,312 95,2 191 286 381 572 952 1143 1905
0,313 94,6 189 284 379 568 946 1136 1893

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,314 94,0 188 282 376 564 940 1129 1881

0,315 93,4 187 280 374 561 934 1121 1869
0,316 92,8 186 279 371 557 928 1114 1857
0,317 92,3 185 277 369 554 923 1107 1845
0,318 91,7 183 275 367 550 917 1100 1834
0,319 91,1 182 273 364 547 911 1093 1822
0,320 90,5 181 272 362 543 905 1087 1811
0,321 90,0 180 270 360 540 900 1080 1800
0,322 89,4 179 268 358 537 894 1073 1789
0,323 88,9 178 267 355 533 889 1066 1778
0,324 88,3 177 265 353 530 883 1060 1767
0,325 87,8 176 263 351 527 878 1053 1756
0,326 87,2 174 262 349 523 872 1047 1745
0,327 86,7 173 260 347 520 867 1041 1734
0,328 86,2 172 259 345 517 862 1034 1724
0,329 85,7 171 257 343 514 857 1028 1713
0,330 85,1 170 255 341 511 851 1022 1703
0,331 84,6 169 254 338 508 846 1016 1693
0,332 84,1 168 252 336 505 841 1009 1682
0,333 83,6 167 251 334 502 836 1003 1672
0,334 83,1 166 249 332 499 831 997 1662
0,335 82,6 165 248 330 496 826 991 1652
0,336 82,1 164 246 328 493 821 986 1643
0,337 81,6 163 245 327 490 816 980 1633
0,338 81,2 162 243 325 487 812 974 1623
0,339 80,7 161 242 323 484 807 968 1614
0,340 80,2 160 241 321 481 802 963 1604
0,341 79,7 159 239 319 478 797 957 1595
0,342 79,3 159 238 317 476 793 951 1586
0,343 78,8 158 236 315 473 788 946 1576
0,344 78,3 157 235 313 470 783 940 1567
0,345 77,9 156 234 312 467 779 935 1558
0,346 77,4 155 232 310 465 774 929 1549
0,347 77,0 154 231 308 462 770 924 1540
0,348 76,6 153 230 306 459 766 919 1531
0,349 76,1 152 228 304 457 761 914 1523
0,350 75,7 151 227 303 454 757 908 1514
0,351 75,3 151 226 301 452 753 903 1505
Page: 146
0,352 74,8 150 225 299 449 748 898 1497
0,353 74,4 149 223 298 446 744 893 1488
0,354 74,0 148 222 296 444 740 888 1480
0,355 73,6 147 221 294 441 736 883 1472
0,356 73,2 146 219 293 439 732 878 1463

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,357 72,7 146 218 291 437 727 873 1455

0,358 72,3 145 217 289 434 723 868 1447
0,359 71,9 144 216 288 432 719 863 1439
0,360 71,5 143 215 286 429 715 859 1431
0,361 71,1 142 213 285 427 711 854 1423
0,362 70,8 142 212 283 425 708 849 1415
0,363 70,4 141 211 281 422 704 844 1407
0,364 70,0 140 210 280 420 700 840 1400
0,365 69,6 139 209 278 418 696 835 1392
0,366 69,2 138 208 277 415 692 831 1384
0,367 68,8 138 207 275 413 688 826 1377
0,368 68,5 137 205 274 411 685 822 1369
0,369 68,1 136 204 272 409 681 817 1362
0,370 67,7 135 203 271 406 677 813 1355
0,371 67,4 135 202 269 404 674 808 1347
0,372 67,0 134 201 268 402 670 804 1340
0,373 66,6 133 200 267 400 666 800 1333
0,374 66,3 133 199 265 398 663 795 1326
0,375 65,9 132 198 264 396 659 791 1319
0,376 65,6 131 197 262 394 656 787 1312
0,377 65,2 130 196 261 391 652 783 1305
0,378 64,9 130 195 260 389 649 779 1298
0,379 64,5 129 194 258 387 645 775 1291
0,380 64,2 128 193 257 385 642 771 1284
0,381 63,9 128 192 255 383 639 767 1278
0,382 63,5 127 191 254 381 635 762 1271
0,383 63,2 126 190 253 379 632 759 1264
0,384 62,9 126 189 251 377 629 755 1258
0,385 62,6 125 188 250 375 626 751 1251
0,386 62,2 124 187 249 373 622 747 1245
0,387 61,9 124 186 248 371 619 743 1238
0,388 61,6 123 185 246 370 616 739 1232
0,389 61,3 123 184 245 368 613 735 1226
0,390 61,0 122 183 244 366 610 732 1219
0,391 60,6 121 182 243 364 606 728 1213
0,392 60,3 121 181 241 362 603 724 1207
0,393 60,0 120 180 240 360 600 720 1201
0,394 59,7 119 179 239 358 597 717 1195
Page: 147
0,395 59,4 119 178 238 357 594 713 1189
0,396 59,1 118 177 236 355 591 710 1183
0,397 58,8 118 176 235 353 588 706 1177
0,398 58,5 117 176 234 351 585 702 1171
0,399 58,2 116 175 233 349 582 699 1165

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,400 57,9 116 174 232 348 579 695 1159

0,401 57,7 115 173 231 346 577 692 1153
0,402 57,4 115 172 229 344 574 689 1148
0,403 57,1 114 171 228 343 571 685 1142
0,404 56,8 114 170 227 341 568 682 1136
0,405 56,5 113 170 226 339 565 678 1131
0,406 56,2 113 169 225 338 562 675 1125
0,407 56,0 112 168 224 336 560 672 1120
0,408 55,7 111 167 223 334 557 668 1114
0,409 55,4 111 166 222 333 554 665 1109
0,410 55,2 110 165 221 331 552 662 1103
0,411 54,9 110 165 220 329 549 659 1098
0,412 54,6 109 164 218 328 546 655 1093
0,413 54,4 109 163 217 326 544 652 1087
0,414 54,1 108 162 216 325 541 649 1082
0,415 53,8 108 162 215 323 538 646 1077
0,416 53,6 107 161 214 321 536 643 1072
0,417 53,3 107 160 213 320 533 640 1066
0,418 53,1 106 159 212 318 531 637 1061
0,419 52,8 106 158 211 317 528 634 1056
0,420 52,6 105 158 210 315 526 631 1051
0,421 52,3 105 157 209 314 523 628 1046
0,422 52,1 104 156 208 312 521 625 1041
0,423 51,8 104 155 207 311 518 622 1036
0,424 51,6 103 155 206 309 516 619 1032
0,425 51,3 103 154 205 308 513 616 1027
0,426 51,1 102 153 204 307 511 613 1022
0,427 50,9 102 153 203 305 509 610 1017
0,428 50,6 101 152 202 304 506 607 1012
0,429 50,4 101 151 201 302 504 605 1008
0,430 50,1 100 150 201 301 501 602 1003
0,431 49,9 100 150 200 299 499 599 998
0,432 49,7 99,4 149 199 298 497 596 994
0,433 49,5 98,9 148 198 297 495 593 989
0,434 49,2 98,5 148 197 295 492 591 985
0,435 49,0 98,0 147 196 294 490 588 980
0,436 48,8 97,6 146 195 293 488 585 976
Page: 148
0,437 48,6 97,1 146 194 291 486 583 971
0,438 48,3 96,7 145 193 290 483 580 967
0,439 48,1 96,2 144 192 289 481 577 962
0,440 47,9 95,8 144 192 287 479 575 958
0,441 47,7 95,4 143 191 286 477 572 954
0,442 47,5 94,9 142 190 285 475 570 949

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,443 47,2 94,5 142 189 283 472 567 945

0,444 47,0 94,1 141 188 282 470 564 941
0,445 46,8 93,6 140 187 281 468 562 936
0,446 46,6 93,2 140 186 280 466 559 932
0,447 46,4 92,8 139 186 278 464 557 928
0,448 46,2 92,4 139 185 277 462 554 924
0,449 46,0 92,0 138 184 276 460 552 920
0,450 45,8 91,6 137 183 275 458 549 916
0,451 45,6 91,2 137 182 274 456 547 912
0,452 45,4 90,8 136 182 272 454 545 908
0,453 45,2 90,4 136 181 271 452 542 904
0,454 45,0 90,0 135 180 270 450 540 900
0,455 44,8 89,6 134 179 269 448 537 896
0,456 44,6 89,2 134 178 268 446 535 892
0,457 44,4 88,8 133 178 266 444 533 888
0,458 44,2 88,4 133 177 265 442 530 884
0,459 44,0 88,0 132 176 264 440 528 880
0,460 43,8 87,6 131 175 263 438 526 876
0,461 43,6 87,3 131 174 262 436 524 873
0,462 43,4 86,9 130 174 261 434 521 869
0,463 43,3 86,5 130 173 260 433 519 865
0,464 43,1 86,1 129 172 258 431 517 861
0,465 42,9 85,8 129 171 257 429 515 858
0,466 42,7 85,4 128 171 256 427 512 854
0,467 42,5 85,0 128 170 255 425 510 850
0,468 42,3 84,7 127 169 254 423 508 847
0,469 42,2 84,3 126 169 253 422 506 843
0,470 42,0 84,0 126 168 252 420 504 840
0,471 41,8 83,6 125 167 251 418 502 836
0,472 41,6 83,2 125 166 250 416 499 832
0,473 41,4 82,9 124 166 249 414 497 829
0,474 41,3 82,5 124 165 248 413 495 825
0,475 41,1 82,2 123 164 247 411 493 822
0,476 40,9 81,8 123 164 246 409 491 818
0,477 40,7 81,5 122 163 245 407 489 815
0,478 40,6 81,2 122 162 243 406 487 812
0,479 40,4 80,8 121 162 242 404 485 808
Page: 149
0,480 40,2 80,5 121 161 241 402 483 805
0,481 40,1 80,2 120 160 240 401 481 802
0,482 39,9 79,8 120 160 239 399 479 798
0,483 39,7 79,5 119 159 238 397 477 795
0,484 39,6 79,2 119 158 237 396 475 792
0,485 39,4 78,8 118 158 237 394 473 788

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,486 39,3 78,5 118 157 236 393 471 785

0,487 39,1 78,2 117 156 235 391 469 782
0,488 38,9 77,9 117 156 234 389 467 779
0,489 38,8 77,6 116 155 233 388 465 776
0,490 38,6 77,2 116 154 232 386 463 772
0,491 38,5 76,9 115 154 231 385 462 769
0,492 38,3 76,6 115 153 230 383 460 766
0,493 38,1 76,3 114 153 229 381 458 763
0,494 38,0 76,0 114 152 228 380 456 760
0,495 37,8 75,7 114 151 227 378 454 757
0,496 37,7 75,4 113 151 226 377 452 754
0,497 37,5 75,1 113 150 225 375 450 751
0,498 37,4 74,8 112 150 224 374 449 748
0,499 37,2 74,5 112 149 223 372 447 745
0,500 37,1 74,2 111 148 223 371 445 742
0,501 36,9 73,9 111 148 222 369 443 739
0,502 36,8 73,6 110 147 221 368 442 736
0,503 36,6 73,3 110 147 220 366 440 733
0,504 36,5 73,0 110 146 219 365 438 730
0,505 36,4 72,7 109 145 218 364 436 727
0,506 36,2 72,4 109 145 217 362 435 724
0,507 36,1 72,1 108 144 216 361 433 721
0,508 35,9 71,9 108 144 216 359 431 719
0,509 35,8 71,6 107 143 215 358 429 716
0,510 35,6 71,3 107 143 214 356 428 713
0,511 35,5 71,0 107 142 213 355 426 710
0,512 35,4 70,7 106 141 212 354 424 707
0,513 35,2 70,5 106 141 211 352 423 705
0,514 35,1 70,2 105 140 211 351 421 702
0,515 35,0 69,9 105 140 210 350 420 699
0,516 34,8 69,7 104 139 209 348 418 697
0,517 34,7 69,4 104 139 208 347 416 694
0,518 34,6 69,1 104 138 207 346 415 691
0,519 34,4 68,8 103 138 207 344 413 688
0,520 34,3 68,6 103 137 206 343 411 686
0,521 34,2 68,3 102 137 205 342 410 683
Page: 150
0,522 34,0 68,1 102 136 204 340 408 681
0,523 33,9 67,8 102 136 203 339 407 678
0,524 33,8 67,5 101 135 203 338 405 675
0,525 33,6 67,3 101 135 202 336 404 673
0,526 33,5 67,0 101 134 201 335 402 670
0,527 33,4 66,8 100 134 200 334 401 668
0,528 33,3 66,5 100 133 200 333 399 665

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,529 33,1 66,3 99,4 133 199 331 398 663

0,530 33,0 66,0 99,0 132 198 330 396 660
0,531 32,9 65,8 98,7 132 197 329 395 658
0,532 32,8 65,5 98,3 131 197 328 393 655
0,533 32,6 65,3 97,9 131 196 326 392 653
0,534 32,5 65,0 97,5 130 195 325 390 650
0,535 32,4 64,8 97,2 130 194 324 389 648
0,536 32,3 64,6 96,8 129 194 323 387 646
0,537 32,2 64,3 96,5 129 193 322 386 643
0,538 32,0 64,1 96,1 128 192 320 384 641
0,539 31,9 63,8 95,7 128 191 319 383 638
0,540 31,8 63,6 95,4 127 191 318 382 636
0,541 31,7 63,4 95,0 127 190 317 380 634
0,542 31,6 63,1 94,7 126 189 316 379 631
0,543 31,4 62,9 94,3 126 189 314 377 629
0,544 31,3 62,7 94,0 125 188 313 376 627
0,545 31,2 62,4 93,7 125 187 312 375 624
0,546 31,1 62,2 93,3 124 187 311 373 622
0,547 31,0 62,0 93,0 124 186 310 372 620
0,548 30,9 61,8 92,6 123 185 309 371 618
0,549 30,8 61,5 92,3 123 185 308 369 615
0,550 30,6 61,3 92,0 123 184 306 368 613
0,551 30,5 61,1 91,6 122 183 305 366 611
0,552 30,4 60,9 91,3 122 183 304 365 609
0,553 30,3 60,6 91,0 121 182 303 364 606
0,554 30,2 60,4 90,6 121 181 302 363 604
0,555 30,1 60,2 90,3 120 181 301 361 602
0,556 30,0 60,0 90,0 120 180 300 360 600
0,557 29,9 59,8 89,7 120 179 299 359 598
0,558 29,8 59,6 89,3 119 179 298 357 596
0,559 29,7 59,3 89,0 119 178 297 356 593
0,560 29,6 59,1 88,7 118 177 296 355 591
0,561 29,5 58,9 88,4 118 177 295 354 589
0,562 29,4 58,7 88,1 117 176 294 352 587
0,563 29,3 58,5 87,8 117 176 293 351 585
0,564 29,1 58,3 87,4 117 175 291 350 583
Page: 151
0,565 29,0 58,1 87,1 116 174 290 349 581
0,566 28,9 57,9 86,8 116 174 289 347 579
0,567 28,8 57,7 86,5 115 173 288 346 577
0,568 28,7 57,5 86,2 115 172 287 345 575
0,569 28,6 57,3 85,9 115 172 286 344 573
0,570 28,5 57,1 85,6 114 171 285 342 571
0,571 28,4 56,9 85,3 114 171 284 341 569

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,572 28,3 56,7 85,0 113 170 283 340 567

0,573 28,2 56,5 84,7 113 169 282 339 565
0,574 28,1 56,3 84,4 113 169 281 338 563
0,575 28,0 56,1 84,1 112 168 280 337 561
0,576 27,9 55,9 83,8 112 168 279 335 559
0,577 27,8 55,7 83,6 111 167 278 334 557
0,578 27,8 55,5 83,3 111 167 278 333 555
0,579 27,7 55,3 83,0 111 166 277 332 553
0,580 27,6 55,1 82,7 110 165 276 331 551
0,581 27,5 54,9 82,4 110 165 275 330 549
0,582 27,4 54,7 82,1 109 164 274 328 547
0,583 27,3 54,6 81,8 109 164 273 327 546
0,584 27,2 54,4 81,6 109 163 272 326 544
0,585 27,1 54,2 81,3 108 163 271 325 542
0,586 27,0 54,0 81,0 108 162 270 324 540
0,587 26,9 53,8 80,7 108 161 269 323 538
0,588 26,8 53,6 80,5 107 161 268 322 536
0,589 26,7 53,5 80,2 107 160 267 321 535
0,590 26,6 53,3 79,9 107 160 266 320 533
0,591 26,5 53,1 79,6 106 159 265 319 531
0,592 26,5 52,9 79,4 106 159 265 317 529
0,593 26,4 52,7 79,1 105 158 264 316 527
0,594 26,3 52,6 78,8 105 158 263 315 526
0,595 26,2 52,4 78,6 105 157 262 314 524
0,596 26,1 52,2 78,3 104 157 261 313 522
0,597 26,0 52,0 78,0 104 156 260 312 520
0,598 25,9 51,9 77,8 104 156 259 311 519
0,599 25,8 51,7 77,5 103 155 258 310 517
0,600 25,8 51,5 77,3 103 155 258 309 515
0,601 25,7 51,3 77,0 103 154 257 308 513
0,602 25,6 51,2 76,8 102 154 256 307 512
0,603 25,5 51,0 76,5 102 153 255 306 510
0,604 25,4 50,8 76,2 102 152 254 305 508
0,605 25,3 50,7 76,0 101 152 253 304 507
0,606 25,2 50,5 75,7 101 151 252 303 505
Page: 152
0,607 25,2 50,3 75,5 101 151 252 302 503
0,608 25,1 50,2 75,2 100 150 251 301 502
0,609 25,0 50,0 75,0 100 150 250 300 500
0,610 24,9 49,8 74,8 100 150 249 299 498
0,611 24,8 49,7 74,5 99,3 149 248 298 497
0,612 24,8 49,5 74,3 99,0 149 248 297 495
0,613 24,7 49,4 74,0 98,7 148 247 296 494
0,614 24,6 49,2 73,8 98,4 148 246 295 492

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,615 24,5 49,0 73,5 98,0 147 245 294 490

0,616 24,4 48,9 73,3 97,7 147 244 293 489
0,617 24,4 48,7 73,1 97,4 146 244 292 487
0,618 24,3 48,6 72,8 97,1 146 243 291 486
0,619 24,2 48,4 72,6 96,8 145 242 290 484
0,620 24,1 48,2 72,4 96,5 145 241 289 482
0,621 24,0 48,1 72,1 96,2 144 240 289 481
0,622 24,0 47,9 71,9 95,8 144 240 288 479
0,623 23,9 47,8 71,7 95,5 143 239 287 478
0,624 23,8 47,6 71,4 95,2 143 238 286 476
0,625 23,7 47,5 71,2 94,9 142 237 285 475
0,626 23,7 47,3 71,0 94,6 142 237 284 473
0,627 23,6 47,2 70,8 94,3 142 236 283 472
0,628 23,5 47,0 70,5 94,0 141 235 282 470
0,629 23,4 46,9 70,3 93,7 141 234 281 469
0,630 23,4 46,7 70,1 93,4 140 234 280 467
0,631 23,3 46,6 69,9 93,1 140 233 279 466
0,632 23,2 46,4 69,6 92,8 139 232 279 464
0,633 23,1 46,3 69,4 92,5 139 231 278 463
0,634 23,1 46,1 69,2 92,3 138 231 277 461
0,635 23,0 46,0 69,0 92,0 138 230 276 460
0,636 22,9 45,8 68,8 91,7 138 229 275 458
0,637 22,8 45,7 68,6 91,4 137 228 274 457
0,638 22,8 45,6 68,3 91,1 137 228 273 456
0,639 22,7 45,4 68,1 90,8 136 227 272 454
0,640 22,6 45,3 67,9 90,5 136 226 272 453
0,641 22,6 45,1 67,7 90,3 135 226 271 451
0,642 22,5 45,0 67,5 90,0 135 225 270 450
0,643 22,4 44,9 67,3 89,7 135 224 269 449
0,644 22,4 44,7 67,1 89,4 134 224 268 447
0,645 22,3 44,6 66,9 89,1 134 223 267 446
0,646 22,2 44,4 66,7 88,9 133 222 267 444
0,647 22,1 44,3 66,5 88,6 133 221 266 443
0,648 22,1 44,2 66,2 88,3 132 221 265 442
0,649 22,0 44,0 66,0 88,0 132 220 264 440
Page: 153
0,650 21,9 43,9 65,8 87,8 132 219 263 439
0,651 21,9 43,8 65,6 87,5 131 219 263 438
0,652 21,8 43,6 65,4 87,2 131 218 262 436
0,653 21,7 43,5 65,2 87,0 130 217 261 435
0,654 21,7 43,4 65,0 86,7 130 217 260 434
0,655 21,6 43,2 64,8 86,4 130 216 259 432
0,656 21,5 43,1 64,6 86,2 129 215 259 431
0,657 21,5 43,0 64,4 85,9 129 215 258 430

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,658 21,4 42,8 64,2 85,6 128 214 257 428

0,659 21,3 42,7 64,1 85,4 128 213 256 427
0,660 21,3 42,6 63,9 85,1 128 213 255 426
0,661 21,2 42,4 63,7 84,9 127 212 255 424
0,662 21,2 42,3 63,5 84,6 127 212 254 423
0,663 21,1 42,2 63,3 84,4 127 211 253 422
0,664 21,0 42,1 63,1 84,1 126 210 252 421
0,665 21,0 41,9 62,9 83,9 126 210 252 419
0,666 20,9 41,8 62,7 83,6 125 209 251 418
0,667 20,8 41,7 62,5 83,4 125 208 250 417
0,668 20,8 41,6 62,3 83,1 125 208 249 416
0,669 20,7 41,4 62,2 82,9 124 207 249 414
0,670 20,7 41,3 62,0 82,6 124 207 248 413
0,671 20,6 41,2 61,8 82,4 124 206 247 412
0,672 20,5 41,1 61,6 82,1 123 205 246 411
0,673 20,5 40,9 61,4 81,9 123 205 246 409
0,674 20,4 40,8 61,2 81,6 122 204 245 408
0,675 20,3 40,7 61,1 81,4 122 203 244 407
0,676 20,3 40,6 60,9 81,1 122 203 243 406
0,677 20,2 40,5 60,7 80,9 121 202 243 405
0,678 20,2 40,3 60,5 80,7 121 202 242 403
0,679 20,1 40,2 60,3 80,4 121 201 241 402
0,680 20,1 40,1 60,2 80,2 120 201 241 401
0,681 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 120 200 240 400
0,682 19,9 39,9 59,8 79,7 120 199 239 399
0,683 19,9 39,8 59,6 79,5 119 199 239 398
0,684 19,8 39,6 59,5 79,3 119 198 238 396
0,685 19,8 39,5 59,3 79,0 119 198 237 395
0,686 19,7 39,4 59,1 78,8 118 197 236 394
0,687 19,6 39,3 58,9 78,6 118 196 236 393
0,688 19,6 39,2 58,8 78,3 118 196 235 392
0,689 19,5 39,1 58,6 78,1 117 195 234 391
0,690 19,5 39,0 58,4 77,9 117 195 234 390
0,691 19,4 38,8 58,3 77,7 117 194 233 388
Page: 154
0,692 19,4 38,7 58,1 77,4 116 194 232 387
0,693 19,3 38,6 57,9 77,2 116 193 232 386
0,694 19,3 38,5 57,8 77,0 116 193 231 385
0,695 19,2 38,4 57,6 76,8 115 192 230 384
0,696 19,1 38,3 57,4 76,6 115 191 230 383
0,697 19,1 38,2 57,3 76,3 115 191 229 382
0,698 19,0 38,1 57,1 76,1 114 190 228 381
0,699 19,0 38,0 56,9 75,9 114 190 228 380
0,700 18,9 37,8 56,8 75,7 114 189 227 378

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,701 18,9 37,7 56,6 75,5 113 189 226 377

0,702 18,8 37,6 56,4 75,2 113 188 226 376
0,703 18,8 37,5 56,3 75,0 113 188 225 375
0,704 18,7 37,4 56,1 74,8 112 187 225 374
0,705 18,7 37,3 56,0 74,6 112 187 224 373
0,706 18,6 37,2 55,8 74,4 112 186 223 372
0,707 18,5 37,1 55,7 74,2 111 185 223 371
0,708 18,5 37,0 55,5 74,0 111 185 222 370
0,709 18,4 36,9 55,3 73,8 111 184 221 369
0,710 18,4 36,8 55,2 73,6 110 184 221 368
0,711 18,3 36,7 55,0 73,4 110 183 220 367
0,712 18,3 36,6 54,9 73,1 110 183 219 366
0,713 18,2 36,5 54,7 72,9 109 182 219 365
0,714 18,2 36,4 54,6 72,7 109 182 218 364
0,715 18,1 36,3 54,4 72,5 109 181 218 363
0,716 18,1 36,2 54,3 72,3 109 181 217 362
0,717 18,0 36,1 54,1 72,1 108 180 216 361
0,718 18,0 36,0 54,0 71,9 108 180 216 360
0,719 17,9 35,9 53,8 71,7 108 179 215 359
0,720 17,9 35,8 53,7 71,5 107 179 215 358
0,721 17,8 35,7 53,5 71,3 107 178 214 357
0,722 17,8 35,6 53,4 71,1 107 178 213 356
0,723 17,7 35,5 53,2 70,9 106 177 213 355
0,724 17,7 35,4 53,1 70,7 106 177 212 354
0,725 17,6 35,3 52,9 70,5 106 176 212 353
0,726 17,6 35,2 52,8 70,4 106 176 211 352
0,727 17,5 35,1 52,6 70,2 105 175 211 351
0,728 17,5 35,0 52,5 70,0 105 175 210 350
0,729 17,4 34,9 52,3 69,8 105 174 209 349
0,730 17,4 34,8 52,2 69,6 104 174 209 348
0,731 17,4 34,7 52,1 69,4 104 174 208 347
0,732 17,3 34,6 51,9 69,2 104 173 208 346
0,733 17,3 34,5 51,8 69,0 104 173 207 345
0,734 17,2 34,4 51,6 68,8 103 172 207 344
Page: 155
0,735 17,2 34,3 51,5 68,6 103 172 206 343
0,736 17,1 34,2 51,4 68,5 103 171 205 342
0,737 17,1 34,1 51,2 68,3 102 171 205 341
0,738 17,0 34,0 51,1 68,1 102 170 204 340
0,739 17,0 34,0 50,9 67,9 102 170 204 340
0,740 16,9 33,9 50,8 67,7 102 169 203 339
0,741 16,9 33,8 50,7 67,5 101 169 203 338
0,742 16,8 33,7 50,5 67,4 101 168 202 337
0,743 16,8 33,6 50,4 67,2 101 168 202 336

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,744 16,7 33,5 50,3 67,0 101 167 201 335

0,745 16,7 33,4 50,1 66,8 100 167 200 334
0,746 16,7 33,3 50,0 66,6 100 167 200 333
0,747 16,6 33,2 49,8 66,5 100 166 199 332
0,748 16,6 33,1 49,7 66,3 99,4 166 199 331
0,749 16,5 33,1 49,6 66,1 99,2 165 198 331
0,750 16,5 33,0 49,5 65,9 98,9 165 198 330
0,751 16,4 32,9 49,3 65,7 98,6 164 197 329
0,752 16,4 32,8 49,2 65,6 98,4 164 197 328
0,753 16,4 32,7 49,1 65,4 98,1 164 196 327
0,754 16,3 32,6 48,9 65,2 97,9 163 196 326
0,755 16,3 32,5 48,8 65,1 97,6 163 195 325
0,756 16,2 32,4 48,7 64,9 97,3 162 195 324
0,757 16,2 32,4 48,5 64,7 97,1 162 194 324
0,758 16,1 32,3 48,4 64,5 96,8 161 194 323
0,759 16,1 32,2 48,3 64,4 96,6 161 193 322
0,760 16,1 32,1 48,2 64,2 96,3 161 193 321
0,761 16,0 32,0 48,0 64,0 96,1 160 192 320
0,762 16,0 31,9 47,9 63,9 95,8 160 192 319
0,763 15,9 31,9 47,8 63,7 95,6 159 191 319
0,764 15,9 31,8 47,7 63,5 95,3 159 191 318
0,765 15,8 31,7 47,5 63,4 95,1 158 190 317
0,766 15,8 31,6 47,4 63,2 94,8 158 190 316
0,767 15,8 31,5 47,3 63,0 94,6 158 189 315
0,768 15,7 31,4 47,2 62,9 94,3 157 189 314
0,769 15,7 31,4 47,0 62,7 94,1 157 188 314
0,770 15,6 31,3 46,9 62,5 93,8 156 188 313
0,771 15,6 31,2 46,8 62,4 93,6 156 187 312
0,772 15,6 31,1 46,7 62,2 93,3 156 187 311
0,773 15,5 31,0 46,6 62,1 93,1 155 186 310
0,774 15,5 31,0 46,4 61,9 92,9 155 186 310
0,775 15,4 30,9 46,3 61,7 92,6 154 185 309
0,776 15,4 30,8 46,2 61,6 92,4 154 185 308
Page: 156
0,777 15,4 30,7 46,1 61,4 92,1 154 184 307
0,778 15,3 30,6 46,0 61,3 91,9 153 184 306
0,779 15,3 30,6 45,8 61,1 91,7 153 183 306
0,780 15,2 30,5 45,7 61,0 91,4 152 183 305
0,781 15,2 30,4 45,6 60,8 91,2 152 182 304
0,782 15,2 30,3 45,5 60,6 91,0 152 182 303
0,783 15,1 30,2 45,4 60,5 90,7 151 181 302
0,784 15,1 30,2 45,3 60,3 90,5 151 181 302
0,785 15,0 30,1 45,1 60,2 90,3 150 181 301
0,786 15,0 30,0 45,0 60,0 90,1 150 180 300

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,787 15,0 29,9 44,9 59,9 89,8 150 180 299

0,788 14,9 29,9 44,8 59,7 89,6 149 179 299
0,789 14,9 29,8 44,7 59,6 89,4 149 179 298
0,790 14,9 29,7 44,6 59,4 89,1 149 178 297
0,791 14,8 29,6 44,5 59,3 88,9 148 178 296
0,792 14,8 29,6 44,3 59,1 88,7 148 177 296
0,793 14,7 29,5 44,2 59,0 88,5 147 177 295
0,794 14,7 29,4 44,1 58,8 88,2 147 176 294
0,795 14,7 29,3 44,0 58,7 88,0 147 176 293
0,796 14,6 29,3 43,9 58,5 87,8 146 176 293
0,797 14,6 29,2 43,8 58,4 87,6 146 175 292
0,798 14,6 29,1 43,7 58,2 87,4 146 175 291
0,799 14,5 29,0 43,6 58,1 87,1 145 174 290
0,800 14,5 29,0 43,5 57,9 86,9 145 174 290
0,801 14,5 28,9 43,4 57,8 86,7 145 173 289
0,802 14,4 28,8 43,2 57,7 86,5 144 173 288
0,803 14,4 28,8 43,1 57,5 86,3 144 173 288
0,804 14,3 28,7 43,0 57,4 86,1 143 172 287
0,805 14,3 28,6 42,9 57,2 85,9 143 172 286
0,806 14,3 28,5 42,8 57,1 85,6 143 171 285
0,807 14,2 28,5 42,7 56,9 85,4 142 171 285
0,808 14,2 28,4 42,6 56,8 85,2 142 170 284
0,809 14,2 28,3 42,5 56,7 85,0 142 170 283
0,810 14,1 28,3 42,4 56,5 84,8 141 170 283
0,811 14,1 28,2 42,3 56,4 84,6 141 169 282
0,812 14,1 28,1 42,2 56,2 84,4 141 169 281
0,813 14,0 28,1 42,1 56,1 84,2 140 168 281
0,814 14,0 28,0 42,0 56,0 84,0 140 168 280
0,815 14,0 27,9 41,9 55,8 83,8 140 168 279
0,816 13,9 27,9 41,8 55,7 83,6 139 167 279
0,817 13,9 27,8 41,7 55,6 83,3 139 167 278
0,818 13,9 27,7 41,6 55,4 83,1 139 166 277
0,819 13,8 27,6 41,5 55,3 82,9 138 166 276
Page: 157
0,820 13,8 27,6 41,4 55,1 82,7 138 165 276
0,821 13,8 27,5 41,3 55,0 82,5 138 165 275
0,822 13,7 27,4 41,2 54,9 82,3 137 165 274
0,823 13,7 27,4 41,1 54,7 82,1 137 164 274
0,824 13,7 27,3 41,0 54,6 81,9 137 164 273
0,825 13,6 27,2 40,9 54,5 81,7 136 163 272
0,826 13,6 27,2 40,8 54,4 81,5 136 163 272
0,827 13,6 27,1 40,7 54,2 81,3 136 163 271
0,828 13,5 27,0 40,6 54,1 81,1 135 162 270
0,829 13,5 27,0 40,5 54,0 81,0 135 162 270

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,830 13,5 26,9 40,4 53,8 80,8 135 162 269

0,831 13,4 26,9 40,3 53,7 80,6 134 161 269
0,832 13,4 26,8 40,2 53,6 80,4 134 161 268
0,833 13,4 26,7 40,1 53,4 80,2 134 160 267
0,834 13,3 26,7 40,0 53,3 80,0 133 160 267
0,835 13,3 26,6 39,9 53,2 79,8 133 160 266
0,836 13,3 26,5 39,8 53,1 79,6 133 159 265
0,837 13,2 26,5 39,7 52,9 79,4 132 159 265
0,838 13,2 26,4 39,6 52,8 79,2 132 158 264
0,839 13,2 26,3 39,5 52,7 79,0 132 158 263
0,840 13,1 26,3 39,4 52,6 78,8 131 158 263
0,841 13,1 26,2 39,3 52,4 78,7 131 157 262
0,842 13,1 26,2 39,2 52,3 78,5 131 157 262
0,843 13,0 26,1 39,1 52,2 78,3 130 157 261
0,844 13,0 26,0 39,0 52,1 78,1 130 156 260
0,845 13,0 26,0 39,0 51,9 77,9 130 156 260
0,846 13,0 25,9 38,9 51,8 77,7 130 155 259
0,847 12,9 25,9 38,8 51,7 77,5 129 155 259
0,848 12,9 25,8 38,7 51,6 77,4 129 155 258
0,849 12,9 25,7 38,6 51,4 77,2 129 154 257
0,850 12,8 25,7 38,5 51,3 77,0 128 154 257
0,851 12,8 25,6 38,4 51,2 76,8 128 154 256
0,852 12,8 25,5 38,3 51,1 76,6 128 153 255
0,853 12,7 25,5 38,2 51,0 76,5 127 153 255
0,854 12,7 25,4 38,1 50,8 76,3 127 153 254
0,855 12,7 25,4 38,1 50,7 76,1 127 152 254
0,856 12,7 25,3 38,0 50,6 75,9 127 152 253
0,857 12,6 25,3 37,9 50,5 75,7 126 151 253
0,858 12,6 25,2 37,8 50,4 75,6 126 151 252
0,859 12,6 25,1 37,7 50,3 75,4 126 151 251
0,860 12,5 25,1 37,6 50,1 75,2 125 150 251
0,861 12,5 25,0 37,5 50,0 75,0 125 150 250
Page: 158
0,862 12,5 25,0 37,4 49,9 74,9 125 150 250
0,863 12,4 24,9 37,3 49,8 74,7 124 149 249
0,864 12,4 24,8 37,3 49,7 74,5 124 149 248
0,865 12,4 24,8 37,2 49,6 74,4 124 149 248
0,866 12,4 24,7 37,1 49,4 74,2 124 148 247
0,867 12,3 24,7 37,0 49,3 74,0 123 148 247
0,868 12,3 24,6 36,9 49,2 73,8 123 148 246
0,869 12,3 24,6 36,8 49,1 73,7 123 147 246
0,870 12,2 24,5 36,8 49,0 73,5 122 147 245
0,871 12,2 24,4 36,7 48,9 73,3 122 147 244
0,872 12,2 24,4 36,6 48,8 73,2 122 146 244

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,873 12,2 24,3 36,5 48,7 73,0 122 146 243

0,874 12,1 24,3 36,4 48,5 72,8 121 146 243
0,875 12,1 24,2 36,3 48,4 72,7 121 145 242
0,876 12,1 24,2 36,2 48,3 72,5 121 145 242
0,877 12,1 24,1 36,2 48,2 72,3 121 145 241
0,878 12,0 24,1 36,1 48,1 72,2 120 144 241
0,879 12,0 24,0 36,0 48,0 72,0 120 144 240
0,880 12,0 23,9 35,9 47,9 71,8 120 144 239
0,881 11,9 23,9 35,8 47,8 71,7 119 143 239
0,882 11,9 23,8 35,8 47,7 71,5 119 143 238
0,883 11,9 23,8 35,7 47,6 71,4 119 143 238
0,884 11,9 23,7 35,6 47,5 71,2 119 142 237
0,885 11,8 23,7 35,5 47,3 71,0 118 142 237
0,886 11,8 23,6 35,4 47,2 70,9 118 142 236
0,887 11,8 23,6 35,4 47,1 70,7 118 141 236
0,888 11,8 23,5 35,3 47,0 70,6 118 141 235
0,889 11,7 23,5 35,2 46,9 70,4 117 141 235
0,890 11,7 23,4 35,1 46,8 70,2 117 140 234
0,891 11,7 23,4 35,0 46,7 70,1 117 140 234
0,892 11,7 23,3 35,0 46,6 69,9 117 140 233
0,893 11,6 23,3 34,9 46,5 69,8 116 140 233
0,894 11,6 23,2 34,8 46,4 69,6 116 139 232
0,895 11,6 23,2 34,7 46,3 69,5 116 139 232
0,896 11,5 23,1 34,6 46,2 69,3 115 139 231
0,897 11,5 23,0 34,6 46,1 69,1 115 138 230
0,898 11,5 23,0 34,5 46,0 69,0 115 138 230
0,899 11,5 22,9 34,4 45,9 68,8 115 138 229
0,900 11,4 22,9 34,3 45,8 68,7 114 137 229
0,901 11,4 22,8 34,3 45,7 68,5 114 137 228
0,902 11,4 22,8 34,2 45,6 68,4 114 137 228
0,903 11,4 22,7 34,1 45,5 68,2 114 136 227
0,904 11,3 22,7 34,0 45,4 68,1 113 136 227
Page: 159
0,905 11,3 22,6 34,0 45,3 67,9 113 136 226
0,906 11,3 22,6 33,9 45,2 67,8 113 136 226
0,907 11,3 22,5 33,8 45,1 67,6 113 135 225
0,908 11,2 22,5 33,7 45,0 67,5 112 135 225
0,909 11,2 22,4 33,7 44,9 67,3 112 135 224
0,910 11,2 22,4 33,6 44,8 67,2 112 134 224
0,911 11,2 22,3 33,5 44,7 67,0 112 134 223
0,912 11,1 22,3 33,4 44,6 66,9 111 134 223
0,913 11,1 22,2 33,4 44,5 66,7 111 133 222
0,914 11,1 22,2 33,3 44,4 66,6 111 133 222
0,915 11,1 22,2 33,2 44,3 66,4 111 133 222

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,916 11,1 22,1 33,2 44,2 66,3 111 133 221

0,917 11,0 22,1 33,1 44,1 66,2 110 132 221
0,918 11,0 22,0 33,0 44,0 66,0 110 132 220
0,919 11,0 22,0 32,9 43,9 65,9 110 132 220
0,920 11,0 21,9 32,9 43,8 65,7 110 131 219
0,921 10,9 21,9 32,8 43,7 65,6 109 131 219
0,922 10,9 21,8 32,7 43,6 65,4 109 131 218
0,923 10,9 21,8 32,7 43,5 65,3 109 131 218
0,924 10,9 21,7 32,6 43,4 65,2 109 130 217
0,925 10,8 21,7 32,5 43,3 65,0 108 130 217
0,926 10,8 21,6 32,4 43,2 64,9 108 130 216
0,927 10,8 21,6 32,4 43,2 64,7 108 129 216
0,928 10,8 21,5 32,3 43,1 64,6 108 129 215
0,929 10,7 21,5 32,2 43,0 64,5 107 129 215
0,930 10,7 21,4 32,2 42,9 64,3 107 129 214
0,931 10,7 21,4 32,1 42,8 64,2 107 128 214
0,932 10,7 21,3 32,0 42,7 64,0 107 128 213
0,933 10,7 21,3 32,0 42,6 63,9 107 128 213
0,934 10,6 21,3 31,9 42,5 63,8 106 128 213
0,935 10,6 21,2 31,8 42,4 63,6 106 127 212
0,936 10,6 21,2 31,8 42,3 63,5 106 127 212
0,937 10,6 21,1 31,7 42,2 63,4 106 127 211
0,938 10,5 21,1 31,6 42,1 63,2 105 126 211
0,939 10,5 21,0 31,5 42,1 63,1 105 126 210
0,940 10,5 21,0 31,5 42,0 63,0 105 126 210
0,941 10,5 20,9 31,4 41,9 62,8 105 126 209
0,942 10,4 20,9 31,3 41,8 62,7 104 125 209
0,943 10,4 20,9 31,3 41,7 62,6 104 125 209
0,944 10,4 20,8 31,2 41,6 62,4 104 125 208
0,945 10,4 20,8 31,1 41,5 62,3 104 125 208
0,946 10,4 20,7 31,1 41,4 62,2 104 124 207
Page: 160
0,947 10,3 20,7 31,0 41,3 62,0 103 124 207
0,948 10,3 20,6 31,0 41,3 61,9 103 124 206
0,949 10,3 20,6 30,9 41,2 61,8 103 124 206
0,950 10,3 20,5 30,8 41,1 61,6 103 123 205
0,951 10,3 20,5 30,8 41,0 61,5 103 123 205
0,952 10,2 20,5 30,7 40,9 61,4 102 123 205
0,953 10,2 20,4 30,6 40,8 61,3 102 123 204
0,954 10,2 20,4 30,6 40,7 61,1 102 122 204
0,955 10,2 20,3 30,5 40,7 61,0 102 122 203
0,956 10,1 20,3 30,4 40,6 60,9 101 122 203
0,957 10,1 20,2 30,4 40,5 60,7 101 121 202
0,958 10,1 20,2 30,3 40,4 60,6 101 121 202

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
0,959 10,1 20,2 30,2 40,3 60,5 101 121 202

0,960 10,1 20,1 30,2 40,2 60,4 101 121 201
0,961 10,0 20,1 30,1 40,2 60,2 100 120 201
0,962 10,0 20,0 30,1 40,1 60,1 100 120 200
0,963 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 60,0 100 120 200
0,964 10,0 20,0 29,9 39,9 59,9 100 120 200
0,965 10,0 19,9 29,9 39,8 59,7 100 119 199
0,966 9,94 19,9 29,8 39,7 59,6 99,4 119 199
0,967 9,92 19,8 29,7 39,7 59,5 99,2 119 198
0,968 9,89 19,8 29,7 39,6 59,4 98,9 119 198
0,969 9,87 19,8 29,6 39,5 59,2 98,7 118 198
0,970 9,85 19,7 29,6 39,4 59,1 98,5 118 197
0,971 9,83 19,7 29,5 39,3 59,0 98,3 118 197
0,972 9,81 19,6 29,4 39,2 58,9 98,1 118 196
0,973 9,79 19,6 29,4 39,2 58,8 97,9 118 196
0,974 9,77 19,5 29,3 39,1 58,6 97,7 117 195
0,975 9,75 19,5 29,3 39,0 58,5 97,5 117 195
0,976 9,73 19,5 29,2 38,9 58,4 97,3 117 195
0,977 9,71 19,4 29,1 38,8 58,3 97,1 117 194
0,978 9,69 19,4 29,1 38,8 58,2 96,9 116 194
0,979 9,67 19,3 29,0 38,7 58,0 96,7 116 193
0,980 9,65 19,3 29,0 38,6 57,9 96,5 116 193
0,981 9,63 19,3 28,9 38,5 57,8 96,3 116 193
0,982 9,61 19,2 28,8 38,5 57,7 96,1 115 192
0,983 9,60 19,2 28,8 38,4 57,6 96,0 115 192
0,984 9,58 19,2 28,7 38,3 57,5 95,8 115 192
0,985 9,56 19,1 28,7 38,2 57,3 95,6 115 191
0,986 9,54 19,1 28,6 38,1 57,2 95,4 114 191
0,987 9,52 19,0 28,6 38,1 57,1 95,2 114 190
0,988 9,50 19,0 28,5 38,0 57,0 95,0 114 190
0,989 9,48 19,0 28,4 37,9 56,9 94,8 114 190
Page: 161
0,990 9,46 18,9 28,4 37,8 56,8 94,6 114 189
0,991 9,44 18,9 28,3 37,8 56,6 94,4 113 189
0,992 9,42 18,8 28,3 37,7 56,5 94,2 113 188
0,993 9,40 18,8 28,2 37,6 56,4 94,0 113 188
0,994 9,38 18,8 28,2 37,5 56,3 93,8 113 188
0,995 9,36 18,7 28,1 37,5 56,2 93,6 112 187
0,996 9,35 18,7 28,0 37,4 56,1 93,5 112 187
0,997 9,33 18,7 28,0 37,3 56,0 93,3 112 187
0,998 9,31 18,6 27,9 37,2 55,9 93,1 112 186
0,999 9,29 18,6 27,9 37,2 55,7 92,9 111 186
1,000 9,27 18,5 27,8 37,1 55,6 92,7 111 185
1,001 9,25 18,5 27,8 37,0 55,5 92,5 111 185

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,002 9,23 18,5 27,7 36,9 55,4 92,3 111 185

1,003 9,22 18,4 27,7 36,9 55,3 92,2 111 184
1,004 9,20 18,4 27,6 36,8 55,2 92,0 110 184
1,005 9,18 18,4 27,5 36,7 55,1 91,8 110 184
1,006 9,16 18,3 27,5 36,6 55,0 91,6 110 183
1,007 9,14 18,3 27,4 36,6 54,9 91,4 110 183
1,008 9,12 18,3 27,4 36,5 54,8 91,2 110 183
1,009 9,11 18,2 27,3 36,4 54,6 91,1 109 182
1,010 9,09 18,2 27,3 36,4 54,5 90,9 109 182
1,011 9,07 18,1 27,2 36,3 54,4 90,7 109 181
1,012 9,05 18,1 27,2 36,2 54,3 90,5 109 181
1,013 9,04 18,1 27,1 36,1 54,2 90,4 108 181
1,014 9,02 18,0 27,1 36,1 54,1 90,2 108 180
1,015 9,00 18,0 27,0 36,0 54,0 90,0 108 180
1,016 8,98 18,0 26,9 35,9 53,9 89,8 108 180
1,017 8,96 17,9 26,9 35,9 53,8 89,6 108 179
1,018 8,95 17,9 26,8 35,8 53,7 89,5 107 179
1,019 8,93 17,9 26,8 35,7 53,6 89,3 107 179
1,020 8,91 17,8 26,7 35,6 53,5 89,1 107 178
1,021 8,89 17,8 26,7 35,6 53,4 88,9 107 178
1,022 8,88 17,8 26,6 35,5 53,3 88,8 107 178
1,023 8,86 17,7 26,6 35,4 53,2 88,6 106 177
1,024 8,84 17,7 26,5 35,4 53,1 88,4 106 177
1,025 8,82 17,7 26,5 35,3 53,0 88,2 106 177
1,026 8,81 17,6 26,4 35,2 52,8 88,1 106 176
1,027 8,79 17,6 26,4 35,2 52,7 87,9 105 176
1,028 8,77 17,5 26,3 35,1 52,6 87,7 105 175
1,029 8,76 17,5 26,3 35,0 52,5 87,6 105 175
1,030 8,74 17,5 26,2 35,0 52,4 87,4 105 175
1,031 8,72 17,4 26,2 34,9 52,3 87,2 105 174
Page: 162
1,032 8,71 17,4 26,1 34,8 52,2 87,1 104 174
1,033 8,69 17,4 26,1 34,8 52,1 86,9 104 174
1,034 8,67 17,3 26,0 34,7 52,0 86,7 104 173
1,035 8,66 17,3 26,0 34,6 51,9 86,6 104 173
1,036 8,64 17,3 25,9 34,6 51,8 86,4 104 173
1,037 8,62 17,2 25,9 34,5 51,7 86,2 103 172
1,038 8,61 17,2 25,8 34,4 51,6 86,1 103 172
1,039 8,59 17,2 25,8 34,4 51,5 85,9 103 172
1,040 8,57 17,1 25,7 34,3 51,4 85,7 103 171
1,041 8,56 17,1 25,7 34,2 51,3 85,6 103 171
1,042 8,54 17,1 25,6 34,2 51,2 85,4 102 171
1,043 8,52 17,0 25,6 34,1 51,1 85,2 102 170
1,044 8,51 17,0 25,5 34,0 51,0 85,1 102 170

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,045 8,49 17,0 25,5 34,0 50,9 84,9 102 170

1,046 8,47 16,9 25,4 33,9 50,8 84,7 102 169
1,047 8,46 16,9 25,4 33,8 50,8 84,6 102 169
1,048 8,44 16,9 25,3 33,8 50,7 84,4 101 169
1,049 8,43 16,9 25,3 33,7 50,6 84,3 101 169
1,050 8,41 16,8 25,2 33,6 50,5 84,1 101 168
1,051 8,39 16,8 25,2 33,6 50,4 83,9 101 168
1,052 8,38 16,8 25,1 33,5 50,3 83,8 101 168
1,053 8,36 16,7 25,1 33,4 50,2 83,6 100 167
1,054 8,35 16,7 25,0 33,4 50,1 83,5 100 167
1,055 8,33 16,7 25,0 33,3 50,0 83,3 100 167
1,056 8,31 16,6 24,9 33,3 49,9 83,1 100 166
1,057 8,30 16,6 24,9 33,2 49,8 83,0 100 166
1,058 8,28 16,6 24,9 33,1 49,7 82,8 99,4 166
1,059 8,27 16,5 24,8 33,1 49,6 82,7 99,2 165
1,060 8,25 16,5 24,8 33,0 49,5 82,5 99,0 165
1,061 8,24 16,5 24,7 32,9 49,4 82,4 98,8 165
1,062 8,22 16,4 24,7 32,9 49,3 82,2 98,7 164
1,063 8,21 16,4 24,6 32,8 49,2 82,1 98,5 164
1,064 8,19 16,4 24,6 32,8 49,1 81,9 98,3 164
1,065 8,17 16,4 24,5 32,7 49,0 81,7 98,1 164
1,066 8,16 16,3 24,5 32,6 49,0 81,6 97,9 163
1,067 8,14 16,3 24,4 32,6 48,9 81,4 97,7 163
1,068 8,13 16,3 24,4 32,5 48,8 81,3 97,5 163
1,069 8,11 16,2 24,3 32,4 48,7 81,1 97,4 162
1,070 8,10 16,2 24,3 32,4 48,6 81,0 97,2 162
1,071 8,08 16,2 24,3 32,3 48,5 80,8 97,0 162
1,072 8,07 16,1 24,2 32,3 48,4 80,7 96,8 161
1,073 8,05 16,1 24,2 32,2 48,3 80,5 96,6 161
1,074 8,04 16,1 24,1 32,1 48,2 80,4 96,5 161
Page: 163
1,075 8,02 16,0 24,1 32,1 48,1 80,2 96,3 160
1,076 8,01 16,0 24,0 32,0 48,1 80,1 96,1 160
1,077 7,99 16,0 24,0 32,0 48,0 79,9 95,9 160
1,078 7,98 16,0 23,9 31,9 47,9 79,8 95,7 160
1,079 7,96 15,9 23,9 31,9 47,8 79,6 95,6 159
1,080 7,95 15,9 23,8 31,8 47,7 79,5 95,4 159
1,081 7,93 15,9 23,8 31,7 47,6 79,3 95,2 159
1,082 7,92 15,8 23,8 31,7 47,5 79,2 95,0 158
1,083 7,90 15,8 23,7 31,6 47,4 79,0 94,9 158
1,084 7,89 15,8 23,7 31,6 47,3 78,9 94,7 158
1,085 7,88 15,8 23,6 31,5 47,3 78,8 94,5 158
1,086 7,86 15,7 23,6 31,4 47,2 78,6 94,3 157
1,087 7,85 15,7 23,5 31,4 47,1 78,5 94,2 157

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,088 7,83 15,7 23,5 31,3 47,0 78,3 94,0 157

1,089 7,82 15,6 23,5 31,3 46,9 78,2 93,8 156
1,090 7,80 15,6 23,4 31,2 46,8 78,0 93,7 156
1,091 7,79 15,6 23,4 31,2 46,7 77,9 93,5 156
1,092 7,78 15,6 23,3 31,1 46,7 77,8 93,3 156
1,093 7,76 15,5 23,3 31,0 46,6 77,6 93,1 155
1,094 7,75 15,5 23,2 31,0 46,5 77,5 93,0 155
1,095 7,73 15,5 23,2 30,9 46,4 77,3 92,8 155
1,096 7,72 15,4 23,2 30,9 46,3 77,2 92,6 154
1,097 7,70 15,4 23,1 30,8 46,2 77,0 92,5 154
1,098 7,69 15,4 23,1 30,8 46,1 76,9 92,3 154
1,099 7,68 15,4 23,0 30,7 46,1 76,8 92,1 154
1,100 7,66 15,3 23,0 30,6 46,0 76,6 92,0 153
1,101 7,65 15,3 22,9 30,6 45,9 76,5 91,8 153
1,102 7,63 15,3 22,9 30,5 45,8 76,3 91,6 153
1,103 7,62 15,2 22,9 30,5 45,7 76,2 91,5 152
1,104 7,61 15,2 22,8 30,4 45,6 76,1 91,3 152
1,105 7,59 15,2 22,8 30,4 45,6 75,9 91,1 152
1,106 7,58 15,2 22,7 30,3 45,5 75,8 91,0 152
1,107 7,57 15,1 22,7 30,3 45,4 75,7 90,8 151
1,108 7,55 15,1 22,7 30,2 45,3 75,5 90,6 151
1,109 7,54 15,1 22,6 30,2 45,2 75,4 90,5 151
1,110 7,53 15,1 22,6 30,1 45,2 75,3 90,3 151
1,111 7,51 15,0 22,5 30,0 45,1 75,1 90,1 150
1,112 7,50 15,0 22,5 30,0 45,0 75,0 90,0 150
1,113 7,48 15,0 22,5 29,9 44,9 74,8 89,8 150
1,114 7,47 14,9 22,4 29,9 44,8 74,7 89,7 149
1,115 7,46 14,9 22,4 29,8 44,7 74,6 89,5 149
1,116 7,44 14,9 22,3 29,8 44,7 74,4 89,3 149
Page: 164
1,117 7,43 14,9 22,3 29,7 44,6 74,3 89,2 149
1,118 7,42 14,8 22,3 29,7 44,5 74,2 89,0 148
1,119 7,40 14,8 22,2 29,6 44,4 74,0 88,9 148
1,120 7,39 14,8 22,2 29,6 44,4 73,9 88,7 148
1,121 7,38 14,8 22,1 29,5 44,3 73,8 88,5 148
1,122 7,36 14,7 22,1 29,5 44,2 73,6 88,4 147
1,123 7,35 14,7 22,1 29,4 44,1 73,5 88,2 147
1,124 7,34 14,7 22,0 29,4 44,0 73,4 88,1 147
1,125 7,33 14,7 22,0 29,3 44,0 73,3 87,9 147
1,126 7,31 14,6 21,9 29,2 43,9 73,1 87,8 146
1,127 7,30 14,6 21,9 29,2 43,8 73,0 87,6 146
1,128 7,29 14,6 21,9 29,1 43,7 72,9 87,4 146
1,129 7,27 14,5 21,8 29,1 43,6 72,7 87,3 145
1,130 7,26 14,5 21,8 29,0 43,6 72,6 87,1 145

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,131 7,25 14,5 21,7 29,0 43,5 72,5 87,0 145

1,132 7,24 14,5 21,7 28,9 43,4 72,4 86,8 145
1,133 7,22 14,4 21,7 28,9 43,3 72,2 86,7 144
1,134 7,21 14,4 21,6 28,8 43,3 72,1 86,5 144
1,135 7,20 14,4 21,6 28,8 43,2 72,0 86,4 144
1,136 7,18 14,4 21,6 28,7 43,1 71,8 86,2 144
1,137 7,17 14,3 21,5 28,7 43,0 71,7 86,1 143
1,138 7,16 14,3 21,5 28,6 43,0 71,6 85,9 143
1,139 7,15 14,3 21,4 28,6 42,9 71,5 85,8 143
1,140 7,13 14,3 21,4 28,5 42,8 71,3 85,6 143
1,141 7,12 14,2 21,4 28,5 42,7 71,2 85,5 142
1,142 7,11 14,2 21,3 28,4 42,7 71,1 85,3 142
1,143 7,10 14,2 21,3 28,4 42,6 71,0 85,2 142
1,144 7,08 14,2 21,3 28,3 42,5 70,8 85,0 142
1,145 7,07 14,1 21,2 28,3 42,4 70,7 84,9 141
1,146 7,06 14,1 21,2 28,2 42,4 70,6 84,7 141
1,147 7,05 14,1 21,1 28,2 42,3 70,5 84,6 141
1,148 7,04 14,1 21,1 28,1 42,2 70,4 84,4 141
1,149 7,02 14,0 21,1 28,1 42,1 70,2 84,3 140
1,150 7,01 14,0 21,0 28,0 42,1 70,1 84,1 140
1,151 7,00 14,0 21,0 28,0 42,0 70,0 84,0 140
1,152 6,99 14,0 21,0 27,9 41,9 69,9 83,8 140
1,153 6,97 13,9 20,9 27,9 41,8 69,7 83,7 139
1,154 6,96 13,9 20,9 27,8 41,8 69,6 83,6 139
1,155 6,95 13,9 20,9 27,8 41,7 69,5 83,4 139
1,156 6,94 13,9 20,8 27,7 41,6 69,4 83,3 139
1,157 6,93 13,9 20,8 27,7 41,6 69,3 83,1 139
1,158 6,91 13,8 20,7 27,7 41,5 69,1 83,0 138
1,159 6,90 13,8 20,7 27,6 41,4 69,0 82,8 138
Page: 165
1,160 6,89 13,8 20,7 27,6 41,3 68,9 82,7 138
1,161 6,88 13,8 20,6 27,5 41,3 68,8 82,5 138
1,162 6,87 13,7 20,6 27,5 41,2 68,7 82,4 137
1,163 6,85 13,7 20,6 27,4 41,1 68,5 82,3 137
1,164 6,84 13,7 20,5 27,4 41,1 68,4 82,1 137
1,165 6,83 13,7 20,5 27,3 41,0 68,3 82,0 137
1,166 6,82 13,6 20,5 27,3 40,9 68,2 81,8 136
1,167 6,81 13,6 20,4 27,2 40,9 68,1 81,7 136
1,168 6,80 13,6 20,4 27,2 40,8 68,0 81,6 136
1,169 6,78 13,6 20,4 27,1 40,7 67,8 81,4 136
1,170 6,77 13,5 20,3 27,1 40,6 67,7 81,3 135
1,171 6,76 13,5 20,3 27,0 40,6 67,6 81,1 135
1,172 6,75 13,5 20,3 27,0 40,5 67,5 81,0 135
1,173 6,74 13,5 20,2 27,0 40,4 67,4 80,9 135

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,174 6,73 13,5 20,2 26,9 40,4 67,3 80,7 135

1,175 6,72 13,4 20,1 26,9 40,3 67,2 80,6 134
1,176 6,70 13,4 20,1 26,8 40,2 67,0 80,5 134
1,177 6,69 13,4 20,1 26,8 40,2 66,9 80,3 134
1,178 6,68 13,4 20,0 26,7 40,1 66,8 80,2 134
1,179 6,67 13,3 20,0 26,7 40,0 66,7 80,0 133
1,180 6,66 13,3 20,0 26,6 40,0 66,6 79,9 133
1,181 6,65 13,3 19,9 26,6 39,9 66,5 79,8 133
1,182 6,64 13,3 19,9 26,5 39,8 66,4 79,6 133
1,183 6,62 13,3 19,9 26,5 39,8 66,2 79,5 133
1,184 6,61 13,2 19,8 26,5 39,7 66,1 79,4 132
1,185 6,60 13,2 19,8 26,4 39,6 66,0 79,2 132
1,186 6,59 13,2 19,8 26,4 39,6 65,9 79,1 132
1,187 6,58 13,2 19,7 26,3 39,5 65,8 79,0 132
1,188 6,57 13,1 19,7 26,3 39,4 65,7 78,8 131
1,189 6,56 13,1 19,7 26,2 39,4 65,6 78,7 131
1,190 6,55 13,1 19,6 26,2 39,3 65,5 78,6 131
1,191 6,54 13,1 19,6 26,1 39,2 65,4 78,4 131
1,192 6,53 13,1 19,6 26,1 39,2 65,3 78,3 131
1,193 6,51 13,0 19,5 26,1 39,1 65,1 78,2 130
1,194 6,50 13,0 19,5 26,0 39,0 65,0 78,0 130
1,195 6,49 13,0 19,5 26,0 39,0 64,9 77,9 130
1,196 6,48 13,0 19,4 25,9 38,9 64,8 77,8 130
1,197 6,47 12,9 19,4 25,9 38,8 64,7 77,7 129
1,198 6,46 12,9 19,4 25,8 38,8 64,6 77,5 129
1,199 6,45 12,9 19,3 25,8 38,7 64,5 77,4 129
1,200 6,44 12,9 19,3 25,8 38,6 64,4 77,3 129
1,201 6,43 12,9 19,3 25,7 38,6 64,3 77,1 129
Page: 166
1,202 6,42 12,8 19,3 25,7 38,5 64,2 77,0 128
1,203 6,41 12,8 19,2 25,6 38,4 64,1 76,9 128
1,204 6,40 12,8 19,2 25,6 38,4 64,0 76,8 128
1,205 6,39 12,8 19,2 25,5 38,3 63,9 76,6 128
1,206 6,37 12,8 19,1 25,5 38,3 63,7 76,5 128
1,207 6,36 12,7 19,1 25,5 38,2 63,6 76,4 127
1,208 6,35 12,7 19,1 25,4 38,1 63,5 76,2 127
1,209 6,34 12,7 19,0 25,4 38,1 63,4 76,1 127
1,210 6,33 12,7 19,0 25,3 38,0 63,3 76,0 127
1,211 6,32 12,6 19,0 25,3 37,9 63,2 75,9 126
1,212 6,31 12,6 18,9 25,2 37,9 63,1 75,7 126
1,213 6,30 12,6 18,9 25,2 37,8 63,0 75,6 126
1,214 6,29 12,6 18,9 25,2 37,7 62,9 75,5 126
1,215 6,28 12,6 18,8 25,1 37,7 62,8 75,4 126
1,216 6,27 12,5 18,8 25,1 37,6 62,7 75,2 125

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,217 6,26 12,5 18,8 25,0 37,6 62,6 75,1 125

1,218 6,25 12,5 18,8 25,0 37,5 62,5 75,0 125
1,219 6,24 12,5 18,7 25,0 37,4 62,4 74,9 125
1,220 6,23 12,5 18,7 24,9 37,4 62,3 74,8 125
1,221 6,22 12,4 18,7 24,9 37,3 62,2 74,6 124
1,222 6,21 12,4 18,6 24,8 37,3 62,1 74,5 124
1,223 6,20 12,4 18,6 24,8 37,2 62,0 74,4 124
1,224 6,19 12,4 18,6 24,8 37,1 61,9 74,3 124
1,225 6,18 12,4 18,5 24,7 37,1 61,8 74,1 124
1,226 6,17 12,3 18,5 24,7 37,0 61,7 74,0 123
1,227 6,16 12,3 18,5 24,6 37,0 61,6 73,9 123
1,228 6,15 12,3 18,4 24,6 36,9 61,5 73,8 123
1,229 6,14 12,3 18,4 24,6 36,8 61,4 73,7 123
1,230 6,13 12,3 18,4 24,5 36,8 61,3 73,5 123
1,231 6,12 12,2 18,4 24,5 36,7 61,2 73,4 122
1,232 6,11 12,2 18,3 24,4 36,7 61,1 73,3 122
1,233 6,10 12,2 18,3 24,4 36,6 61,0 73,2 122
1,234 6,09 12,2 18,3 24,4 36,5 60,9 73,1 122
1,235 6,08 12,2 18,2 24,3 36,5 60,8 73,0 122
1,236 6,07 12,1 18,2 24,3 36,4 60,7 72,8 121
1,237 6,06 12,1 18,2 24,2 36,4 60,6 72,7 121
1,238 6,05 12,1 18,1 24,2 36,3 60,5 72,6 121
1,239 6,04 12,1 18,1 24,2 36,2 60,4 72,5 121
1,240 6,03 12,1 18,1 24,1 36,2 60,3 72,4 121
1,241 6,02 12,0 18,1 24,1 36,1 60,2 72,2 120
1,242 6,01 12,0 18,0 24,0 36,1 60,1 72,1 120
1,243 6,00 12,0 18,0 24,0 36,0 60,0 72,0 120
1,244 5,99 12,0 18,0 24,0 35,9 59,9 71,9 120
Page: 167
1,245 5,98 12,0 17,9 23,9 35,9 59,8 71,8 120
1,246 5,97 11,9 17,9 23,9 35,8 59,7 71,7 119
1,247 5,96 11,9 17,9 23,8 35,8 59,6 71,6 119
1,248 5,95 11,9 17,9 23,8 35,7 59,5 71,4 119
1,249 5,94 11,9 17,8 23,8 35,7 59,4 71,3 119
1,250 5,93 11,9 17,8 23,7 35,6 59,3 71,2 119
1,251 5,92 11,8 17,8 23,7 35,5 59,2 71,1 118
1,252 5,91 11,8 17,7 23,7 35,5 59,1 71,0 118
1,253 5,91 11,8 17,7 23,6 35,4 59,1 70,9 118
1,254 5,90 11,8 17,7 23,6 35,4 59,0 70,8 118
1,255 5,89 11,8 17,7 23,5 35,3 58,9 70,6 118
1,256 5,88 11,8 17,6 23,5 35,3 58,8 70,5 118
1,257 5,87 11,7 17,6 23,5 35,2 58,7 70,4 117
1,258 5,86 11,7 17,6 23,4 35,2 58,6 70,3 117
1,259 5,85 11,7 17,5 23,4 35,1 58,5 70,2 117

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,260 5,84 11,7 17,5 23,4 35,0 58,4 70,1 117

1,261 5,83 11,7 17,5 23,3 35,0 58,3 70,0 117
1,262 5,82 11,6 17,5 23,3 34,9 58,2 69,9 116
1,263 5,81 11,6 17,4 23,2 34,9 58,1 69,8 116
1,264 5,80 11,6 17,4 23,2 34,8 58,0 69,6 116
1,265 5,79 11,6 17,4 23,2 34,8 57,9 69,5 116
1,266 5,78 11,6 17,4 23,1 34,7 57,8 69,4 116
1,267 5,78 11,6 17,3 23,1 34,7 57,8 69,3 116
1,268 5,77 11,5 17,3 23,1 34,6 57,7 69,2 115
1,269 5,76 11,5 17,3 23,0 34,5 57,6 69,1 115
1,270 5,75 11,5 17,2 23,0 34,5 57,5 69,0 115
1,271 5,74 11,5 17,2 23,0 34,4 57,4 68,9 115
1,272 5,73 11,5 17,2 22,9 34,4 57,3 68,8 115
1,273 5,72 11,4 17,2 22,9 34,3 57,2 68,7 114
1,274 5,71 11,4 17,1 22,8 34,3 57,1 68,6 114
1,275 5,70 11,4 17,1 22,8 34,2 57,0 68,4 114
1,276 5,69 11,4 17,1 22,8 34,2 56,9 68,3 114
1,277 5,69 11,4 17,1 22,7 34,1 56,9 68,2 114
1,278 5,68 11,4 17,0 22,7 34,1 56,8 68,1 114
1,279 5,67 11,3 17,0 22,7 34,0 56,7 68,0 113
1,280 5,66 11,3 17,0 22,6 34,0 56,6 67,9 113
1,281 5,65 11,3 17,0 22,6 33,9 56,5 67,8 113
1,282 5,64 11,3 16,9 22,6 33,8 56,4 67,7 113
1,283 5,63 11,3 16,9 22,5 33,8 56,3 67,6 113
1,284 5,62 11,2 16,9 22,5 33,7 56,2 67,5 112
1,285 5,61 11,2 16,8 22,5 33,7 56,1 67,4 112
1,286 5,61 11,2 16,8 22,4 33,6 56,1 67,3 112
Page: 168
1,287 5,60 11,2 16,8 22,4 33,6 56,0 67,2 112
1,288 5,59 11,2 16,8 22,4 33,5 55,9 67,1 112
1,289 5,58 11,2 16,7 22,3 33,5 55,8 67,0 112
1,290 5,57 11,1 16,7 22,3 33,4 55,7 66,9 111
1,291 5,56 11,1 16,7 22,2 33,4 55,6 66,8 111
1,292 5,55 11,1 16,7 22,2 33,3 55,5 66,7 111
1,293 5,55 11,1 16,6 22,2 33,3 55,5 66,6 111
1,294 5,54 11,1 16,6 22,1 33,2 55,4 66,5 111
1,295 5,53 11,1 16,6 22,1 33,2 55,3 66,3 111
1,296 5,52 11,0 16,6 22,1 33,1 55,2 66,2 110
1,297 5,51 11,0 16,5 22,0 33,1 55,1 66,1 110
1,298 5,50 11,0 16,5 22,0 33,0 55,0 66,0 110
1,299 5,49 11,0 16,5 22,0 33,0 54,9 65,9 110
1,300 5,49 11,0 16,5 21,9 32,9 54,9 65,8 110
1,301 5,48 11,0 16,4 21,9 32,9 54,8 65,7 110
1,302 5,47 10,9 16,4 21,9 32,8 54,7 65,6 109

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,303 5,46 10,9 16,4 21,8 32,8 54,6 65,5 109

1,304 5,45 10,9 16,4 21,8 32,7 54,5 65,4 109
1,305 5,44 10,9 16,3 21,8 32,7 54,4 65,3 109
1,306 5,44 10,9 16,3 21,7 32,6 54,4 65,2 109
1,307 5,43 10,9 16,3 21,7 32,6 54,3 65,1 109
1,308 5,42 10,8 16,3 21,7 32,5 54,2 65,0 108
1,309 5,41 10,8 16,2 21,6 32,5 54,1 64,9 108
1,310 5,40 10,8 16,2 21,6 32,4 54,0 64,8 108
1,311 5,39 10,8 16,2 21,6 32,4 53,9 64,7 108
1,312 5,39 10,8 16,2 21,5 32,3 53,9 64,6 108
1,313 5,38 10,8 16,1 21,5 32,3 53,8 64,5 108
1,314 5,37 10,7 16,1 21,5 32,2 53,7 64,4 107
1,315 5,36 10,7 16,1 21,4 32,2 53,6 64,3 107
1,316 5,35 10,7 16,1 21,4 32,1 53,5 64,2 107
1,317 5,35 10,7 16,0 21,4 32,1 53,5 64,1 107
1,318 5,34 10,7 16,0 21,3 32,0 53,4 64,1 107
1,319 5,33 10,7 16,0 21,3 32,0 53,3 64,0 107
1,320 5,32 10,6 16,0 21,3 31,9 53,2 63,9 106
1,321 5,31 10,6 15,9 21,3 31,9 53,1 63,8 106
1,322 5,31 10,6 15,9 21,2 31,8 53,1 63,7 106
1,323 5,30 10,6 15,9 21,2 31,8 53,0 63,6 106
1,324 5,29 10,6 15,9 21,2 31,7 52,9 63,5 106
1,325 5,28 10,6 15,8 21,1 31,7 52,8 63,4 106
1,326 5,27 10,5 15,8 21,1 31,6 52,7 63,3 105
1,327 5,27 10,5 15,8 21,1 31,6 52,7 63,2 105
1,328 5,26 10,5 15,8 21,0 31,5 52,6 63,1 105
1,329 5,25 10,5 15,7 21,0 31,5 52,5 63,0 105
Page: 169
1,330 5,24 10,5 15,7 21,0 31,5 52,4 62,9 105
1,331 5,23 10,5 15,7 20,9 31,4 52,3 62,8 105
1,332 5,23 10,5 15,7 20,9 31,4 52,3 62,7 105
1,333 5,22 10,4 15,7 20,9 31,3 52,2 62,6 104
1,334 5,21 10,4 15,6 20,8 31,3 52,1 62,5 104
1,335 5,20 10,4 15,6 20,8 31,2 52,0 62,4 104
1,336 5,19 10,4 15,6 20,8 31,2 51,9 62,3 104
1,337 5,19 10,4 15,6 20,7 31,1 51,9 62,2 104
1,338 5,18 10,4 15,5 20,7 31,1 51,8 62,2 104
1,339 5,17 10,3 15,5 20,7 31,0 51,7 62,1 103
1,340 5,16 10,3 15,5 20,7 31,0 51,6 62,0 103
1,341 5,16 10,3 15,5 20,6 30,9 51,6 61,9 103
1,342 5,15 10,3 15,4 20,6 30,9 51,5 61,8 103
1,343 5,14 10,3 15,4 20,6 30,8 51,4 61,7 103
1,344 5,13 10,3 15,4 20,5 30,8 51,3 61,6 103
1,345 5,13 10,3 15,4 20,5 30,8 51,3 61,5 103

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,346 5,12 10,2 15,4 20,5 30,7 51,2 61,4 102

1,347 5,11 10,2 15,3 20,4 30,7 51,1 61,3 102
1,348 5,10 10,2 15,3 20,4 30,6 51,0 61,2 102
1,349 5,09 10,2 15,3 20,4 30,6 50,9 61,1 102
1,350 5,09 10,2 15,3 20,3 30,5 50,9 61,1 102
1,351 5,08 10,2 15,2 20,3 30,5 50,8 61,0 102
1,352 5,07 10,1 15,2 20,3 30,4 50,7 60,9 101
1,353 5,06 10,1 15,2 20,3 30,4 50,6 60,8 101
1,354 5,06 10,1 15,2 20,2 30,3 50,6 60,7 101
1,355 5,05 10,1 15,2 20,2 30,3 50,5 60,6 101
1,356 5,04 10,1 15,1 20,2 30,3 50,4 60,5 101
1,357 5,03 10,1 15,1 20,1 30,2 50,3 60,4 101
1,358 5,03 10,1 15,1 20,1 30,2 50,3 60,3 101
1,359 5,02 10,0 15,1 20,1 30,1 50,2 60,2 100
1,360 5,01 10,0 15,0 20,0 30,1 50,1 60,2 100
1,361 5,01 10,0 15,0 20,0 30,0 50,1 60,1 100
1,362 5,00 10,0 15,0 20,0 30,0 50,0 60,0 100
1,363 4,99 10,0 15,0 20,0 29,9 49,9 59,9 100
1,364 4,98 10,0 15,0 19,9 29,9 49,8 59,8 100
1,365 4,98 10,0 14,9 19,9 29,9 49,8 59,7 100
1,366 4,97 9,9 14,9 19,9 29,8 49,7 59,6 99,4
1,367 4,96 9,9 14,9 19,8 29,8 49,6 59,5 99,2
1,368 4,95 9,9 14,9 19,8 29,7 49,5 59,5 99,1
1,369 4,95 9,9 14,8 19,8 29,7 49,5 59,4 99,0
1,370 - 9,9 14,8 19,8 29,6 49,4 59,3 98,8
1,371 - 9,9 14,8 19,7 29,6 49,3 59,2 98,7
Page: 170
1,372 - 9,9 14,8 19,7 29,6 49,3 59,1 98,5
1,373 - 9,8 14,8 19,7 29,5 49,2 59,0 98,4
1,374 - 9,8 14,7 19,6 29,5 49,1 58,9 98,2
1,375 - 9,8 14,7 19,6 29,4 49,0 58,9 98,1
1,376 - 9,8 14,7 19,6 29,4 49,0 58,8 97,9
1,377 - 9,8 14,7 19,6 29,3 48,9 58,7 97,8
1,378 - 9,8 14,6 19,5 29,3 48,8 58,6 97,7
1,379 - 9,8 14,6 19,5 29,3 48,8 58,5 97,5
1,380 - 9,7 14,6 19,5 29,2 48,7 58,4 97,4
1,381 - 9,7 14,6 19,4 29,2 48,6 58,3 97,2
1,382 - 9,7 14,6 19,4 29,1 48,5 58,3 97,1
1,383 - 9,7 14,5 19,4 29,1 48,5 58,2 97,0
1,384 - 9,7 14,5 19,4 29,0 48,4 58,1 96,8
1,385 - 9,7 14,5 19,3 29,0 48,3 58,0 96,7
1,386 - 9,7 14,5 19,3 29,0 48,3 57,9 96,5
1,387 - 9,6 14,5 19,3 28,9 48,2 57,8 96,4
1,388 - 9,6 14,4 19,2 28,9 48,1 57,8 96,3

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,389 - 9,6 14,4 19,2 28,8 48,1 57,7 96,1

1,390 - 9,6 14,4 19,2 28,8 48,0 57,6 96,0
1,391 - 9,6 14,4 19,2 28,8 47,9 57,5 95,8
1,392 - 9,6 14,4 19,1 28,7 47,8 57,4 95,7
1,393 - 9,6 14,3 19,1 28,7 47,8 57,3 95,6
1,394 - 9,5 14,3 19,1 28,6 47,7 57,3 95,4
1,395 - 9,5 14,3 19,1 28,6 47,6 57,2 95,3
1,396 - 9,5 14,3 19,0 28,5 47,6 57,1 95,2
1,397 - 9,5 14,3 19,0 28,5 47,5 57,0 95,0
1,398 - 9,5 14,2 19,0 28,5 47,4 56,9 94,9
1,399 - 9,5 14,2 18,9 28,4 47,4 56,8 94,8
1,400 - 9,5 14,2 18,9 28,4 47,3 56,8 94,6
1,401 - 9,4 14,2 18,9 28,3 47,2 56,7 94,5
1,402 - 9,4 14,2 18,9 28,3 47,2 56,6 94,3
1,403 - 9,4 14,1 18,8 28,3 47,1 56,5 94,2
1,404 - 9,4 14,1 18,8 28,2 47,0 56,4 94,1
1,405 - 9,4 14,1 18,8 28,2 47,0 56,4 93,9
1,406 - 9,4 14,1 18,8 28,1 46,9 56,3 93,8
1,407 - 9,4 14,1 18,7 28,1 46,8 56,2 93,7
1,408 - 9,4 14,0 18,7 28,1 46,8 56,1 93,5
1,409 - 9,3 14,0 18,7 28,0 46,7 56,0 93,4
1,410 - 9,3 14,0 18,7 28,0 46,6 56,0 93,3
1,411 - 9,3 14,0 18,6 27,9 46,6 55,9 93,1
1,412 - 9,3 14,0 18,6 27,9 46,5 55,8 93,0
1,413 - 9,3 13,9 18,6 27,9 46,4 55,7 92,9
1,414 - 9,3 13,9 18,5 27,8 46,4 55,7 92,8
Page: 171
1,415 - 9,3 13,9 18,5 27,8 46,3 55,6 92,6
1,416 - 9,2 13,9 18,5 27,7 46,2 55,5 92,5
1,417 - 9,2 13,9 18,5 27,7 46,2 55,4 92,4
1,418 - 9,2 13,8 18,4 27,7 46,1 55,3 92,2
1,419 - 9,2 13,8 18,4 27,6 46,0 55,3 92,1
1,420 - 9,2 13,8 18,4 27,6 46,0 55,2 92,0
1,421 - 9,2 13,8 18,4 27,6 45,9 55,1 91,8
1,422 - 9,2 13,8 18,3 27,5 45,9 55,0 91,7
1,423 - 9,2 13,7 18,3 27,5 45,8 54,9 91,6
1,424 - 9,1 13,7 18,3 27,4 45,7 54,9 91,5
1,425 - 9,1 13,7 18,3 27,4 45,7 54,8 91,3
1,426 - 9,1 13,7 18,2 27,4 45,6 54,7 91,2
1,427 - 9,1 13,7 18,2 27,3 45,5 54,6 91,1
1,428 - 9,1 13,6 18,2 27,3 45,5 54,6 90,9
1,429 - 9,1 13,6 18,2 27,2 45,4 54,5 90,8
1,430 - 9,1 13,6 18,1 27,2 45,3 54,4 90,7
1,431 - 9,1 13,6 18,1 27,2 45,3 54,3 90,6

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,432 - 9,0 13,6 18,1 27,1 45,2 54,3 90,4

1,433 - 9,0 13,5 18,1 27,1 45,2 54,2 90,3
1,434 - 9,0 13,5 18,0 27,1 45,1 54,1 90,2
1,435 - 9,0 13,5 18,0 27,0 45,0 54,0 90,1
1,436 - 9,0 13,5 18,0 27,0 45,0 54,0 89,9
1,437 - 9,0 13,5 18,0 26,9 44,9 53,9 89,8
1,438 - 9,0 13,5 17,9 26,9 44,8 53,8 89,7
1,439 - 9,0 13,4 17,9 26,9 44,8 53,7 89,6
1,440 - 8,9 13,4 17,9 26,8 44,7 53,7 89,4
1,441 - 8,9 13,4 17,9 26,8 44,7 53,6 89,3
1,442 - 8,9 13,4 17,8 26,8 44,6 53,5 89,2
1,443 - 8,9 13,4 17,8 26,7 44,5 53,4 89,1
1,444 - 8,9 13,3 17,8 26,7 44,5 53,4 88,9
1,445 - 8,9 13,3 17,8 26,6 44,4 53,3 88,8
1,446 - 8,9 13,3 17,7 26,6 44,3 53,2 88,7
1,447 - 8,9 13,3 17,7 26,6 44,3 53,1 88,6
1,448 - 8,8 13,3 17,7 26,5 44,2 53,1 88,4
1,449 - 8,8 13,2 17,7 26,5 44,2 53,0 88,3
1,450 - 8,8 13,2 17,6 26,5 44,1 52,9 88,2
1,451 - 8,8 13,2 17,6 26,4 44,0 52,8 88,1
1,452 - 8,8 13,2 17,6 26,4 44,0 52,8 88,0
1,453 - 8,8 13,2 17,6 26,4 43,9 52,7 87,8
1,454 - 8,8 13,2 17,5 26,3 43,9 52,6 87,7
1,455 - 8,8 13,1 17,5 26,3 43,8 52,6 87,6
1,456 - 8,7 13,1 17,5 26,2 43,7 52,5 87,5
Page: 172
1,457 - 8,7 13,1 17,5 26,2 43,7 52,4 87,4
1,458 - 8,7 13,1 17,4 26,2 43,6 52,3 87,2
1,459 - 8,7 13,1 17,4 26,1 43,6 52,3 87,1
1,460 - 8,7 13,0 17,4 26,1 43,5 52,2 87,0
1,461 - 8,7 13,0 17,4 26,1 43,4 52,1 86,9
1,462 - 8,7 13,0 17,3 26,0 43,4 52,1 86,8
1,463 - 8,7 13,0 17,3 26,0 43,3 52,0 86,6
1,464 - 8,7 13,0 17,3 26,0 43,3 51,9 86,5
1,465 - 8,6 13,0 17,3 25,9 43,2 51,8 86,4
1,466 - 8,6 12,9 17,3 25,9 43,1 51,8 86,3
1,467 - 8,6 12,9 17,2 25,9 43,1 51,7 86,2
1,468 - 8,6 12,9 17,2 25,8 43,0 51,6 86,1
1,469 - 8,6 12,9 17,2 25,8 43,0 51,6 85,9
1,470 - 8,6 12,9 17,2 25,7 42,9 51,5 85,8
1,471 - 8,6 12,9 17,1 25,7 42,8 51,4 85,7
1,472 - 8,6 12,8 17,1 25,7 42,8 51,4 85,6
1,473 - 8,5 12,8 17,1 25,6 42,7 51,3 85,5
1,474 - 8,5 12,8 17,1 25,6 42,7 51,2 85,4

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,475 - 8,5 12,8 17,0 25,6 42,6 51,1 85,2

1,476 - 8,5 12,8 17,0 25,5 42,6 51,1 85,1
1,477 - 8,5 12,8 17,0 25,5 42,5 51,0 85,0
1,478 - 8,5 12,7 17,0 25,5 42,4 50,9 84,9
1,479 - 8,5 12,7 17,0 25,4 42,4 50,9 84,8
1,480 - 8,5 12,7 16,9 25,4 42,3 50,8 84,7
1,481 - 8,5 12,7 16,9 25,4 42,3 50,7 84,6
1,482 - 8,4 12,7 16,9 25,3 42,2 50,7 84,4
1,483 - 8,4 12,6 16,9 25,3 42,2 50,6 84,3
1,484 - 8,4 12,6 16,8 25,3 42,1 50,5 84,2
1,485 - 8,4 12,6 16,8 25,2 42,0 50,5 84,1
1,486 - 8,4 12,6 16,8 25,2 42,0 50,4 84,0
1,487 - 8,4 12,6 16,8 25,2 41,9 50,3 83,9
1,488 - 8,4 12,6 16,7 25,1 41,9 50,3 83,8
1,489 - 8,4 12,5 16,7 25,1 41,8 50,2 83,6
1,490 - 8,4 12,5 16,7 25,1 41,8 50,1 83,5
1,491 - 8,3 12,5 16,7 25,0 41,7 50,1 83,4
1,492 - 8,3 12,5 16,7 25,0 41,7 50,0 83,3
1,493 - 8,3 12,5 16,6 25,0 41,6 49,9 83,2
1,494 - 8,3 12,5 16,6 24,9 41,5 49,8 83,1
1,495 - 8,3 12,4 16,6 24,9 41,5 49,8 83,0
1,496 - 8,3 12,4 16,6 24,9 41,4 49,7 82,9
1,497 - 8,3 12,4 16,5 24,8 41,4 49,7 82,8
1,498 - 8,3 12,4 16,5 24,8 41,3 49,6 82,6
1,499 - 8,3 12,4 16,5 24,8 41,3 49,5 82,5
Page: 173
1,500 - 8,2 12,4 16,5 24,7 41,2 49,5 82,4
1,501 - 8,2 12,3 16,5 24,7 41,2 49,4 82,3
1,502 - 8,2 12,3 16,4 24,7 41,1 49,3 82,2
1,503 - 8,2 12,3 16,4 24,6 41,0 49,3 82,1
1,504 - 8,2 12,3 16,4 24,6 41,0 49,2 82,0
1,505 - 8,2 12,3 16,4 24,6 40,9 49,1 81,9
1,506 - 8,2 12,3 16,4 24,5 40,9 49,1 81,8
1,507 - 8,2 12,2 16,3 24,5 40,8 49,0 81,7
1,508 - 8,2 12,2 16,3 24,5 40,8 48,9 81,6
1,509 - 8,1 12,2 16,3 24,4 40,7 48,9 81,4
1,510 - 8,1 12,2 16,3 24,4 40,7 48,8 81,3
1,511 - 8,1 12,2 16,2 24,4 40,6 48,7 81,2
1,512 - 8,1 12,2 16,2 24,3 40,6 48,7 81,1
1,513 - 8,1 12,2 16,2 24,3 40,5 48,6 81,0
1,514 - 8,1 12,1 16,2 24,3 40,4 48,5 80,9
1,515 - 8,1 12,1 16,2 24,2 40,4 48,5 80,8
1,516 - 8,1 12,1 16,1 24,2 40,3 48,4 80,7
1,517 - 8,1 12,1 16,1 24,2 40,3 48,3 80,6

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,518 - 8,0 12,1 16,1 24,1 40,2 48,3 80,5

1,519 - 8,0 12,1 16,1 24,1 40,2 48,2 80,4
1,520 - 8,0 12,0 16,1 24,1 40,1 48,2 80,3
1,521 - 8,0 12,0 16,0 24,0 40,1 48,1 80,2
1,522 - 8,0 12,0 16,0 24,0 40,0 48,0 80,1
1,523 - 8,0 12,0 16,0 24,0 40,0 48,0 80,0
1,524 - 8,0 12,0 16,0 24,0 39,9 47,9 79,8
1,525 - 8,0 12,0 15,9 23,9 39,9 47,8 79,7
1,526 - 8,0 11,9 15,9 23,9 39,8 47,8 79,6
1,527 - 8,0 11,9 15,9 23,9 39,8 47,7 79,5
1,528 - 7,9 11,9 15,9 23,8 39,7 47,7 79,4
1,529 - 7,9 11,9 15,9 23,8 39,7 47,6 79,3
1,530 - 7,9 11,9 15,8 23,8 39,6 47,5 79,2
1,531 - 7,9 11,9 15,8 23,7 39,6 47,5 79,1
1,532 - 7,9 11,9 15,8 23,7 39,5 47,4 79,0
1,533 - 7,9 11,8 15,8 23,7 39,5 47,3 78,9
1,534 - 7,9 11,8 15,8 23,6 39,4 47,3 78,8
1,535 - 7,9 11,8 15,7 23,6 39,3 47,2 78,7
1,536 - 7,9 11,8 15,7 23,6 39,3 47,2 78,6
1,537 - 7,9 11,8 15,7 23,5 39,2 47,1 78,5
1,538 - 7,8 11,8 15,7 23,5 39,2 47,0 78,4
1,539 - 7,8 11,7 15,7 23,5 39,1 47,0 78,3
1,540 - 7,8 11,7 15,6 23,5 39,1 46,9 78,2
1,541 - 7,8 11,7 15,6 23,4 39,0 46,9 78,1
Page: 174
1,542 - 7,8 11,7 15,6 23,4 39,0 46,8 78,0
1,543 - 7,8 11,7 15,6 23,4 38,9 46,7 77,9
1,544 - 7,8 11,7 15,6 23,3 38,9 46,7 77,8
1,545 - 7,8 11,7 15,5 23,3 38,8 46,6 77,7
1,546 - 7,8 11,6 15,5 23,3 38,8 46,6 77,6
1,547 - 7,7 11,6 15,5 23,2 38,7 46,5 77,5
1,548 - 7,7 11,6 15,5 23,2 38,7 46,4 77,4
1,549 - 7,7 11,6 15,5 23,2 38,6 46,4 77,3
1,550 - 7,7 11,6 15,4 23,2 38,6 46,3 77,2
1,551 - 7,7 11,6 15,4 23,1 38,5 46,3 77,1
1,552 - 7,7 11,5 15,4 23,1 38,5 46,2 77,0
1,553 - 7,7 11,5 15,4 23,1 38,4 46,1 76,9
1,554 - 7,7 11,5 15,4 23,0 38,4 46,1 76,8
1,555 - 7,7 11,5 15,3 23,0 38,3 46,0 76,7
1,556 - 7,7 11,5 15,3 23,0 38,3 46,0 76,6
1,557 - 7,6 11,5 15,3 22,9 38,2 45,9 76,5
1,558 - 7,6 11,5 15,3 22,9 38,2 45,8 76,4
1,559 - 7,6 11,4 15,3 22,9 38,1 45,8 76,3
1,560 - 7,6 11,4 15,2 22,9 38,1 45,7 76,2

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,561 - 7,6 11,4 15,2 22,8 38,0 45,7 76,1

1,562 - 7,6 11,4 15,2 22,8 38,0 45,6 76,0
1,563 - 7,6 11,4 15,2 22,8 38,0 45,5 75,9
1,564 - 7,6 11,4 15,2 22,7 37,9 45,5 75,8
1,565 - 7,6 11,4 15,1 22,7 37,9 45,4 75,7
1,566 - 7,6 11,3 15,1 22,7 37,8 45,4 75,6
1,567 - 7,6 11,3 15,1 22,7 37,8 45,3 75,5
1,568 - 7,5 11,3 15,1 22,6 37,7 45,3 75,4
1,569 - 7,5 11,3 15,1 22,6 37,7 45,2 75,3
1,570 - 7,5 11,3 15,0 22,6 37,6 45,1 75,2
1,571 - 7,5 11,3 15,0 22,5 37,6 45,1 75,1
1,572 - 7,5 11,3 15,0 22,5 37,5 45,0 75,0
1,573 - 7,5 11,2 15,0 22,5 37,5 45,0 74,9
1,574 - 7,5 11,2 15,0 22,5 37,4 44,9 74,9
1,575 - 7,5 11,2 14,9 22,4 37,4 44,9 74,8
1,576 - 7,5 11,2 14,9 22,4 37,3 44,8 74,7
1,577 - 7,5 11,2 14,9 22,4 37,3 44,7 74,6
1,578 - 7,4 11,2 14,9 22,3 37,2 44,7 74,5
1,579 - 7,4 11,2 14,9 22,3 37,2 44,6 74,4
1,580 - 7,4 11,1 14,9 22,3 37,1 44,6 74,3
1,581 - 7,4 11,1 14,8 22,3 37,1 44,5 74,2
1,582 - 7,4 11,1 14,8 22,2 37,0 44,5 74,1
1,583 - 7,4 11,1 14,8 22,2 37,0 44,4 74,0
1,584 - 7,4 11,1 14,8 22,2 37,0 44,3 73,9
Page: 175
1,585 - 7,4 11,1 14,8 22,1 36,9 44,3 73,8
1,586 - 7,4 11,1 14,7 22,1 36,9 44,2 73,7
1,587 - 7,4 11,0 14,7 22,1 36,8 44,2 73,6
1,588 - 7,4 11,0 14,7 22,1 36,8 44,1 73,5
1,589 - 7,3 11,0 14,7 22,0 36,7 44,1 73,4
1,590 - 7,3 11,0 14,7 22,0 36,7 44,0 73,4
1,591 - 7,3 11,0 14,6 22,0 36,6 44,0 73,3
1,592 - 7,3 11,0 14,6 22,0 36,6 43,9 73,2
1,593 - 7,3 11,0 14,6 21,9 36,5 43,8 73,1
1,594 - 7,3 10,9 14,6 21,9 36,5 43,8 73,0
1,595 - 7,3 10,9 14,6 21,9 36,4 43,7 72,9
1,596 - 7,3 10,9 14,6 21,8 36,4 43,7 72,8
1,597 - 7,3 10,9 14,5 21,8 36,4 43,6 72,7
1,598 - 7,3 10,9 14,5 21,8 36,3 43,6 72,6
1,599 - 7,3 10,9 14,5 21,8 36,3 43,5 72,5
1,600 - 7,2 10,9 14,5 21,7 36,2 43,5 72,4
1,601 - 7,2 10,9 14,5 21,7 36,2 43,4 72,4
1,602 - 7,2 10,8 14,4 21,7 36,1 43,4 72,3
1,603 - 7,2 10,8 14,4 21,7 36,1 43,3 72,2

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,604 - 7,2 10,8 14,4 21,6 36,0 43,2 72,1

1,605 - 7,2 10,8 14,4 21,6 36,0 43,2 72,0
1,606 - 7,2 10,8 14,4 21,6 35,9 43,1 71,9
1,607 - 7,2 10,8 14,4 21,5 35,9 43,1 71,8
1,608 - 7,2 10,8 14,3 21,5 35,9 43,0 71,7
1,609 - 7,2 10,7 14,3 21,5 35,8 43,0 71,6
1,610 - 7,2 10,7 14,3 21,5 35,8 42,9 71,5
1,611 - 7,1 10,7 14,3 21,4 35,7 42,9 71,5
1,612 - 7,1 10,7 14,3 21,4 35,7 42,8 71,4
1,613 - 7,1 10,7 14,3 21,4 35,6 42,8 71,3
1,614 - 7,1 10,7 14,2 21,4 35,6 42,7 71,2
1,615 - 7,1 10,7 14,2 21,3 35,5 42,7 71,1
1,616 - 7,1 10,7 14,2 21,3 35,5 42,6 71,0
1,617 - 7,1 10,6 14,2 21,3 35,5 42,6 70,9
1,618 - 7,1 10,6 14,2 21,3 35,4 42,5 70,8
1,619 - 7,1 10,6 14,1 21,2 35,4 42,4 70,8
1,620 - 7,1 10,6 14,1 21,2 35,3 42,4 70,7
1,621 - 7,1 10,6 14,1 21,2 35,3 42,3 70,6
1,622 - 7,0 10,6 14,1 21,1 35,2 42,3 70,5
1,623 - 7,0 10,6 14,1 21,1 35,2 42,2 70,4
1,624 - 7,0 10,5 14,1 21,1 35,2 42,2 70,3
1,625 - 7,0 10,5 14,0 21,1 35,1 42,1 70,2
1,626 - 7,0 10,5 14,0 21,0 35,1 42,1 70,1
Page: 176
1,627 - 7,0 10,5 14,0 21,0 35,0 42,0 70,1
1,628 - 7,0 10,5 14,0 21,0 35,0 42,0 70,0
1,629 - 7,0 10,5 14,0 21,0 34,9 41,9 69,9
1,630 - 7,0 10,5 14,0 20,9 34,9 41,9 69,8
1,631 - 7,0 10,5 13,9 20,9 34,9 41,8 69,7
1,632 - 7,0 10,4 13,9 20,9 34,8 41,8 69,6
1,633 - 7,0 10,4 13,9 20,9 34,8 41,7 69,5
1,634 - 6,9 10,4 13,9 20,8 34,7 41,7 69,5
1,635 - 6,9 10,4 13,9 20,8 34,7 41,6 69,4
1,636 - 6,9 10,4 13,9 20,8 34,6 41,6 69,3
1,637 - 6,9 10,4 13,8 20,8 34,6 41,5 69,2
1,638 - 6,9 10,4 13,8 20,7 34,6 41,5 69,1
1,639 - 6,9 10,4 13,8 20,7 34,5 41,4 69,0
1,640 - 6,9 10,3 13,8 20,7 34,5 41,4 69,0
1,641 - 6,9 10,3 13,8 20,7 34,4 41,3 68,9
1,642 - 6,9 10,3 13,8 20,6 34,4 41,3 68,8
1,643 - 6,9 10,3 13,7 20,6 34,3 41,2 68,7
1,644 - 6,9 10,3 13,7 20,6 34,3 41,2 68,6
1,645 - 6,9 10,3 13,7 20,6 34,3 41,1 68,5
1,646 - 6,8 10,3 13,7 20,5 34,2 41,1 68,4

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,647 - 6,8 10,3 13,7 20,5 34,2 41,0 68,4

1,648 - 6,8 10,2 13,7 20,5 34,1 41,0 68,3
1,649 - 6,8 10,2 13,6 20,5 34,1 40,9 68,2
1,650 - 6,8 10,2 13,6 20,4 34,1 40,9 68,1
1,651 - 6,8 10,2 13,6 20,4 34,0 40,8 68,0
1,652 - 6,8 10,2 13,6 20,4 34,0 40,8 68,0
1,653 - 6,8 10,2 13,6 20,4 33,9 40,7 67,9
1,654 - 6,8 10,2 13,6 20,3 33,9 40,7 67,8
1,655 - 6,8 10,2 13,5 20,3 33,8 40,6 67,7
1,656 - 6,8 10,1 13,5 20,3 33,8 40,6 67,6
1,657 - 6,8 10,1 13,5 20,3 33,8 40,5 67,5
1,658 - 6,7 10,1 13,5 20,2 33,7 40,5 67,5
1,659 - 6,7 10,1 13,5 20,2 33,7 40,4 67,4
1,660 - 6,7 10,1 13,5 20,2 33,6 40,4 67,3
1,661 - 6,7 10,1 13,4 20,2 33,6 40,3 67,2
1,662 - 6,7 10,1 13,4 20,1 33,6 40,3 67,1
1,663 - 6,7 10,1 13,4 20,1 33,5 40,2 67,1
1,664 - 6,7 10,0 13,4 20,1 33,5 40,2 67,0
1,665 - 6,7 10,0 13,4 20,1 33,4 40,1 66,9
1,666 - 6,7 10,0 13,4 20,0 33,4 40,1 66,8
1,667 - 6,7 10,0 13,3 20,0 33,4 40,0 66,7
1,668 - 6,7 10,0 13,3 20,0 33,3 40,0 66,7
1,669 - 6,7 10,0 13,3 20,0 33,3 39,9 66,6
Page: 177
1,670 - 6,6 10,0 13,3 19,9 33,2 39,9 66,5
1,671 - 6,6 10,0 13,3 19,9 33,2 39,8 66,4
1,672 - 6,6 10,0 13,3 19,9 33,2 39,8 66,3
1,673 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,9 33,1 39,8 66,3
1,674 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,9 33,1 39,7 66,2
1,675 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,8 33,0 39,7 66,1
1,676 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,8 33,0 39,6 66,0
1,677 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,8 33,0 39,6 65,9
1,678 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,8 32,9 39,5 65,9
1,679 - 6,6 9,9 13,2 19,7 32,9 39,5 65,8
1,680 - 6,6 9,9 13,1 19,7 32,8 39,4 65,7
1,681 - 6,6 9,8 13,1 19,7 32,8 39,4 65,6
1,682 - 6,6 9,8 13,1 19,7 32,8 39,3 65,6
1,683 - 6,5 9,8 13,1 19,6 32,7 39,3 65,5
1,684 - 6,5 9,8 13,1 19,6 32,7 39,2 65,4
1,685 - 6,5 9,8 13,1 19,6 32,7 39,2 65,3
1,686 - 6,5 9,8 13,0 19,6 32,6 39,1 65,2
1,687 - 6,5 9,8 13,0 19,5 32,6 39,1 65,2
1,688 - 6,5 9,8 13,0 19,5 32,5 39,0 65,1
1,689 - 6,5 9,8 13,0 19,5 32,5 39,0 65,0

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,690 - 6,5 9,7 13,0 19,5 32,5 39,0 64,9

1,691 - 6,5 9,7 13,0 19,5 32,4 38,9 64,9
1,692 - 6,5 9,7 13,0 19,4 32,4 38,9 64,8
1,693 - 6,5 9,7 12,9 19,4 32,3 38,8 64,7
1,694 - 6,5 9,7 12,9 19,4 32,3 38,8 64,6
1,695 - 6,5 9,7 12,9 19,4 32,3 38,7 64,5
1,696 - 6,4 9,7 12,9 19,3 32,2 38,7 64,5
1,697 - 6,4 9,7 12,9 19,3 32,2 38,6 64,4
1,698 - 6,4 9,6 12,9 19,3 32,2 38,6 64,3
1,699 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,3 32,1 38,5 64,2
1,700 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,3 32,1 38,5 64,2
1,701 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,2 32,0 38,5 64,1
1,702 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,2 32,0 38,4 64,0
1,703 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,2 32,0 38,4 63,9
1,704 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,2 31,9 38,3 63,9
1,705 - 6,4 9,6 12,8 19,1 31,9 38,3 63,8
1,706 - 6,4 9,6 12,7 19,1 31,9 38,2 63,7
1,707 - 6,4 9,5 12,7 19,1 31,8 38,2 63,6
1,708 - 6,4 9,5 12,7 19,1 31,8 38,1 63,6
1,709 - 6,3 9,5 12,7 19,0 31,7 38,1 63,5
1,710 - 6,3 9,5 12,7 19,0 31,7 38,1 63,4
1,711 - 6,3 9,5 12,7 19,0 31,7 38,0 63,3
Page: 178
1,712 - 6,3 9,5 12,7 19,0 31,6 38,0 63,3
1,713 - 6,3 9,5 12,6 19,0 31,6 37,9 63,2
1,714 - 6,3 9,5 12,6 18,9 31,6 37,9 63,1
1,715 - 6,3 9,5 12,6 18,9 31,5 37,8 63,1
1,716 - 6,3 9,4 12,6 18,9 31,5 37,8 63,0
1,717 - 6,3 9,4 12,6 18,9 31,4 37,7 62,9
1,718 - 6,3 9,4 12,6 18,8 31,4 37,7 62,8
1,719 - 6,3 9,4 12,5 18,8 31,4 37,7 62,8
1,720 - 6,3 9,4 12,5 18,8 31,3 37,6 62,7
1,721 - 6,3 9,4 12,5 18,8 31,3 37,6 62,6
1,722 - 6,3 9,4 12,5 18,8 31,3 37,5 62,5
1,723 - 6,2 9,4 12,5 18,7 31,2 37,5 62,5
1,724 - 6,2 9,4 12,5 18,7 31,2 37,4 62,4
1,725 - 6,2 9,3 12,5 18,7 31,2 37,4 62,3
1,726 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,7 31,1 37,3 62,3
1,727 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,7 31,1 37,3 62,2
1,728 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,6 31,1 37,3 62,1
1,729 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,6 31,0 37,2 62,0
1,730 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,6 31,0 37,2 62,0
1,731 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,6 30,9 37,1 61,9
1,732 - 6,2 9,3 12,4 18,5 30,9 37,1 61,8

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,733 - 6,2 9,3 12,3 18,5 30,9 37,0 61,7

1,734 - 6,2 9,3 12,3 18,5 30,8 37,0 61,7
1,735 - 6,2 9,2 12,3 18,5 30,8 37,0 61,6
1,736 - 6,2 9,2 12,3 18,5 30,8 36,9 61,5
1,737 - 6,1 9,2 12,3 18,4 30,7 36,9 61,5
1,738 - 6,1 9,2 12,3 18,4 30,7 36,8 61,4
1,739 - 6,1 9,2 12,3 18,4 30,7 36,8 61,3
1,740 - 6,1 9,2 12,2 18,4 30,6 36,8 61,3
1,741 - 6,1 9,2 12,2 18,4 30,6 36,7 61,2
1,742 - 6,1 9,2 12,2 18,3 30,6 36,7 61,1
1,743 - 6,1 9,2 12,2 18,3 30,5 36,6 61,0
1,744 - 6,1 9,1 12,2 18,3 30,5 36,6 61,0
1,745 - 6,1 9,1 12,2 18,3 30,4 36,5 60,9
1,746 - 6,1 9,1 12,2 18,2 30,4 36,5 60,8
1,747 - 6,1 9,1 12,2 18,2 30,4 36,5 60,8
1,748 - 6,1 9,1 12,1 18,2 30,3 36,4 60,7
1,749 - 6,1 9,1 12,1 18,2 30,3 36,4 60,6
1,750 - 6,1 9,1 12,1 18,2 30,3 36,3 60,6
1,751 - 6,0 9,1 12,1 18,1 30,2 36,3 60,5
1,752 - 6,0 9,1 12,1 18,1 30,2 36,2 60,4
1,753 - 6,0 9,1 12,1 18,1 30,2 36,2 60,3
1,754 - 6,0 9,0 12,1 18,1 30,1 36,2 60,3
Page: 179
1,755 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 18,1 30,1 36,1 60,2
1,756 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 18,0 30,1 36,1 60,1
1,757 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 18,0 30,0 36,0 60,1
1,758 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 18,0 30,0 36,0 60,0
1,759 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 18,0 30,0 36,0 59,9
1,760 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 18,0 29,9 35,9 59,9
1,761 - 6,0 9,0 12,0 17,9 29,9 35,9 59,8
1,762 - 6,0 9,0 11,9 17,9 29,9 35,8 59,7
1,763 - 6,0 8,9 11,9 17,9 29,8 35,8 59,7
1,764 - 6,0 8,9 11,9 17,9 29,8 35,8 59,6
1,765 - 6,0 8,9 11,9 17,9 29,8 35,7 59,5
1,766 - 5,9 8,9 11,9 17,8 29,7 35,7 59,5
1,767 - 5,9 8,9 11,9 17,8 29,7 35,6 59,4
1,768 - 5,9 8,9 11,9 17,8 29,7 35,6 59,3
1,769 - 5,9 8,9 11,8 17,8 29,6 35,6 59,3
1,770 - 5,9 8,9 11,8 17,8 29,6 35,5 59,2
1,771 - 5,9 8,9 11,8 17,7 29,6 35,5 59,1
1,772 - 5,9 8,9 11,8 17,7 29,5 35,4 59,1
1,773 - 5,9 8,8 11,8 17,7 29,5 35,4 59,0
1,774 - 5,9 8,8 11,8 17,7 29,5 35,4 58,9
1,775 - 5,9 8,8 11,8 17,7 29,4 35,3 58,9

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,776 - 5,9 8,8 11,8 17,6 29,4 35,3 58,8

1,777 - 5,9 8,8 11,7 17,6 29,4 35,2 58,7
1,778 - 5,9 8,8 11,7 17,6 29,3 35,2 58,7
1,779 - 5,9 8,8 11,7 17,6 29,3 35,2 58,6
1,780 - 5,9 8,8 11,7 17,6 29,3 35,1 58,5
1,781 - 5,8 8,8 11,7 17,5 29,2 35,1 58,5
1,782 - 5,8 8,8 11,7 17,5 29,2 35,0 58,4
1,783 - 5,8 8,7 11,7 17,5 29,2 35,0 58,3
1,784 - 5,8 8,7 11,7 17,5 29,1 35,0 58,3
1,785 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,5 29,1 34,9 58,2
1,786 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,4 29,1 34,9 58,1
1,787 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,4 29,0 34,8 58,1
1,788 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,4 29,0 34,8 58,0
1,789 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,4 29,0 34,8 57,9
1,790 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,4 28,9 34,7 57,9
1,791 - 5,8 8,7 11,6 17,3 28,9 34,7 57,8
1,792 - 5,8 8,7 11,5 17,3 28,9 34,6 57,7
1,793 - 5,8 8,7 11,5 17,3 28,8 34,6 57,7
1,794 - 5,8 8,6 11,5 17,3 28,8 34,6 57,6
1,795 - 5,8 8,6 11,5 17,3 28,8 34,5 57,6
1,796 - 5,7 8,6 11,5 17,2 28,7 34,5 57,5
Page: 180
1,797 - 5,7 8,6 11,5 17,2 28,7 34,5 57,4
1,798 - 5,7 8,6 11,5 17,2 28,7 34,4 57,4
1,799 - 5,7 8,6 11,5 17,2 28,6 34,4 57,3
1,800 - 5,7 8,6 11,4 17,2 28,6 34,3 57,2
1,801 - 5,7 8,6 11,4 17,2 28,6 34,3 57,2
1,802 - 5,7 8,6 11,4 17,1 28,6 34,3 57,1
1,803 - 5,7 8,6 11,4 17,1 28,5 34,2 57,0
1,804 - 5,7 8,5 11,4 17,1 28,5 34,2 57,0
1,805 - 5,7 8,5 11,4 17,1 28,5 34,2 56,9
1,806 - 5,7 8,5 11,4 17,1 28,4 34,1 56,9
1,807 - 5,7 8,5 11,4 17,0 28,4 34,1 56,8
1,808 - 5,7 8,5 11,3 17,0 28,4 34,0 56,7
1,809 - 5,7 8,5 11,3 17,0 28,3 34,0 56,7
1,810 - 5,7 8,5 11,3 17,0 28,3 34,0 56,6
1,811 - 5,7 8,5 11,3 17,0 28,3 33,9 56,5
1,812 - 5,6 8,5 11,3 16,9 28,2 33,9 56,5
1,813 - 5,6 8,5 11,3 16,9 28,2 33,9 56,4
1,814 - 5,6 8,5 11,3 16,9 28,2 33,8 56,4
1,815 - 5,6 8,4 11,3 16,9 28,1 33,8 56,3
1,816 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,9 28,1 33,7 56,2
1,817 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,9 28,1 33,7 56,2
1,818 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,8 28,1 33,7 56,1

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,819 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,8 28,0 33,6 56,0

1,820 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,8 28,0 33,6 56,0
1,821 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,8 28,0 33,6 55,9
1,822 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,8 27,9 33,5 55,9
1,823 - 5,6 8,4 11,2 16,7 27,9 33,5 55,8
1,824 - 5,6 8,4 11,1 16,7 27,9 33,4 55,7
1,825 - 5,6 8,4 11,1 16,7 27,8 33,4 55,7
1,826 - 5,6 8,3 11,1 16,7 27,8 33,4 55,6
1,827 - 5,6 8,3 11,1 16,7 27,8 33,3 55,6
1,828 - 5,5 8,3 11,1 16,6 27,7 33,3 55,5
1,829 - 5,5 8,3 11,1 16,6 27,7 33,3 55,4
1,830 - 5,5 8,3 11,1 16,6 27,7 33,2 55,4
1,831 - 5,5 8,3 11,1 16,6 27,7 33,2 55,3
1,832 - 5,5 8,3 11,0 16,6 27,6 33,2 55,3
1,833 - 5,5 8,3 11,0 16,6 27,6 33,1 55,2
1,834 - 5,5 8,3 11,0 16,5 27,6 33,1 55,1
1,835 - 5,5 8,3 11,0 16,5 27,5 33,0 55,1
1,836 - 5,5 8,3 11,0 16,5 27,5 33,0 55,0
1,837 - 5,5 8,2 11,0 16,5 27,5 33,0 55,0
1,838 - 5,5 8,2 11,0 16,5 27,4 32,9 54,9
1,839 - 5,5 8,2 11,0 16,5 27,4 32,9 54,8
Page: 181
1,840 - 5,5 8,2 11,0 16,4 27,4 32,9 54,8
1,841 - 5,5 8,2 10,9 16,4 27,4 32,8 54,7
1,842 - 5,5 8,2 10,9 16,4 27,3 32,8 54,7
1,843 - 5,5 8,2 10,9 16,4 27,3 32,8 54,6
1,844 - 5,5 8,2 10,9 16,4 27,3 32,7 54,5
1,845 - 5,4 8,2 10,9 16,3 27,2 32,7 54,5
1,846 - 5,4 8,2 10,9 16,3 27,2 32,7 54,4
1,847 - 5,4 8,2 10,9 16,3 27,2 32,6 54,4
1,848 - 5,4 8,1 10,9 16,3 27,1 32,6 54,3
1,849 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,3 27,1 32,5 54,2
1,850 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,3 27,1 32,5 54,2
1,851 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,2 27,1 32,5 54,1
1,852 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,2 27,0 32,4 54,1
1,853 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,2 27,0 32,4 54,0
1,854 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,2 27,0 32,4 54,0
1,855 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,2 26,9 32,3 53,9
1,856 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,2 26,9 32,3 53,8
1,857 - 5,4 8,1 10,8 16,1 26,9 32,3 53,8
1,858 - 5,4 8,1 10,7 16,1 26,9 32,2 53,7
1,859 - 5,4 8,0 10,7 16,1 26,8 32,2 53,7
1,860 - 5,4 8,0 10,7 16,1 26,8 32,2 53,6
1,861 - 5,4 8,0 10,7 16,1 26,8 32,1 53,5

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,862 - 5,3 8,0 10,7 16,0 26,7 32,1 53,5

1,863 - 5,3 8,0 10,7 16,0 26,7 32,1 53,4
1,864 - 5,3 8,0 10,7 16,0 26,7 32,0 53,4
1,865 - 5,3 8,0 10,7 16,0 26,7 32,0 53,3
1,866 - 5,3 8,0 10,6 16,0 26,6 32,0 53,3
1,867 - 5,3 8,0 10,6 16,0 26,6 31,9 53,2
1,868 - 5,3 8,0 10,6 15,9 26,6 31,9 53,1
1,869 - 5,3 8,0 10,6 15,9 26,5 31,9 53,1
1,870 - 5,3 8,0 10,6 15,9 26,5 31,8 53,0
1,871 - 5,3 7,9 10,6 15,9 26,5 31,8 53,0
1,872 - 5,3 7,9 10,6 15,9 26,5 31,8 52,9
1,873 - 5,3 7,9 10,6 15,9 26,4 31,7 52,9
1,874 - 5,3 7,9 10,6 15,8 26,4 31,7 52,8
1,875 - 5,3 7,9 10,5 15,8 26,4 31,6 52,8
1,876 - 5,3 7,9 10,5 15,8 26,3 31,6 52,7
1,877 - 5,3 7,9 10,5 15,8 26,3 31,6 52,6
1,878 - 5,3 7,9 10,5 15,8 26,3 31,5 52,6
1,879 - 5,3 7,9 10,5 15,8 26,3 31,5 52,5
1,880 - 5,2 7,9 10,5 15,7 26,2 31,5 52,5
1,881 - 5,2 7,9 10,5 15,7 26,2 31,4 52,4
Page: 182
1,882 - 5,2 7,9 10,5 15,7 26,2 31,4 52,4
1,883 - 5,2 7,8 10,5 15,7 26,1 31,4 52,3
1,884 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,7 26,1 31,3 52,2
1,885 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,7 26,1 31,3 52,2
1,886 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,6 26,1 31,3 52,1
1,887 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,6 26,0 31,2 52,1
1,888 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,6 26,0 31,2 52,0
1,889 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,6 26,0 31,2 52,0
1,890 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,6 26,0 31,1 51,9
1,891 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,6 25,9 31,1 51,9
1,892 - 5,2 7,8 10,4 15,5 25,9 31,1 51,8
1,893 - 5,2 7,8 10,3 15,5 25,9 31,1 51,8
1,894 - 5,2 7,8 10,3 15,5 25,8 31,0 51,7
1,895 - 5,2 7,7 10,3 15,5 25,8 31,0 51,6
1,896 - 5,2 7,7 10,3 15,5 25,8 31,0 51,6
1,897 - 5,2 7,7 10,3 15,5 25,8 30,9 51,5
1,898 - 5,1 7,7 10,3 15,4 25,7 30,9 51,5
1,899 - 5,1 7,7 10,3 15,4 25,7 30,9 51,4
1,900 - 5,1 7,7 10,3 15,4 25,7 30,8 51,4
1,901 - 5,1 7,7 10,3 15,4 25,7 30,8 51,3
1,902 - 5,1 7,7 10,3 15,4 25,6 30,8 51,3
1,903 - 5,1 7,7 10,2 15,4 25,6 30,7 51,2
1,904 - 5,1 7,7 10,2 15,3 25,6 30,7 51,2

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,905 - 5,1 7,7 10,2 15,3 25,5 30,7 51,1

1,906 - 5,1 7,7 10,2 15,3 25,5 30,6 51,0
1,907 - 5,1 7,6 10,2 15,3 25,5 30,6 51,0
1,908 - 5,1 7,6 10,2 15,3 25,5 30,6 50,9
1,909 - 5,1 7,6 10,2 15,3 25,4 30,5 50,9
1,910 - 5,1 7,6 10,2 15,2 25,4 30,5 50,8
1,911 - 5,1 7,6 10,2 15,2 25,4 30,5 50,8
1,912 - 5,1 7,6 10,1 15,2 25,4 30,4 50,7
1,913 - 5,1 7,6 10,1 15,2 25,3 30,4 50,7
1,914 - 5,1 7,6 10,1 15,2 25,3 30,4 50,6
1,915 - 5,1 7,6 10,1 15,2 25,3 30,3 50,6
1,916 - 5,1 7,6 10,1 15,2 25,3 30,3 50,5
1,917 - 5,0 7,6 10,1 15,1 25,2 30,3 50,5
1,918 - 5,0 7,6 10,1 15,1 25,2 30,2 50,4
1,919 - 5,0 7,6 10,1 15,1 25,2 30,2 50,4
1,920 - 5,0 7,5 10,1 15,1 25,2 30,2 50,3
1,921 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,1 25,1 30,2 50,3
1,922 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,1 25,1 30,1 50,2
1,923 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 25,1 30,1 50,1
1,924 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 25,0 30,1 50,1
Page: 183
1,925 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 25,0 30,0 50,0
1,926 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 25,0 30,0 50,0
1,927 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 25,0 30,0 49,9
1,928 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 24,9 29,9 49,9
1,929 - 5,0 7,5 10,0 15,0 24,9 29,9 49,8
1,930 - - 7,5 10,0 14,9 24,9 29,9 49,8
1,931 - - 7,5 9,9 14,9 24,9 29,8 49,7
1,932 - - 7,5 9,9 14,9 24,8 29,8 49,7
1,933 - - 7,4 9,9 14,9 24,8 29,8 49,6
1,934 - - 7,4 9,9 14,9 24,8 29,7 49,6
1,935 - - 7,4 9,9 14,9 24,8 29,7 49,5
1,936 - - 7,4 9,9 14,8 24,7 29,7 49,5
1,937 - - 7,4 9,9 14,8 24,7 29,7 49,4
1,938 - - 7,4 9,9 14,8 24,7 29,6 49,4
1,939 - - 7,4 9,9 14,8 24,7 29,6 49,3
1,940 - - 7,4 9,9 14,8 24,6 29,6 49,3
1,941 - - 7,4 9,8 14,8 24,6 29,5 49,2
1,942 - - 7,4 9,8 14,8 24,6 29,5 49,2
1,943 - - 7,4 9,8 14,7 24,6 29,5 49,1
1,944 - - 7,4 9,8 14,7 24,5 29,4 49,1
1,945 - - 7,4 9,8 14,7 24,5 29,4 49,0
1,946 - - 7,3 9,8 14,7 24,5 29,4 49,0
1,947 - - 7,3 9,8 14,7 24,5 29,4 48,9

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,948 - - 7,3 9,8 14,7 24,4 29,3 48,9

1,949 - - 7,3 9,8 14,6 24,4 29,3 48,8
1,950 - - 7,3 9,8 14,6 24,4 29,3 48,8
1,951 - - 7,3 9,7 14,6 24,4 29,2 48,7
1,952 - - 7,3 9,7 14,6 24,3 29,2 48,7
1,953 - - 7,3 9,7 14,6 24,3 29,2 48,6
1,954 - - 7,3 9,7 14,6 24,3 29,1 48,6
1,955 - - 7,3 9,7 14,6 24,3 29,1 48,5
1,956 - - 7,3 9,7 14,5 24,2 29,1 48,5
1,957 - - 7,3 9,7 14,5 24,2 29,1 48,4
1,958 - - 7,3 9,7 14,5 24,2 29,0 48,4
1,959 - - 7,2 9,7 14,5 24,2 29,0 48,3
1,960 - - 7,2 9,7 14,5 24,1 29,0 48,3
1,961 - - 7,2 9,6 14,5 24,1 28,9 48,2
1,962 - - 7,2 9,6 14,5 24,1 28,9 48,2
1,963 - - 7,2 9,6 14,4 24,1 28,9 48,1
1,964 - - 7,2 9,6 14,4 24,0 28,8 48,1
1,965 - - 7,2 9,6 14,4 24,0 28,8 48,0
1,966 - - 7,2 9,6 14,4 24,0 28,8 48,0
Page: 184
1,967 - - 7,2 9,6 14,4 24,0 28,8 47,9
1,968 - - 7,2 9,6 14,4 23,9 28,7 47,9
1,969 - - 7,2 9,6 14,3 23,9 28,7 47,8
1,970 - - 7,2 9,6 14,3 23,9 28,7 47,8
1,971 - - 7,2 9,5 14,3 23,9 28,6 47,7
1,972 - - 7,2 9,5 14,3 23,8 28,6 47,7
1,973 - - 7,1 9,5 14,3 23,8 28,6 47,6
1,974 - - 7,1 9,5 14,3 23,8 28,6 47,6
1,975 - - 7,1 9,5 14,3 23,8 28,5 47,5
1,976 - - 7,1 9,5 14,2 23,7 28,5 47,5
1,977 - - 7,1 9,5 14,2 23,7 28,5 47,4
1,978 - - 7,1 9,5 14,2 23,7 28,4 47,4
1,979 - - 7,1 9,5 14,2 23,7 28,4 47,4
1,980 - - 7,1 9,5 14,2 23,6 28,4 47,3
1,981 - - 7,1 9,4 14,2 23,6 28,4 47,3
1,982 - - 7,1 9,4 14,2 23,6 28,3 47,2
1,983 - - 7,1 9,4 14,1 23,6 28,3 47,2
1,984 - - 7,1 9,4 14,1 23,6 28,3 47,1
1,985 - - 7,1 9,4 14,1 23,5 28,2 47,1
1,986 - - 7,1 9,4 14,1 23,5 28,2 47,0
1,987 - - 7,0 9,4 14,1 23,5 28,2 47,0
1,988 - - 7,0 9,4 14,1 23,5 28,2 46,9
1,989 - - 7,0 9,4 14,1 23,4 28,1 46,9
1,990 - - 7,0 9,4 14,0 23,4 28,1 46,8

mean of 49.03 98.07 147.1 196.1 294.2 490.3 588.4 980.7
the 0.1891 ∗ F
diagonal HV =
of the d2
d
1,991 - - 7,0 9,4 14,0 23,4 28,1 46,8

1,992 - - 7,0 9,3 14,0 23,4 28,0 46,7
1,993 - - 7,0 9,3 14,0 23,3 28,0 46,7
1,994 - - 7,0 9,3 14,0 23,3 28,0 46,6
1,995 - - 7,0 9,3 14,0 23,3 28,0 46,6
1,996 - - 7,0 9,3 14,0 23,3 27,9 46,5
1,997 - - 7,0 9,3 14,0 23,2 27,9 46,5
1,998 - - 7,0 9,3 13,9 23,2 27,9 46,5
1,999 - - 7,0 9,3 13,9 23,2 27,8 46,4
Page: 185
Drawings 602.1 – 602.2 – 602.3 –602.4 – 602.5
Page: 186
Drawings 602.6 – 602.7
Page: 187
Drawings 602.8 – 602.9
Page: 188
Drawings 602.11 – 602.12 – 603.13 – 604.14
Page: 189
Wiring diagram “206 EX”
Page: 190
Wiring diagram “206 MX”
Page: 191
Affri Hardness Testers gamma
Gamma Shore
206 RSD
Page: 192
270 VRS A
Page: 193
3332 MRS A
LD 3000 AF
Page: 194
MRS 3000
RSD Magnetic
Page: 195
WIKI 200
Page: 196
MRS BOT
VT 100
Page: 197

User's Guide to the 206 EX-MX Hardness Tester

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User's Guide to the 206 EX-MX Hardness Tester

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USER’S GUIDE

Publication edited in compliance with the requirements of the

INSTRUMENT FOR DETERMINING THE HARDNESS

MODEL 206 EX/EX2/EXS/MX/MXS

YEAR OF MANUFACTURE _________

1.2 CONTENTS OF TRANSPORT PACKAGING 13

1.3 GENERAL WARRANTY TERMS 16

1.4 DIMENSIONS OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENT 18

1.5 INSTALLATION AND HANDLING OF THE MEASURING INSTRUMENT 19

1.5.1 Lifting and setting 19

1.5.2 Fastening of the instrument 20

1.5.3 Operating space and ergonomics 20

1.5.4 Installation methods 21

1.5.5 Installation with table 21

1.5.6 Electrical connection 22

1.6 MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENT 206 EX 23

1.6.1. Tool description 23

1.6.2 Use the machine has been designed for 23

1.6.3 Technical Data 24

1.6.4 Environmental conditions advised 25

1.7 LIMITS, DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE RULES 26

2.0 USE CONDITIONS OF THE TOOL 27

2.1 DANGERS AND PRESCRIPTION LIST 28

2.2 PERMITTED UTILIZATIONS OF THIS INSTRUMENT 30

2.3 UNPERMITTED UTILIZATIONS OF THIS INSTRUMENT 33

2.4 FORESEEABLE WRONG USAGE OF THE MACHINE AND DANGEROUS SITUATIONS 34

3.1 HARDNESS TESTS UTILIZATION 36

3.2 HARDNESS SCALES AND TEST METHODS 37

3.2.1 Rockwell method 38

3.2.2 Brinell method 39

3.2.3 Vickers method 40

3.3 CHOICE OF THE TEST TO USE 41

3.4 PROGRAMMING TABLES AND INDICATIVE UTILIZATIONS OF THE LOADS 45

3.5 TEST SETTING 46

3.5.1 Test surface setting 46

3.5.2 Indenter change 47

3.5.3 Assembly of the piece-presser cope 48

3.5.4 Load Change 49

3.5.5 Preload Change (only EX2) 50

3.6 ELECTRONIC PANEL UTILIZATION 51

3.6.1 Switch on and off 51

3.6.2 Electronics survey 52

3.6.3 Electronic panel functionings 53

3.7 THE TEST CYLE 65

3.7.1 Test procedure with piece-presser cope assembled 66

3.8 ADJUSTMENT OF THE ROCKWELL HARDNESS VALUES 67

3.9 CONVERSION OF HARDNESS VALUES 72

4.1 CHECK OF THE OBTAINED RESULTS OF THE MEASUREMENT 78

4.1.1 Measurement results control for Rockwell method 78

4.1.2 Measurement results control for Brinell method 79

4.1.3 Measurement results control for Vickers method 80

4.1.4 Utilization of the microscope to obtain measures 82

4.2 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR 84

4.3 ANOMALIES INDIVIDUALIZATION AND THEIR QUICK REMOVAL 85

4.4 SUPPORT CALL 86

4.5 STORAGE OF THE MACHINE 87

4.5.1 Overall dimensions of the packaging 87

4.6 ASSEMBLY AND DISPOSAL 87

4.6.1 Sequential phases of assembly and dismantling 87

4.6.2 Safety decommissioning 87

5.1 SPARE PARTS LIST “206 EX/EXS” 88

5.2 FITTING LISTS “206 MX/MXS” 90