Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Spring 2008-09
– Pre-requisites if any
– Administrative information
Contents
• Introduction & Historical Review
• Uses of Mobile Radio Different Services
• Cellular Systems & Frequency Reuse, Capacity, Path Loss, Wireless Link
• Multi-path fading and fading channels, Diversity Techniques,
Equalization, Analog and digital Modulation techniques for mobile radio
• Cellular Networks, signalling and control, connection to fixed networks,
• Mobile Radio Transmitters , Rx and link design,
• Multiple access methods,
• Systems eg. GSM, Is 95, 3G Cellular,
• Details of GSM
• + 4G
• ++ RRM, Radio Network Planning, MAC & Link control mechanisms,
• +++ Radio Access Technologies, WCDMA, OFDM(A), SC-FDMA, Air
Interfaces in 3G, UWB, MIMO concepts
Schedule
1 2 3 4 5
W F1 R E1
E C2 C3
D
T C4 M B4
H D4 F2
U
F E4 O F4
R G3 E3
I
Teaching Assistants
• A Venkata Keerthana
– 07EC6414
– Keerthana.ece@gmail.com
– 097324426401
• Vikas Agarwal
– 07EC6417
– Vikasvikas85@gmail.com
– 09734404986
Lecture 1, on 1/12/2008
• Contents
– Course Contents & syllabus
Defense Forces
Need to be wireless….where wire-line is limited
Emergency
Rural
Need to be wireless….where wire-line is limited
• Always Connected
• Challenge1
• Minimize Power requirement , Maximize Coverage
– Good system design
» Good transmission technology and link budget
– Good Receiver algorithm design
» equalization, synchronization, decoding
– Good Receiver and Transmitter implementation
» VLSI, CMOS technology
– Mobility support
• Handover
• Roaming
Introduction
• Further uses of mobile radio: look up text books
1860
1890s Nicola Tesla demonstrates radio telegraphy
Mobility
1995 2000 2005 2010+
3G+
4G
(B3G)
High
3G
Speed ( IMT2000 )
DV
V -DO/
E
A 2000 HSDPA WiBro
2G CDM -CDMA / 802.16e
Medium ( Digital ) W
A
Speed /TDM
SM
1G M A/ G High speed RFID
CD WLAN WPAN
( Analog ) ZigBee
5 GHz /g MANet
.11a Wi-Max
AMPS WLAN 2
Low ETACS 2.4 GHz 80
Speed JTACS WLAN
802.11b Bluetooth
NMT PAN
Data
~ 14.4 kbps 144 kbps 384 kbps <50 Mbps <100 Mbps Rates
High speed
4G/ IMT-A PN &
PN Federation
WLAN WiBro
802.16e 2010+
WPAN
WiMAX
3G
Bluetooth
2.4 GHz
2000
WLAN
1997
1995
2G
1990
1G
1980
Ref: Prasad lecture notes
Time Required for New Technology Development and Deployment
Deployment
Implementation
Spectrum
allocation
10 years
Satellites and
broadcasting
HAPS
Personalization,
•Globalinteractive
Global Interactive
context, location,
•communication system presence, security,
and identity
(4G)
•(4G)
http://williamstallings.com/Extras/Telecom.html
History of Networks
• 1968 The CCITT (Now ITU-T) standards organization publishes first "Group 1"
standards for facsimile machines
• 1968 DARPA selected BBN to develop the ARPANET, the father of the modern
Internet
• 1960's Late in the decade, modems appear at 4800 bps using 8-phase PSK and at
9600 bps using quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) with a 16-point constellation
• 1970 First low-loss optical fiber announced having an attenuation of 20 dB/km
• 1970's Packet switching emerges as an efficient means of data communications, with
the X.25 standard emerging late in the decade
• 1976 Ethernet invented by Robert Metcalf, leading to 1-Mbps to 10-Mbps Ethernet
local area networks (LANs) based on the IEEE 802.3 standard
• 1977 The Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), invented by Bell Labs, first
installed in the US with geographic regions divided into "cells" (i.e., cellular
telephone)
• 1978 The L5E-carrier system installed to support 132,000 telephone using frequency
division multiplexing over 10 pairs of coax cables
• 1983 January 1, TCP/IP selected as the official protocol for the ARPANET, leading to
rapid growth
• ISDN, SONET, LAN, ATM,
• LEO Satellite Systems
• 1993 Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) established for reliable transmission over the
internet in conjunction with the Transport Control Protocol (TCP)
• ADSL …….
http://williamstallings.com/Extras/Telecom.html