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M 1000 33. T b = m × k b
14. m = d 1000 M M of solute
w 10 1000
0.3 = kb
M 1000 100 100
3 = k b = 0.3
1.110 M 40
3.33 – 120 M = M × 1000 M T M 0 58.50 31.80
39. = M0 = = 0.8396 = 83.96%
3.33 = M(1120) 31.80
M = 2.97 40. 3A A3
16. The concentration of solution (ppm) 1– /3
wt.of solute i = 1 – + /3 = 100 %
5
= 10 6 = 10 6 5 ppm 1
wt.of solvent 10 6 1
= 1 – 1 + =
31. T b = m × k b 3 3
52. 5% solution means 100 mL solution contain 5
T b = 0.69 × 0.513°C
g cane sugar
T b = 0.69 × 0.513°C
0.877 % means 100 mL solution contain 0.877
T solut ion – T solvent = 0.359°C
g X isotonic solution C 1 = C 2
T solut ion – 99.725°C = 0.359°C
T solut ion = 100.0789°C 5 0.877
= M 100
32. T f = i × m × k f [NaCl = Na + + Cl – ] 342 100 W
T f = 2 × 1 × 1 × 1.86 i = 2 0.877
MW = 342 = 59.98
T f = 3.72 5
T solvent = T solut ion = 3.72 54. Osmotic pressure Colligative properties
O° – T solution = 3.72 OP = iCRT
T solut ion = – 3.72°C AlCl 3 (i = 4), BaCl 2 (i = 3), Urea (i = 1)
2. T b = i × K b × m 12
60 0.2
(x 1) 0.52 0.25 1000 = = = 0.025
5.93 × 10 –3 = 12 140.4 0.2 7.8
M 10
60 18
(x 1) –4
= 4.56 × 10 ... (i)
M Beaker B ( ) :-
M
= 23x ... (ii) Mole fraction of glucose (
)
100
From equation (i) and (ii)
18
( (i) (ii) ) x = 20.34 20 180
= 0.01
Formula of protein ( ) = H20P 1 8 178.2
M = 2300 × 20 – 20 × 23 + 23 = 45563 amu 180 18
3. A + B A n + B Mole fraction of glucose is less so vapour pressure
P M = P A° X A + P B° X B above the glucose solution will be higher than the
Let a mole of A are left due to polymerization after pressure above urea solution, so some H 2O mol-
100 min. (
100 min. ecules will transfer from glucose to urea side in order
A a
.) to make the solutions of equal mole fraction to
a 12 attain equilibrium. Let x mole of H 2O transfered
P M = 300 500 ... (i)
12 a 12 a (
k =
2.303
log
10
... (ii)
100 a
after 100 minute solute is added & final vapour
pressure is 400 mm Hg i.e. P s = 400
H2O
(100
x
H2O
400 mm Hg
P s = 400 )
)
7. C 2 H 5 OH V 1 = 20 mL, d 1 = 0.7893 g/mL
0.2 0.1
= x = 4 m 1 = 15.786 g
0.2 7.8 x 0.1 9.9 x
H 2 O V 2 = 40 mL, d 2 = 0.9971 g/mL
now mass of glucose solution (
m 2 = 39.884 g
) = 196.2 – 18 × 4 = 124.2
Total mass = 55.65 g
18 d sol. = 0.9571 g/mL
wt. % of glucose (
%) = 100
124.2 V sol. = 58.14 mL
14.49 % 60 – 58.14
5. Let nB mole of B present in 1 mole of mixture that % change = × 100 = 3.1 %
60
has been vaporized.
15.766 1000
(
1
B nB
m = = 8.6
46 39.884
)
8. P T = P A°X A + P B°X B = P A°X A + P B° (1 – X A )
Thus, Y B = n B
P T = P B° + X A (P A° – P B°)
X B =1 – n B
PA A PA A
YA = =
P = P A° X A + P B ° X B = P A° + X B (P B ° – P A° ) PT PB X A (PA PB )
P PA 0.4X A
XB = = 1 – nB ...(i) 0.4 =
PB PA 1.2 – 0.8X A
12 PV = 1 × 0.0821 × 293
XB = = 0.6 X T = 0.4 P = 74.74 mm Hg
20
It vapour pressure of benzene at 27°C is P 1 then
P T = 271 × 0.6 + 92 × 0.4 = 199.4
271 0.6 P1 H V 1 1
YB = = 0.815 ln
199.4 P R T T1
Y T = 0.185
On further condensation P1 394.57 78 1 1
X B = 0.815, X T = 0.185 ln
74.74
=
8.314 293 300
T f = k f × m T f = i × k f × m
2 i = 1 – = 0.7643
m = = 1.075 2
1.86
= 0.4713
so in 1000 g H 2O 1.075 mole solute
2A
A2
1.075
in 1 g H 2O mole solute
1000 C
1.075 C–C C/2
in 0.9 × 18 g H2O × 0.9 × 18 mole solute
1000
C / 2
mole of solute (n) = 0.0174.15 k = 2 =
(C C ) 2C(1 ) 2
P Ps n 760 700
= = 0.0857 0.4713
Ps N 0.0851 k = = 3.225
2 0.2614(1 0.4713)2
0.017415
moles of H 2 O (N) = = 0.2032 23. P T = 1.5 [T + ] = 0.0316 = C .......(i)
0.0857
0.372 = 1.86 × C (1 + )
moles of Ice separate out = 0.9 – 0.2032 = 0.6968
C + C = 0.2 ......(ii)
mass of Ice separate out = 0.6968 × 18 = 12.54g
20. T f = (1 + ) k f × m from equation (i) & (ii)
0.21 = (1 + ) × 1.86 × 0.109 C = 0.1684, = 0.1876
1 + = 1.0358
= 0.0358 C 2 0.1684(0.1876) 2
ka = = = 7.3 × 10 – 3
1 (1 0.1876 )
C 2 0.109(0.0358) 2
ka = = = 1.44 × 10 – 4
1 1 0.0358 In 600 mL solution [TF]=C–C=0.1368 mole/L
21. NH 4ClNH 4++Cl –, NH 4++H 2O NH 4OH+ H + so moles = 0.1368 × 0.6 = 0.08208
C C
C–C C C C–Ch Ch Ch 0.08208
moles left after 24.8 years = = 0.02052
4
C C C + C C h C h C h
i =
C moles disinitegrated
= (1 + + h) = 0.08208 – 0.02052 = 0.06156
T f = i × k f × m moles of -particle emittted = 0.06156