Department of Education

Region VI-Western Visayas

Detailed Lesson Plan

I. Learning Competency:
General Objective: Describe the main functions of the major organs
(S4LT-IIa-b-1)
Specific Objective: Describe the structure and function of kidneys.

II. Content:
“Kidneys”
Key Concepts:
 The kidneys are bean-shaped paired organs which are about four to five
inches long and two to three inches wide.
 The kidneys are the major organs of the urinary system which perform
two major functions: (1) remove liquid waste from the blood in the form
of urine; and (2) keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in
the blood and produce a hormone that aids the formation of blood cells.
A. Materials:
Illustration of the kidney
Funnel or improvised funnel using half of the plastic bottle
filter paper or old clean cloth (katcha)
scissors
flour
sand salt
patis or soy sauce
water
beaker or clean cup
B. References:
Science 4 Curriculum Guide
Science 4 LM, pp. 78 to 80
Science 4 TG, pp. 84 to 87
C. Process Skills:
observing, describing, inferring, manipulating, predicting
D. Value Integration:
Proper care of the body organs
III. Learning Tasks:
A. Engagement:
1. How often do you urinate in a day? (answers may vary)
2. Have you ask yourself where our urine came from?
3. What organ in our body produces urine?
4. Draw out the concepts of the pupils and ask them to answer the K and W
parts of the KWL Chart. Tell them that the L part will be filled out after
the lesson.
 KWL Chart
K W L
(What do you (What do you want (What have you
know?) to know) learned?)
(Urine is a liquid (What organ
waste that comes produces the urine?
out of the body.) How does it look
like?)
5. Today, we will study the body organ responsible for cleaning our blood.

B. Exploration:
1. Grouping of pupils
2. Setting of standards for group work
3. Distributing of materials and activity cards
4. Activity proper
5. Reporting by groups

C. Explanation:
Discuss the groups’ output using the following questions;
1. What did you observe when you poured the mixture into the filtering
device? (Some particles or materials remained in the filter paper. The filter
paper/cloth filters the mixture. Liquid passes through the filter.)
2. Which body part can be represented by the mixture? (The blood can be
represented by the mixture.)
3. What went through the filter paper? (A mixture of liquid without particles
or residues)
4. What is the role of the filter paper? (It filters the mixture. It separates
coarse materials from liquid materials.)
5. What can be represented by those that did not pass through the filter
paper? (waste materials)
6. What role did the filter paper play in relation to the functions of kidneys?
(The filter paper is like the kidney. It filters or removes the waste
materials from our blood.)
7. Show the illustration of the kidney and discuss its structure and functions
using the following questions;
 Describe the structure of kidneys. (The kidneys are bean-shaped
paired organs which are about four to five inches long and two to
three inches wide)
 What makes our right kidney slightly lower than our left kidney?
(The right kidney is slightly lower due to the presence of liver on
the right region of the body.)
 What is the filtering unit of the kidney? (nephrons)
 What are the functions of the kidneys? (Kidneys remove liquid
waste of the body by filtering the blood and keeps stable balance
of substances in the body.)

D. Exploration:
1. This time, we are going to fill up the column L of the KWL chart.
Guide questions in answering the column L of the KWL chart.
 How do the kidneys look like?
 What are the functions of the kidneys?
 KWL Chart
K W L
(What do you (What do you (What have you learned?)
know?) want to know)
1. The kidneys are bean-shaped paired
organs which are about four to five
inches long and two to three inches
Urine is a liquid What organ
wide.
waste that produces the
2. The kidneys remove waste of the
comes out of urine? How does
body in a form of urine by filtering
the body. it look like?
the blood and it keeps a stable
balance of substances in the body.

2. Ana had been eating a lot of junk foods/cheese curls and drinking much
soft drinks lately. She seldom drinks water too. As a result, she is
experiencing pain and difficulty in urinating. Why is it so? What do you
think will happen to her if she continues with her habit? If you are Ana,
will you do the same? Why?

E. Evaluation:
Choose the letter which corresponds with the correct answer.
1. Which illustration shows the kidneys of our body?

A. C.

B. D.
 2. The following statements describe the kidneys of our body. Which one
does not belong to the group?
A. It looks like a funnel.
B. It is 2 to 3 inches wide.
C. It is about 4 to 5 inches long.
D. It is a bean-shape pair of organ.

3. Study the statements in the box. Which describes the function of the
kidneys?

A. I, II, III C. I, III, IV

B. I, II, IV D. II, III, IV

4. Waste in our body is filtered from the blood through the kidneys. What do
you call the filtering unit in our kidney?
A. Nephrons C. Nerves
B. Neurons D. Urethra

IV. Assignment:
Kidneys play an important role as it removes the waste in our body.
List down ways to avoid ailments of the kidneys.
 ACTIVITY CARD

Functions of the Kidneys

What you need:

Funnel or improvised funnel using half of the plastic bottle
filter paper or old clean cloth (katcha)
scissors
flour
sand salt
patis or soy sauce
water
beaker or clean cup

What to do:
1. Form a cone with the filter paper,
then, line it in the inside of the funnel or improvised
funnel (inverted upper part of the bottle to form a
filter).
2. Mix the water, soy sauce or patis,
ketchup, flour, salt and a little amount of sand in a
beaker or cup. Stir slightly.
3. Pour the mixture into the funnel or
improvise filtering device.
4. Observe what happens.
5. Record your observation.

Questions:
1. What happened when you poured the mixture into the funnel?
2. Did all the mixture go down the beaker?
3. What was left on the filter paper?
4. If the mixture represents the blood in our body, what represents the funnel?
5. What can be represented by those that did not pass through?

Prepared By
Group High Five _ Section 3
Perl Joy D. Bantolo - Antique
Reuben T. Melanio - Aklan
Desiree G. Casildo - Guimaras
Rhania P. Palmejar - Iloilo
Hannah Alexis C. Lescano- Negros Occ.
Dolores C. Flores - Sipalay City
Hever A. Callado - Iloilo Province
Marilou O. Dila Peña - Iloilo Province
Mary Grace S. Ariate - Cadiz
Mary Rose L. Ballano - Iloilo Province