Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr. Akhmad Rizali
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Internet of Things (IoT)
• The Internet of Things (IoT) encapsulates a vision of a
world in which billions of objects with embedded
intelligence, communication means, and sensing and
actuation capabilities will connect over IP (Internet
Protocol) networks
• Internet has undergone a fundamental transition, from
hardware‐driven (computers, fibers, and Ethernet
cables) to market‐driven (Facebook, Amazon)
opportunities
• Smart objects and cyber‐physical systems – or just
“things” – are the new IoT entities, allowing them to
gather data from the environment and act upon it, and
giving them an interface to the physical world
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Internet
History of the Internet and the World
Wide Web
• The Internet and the World Wide Web have a whole‐to
‐part relationship. The Internet is the large container,
and the Web is a part within the container
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History of the Internet and the World
Wide Web
• British physicist Tim Berners‐Lee invented the web at
CERN in 1989
• The project, which Berners‐Lee named World Wide
Web, was originally conceived and developed to
meet the demand for information sharing between
physicists in universities and institutes around the
world
• He started W3C.org, which sets the standards for
code used in web pages
• Sir Tim Berners‐Lee wants the WWW to be free to
everyone
Website and Internet Terms
• Webpage: A document that can be viewed by
people navigating the World Wide Web
• Website: A group of related webpages
• Home Page: A “Home” navigation button of a
website displays that website’s home page
• Browser: A software application that allows
navigation of the World Wide Web
• ISP: Internet Service Provider ‐ maintain and
support network connectivity for customers
Comcast, AT&T, NetZero
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Website and Internet Terms
• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): Common
computer language used to create web pages.
• Plug‐in: A software component that adds a
specific feature to an existing software
application
• Examples: Adobe Flash Player, Adobe Reader,
Real Player, Windows Silverlight, and Java
• Be careful when downloading plug‐ins. Some
might be used to hijack your browser, run adware
or spyware, or include unwanted programs or
toolbars
Website and Internet Terms
• Extension: similar to a plug‐in, but provided by
the same company
• For example: Google has many extensions for
Google Apps; however, to view a pdf file, a
user needs the Adobe Reader plug‐in
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Website and Internet Terms
• URL: (Uniform Resource Locator): This is the web
address of a website. The Domain Name System
(DNS) keeps track of all URLs so no two websites
may have the same one
• Each URL has a unique IP address, which is four
sets of three digits like this 123.123.123.123.
Think of it as a phone number
• Entering the website’s URL into a browser is much
easier than entering the website’s IP address.
• For example, Google’s IP Address is
74.125.225.114, but it’s much easier to enter
www.google.com
Common Top‐Level Domains
• .com Commercial
• .edu Education
• .gov Government
• .mil Military
• .org Nonprofit organization
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Browsing
Browser
• When choosing a browser, choose one that is
has the features you use, is secure, fast, and
easy to use
• http://internet‐browser‐
review.toptenreviews.com/
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Operator
Operator Example Results
AND Nutrition AND Apples Results about both nutrition and
apples
OR Apples OR Oranges All results containing Apples as well
as all results containing Oranges
NOT Oranges NOT color Oranges, but not the color orange
Combo (Nutrition OR Vitamins) Results may have Nutrition Or
AND Apples Vitamins, but must have Apples
NEAR Nutrition NEAR Apples Results must have both Nutrition and
Apples, and these words must be
near each other
“ “ “Red Apples” Exact phrase
Site: “Apple Pie” AND vegan Results must be at
Site: allrecipies.com www.allrecipies.com and
contain “Apple Pie” and Vegan
Google
• When using Google, Search Tools allow users
to include criteria such as images, image size
or how recently the content was published
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Google
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Use Google’s Advanced Search to narrow
down a search even more
Safe Surfing
• HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over
Secure Socket Layer): be sure HTTPS is in the
address bar when completing forms that
should be secure, such as credit card
information, reading email, checking grades,
or modifying account information
• To view a certificate, click the Lock in the
address bar, click View Certificates Can you
view the certificate on
• https://canvas.instructure.com?
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Passwords
• Change your passwords frequently
• Never give out your passwords
• Don’t use the same password for everything
• Passwords should be at least 8 characters
long; and include symbols, numbers, upper
case, and lower case
• Passwords should not easily guessed. Don’t
use your birthday or names of family
members, friends, or pets
Browser Term
• Cache: Internet browsers use caching to store
HTML web pages by storing a copy of visited
pages and then using that copy to render
when you re‐visit that page
• If the date on the page is the same date as the
previously stored copy, then the computer
uses the one on your hard drive rather than
re‐downloading it from the internet.
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Cookies
• Are small files stored on your computer
• Saved when a user visits Web sites
• Collect information used for:
customizing Web sites
collecting demographic information for advertisers
tracking user preferences
Bad Cookies
• Could be considered an invasion of privacy
• Track which Web sites you visit
• Track where you go on the Web site
• Can be pulled from multiple sources to build a
“profile” of your habits
• users may be unaware any of these actions
are taking place
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Good Cookies
• Are useful for customizing advertisements
• prevent young people from being targeted
with walkers and the elderly do not end up
with banner ads for skydiving
• Identify your home computer when using it to
re‐access ecommerce sites
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When to use email
• If the communication will require a lot of
back‐and‐forth discussion or if the subject
is delicate or sensitive you should call or
speak with the person directly
• If a discussion is becoming emotionally
charged, stop exchanging emails
• Speak to the person directly to clear up any
misunderstandings
When to use email
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Effective subject lines
• Clarity
• Descriptive
• Critical information
Ineffective subject lines
Subject: Date:
Hi 9:17 am
questions 10:11 am
Meeting 12:44 pm
One more thing........... 3:02 pm
Some thoughts 4:21pm
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Effective subject lines
Subject: Date:
Party planning meeting rescheduled for 3pm 9:17 am
Help: I can’t find the draft for the Smith Paper 10:11 am
Reminder: peer‐review articles due tomorrow (3/30) 12:44 pm
Questions about Sociology 210 project 3:02 pm
Congratulations to Jennifer for winning Nobel Prize 4:21pm
Email Content
• Before you start writing, ask yourself…..
Is this truly the correct person to contact?
What is my goal?
Should this conversation be held in person or over
the phone?
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Email Content
Use a polite and respectful greeting and
closing
Professor Anderson,…….
Respectfully,....
Sincerely,…..
Email Content
• Brevity and clarity
• Try to keep each email short
• Use paragraphs (5 sentences each)
• Is this message scannable and actionable?
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Email Content
• Use topic sentences
• One topic per email
• Provide important dates or references
• Put each action or point on its own line
Format
• Plain‐text vs HTML
Plain‐text is always preferable
• Send from your university account
DON’T TYPE IN ALL‐CAPS, IT LOOKS LIKE SHOUTING
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Email Signature
• Use an appropriate signature
• Brief (4‐5 lines)
• Informative
provide all contact information
• Professional
do not include pictures, quotes,
animations
Professionalism
• Always spell‐check before sending
• Set your email program to automatically
check before sending
• Re‐read email for other spelling, grammar
and punctuation errors.
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Remember…
• Emails are permanent
• Emails are searchable
Terimakasih
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