You are on page 1of 22

PHASE DIAGRAM

5th Topics

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Water P-T Diagram

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Temperature vs
Composition

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Iron-Iron
Iron Iron Carbide Diagram

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Cementite (Fe3C):
• Cementite is also known as iron
carbide which has a chemical formula,
Fe3C. It contains 6.67 % Carbon by y
weight.
• It is a typical
yp hard and brittle interstitial
compound of low tensile strength
(approximately 5,000 psi) but high
compressive i strength.
t th
• Its crystal structure is orthorhombic.
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
AUSTENITE (γ iron):

• It is also known as (γ) gamma


gamma-iron,
iron, which is
an interstitial solid solution of carbon
dissolved in iron with a face centered cubic
crystal (F.C.C) structure.
• Average properties of austenite are:
– Tensile strengthÆ150,000 psi.
– Elongation Æ10 % in 2 in gage length.
– H d
Hardness Æ Rockwell
R k ll C 40
– Toughness Æ High

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Austenite (gamma iron)
crystall structure

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
FERRITE (α iron)
• It is also known as (α ) alpha -iron,
-iron
which is an interstitial solid solution of
a small amount of carbon dissolved in
iron with a Body Centered Cubic
(B C C ) crystal structure.
(B.C.C.) structure
• It is the softest structure on the iron-
iron carbide diagram
diagram.

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Properties of Ferrite
• Tensile Strength Æ 40,000 psi
• Elongation Æ 40 % in 2 in
gage
g g length
g
• Hardness Æ Less than
Rockwell C 0 or less than
Rockwell B 90.
• Toughness Æ Low

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science Ferrite (alpha iron) crystal structure
PEARLITE (α + Fe3C)
• It is the eutectoid mixture containing
0.83 % Carbon and is formed at 1333 oF
on very slow cooling.
cooling
• It is very fine platelike or lamellar
mixture of ferrite and cementite
cementite.
• The structure of pearlite includes a
white
hit matrix
t i (f
(ferritic
iti bbackground)
k d)
which includes thin plates of cementite.
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
Average Properties

• Tensile Strength Æ 120,000 psi


El ti Æ 20 % iin 2 iin gage llength
• Elongation th
• Hardness Æ Rockwell C 20 or BHN 250-
300

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Pearlite microstructure
(Light background is the ferrite matrix,
dark lines are the cementite network))

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
• If there is not enough carbon,
carbon that is less
than 0.83 %, the carbon and the iron will
combine to form Fe3C until all the carbon
is consumed. This cementite will combine
with the required amount of ferrite to form
pearlite.
• If,
If there is an excess of carbon above 0 0.83
83
% in the austenite, pearlite will be formed

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
LEDEBURITE (α + Fe3C)
• It is the eutectic mixture of austenite
and cementite.
• It contains 4.3 % Carbon and
represents the eutectic of cast iron.
• Ledeburite exists when the carbon
content is greater than 2 %, which
p
represents the dividing
g line on the
equilibrium diagram between steel and
cast iron.
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science
(δ ) DELTA IRON
• Delta iron exists between 2552 and 2802 oF.
• It may exist in combination with the melt to
about 0.50 % Carbon,, in combination with
austenite to about 0.18 % Carbon and in a
single phase state out to about 0.10 %
carbon.
• Delta iron has the Body Centered Cubic
(B C C) crystall structure and
(B.C.C) d is
i magnetic.
i

Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.


Lecture Note Material Science
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science

You might also like