Lecture Note Material Science Temperature vs Composition
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Iron-Iron Iron Iron Carbide Diagram
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Cementite (Fe3C): • Cementite is also known as iron carbide which has a chemical formula, Fe3C. It contains 6.67 % Carbon by y weight. • It is a typical yp hard and brittle interstitial compound of low tensile strength (approximately 5,000 psi) but high compressive i strength. t th • Its crystal structure is orthorhombic. Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science AUSTENITE (γ iron):
• It is also known as (γ) gamma
gamma-iron, iron, which is an interstitial solid solution of carbon dissolved in iron with a face centered cubic crystal (F.C.C) structure. • Average properties of austenite are: – Tensile strengthÆ150,000 psi. – Elongation Æ10 % in 2 in gage length. – H d Hardness Æ Rockwell R k ll C 40 – Toughness Æ High
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Austenite (gamma iron) crystall structure
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science FERRITE (α iron) • It is also known as (α ) alpha -iron, -iron which is an interstitial solid solution of a small amount of carbon dissolved in iron with a Body Centered Cubic (B C C ) crystal structure. (B.C.C.) structure • It is the softest structure on the iron- iron carbide diagram diagram.
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Properties of Ferrite • Tensile Strength Æ 40,000 psi • Elongation Æ 40 % in 2 in gage g g length g • Hardness Æ Less than Rockwell C 0 or less than Rockwell B 90. • Toughness Æ Low
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Ferrite (alpha iron) crystal structure PEARLITE (α + Fe3C) • It is the eutectoid mixture containing 0.83 % Carbon and is formed at 1333 oF on very slow cooling. cooling • It is very fine platelike or lamellar mixture of ferrite and cementite cementite. • The structure of pearlite includes a white hit matrix t i (f (ferritic iti bbackground) k d) which includes thin plates of cementite. Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science Average Properties
• Tensile Strength Æ 120,000 psi
El ti Æ 20 % iin 2 iin gage llength • Elongation th • Hardness Æ Rockwell C 20 or BHN 250- 300
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Pearlite microstructure (Light background is the ferrite matrix, dark lines are the cementite network))
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science • If there is not enough carbon, carbon that is less than 0.83 %, the carbon and the iron will combine to form Fe3C until all the carbon is consumed. This cementite will combine with the required amount of ferrite to form pearlite. • If, If there is an excess of carbon above 0 0.83 83 % in the austenite, pearlite will be formed
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science LEDEBURITE (α + Fe3C) • It is the eutectic mixture of austenite and cementite. • It contains 4.3 % Carbon and represents the eutectic of cast iron. • Ledeburite exists when the carbon content is greater than 2 %, which p represents the dividing g line on the equilibrium diagram between steel and cast iron. Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science (δ ) DELTA IRON • Delta iron exists between 2552 and 2802 oF. • It may exist in combination with the melt to about 0.50 % Carbon,, in combination with austenite to about 0.18 % Carbon and in a single phase state out to about 0.10 % carbon. • Delta iron has the Body Centered Cubic (B C C) crystall structure and (B.C.C) d is i magnetic. i
Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng.
Lecture Note Material Science Dr.Ir. Asep Handaya Saputra, MEng. Lecture Note Material Science