Interactions between organisms can produce both conflict and cooperation.

When the interaction is

between pairs of species, such as a pathogenand a host, or a predator and its prey, these species
can develop matched sets of adaptations. Here, the evolution of one species causes adaptations in
a second species. These changes in the second species then, in turn, cause new adaptations in the
first species. This cycle of selection and response is called coevolution.[226] An example is the
production of tetrodotoxin in the rough-skinned newt and the evolution of tetrodotoxin resistance in
its predator, the common garter snake. In this predator-prey pair, an evolutionary arms race has
produced high levels of toxin in the newt and correspondingly high levels of toxin resistance in the
snake