Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr Jukka Takala
Workplace Safety and Health Institute, Singapore
International Commission of Occupational Health
Challenges at Work
Priorities and Strategies
2
What we know - Facts
• The ILO estimates that each year about 2.3 million
workers die from occupational accidents and diseases1.
• 1 million workers will suffer a workplace accident at the
end of the day. 1000 worker deaths for injuries and
5,600 for illnesses every day.
• 4% of annual global GDP (US$2.8 trillion), is due to
direct and indirect costs of occupational accidents and
diseases (e.g lost working time, workers’ compensation,
the interruption of production and medical expenses).2
______
1 XX World Congress on Safety and Health at Work: Frankfurt, August 2014
2 International
Labour Organisation (ILO). World Day for Safety and
Health at Work 2009 ‘Facts on safety and health at work’. April 2009.
See “Global estimates”: http://goo.gl/0xSHGl
See “Global estimates”: http://goo.gl/0xSHGl
Occupational Deaths Colombia and L.America 2011
L. America Colombia
• Work-related circulatory diseases 46,232 3,602
• Occupational cancer 43,931 1022*-3,423
• Work-related communicable dis. 6,972 543
• Respiratory diseases 7,649 955*-596
• All work-related diseases 111,749 8,707
• Fatal occupational injuries 18,433_ 1,403
• Total occupational mortality 130,182 10,111
=========== ==============
* IHME/GBD Estimates, all others numbers from ILO
Work-related Annual Deaths – EU-27
Work-related Annual Deaths –
Latin America (WHO AMRO) distribution
of fatal injuries and illnesses, EU in brackets
46.232; 36%
7.649; 6%
Communicable diseases Cancers
Respiratory Diseases Circulatory diseases
Mental Disorders Digestive systems diseases
Genitourinary system Accidents and violence
Sources: WSH Institute Singapore 2016, Hämäläinen P, Takala J, Saarela KL; TUT, ILO,
WHO, EU-OSHA, WSH Institute Singapore, JOEH May 2014, ref.data:WHO SEA region/ILO
Work-related Annual Deaths – EU-27
Work-related Annual Deaths –
Colombia ref. population Latin America (WHO
AMRO) distribution of fatal injuries and
illnesses
Deaths attributed to work in Colombia: 10,111 (EU: 192,000 )
3.602; 36%
596; 6%
Communicable diseases Cancers
Respiratory Diseases Circulatory diseases
Mental Disorders Digestive systems diseases
Genitourinary system Accidents and violence
Sources: WSH Institute Singapore 2016, Hämäläinen P, Takala J, Saarela KL; TUT, ILO,
WHO, EU-OSHA, WSH Institute Singapore, JOEH May 2014, ref.data:WHO SEA region/ILO
Selected Occupational
Risks, Latin America and
others, 2013 (IHME),
(underestimated)
Burden of Injury and Illness at Work
Globally and in Singapore
Dr Jukka Takala
Workplace Safety and Health Institute, Singapore
http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/gbd/visualizations/regional
In Singapore 2011 (some data from 2010): 1,439 Deaths Caused by Work
Germany Singapore 2011- 2014 EU 28 average 2011
1 fatal 1 fatal
42 - 93 accidents, 30 days+ 362 accidents, 30 days+
284 - 623 accidents, 4 days+ 880 accidents, 4 days+
516 - 1087 accidents w.sick leave 1208 accidents with sick leave
685 - 2111 accidents, all 1646 accidents , all
1 death
Singapore 2011- 2014 EU 28 average 2011
1 fatal 1 fatal
2.9 - 3.3 illnesses, 30+ days MC 30 illnesses, 30 days+
38- 36 illnesses, 4 days+ n/a illnesses, 4 days+
79- 106 illnesses w.sick leave 69 illnesses with sick leave
168- 257 illnesses, all 111 illnesses, all
Multi-mechanism
Multi-cause
1,323 Fatal Work-related Diseases
Magnitude of non-fatal work-related
illnesses and accidents: EU & SIN
2.2% in 2014
1.5 % in 56,603 self-reported
Singapore workplace injuries in
Singapore in 2008/11
7 million in Europe in 2007
11,113 reportable
workplace injuries in
10% in 2015
Singapore in 2012
6.9 % in
Singapore
20 million in Europe 2007
13
A Leading Institute for WSH Knowledge and Innovations
Slide source: Tim Driscoll, University of Sydney
Concepts for measuring the Burden
GBD/IHME: http://www.healthdata.org/data-visualization/gbd-cause-patterns
Trends – change of mindset
Deaths in men in 2010 by age, Western Europe
Injuries
CVD, AFwork=14.4%
Cancer, AFwork=13.8%
Musculoskeletal, AFwork=
Musculoskeletal
37%
Mental health,
Mental health
AFwork= 30+ %
CVD,stressCVD
AFwork= 7.9 %
Cancer
Cancer
AFwork= 5.5-8 % DALY= Disability
Adjusted Life Years
DALY= Disability
Adjusted Life Years
AF= Attributable Fraction, re work
http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/gbd/visualizations/regional
http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/gbd/visualizations/regional
w
w w
w
w
w
w w
Work- w
related
(w) w
w
w
W-r w
w
w
w
w
w w
Deaths in Developed Countries in 2013
Deaths in Colombia, GBD 2013
Occupational
injuries
Occupational cancer
underestimated
Disability Adjusted Life Years, DALY’s, Colombia in 2013
Deaths, Western Europe, selected causes by GBD
Occupational
injuries Occupational
cancer
Deaths U.K. selected causes by GBD
UK: 8,010
deaths/year
Occupational cancer
Brazil_ Deaths
Deaths, GBD, Occupational Carcinogens 94
1,880
selected causes (underestimates) 120
3
23
78
1,165
20
321
182
1,274
670
239
5
498,604
YLLs re
occ. injuries 375,105
YLLs re
occ. cancer
Example of poor emphasis on work exposures
Combined effect of exposures to asbestos and smoking on lung cancer
Asbestos 58 602
AF Principle
GBD/IHME
Hammond EC, Selikoff IJ, Seidman H. Asbestos exposure, cigarette smoking and death rates.
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1979;330:473-90.
= 200,000 tons used/year Mesothelioma deaths
Today U.K
U.K 2005
U.K.
Deaths 1500
U.K.
Exposure
* *
Mesothelioma in the U.K., Real Numbers
Singapore India
Table a. Estimated Global Mesothelioma Deaths (Annual N*), based on WHO data.
* Reported N in 49 countries (48+ Switzerland) are tallied as is, Takahashi et al17
Extrapolation method Reported Non-reported Colombia
14,601* 54,152
Methods of estimated lung cancer deaths using mesothelioma as Lung cancer/ Asbestos related lung cancer deaths
a proxy for asbestos use, mesothelioma estimate based on mesothelioma rate
asbestos exposure above: 53,390 deaths, and 2,149 for Brazil World Colombia
McCormack, Peto et al.14 average estimate using chrysotile 6.1 325,679 287-384-970
McCormack, Peto et al., lowest and highest estimate 2.0-10 106,780 – 533,900
1. Substance priorities
Death, disability and disease, risk management 2.0,
exposure elimination, and better analysis on:
- non-communicable: cancer, CVD, respiratory...
- communicable: tropical and others
- injuries, in particular in low/mid income economies
- musculo-skeletal,
- psychosocial factors and disorders,
2. Collaboration with stakeholders
- regional bodies,
Priorities, cntd.
- their member States and stakeholders, advocate
adopted solutions and strategies,
- establish and collaborate with programmes for
developing occupational health services for all,
total workplace safety and health, compliance,
and protection, prevention, health promotion
action at work, mindset of Zero Harm and Vision Zero,
- Propose/initialize new campaigns and
programmes, such as Eliminating work-related cancer.
3. Dialogue, communication, networking
PERCEIVED AND REAL RISKS
Work-
related Work-
related Work-
related Work-
related Work-
Heat wave related
WAR
REAL RISK activities,
anywhere
Traffic
Accident Cancer
Circulatory diseases
http://goo.gl/gbnvAx
37 S. Hertlich, M.Hamilo, S.kuvalehti (FI), Journal Occ Env Hyg, 11: 326–337, May 9, 2014; Takala J ao.
Sources:
PERCEIVED AND REAL RISKS
Work-
related Work-
related Work-
related Work-
related Work-
Heat wave related
WAR
REAL RISK activities,
anywhere
Traffic
Accident Cancer
Circulatory diseases
WORK
all
38 S. Hertlich, M.Hamilo, S.kuvalehti (FI), Journal of Occ Env Hyg, 11: 326–337, May 9, 2014; Takala ao.
Sources:
Conclusion