USB 3.

0 Update BPD/CNX
March 3, 2009
Agenda
• Overview of USB 3.0
• Connectors
• Hubs
• Power Management
• USB 3.0 Status
• Other USB 3.0 related Specs
• HP Plans
• Battery Charging
• Mass Storage

1 3 March 2009
 USB Historical Perspective
USB the most successful interface in the history of PC
Device charging over USB has become a major consumer feature
USB Installed base is 6+ billion units and growing at 2+ billion units a year
Adoption virtually 100% in PC and peripheral categories
Units in Thousands

4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
3,000,000 Total w/ USB SuperSpeed

2,500,000 Total w/ USB High Speed

2,000,000
Total w/ USB Low or Full
1,500,000
Speed
1,000,000
500,000
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Source: In-Stat, 3/08
2 3 March 2009 2
 The Need for USB 3.0
• Flash-based peripherals will require much higher data rates
− Digital cameras and camcorders
− Flash memory drives (USB thumb sticks, and cards)
− Flash-based digital MP3 and video players
− PC, Mobile, Handheld PCs and smart phones (SSD’s)
• User wait time requirement, 1½ minutes to synchronize
• Interface performance sets the requirement
Song / Pic 256 Flash USB Flash SD-Movie USB Flash HD-Movie
4 MB 256 MB 1 GB 6 GB 16 GB 25 GB
USB 1.0 5.3 sec 5.7 min 22 min 2.2 hr 5.9 hr 9.3 hr
USB 2.0 0.1 sec 8.5 sec 33 sec 3.3 min 8.9 min 13.9 min
USB 3.0 0.01 sec 0.8 sec 3.3 sec 20 sec 53.3 sec 70 sec

Your Connectivity Is Only As

Fast As Your Memory
3 3 March 2009 3
 USB 3.0 Overview
• Backward compatible
− Legacy devices continue to work, new devices work in legacy systems
− Existing class drivers continue to work
• Preserve existing USB Device Model
− Existing Pipe Model
− USB Framework
− All transfer types
• Power Efficient
− Provide excellent power characteristics (especially for idle links)
• Both on the device and the platform
− Eliminate polling
• Extensible
− Protocol that scales

4 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Overview
• Goals
− Support up to 3 Meter cable
− 5 GT/s for at least 300MBps throughput
− 10-12 BER
− Fit into current USB 2.0 Type-A and Micro-B form factors
• Solution
− Add 2 shielded differential pairs – dual simplex
− Signaling similar to other high-speed serial busses
− Low Frequency Periodic Signaling (LPFS) for sideband
functionality (reset, wake etc.)
− New Credit Based Protocol
− Directed Data Transfer (Not Broadcast)

5 3 March 2009
 SuperSpeed Layered Architecture

6 3 March 2009 6
 Packet Flow

• Packets are not broadcast

• Packets traverse only the link-pairs

between host and device

• Downstream packets use route

string information

• Upstream packets have always the

host as destination

7 3 March 2009
 Route string
• Consists of a
concatenation of 4-bit
Sub-Strings
Route sub-string
Route string = 0x0000
•
Route string = 0x0000
Hub depth = 0
− Value identifies target port
• Zero reserved for upstream
port Route string = 0x0002
Route string = 0x0003
• Non-zero values represent Hub depth = 1
individual downstream ports
Route string = 0x0003

Route string = 0x0013

Route string = 0x0022 Route string = 0x0042

8 3 March 2009
 Retry OUT transaction
• Retry bit in ACK TP is set
when
− Received corrupted data packet
− Received data packet with
unexpected sequence number

• Upon reception of ACK TP

with retry bit
− Resend data packets starting
from sequence number indicated
in ACK TP

9 3 March 2009
 Retry IN transaction

• Similar to OUT

10 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Cables & Connectors
- Host
• Standard A fully backwards compatible

•5 New Wires for USB 3.0

11 3 March 2009
 Original USB 3.0 Micro B Proposal

12 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Micro B Connector

13 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Std. B Connector

14 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Connector & Cable
• Std A - Same interface as USB 2.0 Standard-A
connector, but with added pins for USB 3.0 USB 3.0
Super-Speed signals Portion
• Complete compatibility with USB 2.0 Standard-A
connector

• Std B - Defined for relatively large, stationary USB 3.0

peripherals such as hard drives and printers Portion
• Powered version variant is a defined
• Visually different from USB 2.0 Standard-B
connector

• Micro B - Based on the proven USB 2.0 Micro-B USB 3.0

connector design with an extended portion for the Portion
Super-Speed signals
• USB 3.0 Micro-A and –AB connectors are
identical to USB 3.0 Micro-B connector except for
keying/profile differences

15 3 March 2009 15
 Compatibility USB 3.0 Device

Laptop Has Both USB

2.0 and USB 3.0
Receptacles Printer is USB 3.0
HS only
USB 2.0

USB 3.0
Requires USB 3.0 cable for SS
USB 2.0 cable works for HS

16 3 March 2009
 Compatibility USB2.0 Device

Laptop Has Both USB

2.0 and USB 3.0
Receptacles Printer is USB 2.0
HS only
USB 2.0

USB 3.0
Requires USB 2.0 cable

17 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Hubs
• Two hubs in one
• Host must be able to operate
in USB 2.0 and USB 3.0
modes concurrently
• A Device may only do one or
the other
• The Hub must understand
route strings
• The Hub must provide
sufficient buffering for headers
and bi-directional data
transfers

18 3 March 2009
 Power Management Overview
Peripheral Power consumption increased from
500ma to 900ma

• PM is embedded at all levels

− PHY layer, e.g. remote wakeup signaling
− Link layer, e.g. low power link state entry & exit
− Protocol layer, e.g. endpoint busy / ready
notifications
− Devices, e.g. function suspend
− Hubs, e.g. “bubble up” link PM
− Hosts, e.g. ping / ping response messaging

• Power efficiency at system level

− Async endpoint busy / ready notifications – no polling
− Packets routed, not broadcast
− Low power link states entered automatically when idle

19 3 March 2009
 Link PM States

Link
Description Key Characteristics Exit Latency
State
U0 Link active N/A
U1 Link idle, fast exit Rx and Tx circuitry quiesced µs range
typically low ms
Clock generation circuitry (e.g.
U2 Link idle, slow exit range, can be µs
PLL) may also be quiesced
range
typically ms range,
Portions of device power may
U3 Suspend can be high µs
be removed, e.g. much of PHY
range

20 3 March 2009
 Link PM Transitions

• Mechanisms for Device U1 & U2 entry:

− Downstream port inactivity timeout, programmed by s/w
− Device h/w initiated based on implementation specific knowledge, Packets
Pending flag.
• U1 and U2 can also be requested by either side of a link
• U3 is initiated only by software request to a downstream port.
− U3 must be accepted
• The only legitimate link state transition from U3 is U3 to U0, and either link
partner can initiate it.

21 3 March 2009
 Link Power State Transitions:
U1 Exit, U2 Exit, U3 Wakeup
Low Frequency Periodic Signally – Out Of Band Wakeup

LFPS handshake sequence

• Link partner 1 initiates exit by
Link Partner 1 transmitting LFPS at time t10
• Link partner 2 detects valid LFPS
on its receiver and responds by
transmitting LFPS at time t11
Link Partner 2 • Link partner 1 enters Recovery and
starts transmitting TS1 Ordered
Sets at time t12
Time • Link partner 2 enters Recovery and
t 10 t 11 t 12 t 13
U-033
starts transmitting TS1 Ordered
Sets at time t13

22 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Status

•Specification at 1.0, November 2009

•Some Errata expected

???

23 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Implementation
Specs
Device Side is
XHCI
Proprietary

MAC

Defined by
Intel PIPE USB 3.0
Specification
MAC/PHY
Needed for Connector spec
Prototyping
PHY

24 3 March 2009
 HP Plans

• IPG Inks – No Immediate Interest

• IPG Lasers – thinking about it to replace PCIe to
Sata for internal SSDs
• IPG Large Format – currently happy with Giga bit
Ethernet, watching it
• PSG – Taking the lead, expect laptops in 2010
• TSG: ESS – Looking at it for Tape Storage
• TSG: ESS – Looking at it for Non stop Server
Storage

25 3 March 2009
 Battery Charging

• At the GSMA Mobile World Congress 17

companies adopt micro USB phone
charger standard. Tue Feb 17, 2009
12:13PM EST
• Battery Charging Spec. at rev 1.1-
01/23/09
• BC 1.1 not aligned with USB 2.0 spec.
Allows a dead battery device to attach
and draw 100 milli amps indefinitely
without connecting
• BC ECR submitted for approval
26 3 March 2009
 USB 3.0 Mass Storage
• Current Mass Storage Class spec. not sufficient for 10x
link performance increase
• Current throughput is apx. 30-40 Mega bytes per sec
− Limited by MSC spec
− OS Single threaded I/O implementation
• New Mass Storage Class spec in the DWG
− USB 3.0 Specific
• New USB Attached SCSI (UAS) working group in T10
− SCSI Protocol and Command specific
• New Intel/Micron NAND for SSD
− 200 Mega byte per second reads
− 100 Mega byte per second writes
• Western Digital claims 400 Mega bytes per second
possible
− Striped RAID architecture for Rotating media
27 3 March 2009
 Thanks

Additional Discussion?

28 3 March 2009