Pocket API 682 4th Edition Piping Plans - EN Burgmann PDF

The complete guide to all plans for supplying mechanical seals
API 682 4th edition

piping plans
Plan overview Introduction Symbols

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Process side Between seals Atmospheric side
Plan 01 Internal circulation in pump Plan 52 Buffer liquid reservoir Plan 51 Dead-end quench reservoir,
vertical pumps
Plan 02 Dead ended, clean medium Plan 53A Barrier liquid, reservoir
Plan 61 Tapped connections
Plan 03 Tapered seal chamber bore Plan 53B Barrier liquid, bladder accumulator for purchaser's use
Plan 11 Circulation, pressure increase Plan 53C Barrier liquid, piston accumulator Plan 62 External quench
Plan 12 Circulation, pressure increase + strainer Plan 54 External barrier liquid system Plan 65A Leakage collection and alarm, reservoir
Plan 13 Circulation, venting Plan 55 External buffer liquid system Plan 65B Leakage collection and alarm, reservoir
Plan 14 Circulation, venting, Plan 71 Tapped connections Plan 66A Leakage detection and alarm,
Plan 11+13, vertical pumps for purchaser's use two bushings
Plan 21 Circulation via cooler Plan 72 Buffer gas system Plan 66B Leakage detection and alarm,
orifice plug
Plan 22 Circulation via cooler, strainer Plan 74 Barrier gas system
Plan 23 Forced loop via cooler Plan 75 Leakage collection and alarm, reservoir
Engineered
Plan 31 Circulation, cyclone separator Plan 76 Vapor leakage to flare
Plan 99 Engineered to customer’s specifications
Plan 41 Circulation, cyclone separator + cooler
Plan 32 External flush Remark

The configurations listed for each individual piping
plan are to be understood as recommendations
including possible utilizations which may also be
applied.
Introduction Symbols Front page

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Preface EagleBurgmann in profile A sealing provider you can count on
A sealing system, consisting of a mechanical seal EagleBurgmann is one of the internationally leading More than 21,000 EagleBurgmann API-seals and
and an associated supply system that is balanced companies for industrial sealing technology. Our systems are installed world-wide.
by individual applications, is the utmost guarantee products are used wherever safety and reliability
for a reliable sealing point and uninterrupted pump are important: in the oil and gas industry, refining
service. The performance of the seal is greatly technology, the petrochemical, chemical and
influenced by the environment around the seal pharmaceutical industries, food processing, power,
faces, making the provision of suitable, clean fluids water, mining, pulp & paper and many others. More
as well as a moderate temperature an essential than 6,000 employees contribute their ideas,
topic. solutions and commitment towards ensuring that
customers all over the world can rely on our seals
This guiding booklet provides a condensed overview and services.
of all piping plans established by the API 682 4th
edition guidelines. Each illustrated piping plan is
briefly described, and a recommendation that EagleBurgmann and API 682
considers the media characteristics in terms of the
relevant application and corresponding We offer our customers the widest product portfolio
configurations is given to help you reliably select of seals and seal supply systems according to API
your sealing system. 682 4th edition. EagleBurgmann SPB6 seal supply system Plan 53B
Furthermore, we have enriched

this booklet's content by providing clues – so-called
‘remarks and checkpoints’ – where we share the
experiences we have gained from multiple equipped
plants.
EagleBurgmann range of balanced pusher and metal bellows mechanical seals acc. to API 682 4th ed.
Plan overview Symbols Front page

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Color key Symbols library
Plan location: Instrument symbols Equipment symbols

Process side plans
Between seals plans FO Flow orifice Bladder accumulator
Atmospheric side plans LI Level indicator Piston accumulator
Seals: LIT Level transmitter with local indicator Cyclone separator

Stationary seal parts Differential pressure transmitter Filter, coalescing
Mating ring (stationary) PDIT
with local indicator
Rotary seal parts Flow orifice
Seal ring (rotating) PI Pressure indicator
Seal cooler
PIT Pressure transmitter with local indicator
Strainer, Y
Pump medium TI Temperature indicator
Temperature transmitter Valve, normally open
TIT
with local indicator Valve, normally closed
HLA High level alarm set point
Valve, needle
LLA Low level alarm set point
Valve, check
NLL Normal liquid level Valve, pressure control
Valve, pressure relief
Plan overview Introduction Front page

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Process side Plan 01
Integral (internal)
recirculation
from the pump
discharge to the seal
chamber.
PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann
A Internal recirculation
Drawings Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan overview

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Seal chamber details
2 3 4 1 Inlet
1 2 Flush (F), plugged (for possible future
circulating fluid or for venting on vertical pumps)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber
5 Example seal: EagleBurgmann APItex-S

single pusher mechanical seal.
P&ID according to API

Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 01 Plan overview

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Features Application Remarks, checkpoints Pump media characteristics
• Plan 01 does not need any external • Generally used for horizontal
piping. pumps.
• The flow of the flush fluid must be
sufficient to remove the heat from
• Highly viscous media with a
tendency to congeal or polymerize
• Acts as an internal flushing line for • Highly viscous fluids which tend to the mechanical seal chamber. when cooled.
the mechanical seal. thicken, solidify or polymerize. • Unlike in Plan 11, the flush is
• Prevents highly viscous fluids from • More applicable to ANSI pumps. seldom directed over the seal Location, function
freezing/polymerizing at lower faces. • Process side
temperatures because the flushing
line is not exposed to the
• Not recommended for dirty products • Flushing and cooling
as they will tend to clog the
atmosphere like in Plan 11. flushing line. Configurations
• Not applicable for vertical pumps. 1CW-FX,
2CW-CW,
3CW-FB
1CW-FL*, 2CW-CS*, 3CW-BB*,

3CW-FF*, 3NC-FB*, 3NC-BB*,
3NC-FF*
* Possible, see remark on page

>plan overview.
Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 01 Plan overview

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals
Category 1
Configuration 1CW-FX:
APItex-S
Configuration 2CW-CW:
APItex-T
Configuration 3CW-FB:
APItex-T
Learn more
about our products:
eagleburgmann.com/api682
Plan 01 Drawings Description Plan overview

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Dead-ended seal
chamber with
no recirculation of
flushed fluid.
Flush connections
plugged.
PLAN 02 LY9TC © EagleBurgmann
A Flush connection plugged

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3
2 1 1 Flush (F), plugged (for possible future circulating fluid or for venting on vertical
4 5
pumps)
2 Vent (V), if required
3 Heating/cooling inlet (HI or CI), heating/cooling outlet (HO or CO), if required
4 Quench (Q)
5 Drain (D)
6 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LY9TC

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single stationary metal bellows mechanical seal.


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• Does not need any external piping. • Large bore seal chambers, • The vapor pressure margin in the • Clean fluids with low temperatures
• Cooling water or low temperature preferably with a cooling jacket. seal chamber must be considered and higher specific heat.
steam can be used in the seal • Low speed pumps.
chamber cooling jacket to decrease • Generally popular in chemical
carefully in order to avoid flashing. • Fluids which have adequate PTM
seal chamber temperature. industry.

• Provide a 12 o’clock vent when
used with horizontal pumps with
(product temperature margin).
• Used in combination with Plan 62 cylindrical seal chambers. Location, function

steam quench for hot process • Always use a cooling/heating jacket • Process side
media. for cylindrical seal chambers. • Lubrication
• Regular maintenance and cleaning
of the cooling jacket is Configurations
recommended as they are prone to 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
fouling in high temperature 2CW-CW, 2CW-CS, 2NC-CS,
applications and also tend to 3CW-FB, 3CW-BB, 3CW-FF, 3NC-FB,
become ineffective over a period of 3NC-BB, 3NC-FF
time due to poor cooling water
quality.

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Category 1 Category 2/3
Configuration 1CW-FX: Configuration 1CW-FL:

APItex-S H75VA4-S, LL9UC, LEK777, SH, LY9SA, MBS682, LY9TC
Configuration 2CW-CW: Configuration 2CW-CW:
APItex-T H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT
Configuration 2NC-CS: Configuration 2CW-CS:
H75LG4-C H75A4-C, LL9DTUE, LL9DJUE
Configuration 3CW-FB: Configuration 2NC-CS:
APItex-T H75LG4-C
Configuration 3NC-BB: Configuration 3CW-FB:
CGSH-KD H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT
Configuration 3CW-BB:
H75A4-B, LL9DKUU, LY9DZSS, MBS682P-D
Configuration 3CW-FF:
LL9DSUU, SH-D, LY9DSTT
Configuration 3NC-FB:
HRGS-DD, LNF992
Configuration 3NC-BB:
CGSH-KD
Configuration 3NC-FF:
RGS-D
Learn more
about our products:

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Circulation between
the seal chamber and
the pump created by
the design of the seal
chamber. Flush
connections plugged.
A Taper bore design of seal chamber

B Flush connection plugged

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1 Flush (F), plugged (for possible future
4 1 2 3
circulating fluid or for venting on vertical pumps)
2 Quench (Q)
3 Drain (D)
4 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann APItex-S

PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann P&ID according to API

Key
1 Flush (F), plugged (for possible future
circulating fluid or for venting on vertical pumps).

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• Does not need any external piping. • Pumps with taper bore seal • Not to be used with cylindrical bore • Suspended solids
• Cooling of the mechanical seal and chamber and without throat seal chambers. • Low temperature and pressure
venting of the seal chamber is bushing. • Exercise caution for applications
a function of the geometry or flow
enhancement features of the seal
• Applications where mechanical seal
heat generation is not very
involving high seal chamber Location, function
temperatures as well as pressures. • Process side
chamber. significant. • Lubrication
• Applications where solids may tend
to collect in a traditional cylindrical Configurations
bore seal chamber. 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
• Generally used for ANSI pumps –
with Category 1 seals.
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS, 2NC-CS,
3CW-FB, 3CW-BB, 3CW-FF,
3NC-FB, 3NC-BB, 3NC-FF

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Configuration 2NC-CS: Configuration 2CW-CS:
H75LG4-C H75A4-C, LL9DTUE, LL9DJUE
Configuration 3CW-FB: Configuration 2NC-CS:
APItex-T H75LG4-C
Configuration 3NC-BB: Configuration 3CW-FB:
CGSH-KD H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT
HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
Learn more
about our products:

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Recirculation from
the pump discharge
A
through a flow
control orifice into
the seal chamber.
PLAN 11 H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann
A Flow control orifice

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5 1
1 From high pressure region of pump
2 3 4
(pump discharge or pump discharge piping)
2 Flush (F)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75VA4-S



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• Default
seals.
flush plan for all single • Normally applicable for all general
duties except pumps with less
• The orifice size and/or the number
of orifices for high head
• Clean, non-polymerizing fluids with
moderate temperatures.
• Acts as a flushing as well as
a self-venting plan for horizontal
differential between discharge and
seal chamber pressures.
applications must be calculated
very carefully. Minimum orifice size Location, function
pumps. should be 3 mm (1/8"). • Process side
• Helps in creating additional vapor
pressure margin in the seal
• Throat bush clearance and orifice
sizing together both ensure the
• Flushing and cooling
chamber. proper flow of flush fluid to the Configurations
• Uses a flow control orifice(s) to seal. 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
restrict the flow of flush fluid going
to the mechanical seal.
• Always check the difference
between the discharge and the seal
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
3CW-FB
• Use of a distributed flush makes the
cooling and lubrication more
chamber pressure.If the difference
is too low, Plan 13 must be 3CW-FF*, 3CW-BB*, 3NC-FB*,
effective. preferred. 3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*
• Use for media with solids or
abrasives or polymerizing media to
be avoided.
• Orifice clogging can be confirmed
by checking pipe surface
temperatures upstream and
downstream of the orifice.

>plan overview.

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Configuration 3CW-FB: Configuration 2CW-CS:
APItex-T H75A4-C, LL9DTUE, LL9DJUE
H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT
Configuration 3CW-BB:*
Configuration 3CW-FF:*
Configuration 3NC-FB:*
HRGS-DD, LNF992
Configuration 3NC-BB:*
CGSH-KD
Configuration 3NC-FF:*
RGS-D
Learn more
* Possible, see remark on page about our products:
>plan overview. eagleburgmann.com/api682

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Recirculation from
the pump discharge
B through a strainer
A
and a flow control
orifice into the seal
chamber.
A Strainer
B Flow control orifice

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6 1 1 From high pressure region of pump
3 4 5
(pump discharge or pump discharge piping)
3 Flush (F)
4 Quench (Q)
5 Drain (D)
6 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LL9UC


PLAN 12 LL9UC © EagleBurgmann Key
2 Strainer

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• Similar to Plan 11 but with the
addition of a "Y" strainer to remove
• Slightly contaminated (fluids with
suspended solids), non-polymerizing
• The strainer must always be
installed before the orifice.
• Clean, non-polymerizing fluids with
moderate temperatures.
occasional solid particles. fluids with low temperatures. • Strainers often have a tendency to
• Acts as a flushing as well as choke and thus lead to starvation Location, function
a self-venting plan for horizontal and, eventually, failure of the • Process side
pumps. mechanical seal. The strainer • Flushing and cooling
• Uses a flow control orifice to
should be maintained and serviced
at regular intervals. Configurations
to the mechanical seal. • This plan does not function reliably 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
enough to achieve a three-year 2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
operating life and is therefore 3CW-FB
generally discouraged.
• For the same reason Plan 22 (12
+ cooler) is also discouraged.
3CW-FF*, 3CW-BB*, 3NC-FB*,
3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*
• A Plan 32 or a dual pressurized
seal is a recommended option for
such applications.

>plan overview.

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HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
Learn more
about our products:

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Recirculation from
the seal chamber
through a flow
control orifice and
back to the pump
A suction or pump
suction piping.

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5 1 1 To pump suction
2 3 4 2 Flush (F)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann MBS682

single metal bellows mechanical seal.

PLAN 13 MBS682 © EagleBurgmann

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• Plan 13 is self-venting. • Standard flush plan for vertical • Orifice size should be at least 3 mm • Clean, non-polymerizing fluids with
• Relieves pressure in the seal pumps without a bleed bush below (1/8"). moderate temperatures.
chamber. the seal chamber. • The flow of the flush fluid must be • Light hydrocarbons
• Arecommended
distributed flush is not
for this plan.
• Also used for high head horizontal
pumps where Plan 11 cannot be
sufficient to remove the heat from
the mechanical seal chamber. Location, function
• with Plan 11 (Plan 14).
Plan 13 can be used in combination used. Calculate the orifice size and the • Process side
throat bushing clearance carefully
to ensure the desired flush
• Lubrication, cooling
flow-rate. Configurations
• Do not use in case the difference
between seal chamber pressure
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
and suction pressure is very low. 3CW-FB
Use Plan 11 instead.
• A high-point vent must be provided
in the vertical pump seal chamber
3CW-BB*, 3CW-FF*
(or seal gland) to ensure that seal

faces never see vapors.

>plan overview.

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Category 1
APItex-S
APItex-T
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Configuration 1CW-FL:
H75VA4-S, LL9UC, LEK777, SH, LY9SA, MBS682, LY9TC
Configuration 2CW-CS:
H75A4-C, LL9DTUE, LL9DJUE
Learn more

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Recirculation from
pump discharge
through a flow
control orifice to the
© EagleBurgmann
EagleBurgmann
seal and
A A simultaneously from
LEK777 ©
14 LEK777
the seal chamber
PLAN 14
PLAN
through a flow
control orifice to
pump suction.

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7 1 2 1 From pump discharge
3 4 5 6 2 To pump suction
3 Flush inlet (FI)
4 Flush outlet (FO)
5 Quench (Q)
6 Drain (D)
7 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LEK777


PLAN 14 LEK777 © EagleBurgmann

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• Plan 14 is a combination of Plan 11 • Generally used on vertical pumps.
and Plan 13.
• Orifice
(1/8").
size should be at least 3 mm • Clean, non-polymerizing fluids with
moderate temperature.
a self-venting plan.
• The flow of the flush fluid across
the seal chamber must be sufficient
• Light hydrocarbons
• Cool fluid enters from Plan 11 to remove the heat and increase Location, function
piping, and hot fluid as well as seal the pressure. Orifice size to be • Process side
chamber pressure is relieved
through Plan 13 piping.
calculated carefully to ensure
desired flush flow-rate.
• The flush is directed onto the seal

faces.
• Not applicable if difference
between seal chamber pressure
Configurations
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
• Allows creation of sufficient vapor
pressure margin independent of
and suction pressure is very low. In 2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
this case Plan 13 is recommended. 3CW-FB
throat bushing design. • Ain high-point vent must be provided
the vertical pump seal chamber 3CW-BB*, 3CW-FF*
(or seal gland) to ensure seal faces
never see vapors.

>plan overview.

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Category 1
APItex-S
APItex-T
APItex-T
Category 2/3
LL9DSUU, SH-D, LY9DSTT Learn more

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Recirculation from
pump discharge
A through a flow
control orifice and
B cooler into the seal
C
chamber.
SPT
© EagleBurgmann

B Cooler
C Temperature indicator

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2 3 4 (pump discharge or pump discharge piping)
2 Flush (F)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber


Key
TI Temperature indicator

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• Provides a cool flush to the seal. • Fluids with low vapor pressure • Minimum size of the orifice should • Close to vaporization point.
• Plan 21 is self-venting. margin in seal chamber. be 3 mm (1/8"). • Hot, non-polymerizing clean fluids
• Improves the product temperature
margin to avoid vapor formation.
• High cooler duty is leading to
fouling and plugging on the water
typically less than 176 °C
(349 °F).
• Helps reduce coking. side. • Bad lubricity fluids (like hot water).
• Helps
water).
improve lubricity (e.g. hot • Plan 21 consumes more energy
than Plan 23 because the fluid Location, function
• Utilizes a close clearance throat needs to be pumped back • Process side
bushing for better efficiency. continuously. • Flushing and cooling
• Potential plugging on the process
side if the fluid viscosity gets high
• Increases vapor pressure margin
quickly. Configurations
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
3CW-FB
3CW-BB*, 3CW-FF*, 3NC-FB*,

3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann coolers

Configuration 3CW-FB: EagleBurgmann WEF6 Water cooler
Configuration 3NC-BB:* H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT
CGSH-KD
HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
EagleBurgmann WEL6 Air cooler
Learn more

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Recirculation from
pump discharge
A B
through a strainer,
a flow control orifice
and a cooler into the
D
seal chamber.
C
SPT
© EagleBurgmann
A Strainer
B Flow control orifice
C Cooler
D Temperature indicator

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3 4 5 (pump discharge or pump discharge piping)
3 Flush (F)
4 Quench
5 Drain (D)
6 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LY9TC


Key
2 Strainer

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• Similar to Plan 21 but with the
addition of a strainer to remove
• Slightly contaminated (fluids with
suspended solids), non-polymerizing
• Strainer
orifice
to be installed before the • High temperature with some
suspended solids.
occasional solid particles. fluids with high temperatures. • Strainers often have a tendency to • Close to vaporization point.
a self-venting plan for horizontal
choke and thus lead to starvation
and, eventually, failure of the Location, function
pumps. mechanical seal. • Process side
• Uses a flow control orifice to
• Minimum size of the orifice should
be 3 mm (1/8").
to the mechanical seal. • Cooler duty is high, leading to Configurations
• Improves the product temperature
margin thus avoiding vapor
fouling and plugging on the water
side.
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
formation. • This plan does not function reliably
enough to achieve a three-year
3CW-FB
operating life and is therefore not 3CW-BB*, 3CW-FF*, 3NC-FB*,

generally recommended. Plan 32 or 3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*
a dual pressurized seal is
a recommended option for such
duties.

>plan overview.

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CGSH-KD
HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
Learn more

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Recirculation from
a circulation device
D
in the seal chamber
through a cooler and
B back into the seal
C
chamber.
SPT
© EagleBurgmann
E
PLAN 23 SHF © EagleBurgmann
A
A Circulating device
PLAN 23 SHF © EagleBurgmann
B Cooler
D Vent
E Drain

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5 1 Flush outlet (FO)
1 2 3 4 2 Flush inlet (FI)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann SHF


PLAN 23 SHF © EagleBurgmann Key
6 Vent (normally closed)
7 Drain (normally closed)
* Vertically oriented finned air cooler shall be installed if specified.

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• Product in seal chamber is isolated • Hot hydrocarbons. • Forhighermediafreezing
with high viscosities and • High temperature, clean
from pumping area using a close • Hot water services above 80 °C points, steam must non-polymerizing fluids.
clearance throat bushing. (176 °F). be used in the cooling lines instead • Close to vaporization point.
• Increases product temperature • Boiler feed water. of water.
margin in the seal chamber thus • Applications where increasing seal • A high-point vent valve to be Location, function
avoiding vaporization. chamber pressure to improve vapor provided to vent the system before • Process side
• Seal runs at a lower stabilized pressure margin is not possible. start-up. • Flushing and cooling
temperature of the media. • A close clearance throat bushing
• Removes only the generated seal
face heat and the heat soak from
must always be in place to reduce
the heat soak from the pump.
Configurations
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
the pump area, thus the cooler is
smaller and more effective as
• Avoid sharp bends and 90° elbows
in piping. Piping should be smooth
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
3CW-FB
compared to an equivalent Plan 21. and continuously rising.
• Uses a pumping ring for circulation
in running condition.
• Cooler to be installed approx.
500 mm (20”) above pump
• Ineffectidle ensures
condition, thermosiphon centerline.
circulation. • Good quality cooling water is
• Arecommended
distributed flush is not
for this plan.
recommended to avoid deterioration
of cooler efficiency.
• Flush outlet from seal chamber
should be in the top half of the seal
gland plate or the seal chamber.

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Learn more
about our products:

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Recirculation from
C the pump discharge
through a cyclone
separator delivering
B the clean fluid to the
seal chamber. The
solids are delivered
A
to the pump suction
line.
PLAN 31 SHV API © EagleBurgmann
A Cyclone separator
B Contaminated liquid IN
C Clean liquid OUT
D Separated liquid OUT

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5 1
1 From clean discharge connection of cyclone separator
2 3 4
2 Flush (F)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann SH



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• Plan 31 is a variant of Plan 11
(Plan 11 + cyclone separator).
• Horizontal pumps conveying media • Specific gravity of the solids should • Suspended solids
like water with sand particles. be at least twice that of the
• The cyclone separator removes • Horizontal pumps conveying media pumped media. In other cases Plan Location, function
solids and prevents all but a few with heavy suspended solids. 32 is recommended. • Process side
minor particles from reaching the
seal chamber.
• The installation of the pump throat
bushing must be ensured.
• The media properties retained as

solids are routed back to pump
• Docontaminated
not use for extremely
media. Plan 32 is
Configurations
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
suction. recommended in such cases. 2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
• Can lead to reduced reliability due
to abrasive wear inside the cyclone.
3CW-FB, 3CW-BB, 3CW-FF
• Routine inspection of the cyclone

for abrasive wear is recommended.
3NC-FB*, 3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann cyclone separators

CGSH-KD Configuration 3CW-BB:
Configuration 3NC-FB:* ZYA6000-A4

HRGS-DD, LNF992 Cyclone separator for high flow rates and
Configuration 3NC-BB:* high pressures.
CGSH-KD ZYB6000-A4
Configuration 3NC-FF:* Cyclone separator for high flow rates and
RGS-D high pressures; 100 % X-ray capability.
ZYC6000-A4
Cast version, block-type design with
integral flanges.
Learn more

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Injection of clean
fluid into the seal
chamber from an
external source.
A From external source

B To seal

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5 1 1 From external source
2 3 4 2 Flush (F)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber


Key
** 1 From external source
FI Flow indicator**
** PI Pressure indicator
TI Temperature indicator**
** Optional

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• Ifflushmaintained properly, the best • Fluids with solids and contaminants • The external flush media should be • Suspended solids
plan for single seals or where pumped fluid can accept an compatible with the pumped media. • Poor lubrication
inboard seals in dual seal external flush. • Flush media should not vaporize on • High temperature
arrangements (provided media
dilution is acceptable).
• To(asreduce flashing or air intrusion
in vacuum services).
entering the seal chamber and
should be always on – even during
• Hazardous / environmentally
harmful (only in combination with
• Used in conjunction with a close • Can be used on horizontal as well start-up and shut-down. additional API plan).
clearance throat bush to maintain
an elevated pressure in the seal
as vertical pumps. • Pressure of the external flush
should always be at least 2 bar (29 Location, function
chamber and to isolate it from PSI) above seal chamber pressure. • Process side
pumped media. • Consider economic impact of
product dilution, if any.
Configurations
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
3NC-FB*, 3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann SPX6 Flush unit
Category 1 Category 2/3 The EagleBurgmann flush unit of the

SPX6000-A4 range consist of
Configuration 1CW-FX: Configuration 1CW-FL: a manifold with integrated inline filter
APItex-S H75VA4-S, LL9UC, LEK777, SH, LY9SA, MBS682, LY9TC supplied together with a needle valve
Configuration 2CW-CW: Configuration 2CW-CW: and pressure gauge. Optional
APItex-T H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT available with temperature gauge and/
Configuration 3CW-FB: Configuration 2CW-CS: or flow indicator.
HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
Learn more

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Recirculation from
the pump discharge
through a cyclone
E
separator delivering
D
B the clean fluid to
a cooler and then to
A the seal chamber.
The solids are
delivered to the
F pump suction line.
SPT
© EagleBurgmann
A Cyclone separator
B Cooler
D Contaminated liquid IN
E Clean liquid OUT
F Separated liquid OUT

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5 1 1 From cooler
2 3 4 2 Flush (F)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber


Key

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• Plan 41 is a variant of Plan 31 • Horizontal pumps conveying hot • Specific gravity of the solids should • Suspended solids
(Plan 31 + cooler). media with heavy solids. be at least twice that of the • Poor lubrication
• Aandcyclone separator removes solids • Horizontal pumps conveying hot pumped media. In other cases Plan • High temperature
prevents all but a few minor water with sand or slag inclusions. 32 is recommended. • Close to vaporization point
particles from reaching the seal
chamber.
• The installation of the pump throat
bushing must be ensured. Location, function
• The media properties retained as • Not applicable for extremely • Process side
solids are routed back to the pump
suction.
contaminated media. Plan 32 is
recommended in such cases.
• The cooler cools down the media
and improves the pressure margin
• Cooler performance is high and may
lead to water side fouling.
Configurations
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX,
to the vapor pressure. • Can lead to reduced reliability due
to abrasive wear inside the cyclone.
2CW-CW, 2CW-CS,
• Routine inspection of the cyclone
for abrasive wear is recommended. 3NC-FB*, 3NC-BB*, 3NC-FF*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann seal supply
components

LL9DSUU, SH-D, LY9DSTT EagleBurgmann WEL6 Air cooler
HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
EagleBurgmann SPT6 Temperature indicator
Learn more

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Between seals Plan 52
Reservoir providing
buffer liquid
G for the outer seal of
an arrangement 2
unpressurized dual
seal. The buffer liquid
C shall be maintained
at a pressure less
A than seal chamber
pressure and less
than 2.8 bar
B (40 PSI).
E D
F
A From mechanical seal

B To mechanical seal
C Filling connection
PLAN 53A 53B H75A4–TC © EagleBurgmann
D Cooling water IN
PLAN 53A 53B H75A4–TC © EagleBurgmann E Cooling water OUT
F Drain
G Connection to flare
F

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11 4 Flush (F)
4 5 6 5 Liquid buffer OUT (LBO)
6 Liquid buffer IN (LBI)
11 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75A4-T

dual pusher mechanical seal.

PLAN 53A H75A4–TC © EagleBurgmann
1
Key
1 To collection system
2 Reservoir
3 Make-up buffer liquid
3 7 Cooling water IN
8 Reservoir buffer fluid drain
2 9 Cooling water OUT
10 Buffer fluid drain
LI Level indicator
LIT Level transmitter with local indicator
78 9
10

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• Provides lubrication and cooling to • Forlightflashing services – for example • Do not use for contaminated and • High vapor pressure, flashing media
the contacting wet outboard safety hydrocarbons, high vapor polymerizing media. • Clean, non-polymerizing
backup seal. pressure fluids. Can also be used • Use a restriction orifice plate in the • Hazardous / environmentally
• The pumped fluid will not become for non-flashing services. vent line to maintain a back harmful if leaked directly to the
contaminated. • For services where product pressure in the reservoir. atmosphere.
• The pumped media does not leak
directly to atmosphere.
contamination by a barrier fluid is
not acceptable.
• Vent the system before start-up.
Later ensure that the vent line Location, function
• Noreservoir
pressurization required for the always remains open and is • Between seals
as is case of a Plan 53A. connected to the flare. • Buffer system
• Provision of cooling coil inside the
reservoir or an external water or air
• The piping from the seal to the
reservoir should be self-venting.
(p >p
sealchamber betweenseals
)
cooler takes care of the heat

removal.
• Sense the seal inlet and outlet line
temperatures. Difference in the
• Lubrication and flushing for the
outboard seal and cooling for
• Uses an internal circulating device
to ensure buffer liquid circulation.
temperatures is an indication of
proper flow.
inboard as well as outboard seals.
• Anpressure
increase in either the reservoir
or reservoir level is an
Configurations
2CW-CW
indication of inboard seal leakage.
• Aandecrease in the reservoir level is
indication of outboard seal
leakage.
• Ensure the compatibility of buffer
liquid with the pump media.
• The buffer liquid shall be
maintained at a pressure less than
the seal chamber pressure and less
than 2.8 bar (40 PSI).
• Check buffer liquid quality at regular
intervals and replace if required.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann Barrier/buffer fluid systems
Category 1 TSA6, TSB6

The EagleBurgmann barrier/buffer fluid systems of the TSA6000-A4 range meet
Configuration 2CW-CW: all the requirements to supply mechanical seals in accordance with the API682
APItex-T 4th edition guidelines.
The vessels are equipped with all essential connections for fitting additional
Category 2/3 components.
H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZ
TSA6 – Standard vessel with dished heads TSB6 – Alternative vessel, bottom flanged
Learn more
about our products:

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Between seals Plan 53A
Pressurized barrier
fluid reservoir
G supplying clean fluid
for an arrangement 3
pressurized dual
seal.
C
E D

B To mechanical seal
C Filling connection
D Cooling water IN
E Cooling water OUT
F Drain
G From external pressure source
F

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11 4 Flush (F)
4 5 6 5 Liquid barrier OUT (LBO)
6 Liquid barrier IN (LBI)
11 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LY9DZTT

PLAN 52 LY9DZTT mit Foerdereinheit © EagleBurgmann P&ID according to API

1
Key
1 From external pressure source
2 Reservoir
3 Make-up barrier liquid
3 7 Cooling water IN
8 Reservoir barrier fluid drain
2 9 Cooling water OUT
10 Barrier fluid drain
LI Level indicator
78 9
10
Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 53A Plan overview

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• The pumped media never leaks to • Foris acceptable.
services where product dilution • Always ensure that the source • Suspended solids
the atmosphere unless the reservoir pressure is higher than the desired • Polymerizing and contaminated
pressure is lost. • For services where media is barrier pressure. media
• Apressurization.
nitrogen source is required for unsuitable for lubricating the inner • Vent the system before start-up. • Poor lubrication properties
seal faces. Later ensure that the vent line • Hazardous / environmentally
• Provision of cooling coil inside the • For barrier pressures up to16 bar always remains closed. harmful
reservoir or an external water or air (232 PSI). • Sense the seal inlet and outlet line • Leakage may form solids
cooler takes care of the heat temperatures. Difference in the • Close to vaporization point
removal. temperatures is an indication of • Can tolerate dilution with barrier
• Uses an internal circulating device proper flow. media
to ensure barrier liquid circulation. • Decrease in the reservoir level is an
• Barrier liquid enters the process indication of inboard or/and Location, function
medium through the inner seal outboard seal leakage. • Between seals
faces. • Ensure that the barrier pressure is
always higher than the seal
• Barrier
(p
system
<p )
chamber pressure by at least 1.4
bar (20 PSI). • Lubrication, flushing and cooling for
• For barrier pressures above 16 bar
(232 PSI) use Plan 53B, 53C or
both inboard as well as outboard
seals.
54.
• Check with the process engineer if
product contamination is
Configurations
acceptable.
• Ensure the compatibility of barrier
Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 53A Plan overview

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann Barrier/buffer fluid systems
Category 1 TSA6, TSB6

The EagleBurgmann barrier/buffer fluid systems of the TSA6000-A4 range meet
Configuration 3CW-FB: all the requirements to supply mechanical seals in accordance with the API682
APItex-T 4th edition guidelines.
The vessels are equipped with all essential connections for fitting additional
Category 2/3 components.
TSA6 – Standard vessel with dished heads TSB6 – Alternative vessel, bottom flanged
Learn more
about our products:
Plan 53A Drawings Description Plan overview

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Between seals Plan 53B
Barrier fluid system
D pressurized by
a bladder
accumulator
supplying clean liquid
A B
pressurized dual
seal.
SPB6
Plan 53B
© EagleBurgmann
A Cooler
B Bladder accumulator
C Drain
D Vent
C

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7 4 Flush (F)
4 5 6 5 Liquid barrier OUT (LBO)
7 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75A4-T

3 P&ID according to API

*
H75A4–TC © EagleBurgmann
8
Plan 53B Key
2 1 Make-up barrier liquid
2 Bladder accumulator
3 Bladder charge connection
10 *
1 8 Vent
*** 10 Valve* (for checking accumulator bladder integrity)
5
** PI Pressure indicator*
6 TI Temperature indicator**
TIT Temperature transmitter local indicator
* If specified, both the PI and valve 10 shall be installed for checking bladder integrity.
9
** If specified.
*** Vertically oriented, finned air cooler shall be installed if specified.
Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 53B Plan overview

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• The barrier fluid and nitrogen are • Foris acceptable.
services where product dilution • Check with the process engineer if • Suspended solids
separated by a bladder which product contamination is • Polymerizing and contaminated
effectively prevents the nitrogen • For services where media is acceptable. media
from mixing with the barrier fluid as unsuitable for flushing the inner • Check barrier fluid compatibility • Poor lubrication properties
in the case of a Plan 53A. seal faces. with the media. • Hazardous / environmentally
• The pumped medium generally does • For services where Plan 53A • Always pre-charge the bladder at harmful
not leak to the atmosphere unless cannot be used due to non- the correct pressure to ensure the • Leakage may form solids
the bladder pressure is lost. availability of a permanent, reliable required barrier pressure at the • Close to vaporization point
• High reliability as a stand-alone
system without need for a
nitrogen supply at required
pressure.
operating temperature. Refer to the
nameplate affixed to the
• Can
media
tolerate dilution with barrier
permanent nitrogen source and •

For applications with barrier accumulator.
external pressure. pressures above 16 bar (232 PSI) •
Vent the system before start-up. Location, function
• Heat removal by water or air cooler. where Plan 53A cannot be used. Later ensure that the vent line • Between seals
• Uses an internal circulating device always remains closed. • Barrier system
to ensure barrier liquid circulation. •
Sense the seal inlet and outlet line (p <p )
•
Barrier liquid enters the process temperatures. Difference in the
medium through the inner seal
faces.
temperatures is an indication of
proper flow.
• Lubrication, flushing and cooling for
•
Ensure that the barrier pressure is
seals.
chamber pressure by at least 1.4 Configurations

bar (20 PSI). 3CW-FB, 3CW-BB, 3CW-FF
•
Since there is less barrier fluid
volume in the accumulator, heat
dissipation is a function of the
cooler efficiency.
Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 53B Plan overview

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system
Category 1
SPB6
Configuration 3CW-FB: Pressurized barrier system (closed
APItex-T circuit) for use in seal systems with
high pressures and/or for hazardous/
environmentally harmful processes.
Category 2/3 The SPB6000-A4 (Plan 53B) range is
available with a pressure accumulator,
Configuration 3CW-FB: cooler (finned tube, water or air
H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT cooler with fan) and a wide range of
Configuration 3CW-BB: instruments.
SPB6 Barrier fluid system with bladder

accumulator
Learn more
about our products:
Plan 53B Drawings Description Plan overview

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Between seals Plan 53C
Barrier fluid system
E
pressurized by
a piston accumulator
A B for an arrangement 3
pressurized dual
seal. The barrier
pressure is
generated from the
seal chamber
C pressure. The system
is self-energizing and
reacts to fluctuations
in the seal chamber
fluid pressure.
A Cooler
B Piston accumulator
C Pressure reference
D Drain
E Vent

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3
3 Pressure reference
4 6 5
4 Flush (F)
5 Liquid barrier OUT (LBO)
7 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann MBS682-PTA

7
dual metal bellows mechanical seal.
8 PRV P&ID according to API

*
LIPLAN 53C MBS682–PTA © EagleBurgmann Key
2 1 Make-up barrier liquid
2 Piston accumulator
8 Vent
** LI Level indicator
5
* LT Level transmitter
PRV Pressure relief valve*
PDIT Differential pressure transmitter with local indicator
6 TI Temperature indicator*
* If specified
9 ** Vertically oriented, finned air cooler may be provided if specified
Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 53C Plan overview

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• Aadjusts
piston accumulator dynamically • Foris acceptable.
services where product dilution • Check barrier fluid compatibility • Non-polymerizing and clean media
the barrier pressure which with the media. • Poor lubrication properties
is based on the seal chamber
pressure, thus maintaining a fixed,
• For services where media is
unsuitable for flushing the inner
• Vent the system before start-up.
Later ensure that the vent line
• Hazardous
harmful
/ environmentally
steady differential pressure across seal faces. always remains closed. • Close to vaporization point
the inboard seal faces. • Forcannotservices where Plan 53A • Sense the seal inlet and outlet line • Can tolerate dilution with barrier
• Barrier liquid enters the process
medium through the inner seal
be used due to non-
availability of a permanent, reliable
temperatures. Difference in the
temperatures is an indication of
media
faces. nitrogen supply. proper flow. Location, function

• Uses the seal chamber pressure as • Ideal plan for applications with • Ensure that the barrier pressure is • Between seals
a reference pressure and
accordingly magnifies the barrier
varying seal chamber pressures.
Pressure ratio depending on stuffing
chamber pressure by at least
• Barrier
(p
system
<p )
pressure by a pre-defined ratio. box pressure range: 1.4 bar (20 PSI) (for piston ratio
• Highly reliable since there is no • 4 bar (58 PSI) … <10 bar selection). • Lubrication, flushing and cooling for
need for an external pressure
source.
(145 PSI) = piston ratio 1:1.5
• 10 bar (145 PSI) … <22 bar
• Since there is less barrier fluid
volume in the accumulator, heat
seals.
• Heat is removed with the help of
a water cooler or an air cooler.
• 22 bar (319 PSI) … 40 bar
dissipation is very much a function
of the cooler efficiency. Configurations
• Uses an internal circulating device
to ensure barrier liquid circulation.
For stuffing box pressures less
• Ensure that the seal chamber
reference line is not choked and
than 4 bar (58 PSI) or above that it is connected to the

40 bar (580 PSI) consult downstream of the accumulator.
EagleBurgmann. • Ensure proper heating or cooling of
• Check with the process engineer if
product contamination is
the reference pressure line if
necessary.
acceptable. • Check the compatibility of the
accumulator materials with the
pump media.
Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 53C Plan overview

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system
Category 1
SPC6
Configuration 3CW-FB: Pressurized barrier system (closed
APItex-T circuit) for use in seal systems with
high pressures and/or for hazardous/
environmentally harmful processes.
Category 2/3 The SPC6000-A4 (Plan 53C) range is
available with a pressure booster,
Configuration 3CW-FB: cooler (finned tube or water). Plan
H75A4-T, LL9DTUU, LL9DJUU, LY9DTSS, MBS682-PTA, LY9DZTT 53C can also be offered including air
Configuration 3CW-BB: cooler with fan.
SPC6 Barrier fluid system with piston

accumulator
Learn more
about our products:
Plan 53C Drawings Description Plan overview

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Pressurized external
barrier fluid system
B pressurized dual
seal. The barrier
liquid is maintained
at a pressure greater
than seal chamber
pressure and is
circulated by an
external pump or
pressure system.

B To external source
A

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2 1
6
1 From external source
3 4 5
2 To external source
3 Flush (F)
6 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75A4-B


PLAN 54 H75A4–B © EagleBurgmann
Key
2
2 To external source
1

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• Most reliable of all dual pressurized • Applications which require higher • Check with the process engineer if • Suspended solids
plans when properly engineered. heat dissipation, which limits the product contamination is • Polymerizing and contaminated
• Provides barrier liquid circulation use of Plans 53A, 53B, or 53C. acceptable. media
and cooling even though the • For services where product dilution • Check barrier fluid compatibility • Poor lubrication properties
process pump is in stand-by mode. is acceptable. with the media. • Hot services
• The pumped fluid becomes
contaminated but never leaks to the
• For services where media is
unsuitable for flushing the inner
• In case the system has a strainer or
a filter, check for blockages.
• Hazardous
harmful
/ environmentally
atmosphere unless the system seal faces. • Note that the loss of pressure in the • Leakage may form solids
pressure is lost. • Forcannotservices where Plan 53A system may cause the pumped • Close to vaporization point
• Ensures positive barrier fluid
circulation and better heat
be used due to non-
availability of central pressure
media to enter the entire Plan 54
system.
• Can
media
tolerate dilution with barrier
dissipation due to higher flow rates source. • Ensure that the barrier pressure is
as compared to 53A, 53B or 53C. • Forand/orapplications with high pressure always higher than the seal Location, function
Heat is removed with the help of high temperature or where chamber pressure by at least 1.4 • Between seals
a water cooler or an air cooler. an internal circulating device would bar (20 PSI). • Barrier system
• Uses a pump to ensure barrier not lead to effective circulation. • Plan 54 systems need careful (p <p )
•
liquid circulation and pressurization. Where a single system is utilized engineering based on the
• May employ a nitrogen / inert gas
blanket for barrier oil applications.
for multiple seals. application. • Lubrication and flushing for the
outboard seal and cooling for
inboard as well as outboard seals.
Configurations

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Category 1
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Learn more
about our products:

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Unpressurized
external buffer fluid
system supplying
clean buffer liquid for
B the outer seal of an
arrangement 2
unpressurized dual
seal. Buffer liquid is
circulated by an
external pump or
pressure system.
PLAN 55 LY9DZTT © EagleBurgmann

B To external source
PLAN 55 LY9DZTT © EagleBurgmann

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6 2 1 1 From external source
3 4 5 2 To external source
3 Flush (F)
4 Liquid buffer OUT (LBO)
5 Liquid buffer IN (LBI)
6 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LY9DZTT


Key
2
LY9DZTT © EagleBurgmann 2 To external source
Plan 55 1

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• Provides lubrication and cooling to • Forlightflashing services – for example • Not to be used for contaminated • High temperature
the outboard safety backup seal. hydrocarbons, high vapor and polymerizing media. • High vapor pressure, flashing media
• The pumped fluid does not become pressure fluids. • Sense the seal inlet and outlet line • Clean, non-polymerizing
contaminated. • Can also be used for non-flashing temperatures. Difference in the • Hazardous / environmentally
• The pumped media does not leak service. temperatures is an indication of harmful if leaked directly to the
directly to the atmosphere. • For services where product dilution proper flow. atmosphere.
• Uses an external pump or pressure is not acceptable. • Provide proper instruments like
system to ensure buffer liquid • Where a single system is to be a flowmeter which will indicate Location, function
circulation. utilized for multiple seals. outboard seal leakage when the • Between seals
• Provides buffer liquid circulation
and cooling even though the
flow increases. Also provide
suitable pressure reduction as well
• Buffer
(p
system
>p )
process pump is in stand-by mode. as non-return valves in the flushing
pipeline. • Flushing and cooling
• The buffer liquid shall be
maintained at a pressure less than Configurations
seal chamber pressure and less 2CW-CW
than 2.8 bar (40 PSI).
• Ensure the compatibility of buffer
• These systems may need additional
engineering depending on
application.

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Category 1
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Learn more
about our products:

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Tapped connections
for the purchaser’s
use e.g., for future
use of buffer gas.
A A
PLAN 71 LL9DTUE © EagleBurgmann
A
PLAN 71 LL9DTUE © EagleBurgmann
A Connection plugged

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5 1 Flush (F)
1 2 3 4 2 Containment seal vent (CSV), plugged
3 Containment seal drain (CSD), plugged
4 Gas buffer inlet (GBI), plugged
5 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LL9DTUE


PLAN 71 LL9DTUE © EagleBurgmann Key
2 Containment seal vent (CSV), plugged
3 Containment seal drain (CSD), plugged
4 Gas buffer inlet (GBI), plugged

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• When a gas buffer is to be
provided, the GBI port can be
• May be used for flashing as well as • Ensure that the ports are plugged
non-flashing services. with metallic plugs when a Plan 72,
• Hazardous
harmful
/ environmentally
converted to Plan 72. • Forcontainment

contacting or non-contacting 75 or 76 is not connected. • High vapor pressure fluids
• The CSV connection is piped to
connect to vent when converted to
seals where provision • Ensure that the CSV port is oriented • Clean non-polymerizing fluids
for future use of Plans 72, 75 or 76 to the 12 o'clock position and CSD • Fluids condensing or vaporizing at
Plan 76. is desired. to the 6 o'clock position. ambient temperatures.
• The CSD connection is piped to
collect condensate when converted Location, function
to Plan 75. • Between seals
Configurations
2CW-CS, 2NC-CS

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Category 1
Configuration 2NC-CS:
H75LG4-C
Category 2/3
H75LG4-C
Learn more
about our products:

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<
<
Externally supplied
buffer gas for
arrangement 2
A unpressurized seals
with a dry running
containment seal.
Buffer gas is
maintained at
a pressure less than
B seal chamber
pressure.
PLAN 72 H75LG4–C © EagleBurgmann
PLAN 72 H75LG4–C © EagleBurgmann
A Gas OUT
B Gas IN

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6
2 Flush (F)
2 3 4 5 3 Containment seal vent (CSV)
4 Containment seal drain (CSD)
5 Gas buffer inlet (GBI)
6 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75LG4-C


PLAN 72 H75LG4–C © EagleBurgmann Key
1 1 Buffer gas panel
3 Containment seal vent (CSV)
7 4 Containment seal drain (CSD)
7 From buffer gas supply
FIL Coalescing filter

FIT Flow transmitter with local indicator
3 PCV Pressure control valve

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• Iscondensing
used together with Plan 75 (for
leakage) or Plan 76
• May be used for flashing as well as • Always ensure that the buffer gas
non-flashing services. pressure is less than the seal
• Hazardous
harmful
/ environmentally
(for vaporizing leakage). chamber pressure. • High vapor pressure fluids

• The buffer gas is usually nitrogen • Set the forward pressure regulator • Clean non-polymerizing fluids
and acts as a supply medium for
the outboard seal and as a
to min 0.4 bar (5 PSI) above the
normal flare pressure.
• Fluids condensing or vaporizing at
ambient temperatures.
sweeping medium for leakages
from the inboard seal.
• The buffer gas pressure should not
exceed 0.7 bar (10 PSI). Location, function
• Nitrogen blanket reduces the
explosion hazard arising out of
• Ensure that the CSV port is oriented • Between seals
to the 12 o'clock position and CSD • Buffer system
leakages from the inboard seal as to the 6 o'clock position. (p >p
sealchamber
)
betweenseals
well as prevents icing in cryogenic
applications.
Configurations
2CW-CS, 2NC-CS

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann gas supply system
Category 1 GSS6000
• Safe operation due to incorporated pressure regulator with upstream filter.
Configuration 2NC-CS: • System mounted on a plate.
H75LG4-C • Easy wall or rack mounting.
• Coalescing filter with integrated sight-glass for monitoring liquid level to
ensure safe operation even in case of poor gas quality.
Category 2/3
• Rigid base frame for easy rack mounting.
• Wide
seals.
range of flow monitoring to ensure utmost reliability of mechanical

H75LG4-C
GSS6000 Gas supply system
Learn more
about our products:

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Externally supplied
barrier gas for
arrangement 3 dual
BA
pressurized
non-contacting gas
seals.
AB
GSS6001
PLAN 74
© EagleBurgmann
A Gas OUT
B Gas IN

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2 Vent (if required)
2 5 3 Gas barrier inlet (GBI)
3 4
4 Gas barrier outlet (GBO) (normally closed), used only to depressurize barrier
5 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann CGSH-KD


PLAN 74 CGSH–KD–API © EagleBurgmann
Key
1 1 Barrier gas panel
3 Gas barrier inlet (GBI)
6 4 Gas barrier outlet (GBO) (normally closed), used only to depressurize barrier
6 From barrier gas supply
FIL Coalescing filter

FIT Flow transmitter with local indicator
3 PCV Pressure control valve

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• Nitrogen is used as barrier gas. • Forseals.dual pressurized non-contacting • Check if nitrogen is compatible with • Poor lubrication
• Pumped media never leaks to the the pumped media. • Clean, non-polymerizing moderate
atmosphere. • For media with moderate • Ensure that the barrier gas pressure temperature fluids.
• High reliability due to the absence
of foreign particles/solids in the
temperatures, with poor lubrication
properties or with hazardous or
is higher than the seal chamber
pressure by at least 1.7 bar (25
• Hazardous
harmful
/ environmentally
barrier gas. toxic nature. PSI). • Close to vaporization point

• Forcontamination
services where media
is acceptable but no
• Set the back pressure regulator at
least 1.7 bar (25 PSI) above the
• High vapor pressure media
media leakage to atmosphere is seal chamber pressure. Location, function

tolerated. • Check filter from time to time for • Between seals
• Flashing light hydrocarbons. any blockages. • Barrier system
• Do not use for polymerizing and
sticky media as this creates
(p <p
)
problems with the inboard seal

faces. Configurations
• Ensure a reliable nitrogen supply.
Avoid usage of nitrogen gas bottles.
3NC-FB, 3NC-BB, 3NC-FF
• Use individual gas panel per seal

assembly in a between bearing
pump.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann gas supply system
Category 1 GSS6001
• Safe operation due to incorporated pressure regulator with upstream filter.
Configuration 3NC-BB: • System mounted on a plate.
CGSH-KD • Easy wall or rack mounting.
• Coalescing filter with integrated sight-glass for monitoring liquid level to
ensure safe operation even in case of poor gas quality.
Category 2/3
• Rigid base frame for easy rack mounting.
• Wide
seals.
range of flow monitoring to ensure utmost reliability of mechanical
HRGS-DD, LNF992
CGSH-KD
RGS-D
GSS6001 Gas supply system
Learn more
about our products:

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A containment seal
chamber leakage
collection system for
condensing or mixed
phase leakage on
arrangement 2
unpressurized seals
with containment
seals.
10
9 B To vapor collection system
C Drain
10
9
A
B
LSAPI4/M001
© EagleBurgmann

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8 4 Flush (F)
4 5 6 7 5 Containment seal vent (CSV), plugged
7 Gas buffer inlet (GBI), plugged unless used with a Plan 72
8 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75A4-C


Key
PLAN 75 H75A4–CC © EagleBurgmann 1 To vapor collection system
2 To liquid collection system
3 Test connection (if specified)
5 5 Containment seal vent (CSV), plugged
7 7 Gas buffer inlet (GBI), plugged unless used with a Plan 72
6 LI Level indicator
1 PIT Pressure transmitter with local indicator
3
LI *
* If specified
2

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• This plan can be used with buffer • For condensing media.
gas (Plan 72) or without buffer gas • For configurations utilizing an
• Setto a pressure
the pressure transmitter alarm
of 0.7 bar (10 PSI)
harmful (generally in combination
(Plan 71). outboard containment seal – so as to trigger an alarm when the with additional API plan).
• Avoids direct leakage of pumped contacting or non-contacting type. pressure in the leakage collector • Clean non-polymerizing fluids
media to the atmosphere. • Generally used in combination with increases. This indicates inboard • Fluids condensing at ambient
• Liquid leakage is collected in the a Plan 72 nitrogen purge. seal leakage. temperatures.
leakage collector and vapors pass
to the collection system.
• Ensure that the vent line is always
open and an orifice is present to Location, function
• Excessive leakage and the use of generate back pressure. • Between seals
an orifice in the outlet line of the
collector together leads to
• Always mount the leakage
collection system below the pump
• Leakage alarm and collection
a pressure build-up in the collector centerline. Configurations
and triggers a pressure alarm at
0.7 bar (10 PSI) with the help of
• Use sloping lines from the CSD port
to the leakage collector.
2CW-CS
a pressure transmitter. • Use the level gauge to ascertain if

the leakage collector needs to be
drained.

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Category 2/3
EagleBurgmann leakage collection reservoir
LSC6
The EagleBurgmann leakage control systems of the LSC6000-A4 range are
utilized to collect condensing or mixed phase leakage - vapor passing through.
A level indicator is installed to determine when the tank needs to be drained.
A pressure gauge tracks and indicates seal leakage.
LSC6 Leakage collection reservoir
Learn more
about our products:

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A containment seal
B chamber drain for
non-condensing
leakage on
arrangement 2
unpressurized seals
with containment
A
seals. Used if the
pumped fluid does
not condense at
ambient
C temperatures.

B To vapor collection system
C Drain

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8 4 Flush (F)
4 5 6 7 5 Containment seal vent (CSV)
6 Containment seal drain (CSD), closed
7 Gas buffer inlet (GBI), plugged unless used with Plan 72
8 Seal chamber
Example seal: EagleBurgmann LL9DTUE

PLAN 76 LL9DTUE © EagleBurgmann P&ID according to API

1 Key
1 To vapour collection system
2 Tube
3 Pipe
3 5 Containment seal vent (CSV)
6 Containment seal drain (CSD), closed
2
7 Gas buffer inlet (GBI), plugged unless used with Plan 72

5

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• Avoids direct leakage of pumped
media to the atmosphere and
• Fortypically
non-condensing media –
high vapor pressure
• Setto a pressure
the pressure transmitter alarm
of 0.7 bar (10 PSI)
harmful (generally in combination
ensures almost no leakage from the flashing light hydrocarbons. so as to trigger an alarm when the with additional API plan).
outboard seal. • Foroutboard
configurations utilizing an pressure in the vapor collection • Clean non-polymerizing fluids
• The vapors are directed to the vapor
collection system.
containment seal –
contacting or non-contacting type.
system increases. This indicates
inboard seal leakage.
• Fluids vaporizing at ambient
temperatures.
• This plan can be used with buffer
gas (Plan 72) or without buffer gas
• Ensure that the vent line is always
open and an orifice is present to Location, function
(Plan 71). generate back pressure. • Between seals
• Ensure a low point condensate
drain.
• Leakage alarm and collection
• Check that the support to the
harness piping is sufficient.
Configurations
2CW-CS, 2NC-CS
• Use a minimum 1/2" (13 mm)
tubing for the CSV line and ensure
that the pipeline rises continuously
upwards.
• Do not use for condensing media.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann leakage detection system
Category 1 SPP6
The EagleBurgmann leakage control systems of the SPP6000-A4 range
Configuration 2NC-CS: consist of a pressure transmitter which is supplied together with a block
H75LG4-C and bleed valve as well as an orifice and drain valve.
Category 2/3
H75LG4-C SPP6 Typical design
Learn more
about our products:

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Atmospheric side Plan 51
Reservoir providing
2
13
a dead-ended blanket
12
for fluid to the
3
4 A quench connection of
14 the gland plate. Only
11
recommended for
1
9
5
vertical pumps.
10
7 6
5
8
QFT6 © EagleBurgmann
A Reservoir

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1 1 From reservoir
5
4 2 3 2 Quench (Q)
3 Drain (D), plugged
4 Flush (F)
5 Seal chamber


PLAN 51 LL9UC © EagleBurgmann

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• Typically
device.
uses an auxiliary sealing • Vertical pumps with dead-ended
atmospheric quench.
• Routine inspection of the liquid
level is recommended.
• Tendency to ice at ambient
temperatures.
• Can help to prevent icing on the
atmospheric side. Location, function
• Atmospheric side
• Quenching
Configurations
1CW-FL
1CW-FX*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann Quench system
Category 1 QFT6
Quench fluid supply systems are used
Configuration 1CW-FX:* with single mechanical seals. They act
APItex-S as a convenient fluid reservoir. The
QFT6000-A4 stainless steel tank is
equipped with a sight-glass for
Category 2/3 monitoring the MIN/MAX filling level
and can be fastened with a lug fixture.
QFT6 Quench system
Learn more

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Tapped and plugged
atmospheric-side
connections for
purchaser’s use.
A Connection plugged

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5 1 Quench (Q), plugged, metal
3 1 2 2 Drain (D), open connected to metal tubing
3 Flush (F)
5 Seal chamber


PLAN 61 LL9UC © EagleBurgmann Key
1 Quench (Q), plugged, metal
2 Drain (D), open connected to metal tubing
4 To collection point

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Features Application Remarks, checkpoints Location, function
• Normally used for single seals but
can be applied for dual seals as
• Ona future
horizontal and vertical pumps as • Ensure that atmospheric side ports • Atmospheric side
provision for Plan 62 or are always plugged if not in use as • Drain
well. Plan 65. foreign particle entry will cause
• The ‘Q’ and ‘D’ connections when seal failure. Configurations
piped, this plan is converted to Plan
62.
• Use metallic plugs or connect the
necessary piping by replacing the
1CW-FL, 1CW-FX
• The ‘D’ connection can be piped to

a drain collection system.
plastic plugs fitted on the
mechanical seal gland plate.
2CW-CW*, 3CW-FB*, 3CW-BB*,
3CW-FF*

>plan overview.

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Category 1
APItex-S
Configuration 2CW-CW:*
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Configuration 3CW-FB:*
Learn more

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Quench stream from
an external source to
the atmospheric side
of the seal faces. The
B A quench stream can
be low pressure
steam, nitrogen or
clean water.
A Valve
B Check valve
C Drain
C

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4 1 Quench (Q)
3 1 2 2 Drain (D)
3 Flush (F)
4 Seal chamber


Key
1 Quench (Q)
2 Drain (D)

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• The quench fluid cools the seal • Used with steam to avoid coking or • It has to be ensured that a close • High temperature
faces from underneath and also crystallization in hot hydrocarbon clearance throttle bush is fitted on • Leakage may form solids
reduces coking and oxidation of the services. the atmospheric side of the seal. • Cryogenic
media by creating a barrier between
the seal faces and the atmosphere.
• Used with nitrogen to avoid icing in • Quench pressure to be maintained
cryogenic services. between 0.2 to 0.3 barg (2.9 to Location, function
• Flushes away built-up material or
solids underneath the seal faces.
• out e.g, caustic and salt services.
Used for services that tend to salt 4.3 PSIG). • Atmospheric side
• Uses water, steam or nitrogen. • Applied at horizontal as well as Configurations
• Applied with or without quench
baffle.
vertical pumps. 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX

3CW-FF*

>plan overview.

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Category 1
APItex-S
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Learn more

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Atmospheric side Plan 65A
Atmospheric leakage
collection and alarm
system for
condensing leakage.
Failure of the seal
will be detected by
A From mechanical seal an excessive flow
B To liquid collection system rate into the leakage
C Valve (locked open)
collection system.
D Flow control orifice
A
C
D B

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6 2 2 To liquid collection system
3 4 5 3 Flush (F)
4 Quench (Q)
5 Drain (D)
6 Seal chamber


LL9UC © EagleBurgmann Key
Plan 65A 1 Valve (locked open)
4 Quench (Q)
5 Drain (D)
4

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• Uses the Plan 61 drain connection. • For single seals with expected • Avertical
5 mm (0.20") orifice in the • Condensing, medium temperature
• Collects the leakage from a single condensing leakage. piping leg should be fluids.
seal in a leakage collection • Generally for horizontal pumps. installed.
reservoir. • Itconnection
must be ensured that the drain Location, function
• Iswithequipped with a level transmitter on the gland is at the • Atmospheric side
a high level alarm. bottom-most position (6 o’clock). • Leakage collection, detection and
• This plan is applied with a floating
or segmented bushing or a similar
• The valve below the gland (1)
should always be kept open during
alarm
containment device. pump operation. Configurations

1CW-FL, 1CW-FX

3CW-FF*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann leakage collection reservoir
Category 1 LSA6
In accordance with API Plan 65A, the EagleBurgmann leakage control systems
Configuration 1CW-FX: of the LSA6000 range consist of a leakage collection tank with integrated
APItex-S orifice and overflow pipe. The level can be monitored with the differential
pressure transmitter which is supplied together with a five-way manifold valve.
APItex-T
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Learn more

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Atmospheric side Plan 65B
Atmospheric leakage
collection and
detection system for
condensing leakage.
Failure of the seal
A From mechanical seal will be detected by
B To liquid collection system a cumulative leakage
C Valve (locked open) into the system.
D Valve (normally closed)
A
C
D
B

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7 3 3 To liquid collection system
4 5 6 4 Flush (F)
5 Quench (Q)
6 Drain (D)
7 Seal chamber


LL9UC © EagleBurgmann
Plan 65B Key
1 Valve (locked open)
2 Drain valve
5 Quench (Q)
5 6 Drain (D)

6

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• Uses the Plan 61 drain connection. • For single seals with expected • Itdownstream
must be ensured that the valve • Condensing, medium temperature
• Collects the leakage from a single condensing leakage. of the reservoir is fluids
seal in a leakage collection
reservoir.
• Generally for horizontal pumps. always kept closed during operation
of the pump. Location, function
• Iswithequipped with a level transmitter • Drain connection on the gland must • Atmospheric side
a high level alarm. be at the bottom-most position (6 • Leakage collection, detection and
• This plan is used with a floating or o’clock). alarm
segmented bushing or a similar
containment device.
• The valve below the gland (1)
should always be kept open during Configurations
• Identical to Plan 65A except that it
uses a normally closed valve in
pump operation. 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX
place of the orifice of Plan 65A. 2CW-CW*, 3CW-FB*, 3CW-BB*,

3CW-FF*

>plan overview.

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Applicable EagleBurgmann seals EagleBurgmann leakage collection reservoir
Category 1 LSB6
In accordance with API Plan 65B, the EagleBurgmann leakage control systems
Configuration 1CW-FX: of the LSB6000 range consist of a leakage collection tank with valve and
APItex-S overflow pipe. The level can be monitored with the differential pressure
transmitter which is supplied together with a five-way manifold valve.
APItex-T
APItex-T
Category 2/3
Learn more

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Atmospheric side Plan 66A
Throttle bushings in
the seal gland
minimize the seal
leakage leaving
the seal gland and
A allow for detection of
a seal failure by an
alarm of the
monitoring pressure
B
transmitter.
SPP6 1CW–FL
© EagleBurgmann
PLAN 66A H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann
PLAN 66A H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann
A Pressure transmitter
B Segmented bushing

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5
1 Flush (F)
1 2 3 4 2 Pressure transmitter sensing port (PIT)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)
5 Seal chamber


Key
H75VNA4–SC PLAN 66A © EagleBurgmann 3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)


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• Utilizes two bushings – the inner
segmented floating bushing and the
• Commonly used on horizontal
pipeline pumps.
• Itfrommustthebedrainensured that the leakage • Low to medium temperature liquids
port is collected and
outer solid carbon floating bushing. piped to a leakage recovery system. Location, function
• Normal leakage continues to flow • Drain connection on the gland must • Atmospheric side
freely to the drain port. be at the bottom-most position (6 • Leakage limiting detection and
• Excessive leakage is restricted by
the inner bushing causing
o’clock). alarm
a pressure build-up which Configurations

subsequently triggers a pressure 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX
alarm by the pressure transmitter.

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component
Category 1
APItex-S
Category 2/3
EagleBurgmann SPP pressure transmitter
Learn more
about our products:

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Atmospheric side Plan 66B
An orifice plug in the
drain port minimizes
the seal leakage
leaving the seal gland
and allows for
A detection of a seal
failure by an alarm of
the monitoring
pressure transmitter.
B
SPP6 1CW–FL
© EagleBurgmann
PLAN 66B H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann
A Pressure transmitter
PLAN 66B H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann
B Segmented bushing
C Orifice plug drain
C

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1 Flush (F)
6 5
1 2 3 4 2 Pressure transmitter sensing port (PIT)
3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D), with orifice plug installed
5 Orifice plug
6 Seal chamber


Key
H75VNA4–SC PLAN 66B © EagleBurgmann 3 Quench (Q)
4 Drain (D)


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• Utilizes an orifice plug to limit the
amount of leakage leaving the seal
• Commonly used on horizontal
pipeline pumps.
• Itfrommustthebedrainensured that the leakage • Low to medium temperature liquids
port is collected and
gland. piped to a leakage recovery system. Location, function
• Normal leakage continues to flow • Drain connection on the gland must • Atmospheric side
freely to the drain port. be at the bottom-most position (6 • Leakage limiting detection and
• Excessive leakage causes o’clock). alarm
a pressure build-up upstream of the
orifice plug which subsequently
• Media properties to be checked for
possible blockage of the orifice Configurations
triggers a pressure alarm by the plug due to congealing. 1CW-FL, 1CW-FX
pressure transmitter.

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component
Category 1
APItex-S
Category 2/3
EagleBurgmann SPP pressure transmitter
Learn more
about our products:

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Engineered Plan 99
Engineered piping
plan not defined by
other existing plans.
Drawings Description Plan overview

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Features Pump media characteristics
• Typically an engineered system –
as per API 682 guidelines or at
• Depends on the application.
times beyond the scope of the Location, function
standard. • Depending upon the application,
may be applied on the process side
Application or the atmospheric side.
• May be applied to any duties • Depending upon the application the
er ed – non-hydrocarbons, non-flashing or function may be flushing, cooling,
ine
flashing hydrocarbons. lubrication or leakage detection or
Eng
• May be applied to horizontal as
well as vertical pumps.
leakage collection or alarm.
Configurations
Remarks, checkpoints
• May be applied to any of the
• This plan always needs detailed
engineering as well as detailed
configurations defined in the API
682.
discussions between the seal
manufacturer and client.
Plan 99 Plan overview

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AP4-BKTE / PDFAPP / V1 / 02.14 / 9.7. / © EagleBurgmann Group Marketing, Germany
F
API 682 4th edition piping plans
eagleburgmann.com
api682@eagleburgmann.com
CSD
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rgma u
agleB
Front page
© E
<

Pocket API 682 4th Edition Piping Plans - EN Burgmann PDF

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Pocket API 682 4th Edition Piping Plans - EN Burgmann PDF

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The complete guide to all plans for supplying mechanical seals

API 682 4th edition

Plan overview Introduction Symbols

Plan 32 External flush Remark

Introduction Symbols Front page

Furthermore, we have enriched

Plan overview Symbols Front page

Plan location: Instrument symbols Equipment symbols

Seals: LIT Level transmitter with local indicator Cyclone separator

Plan overview Introduction Front page

PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann

PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann

Drawings Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan overview

5 Example seal: EagleBurgmann APItex-S

P&ID according to API

Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 01 Plan overview

1CW-FL*, 2CW-CS*, 3CW-BB*,

* Possible, see remark on page

Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 01 Plan overview

Plan 01 Drawings Description Plan overview

PLAN 02 LY9TC © EagleBurgmann

PLAN 02 LY9TC © EagleBurgmann

A Flush connection plugged

Drawings Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan overview

Example seal: EagleBurgmann LY9TC

P&ID according to API

Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 02 Plan overview

seal chamber temperature. industry.

• Used in combination with Plan 62 cylindrical seal chambers. Location, function

Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 02 Plan overview

Category 1 Category 2/3

Configuration 1CW-FX: Configuration 1CW-FL:

Plan 02 Drawings Description Plan overview

PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann

PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann

A Taper bore design of seal chamber

Drawings Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan overview

Example seal: EagleBurgmann APItex-S

PLAN 03 APITEX–SC © EagleBurgmann P&ID according to API

Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 03 Plan overview

Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 03 Plan overview

Category 1 Category 2/3

Configuration 1CW-FX: Configuration 1CW-FL:

Plan 03 Drawings Description Plan overview

PLAN 11 H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann

PLAN 11 H75VA4–SC © EagleBurgmann

A Flow control orifice

Drawings Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan overview

Example seal: EagleBurgmann H75VA4-S

P&ID according to API

Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 11 Plan overview

* Possible, see remark on page

Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 11 Plan overview

Category 1 Category 2/3

Configuration 1CW-FX: Configuration 1CW-FL:

Plan 11 Drawings Description Plan overview

Drawings Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan overview

Example seal: EagleBurgmann LL9UC

P&ID according to API

Description Applicable Seals & Systems Plan 12 Plan overview

* Possible, see remark on page

Applicable Seals & Systems Drawings Plan 12 Plan overview

Category 1 Category 2/3

1CW-FL, 2CW-CS, 3CW-BB*,

3CW-BB, 3CW-FF, 3NC-FB*,

operating life and is therefore not 3CW-BB, 3CW-FF, 3NC-FB*,