I.

INTRODUCTION
Since we were in elementary school, or even in kindergarten, the teachers
always taught us to have good behavior towards ourselves, teacher, parents,
friends, and to other people (society) around us. Those kinds of behavior are in
form of respect, help each other, discipline, be nice, and still many examples of
good behavior. If we implement those behaviors continuously, then it becomes
good habit in our life and we do not feel struggle to do that. After we graduated
from University, of course we will look for a job. As we had implemented good
behavior from we were child, whatever our job or profession is, we will do our
job very well with good ethics, good habit, discipline, and others. In our work
environment we have some friends, work partner, boss, and we can treat them
very well because we used to it. Our teachers from kindergarten until university
taught us to have such kind of attitude. Having good behaviors as mentioned
above means we have good ahklak.
Etimologically, the word akhlak is derived from Arabic language in plural
term (‫ )أخالق‬and the singular term is khuluq (ٌ‫ ) ُخلُق‬which means attitude, manner,
or behavior.1 Akhlak is the other term of moral and ethics. According to Al-
Ghazali, khuluq is a character that someone owns which make he or she can do
something easily without any hard thinking activity.2 Moreover, according to Ibnu
Miskawih in holy book Tahdzibul Akhlak that khuluq is a condition that the
willingness of soul to do certain activity without thinking.3 Therefore, akhlak can
be categorized as manifestation of iman, Islam, and ihsan that represent someone
which not need much consideration to act and become habit.

1
SIDIK TONO, et al., Ibadah dan Akhlak Dalam Islam, AUNUR RAHIM FAQIH and AMIR MU’ALLIM
(ed.), UII PRESS, Yogyakarta, 1998, p. 81.
2
Id. p. 82.
3
Id.
 In Islam, akhlak is divided into several kinds for example akhlak towards
Allah SWT, akhlak towards Rasulullah SAW and his angels, parents, teacher,
friends, even akhlak towards our profession or job. In this paper, the writer will
focus to explain akhlak in profession and friendship which will include the
definition of profession and friendship, principles and ethics in working, and
principles and ethics in building a friendship.

II. PROBLEM FORMULATION

1. How does Islam govern akhlak in profession and friendship?
 III. CONTENT
This paper will explain about ahklak in profession and friendship, then it is
necessary to define what are profession and friendship themselves. The writer is
very sure that everyone knows what the definition of profession is. Generally,
most of people define profession as a job. According to Oxford Dictionary,
profession means a paid occupation, especially one that involves prolonged
training and a formal qualification.4 De George has similar point of view towards
the definition, according to him, profession is an occupation that conducted by
someone as his or her daily activity to gain sallary or income and specific
expertises are needed.5 Based on those definitions, we can categorize or assume
that profession is an occupation which needs some qualifications. In Islam, it
orders all its believers to work because it is part of benefaction Moslems shall do
and the order has been written in al-Quran many times. In surah At-tawbah verse
9:
َ َّ َْ َ َ ُّ ُ َ ُ ْ ْ ُ ُ ُ َ ُ‫ه‬ َ ُ ْ ُ َ
‫اَّلل َع َملك ْم َو َر ُسوله َوال ُمؤ ِمنون ۖ َو َس َيدون ِإ َٰل َع ِال ِم الغ ْي ِب َوالش َهاد ِة‬ ‫اع َملوا ف َس ََ َيى‬ ‫وق ِل‬
َ ُ َ ُ ُ ُ ُ َ َ
‫ف ُين ِّبئكم ِب َما كنت ْم ت ْع َملون‬
The meaning: And say, "Do [as you will], for Allah will see your deeds, and [so,
will] His Messenger and the believers. And you will be returned to the Knower
of the unseen and the witnessed, and He will inform you of what you used to do."
In surah Al-Qasas verse 26:
َ ْ ُّ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َّ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ
ُ ‫اْلم‬ َ ‫اه َما َيا َأ‬
ُ َ ْ ْ َ َ
‫ي‬ َِ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬ِ ‫ق‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ت‬‫ر‬‫ج‬‫أ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اس‬ ‫ن‬‫م‬
ِ َ‫ي‬‫خ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ۖ
ِ ِ‫ه‬‫ر‬‫ج‬ ‫أ‬‫ت‬ ‫اس‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ب‬ ‫قالت ِإحد‬
The meaning: One of the women said, "O my father, hire him. Indeed, the best
one you can hire is the strong and the trustworthy."

4
Oxford Dictionary, [website], https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/profession, (accessed
March 3, 2018).
5
R. RIZAL ISNANTO, Buku Ajar Etika Profesi, The Study Program of Computer System Faculty of
Engineering, Diponegoro University, p. 6.
 In surah Az-Zumar verse 39:
َ َ َ َ َ َ ِّ ُ َ َ ََ ُ ْ َ َ ُ
39:39 - ‫َل َمكان ِتك ْم ِإ ين ع ِام ٌل ۖ ف َس ْوف ت ْعل ُمون‬
ٰ ‫ق ْل يا ق ْو ِم اع َملوا ع‬
The meaning: Say, "O my people, work according to your position, [for] indeed,
I am working; and you are going to know.
Those three verses are the representative at once the evidence that Islam is a
religion that order all its believers to work, eventhough the destiny of the believers
already determined but it is not a reason that they being lazy.
Friendship is a relation which involve joy, trust, respect, support, care, and
spontanious.6 According to Oxford Dictionary, friendship means ‘The emotions
or conduct of friends; the state of being friends’ or ‘A relationship between
friends’.7 On the other side, according to Agnor, friendship is a relation where the
social and emotional needs are fulfilled such as emotional support, help, and
intellectual stimulation.8 Zimmermann added that a friendship relation is marked
by love, intimacy, an alliance can be relied on, and emotional support.9 Al-quran
also mentions about friendship in some verses, for example in surah Az-Zukhruf
verse 67:
َ َّ ْ َّ ٌّ ُ َ َْ ْ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ َّ َ ْ
43:67 - ‫ض عدو ِإَّل ال ُمت ِق َي‬
ٍ ‫اْل ِخَّلء يوم ِئ ٍذ بعضهم ِلبع‬
The meaning: “Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for
the righteous.”
In surah Al-Furqan verse 27-29 also mention that our friends during we live in
Earth is having impact to us in hereafter. Those verses talk about the regret of
someone who makes a friend which cannot bring him to goodness. In conlusion,

6
ANGELA, ‘HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS PERSAHABATAN DENGAN PRIVASI PADA
REMAJA AKHIR’, Faculty of Psychology Gunadarma, p. 4. (quoted from Davis, Hall 1995).
7
Oxford Dictionary, [website], https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/friendship, (accessed
March 3, 2018).
8
DEWI ANGRAINI and HIJRIYATI CUCUANI, ‘Hubungan Kualitas Persahabatan Dan Empati Pada
Pemaafan Remaja Akhir’, Jurnal Psikologi, vol. 10, no. 1, 2014, p. 20.
9
Id.
 the meaning of friendship is a relation among friends that have impact
emotionally, usually those who engage in a friendship have specific treatment
towards each other such as support, cares, and even same feeling of certain stuff.
Most of people misunderstood that Islam is a religion which not really put
attention on work, they think that Allah already determined the destiny of
everyone including wealth, couple, and death then why do we still have to work?10
That is the real question for people who think that way which not supposed to do
by them. Al-Quran regulates about what people deserve in this Earth, surah Hud
verse 6:
‫َّ َ َ ه‬
ُّ ‫اَّلل ر ْز ُق َها َو َي ْع َل ُم ُم ْس َت َق َّر َها َو ُم ْس َت ْو َد َع َها ۚ ُك ٌّل ف ك َت‬ َْ َ
-‫ي‬
ٍَ ‫اب م ِب‬
ٍ ِ ‫ِي‬ ِ ِ ‫َل‬‫ع‬ ‫َّل‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ض‬
ِ ِ ‫ر‬ْ ‫اْل‬ ‫َو َما ِمن د َّاب ٍة ِ يف‬
11:6
The meaning: “And there is no creature on earth but that upon Allah is
itsprovision, and He knows its place of dwelling and place of storage. All is in a
clear register.”
Someone who thinks that work is not necessary because Allah had set up the
destiny of his creation, uses the verse above as the basis of his or her argument.
However, in another verse Allah SWT said, specifically surah Ar-Ra’d verse 11:
َ َ َ َ ‫َ ُ ُ َ ِّ َ ٌ ِّ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ه َّ ه‬
‫اَّلل َّل ُيغ َِّ ُي َما ِبق ْو ٍم َح َّ ّٰت‬ ‫اَّلل ِإن‬
ِ ‫ي يدي ِه و ِمن خل ِف ِه يحفظونه ِمن أم ِر‬ ِ َ ‫لَه معقبات من ب‬
َ ُ ِّ ُ َ َ َ ُ َ َّ َ َ َ َ ً ُ ْ َ ُ ‫ْ َ َ َ َ َ ه‬ ُ َ َ ُ ِّ َ ُ
13:11 - ‫ال‬ ٍ ‫ون ِه ِمن و‬ ِ ‫د‬ ‫ن‬ ‫م‬ ‫م‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬‫م‬‫و‬ ۚ ‫ه‬ ‫ل‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫م‬ ‫َّل‬‫ف‬ ‫ا‬‫وء‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫و‬‫ق‬
ٍ ِ ‫ب‬ ‫اَّلل‬ ‫اد‬
‫ر‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫و‬ ‫م‬ ‫ه‬
ِ ‫س‬ِ ‫نف‬‫يغ َيوا ما ِبأ‬
ِ
The meaning: “For each one are successive [angels] before and behind him who
protect him by the decree of Allah. Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of
a people until they change what is in themselves. And when Allah intends for a
people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any
patron.”

10
SIDIK TONO, et al., op. cit., p. 123.
 Based on surah Ar-Ra’d verse 11 above, it means that Allah SWT requires us to
work in order to have bless from him in form of wealth and also pray. There are
several principles which are categorized as the background to work in Islam11:
1) Order to work after the pray, Al-Jumu’ah:10
ُ ‫هَ َ ه ه‬ ُْ ‫ه‬ ْ َ َُْ َ َْ َ َ ُ َ َّ ُ َ َ
‫َّلل ك ِث َ ًيا ل َعلك ْم‬ ‫اَّلل َواذك ُروا ا‬
ِ ‫ض وابتغوا ِمن فض ِل‬
ِ ‫ر‬ْ ‫اْل‬ ُ ِِ ‫انت‬
‫شوا ِ يف‬ ‫ف ِإذا ق ِض َي ِت الصَّلة ف‬
َ ُْ
62:10 - ‫تف ِل ُحون‬
The meaning: And when the prayer has been concluded, disperse within the
land and seek from the bounty of Allah, and remember Allah often that you
may succeed.
The points can be taken from the verse above is that after we pray to Allah
SWT, we shall work so that what we do is under the bounty of Allah SWT.
Another point is that, wherever and whenever we work, make Allah SWT as
the reason behind it. That we work because of him, we are doing one of his
order and to own his bounty.12
2) Order to always do the activities (prohibition to do nothing), Ash-Sharh:7
َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ
ْ ‫فإذا ف َرغت فانص‬
94:7 - ‫ب‬ ِ

The meaning: “So when you have finished [your duties], then stand up [for
worship].”

From the verse above, it is very clear that emptiness (do nothing) is not good.
It is better we do another stuff after finished the others.

3) Prohibition of begging

11
Id. p. 124.
12
Id. p. 125.
 Islam prohibits any kind of begging, it is better to work eventhough just a
small occupation. Islam appreciates its believer who prefer to work rather than
begging.
4) Never give up when you face difficulties in doing your work, a true Moslem
definitely has his or her own way to overcome any difficulty. If someone
makes Allah SWT as the reason why he or she does his or her work, he or she
will be able to overcome any difficulty and be patient by facing it. It is not
necessary how hard the difficulties are, Moslems will never quit. They will
keep trying, work harder, and pray eventhough they fail many times. People
who have those characteristics and good mental in facing some troubles and
failures, will constribute to build the society that have high discipline and
good mentality which in the end it will impact to national development and
make human resources in Indonesia better.

Previously, it has been explained what is the definition of profession. Profession

has close relation with professionalism, which means in every profession that we
have, we should do it professionally. Professionalism is one of the ethics in
working that will be discussed further below. There are at least three ethics in
profession13:
1) The first ethics that, every Moslem shall consider that work is similar with
pray because work is representing an act accordance with iman and
knowledge. A Moslem sees this phenomenon in two point of views, first, that
work is the kind of pray and praise Allah SWT. Second, work is an activity
that generates financial benefit to survive in this life. From the second point
of view, we can say that a Moslem shall not think much about how much the

13
Id. p. 127-129.
 financial profit he or she gets because the most important is that work as a
form of pray to Allah SWT.
2) The second ethics is, that every Moslem shall do the work professionally. This
is what writer had mentioned in previous paragraph. We have a certain
profession, of course it is related to the responsibility that we hold as a worker.
We shall know that everything we do in this Earth, will be accounted for in
hereafter. Responsibility that we hold in our profession, we shall keep it
properly and do the very best. We shall do our job perfectly and seriously, do
not do it carelessly. Islam really appreciates if Moslems do it seriously and do
not set aside the effort of fulfilling our responsibility. A Moslem shall keep it
mind that do the work carelessly is categorized as betrayal and he will get the
revenge in hereafter. Therefore professionalism is really fundamental in
Islam.
3) The last ethics that Moslem shall own is, work with the knowledge represents
the future and ukhrawi knowledge. Means that every Moslem shall consider
what will happen in the future. Therefore, a Moslem when work, he or she not
only looking for the financial advantages, but also think about the loss and
risks that may happen. If someone works only for his or financial advantages,
not rarely, he or she can do anything else to get the advantages, even if other
people are suffering loss. Islam strictly prohibits the happiness that owned by
doing bad things to another.
Ukhrawi knowledge means, every Moslem shall work based on what they
think will get in hereafter. It is prohibited for a Moslem conducts cheating
while working or make other people suffer the disadvantages. This is
regulated in al-Quran surah Al-Hasyr verse 18:
َ َ ‫ه َ َّ ه‬ ُ َّ َ ْ َّ َ ُ ََْ َ‫ه‬
ٌ ‫نظ ْر َن ْف‬ ُ َّ ُ َ َ ‫َ َ ُّ َ ه‬
‫اَّلل خ ِب َ ٌي ِب َما‬ ‫س َّما قد َمت ِلغ ٍد ۖ َواتقوا اَّلل ۚ ِإن‬ ‫آمنوا اتقوا اَّلل ولت‬ ‫يا أيها ال ِذين‬
َ ُ َ
59:18 - ‫ت ْع َملون‬
The meaning: “O you who have believed, fear Allah. And let every soul look to what it has
put forth for tomorrow - and fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is Acquainted with what you do.”

From those three ethics, as conclusion, Islam regulates that every Moslem shall work
to continue his or her life. Not as simple as work, Moslems shall consider about the acts that
have impact to him or her in hereafter. Islam towards work, not only regulates about life in
this earth, but also life in hereafter as we will live there forever.

One of the most prominent distinguishing features of the true Muslim is his love for
his friends and brothers in faith, a love that is untainted by any worldy interests or ulterior
motives.14 The friendship in Islam is unique because it is based on the sake of Allah SWT,
someone loves his or her friends because of Allah SWT and no other reasons behind it. The
brotherhood of faith is the strongest of bonds between hearts and minds. According to
Bukhari and Muslim, true Muslim will find sweetness of faith:

“There are three things that whoever attains them will find sweetness of
faith: if Allah and His Messenger are dearer to him than anyone else; if he
loves a person solely for the sake of Allah; and if he would hate to return
to kufr after Allah has rescued him from it, as much as he would hate to be
thrown into the Fire.”

As a Muslim, we have to be careful with whom we friends with, because according to

Hadith narrated by Ahmad15:

َ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ َْ َ َ ْ
‫ فل َينظ ْر أ َحدك ْم َم ْن ُيخ ِال ُل‬،‫ال َم ْر ُء َعَل ِد ْي ِن خ ِلي ِل ِه‬

14
Muhammad Ali Al-Hashimi, The Ideal Muslim, trans. Nasiruddin al-Khattab, International Islamic
Publishing House, Riyadh, 2005, p. 159.
15
Buku Siswa Kelas XII, Akidah Akhlak Kurikulum 2013, p. 73.
“Someone is depend on his or her friend’s religion, pay attention to his or her friends.”

Based on that hadith, we have to selective in making friends. There some criterias that shall
be taken into account during making friends;

1) Making friends with the smart one

This is the basic criteria of friend we shall have, if we have smart friends, of course
they will lead us to the kindness. According to Imam Al- Ghazali, if we end our
relationship with stupid friend, it is categorized as worship.
2) Have good ahklak
We have to make friend with someone that has good ahklak. If we make friends with
someone who always surrounded by anger, envy, pesimistic, and does something
prohibited, we will not have good friendship. In al-quran surah al-Mujadila verse 14:
َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ‫ََ ْ َ َ َ ه َ َ َ ه ْ َ ْ ً َ َ ه‬
‫اَّلل َعل ْي ِهم َّما هم ِّمنك ْم َوَّل ِمن ُه ْم َو َي ْح ِلفون َعَل الك ِذ ِب‬ ‫ألم تر ِإَل ال ِذين تولوا قوما غ ِضب‬
َ َ َ ُ َ
58:14 - ‫وه ْم ي ْعل ُمون‬
The meaning: “Have you not considered those who make allies of a people with
whom Allah has become angry? They are neither of you nor of them, and they swear
to untruth while they know [they are lying].”
3) Not with fasik people
Our behaviors or characteristics are affected by people surround us, for example if
have good friends then they will affect our behavior, they will bring us to the
kindness. Islam prohibits us to make friends with fasik people. Fasik people are those
who always conduct –even only small- sins. There are no advantages build a
relationship with fasik people, they usually underestimate the sins that they
committed to Allah SWT. Fasik people are very rare to commit kindness because they
are not afraid of Allah SWT and unbelievable. In al-quran surah al-Kahf verse 28:
 ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ َ ُ ِّ ِِ ‫ون َرَّب ُهم ب ْال َغ َد ِاة َو ْال َع‬
َ ُ َْ َ ‫َ ْ ْ َْ َ َ َ َ ه‬
‫ش ُي ِريدون َو ْج َهه ۖ َوَّل ت ْعد َع ْيناك َعن ُه ْم‬ ‫ي‬ ِ ‫واص ِي نفسك مع ال ِذين يدع‬
ً ُ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َّ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ُ َ َ ْ ُّ َ ْ ََ ُ ُ
18:28ٌ- ‫ت ِريد ِزينة الح َي ِاة الدن َيا ۖ وَّل ت ِطع َمن أغفلنا قل َبه عن ِذك ِرنا وات َبع ه َواه وكان أ ْم ُره ف ُرطا‬
The meaning: “And keep yourself patient [by being] with those who call upon their
Lord in the morning and the evening, seeking His countenance. And let not your eyes
pass beyond them, desiring adornments of the worldly life, and do not obey one whose
heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance and who follows his desire and
whose affair is ever [in] neglect.”
The implication of the verse above is, that we often see many teenagers commit
something bad because of their friends’ influences. No wonder if we make friends
with fasik people, unconsciously, they will ruin our life.
Besides we consider with whom we friends with, once we have good friends, there
are some principles shall be taken seriously in order to make good friendship. It is
gonna be fruitless if the way we treat our friends are not in accordance with Islamic
teachings. Here are some principles and ethics in build a good friendship:
1) Love one another for the sake of Allah SWT
One of a sign of good friendship is love one another for the sake of Allah SWT.
Many Hadith describe the status of two people who love one another for the sake
of Allah, they will have high position in Paradise and able to meet Allah SWT.
“… a just leader; a youth who grows up worshipping Allah;
a man who is deeply attached to the mosque; two en who
love one another for the sake of Allah, meeting for His sake
and parting for His sake; a man who is called by a beautiful
woman and says, ‘I fear Allah’; a man who gives charity in
secret such that his left hand does not know what his right
 hand is doing; and a man who remembers Allah when he is
alone and his eyes fill with tears.”16
2) Do not forsake or abandon
If you and your friends have a problem, do not abandon them without any reason.
Islam prohibits a Moslem abandons or hate his friends more than three days, the
prophet Muhammad said:
“It is not permissible for a Moslem to be estranged from his
brother for more than three days, both of them turning away
from one another when they meet. The better of them is the
one who is first to greet the other.”17

The true Moslem, instead of forsake or abandon his or her friends, he will
consider about reconciliation. Talk about the problem and find the best solution
of it.

3) Be tolerant and forgiver towards each other18

In every relationship, there must be conflicts. However, in a good friendship,
there always be a way how to solve the conflict. It is normal if we, or our friends
angry in certain time, but a good Moslem will not keep the anger last. We shall
forgive our friends, avoid argue, and do not let our anger ruin the friendship.
4) Do not gossip about our friend
Bestfriends will not gossip or backbite another friend.19 In al-quran surah al-
Hujurat verse 12:

16
Muhammad Ali Al-Hashimi, op. cit., p. 160.
17
Id. p. 166.
18
Id. p. 169.
19
Id. p. 178.
 َْ َ َ َ ْ ‫ْ َ ُ َ ً ِّ َ ه ِّ َّ َ ْ َ ه‬ ُ َ َ ‫َ َ ُّ َ ه‬
‫ض الظ ِّن ِإث ٌم ۖ َوَّل ت َج َّس ُسوا َوَّل َيغتب‬ ‫آمنوا اجت ِنبوا ك ِث َيا من الظن ِإن بع‬ ‫يا أيها ال ِذين‬
ٌ ‫اَّلل َت َّو‬
‫اب‬ ُ ‫ب َأ َح ُد ُك ْم َأن َي ْأ ُك َل َل ْح َم َأخيه َم ْي ًتا َف َكر ْه ُت ُم‬
َ ‫وه ۚ َو َّات ُقوا ه‬
َ ‫اَّلل ۚ إ َّن ه‬ ُّ ‫َّب ْع ُض ُكم َب ْع ًضا ۚ َأ ُيح‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
49:12 - ‫يم‬ ٌ ‫َّرح‬
ِ

The meaning: “O you who have believed, avoid much [negative] assumption.
Indeed, some assumption is sin. And do not spy or backbite each other. Would
one of you like to eat the flesh of his brother when dead? You would detest it.
And fear Allah ; indeed, Allah is Accepting of repentance and Merciful.”

Gossip or backbite our friends will create hate and conflict in friendship,
therefore it is obligated to avoid such thing to keep the healthy friendship and
blessed by Allah SWT.
IV. CONCLUSION

According to De George, profession is an occupation that conducted by

someone as his or her daily activity to gain sallary or income and specific expertises
are needed. Friendship is a relation where the social and emotional needs are fulfilled
such as emotional support, help, and intellectual stimulation.

Islam always order its believer to work, regulates in al-quran surah al-Jumuah
verse 10 that we have to work after we pray. Islam prohibits us to do nothing, it is
way better if we spend our time with doing something useful. In Islam there are some
ethics shall be considered during work such as 1) regard the work as pray, 2) work
professionally, and 3) work with our knowledge and shall consider the future.

We have to be careful when we want to make friends, we have to select the

friends that benefit to us and can bring us to the kindness. We have to make friends
with smart people, have good ahklak, and not fasik. After we have selected the criteria
of good friends, we have to maintain the friendship by considering some principles
such as we have to love our friends because of Allah SWT, do not forsake or abandon,
be tolerant and forgiver towards one to another, and do not gossip or backbite behind
our friends because it is haraam in Islam.
REFERENCES

ALI AL-HASHIMI MUHAMMAD, The Ideal Muslim, trans. Nasiruddin al-Khattab,

International Islamic Publishing House, Riyadh, 2005.

ANGELA, ‘HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS PERSAHABATAN DENGAN PRIVASI

PADA REMAJA AKHIR’, Faculty of Psychology Gunadarma, p. 4. (quoted from
Davis, Hall 1995).

ANGRAINI DEWI and CUCUANI HIJRIYATI, ‘Hubungan Kualitas Persahabatan Dan

Empati Pada Pemaafan Remaja Akhir’, Jurnal Psikologi, vol. 10, no. 1, 2014.

Buku Siswa Kelas XII, Akidah Akhlak Kurikulum 2013.

ISNANTO R. RIZAL, Buku Ajar Etika Profesi, The Study Program of Computer System
Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University.

Oxford Dictionary, [website], https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/profession,

(accessed March 3, 2018).

Oxford Dictionary, [website], https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/friendship,

(accessed March 3, 2018).

TONO SIDIK, et al., Ibadah dan Akhlak Dalam Islam, AUNUR RAHIM FAQIH and AMIR
MU’ALLIM (ed.), UII PRESS, Yogyakarta, 1998.
 Islamic Rituals and Islamic Ethics

“Ahklak in Profession and Friendship”

Written by:

Rafi Nasrulloh Muhammad Romdoni

16410106

International Class Faculty of Law