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_____________________________________________________________________

Company Name : MUDA


Job Description : GAPENA-HOSTEL
Designed by : IRFAN
Date and Time : Friday, March 22, 2019 5:16:36 PM
(License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1)
_____________________________________________________________________

MATERIAL AND DESIGN DATA


Code of Practice fcu (N/mm²) Ec, (N/mm²) fy (N/mm²) fyv (N/mm²) γc γs
24597
BS8110 : 1997 30 460 250 1.5 1.05
(User Defined)

Cover (mm) Side Cover (mm) Conc. Unit Weight (kN/m³) Steel Unit Weight (kg/m³)
25 25 24 7860

Beam Design Detail Report


DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B1(150x350)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid 4/A-H
Number of Span within beam = 7
Number of Section defined by user = 7
Number of Supports = 8
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1 3300 150 350 350
2 2 3300 150 350 350
3 3 3300 150 350 350
4 4 3300 150 350 350
5 5 3300 150 350 350
6 6 3300 150 350 350
7 7 3300 150 350 350

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 4.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.288 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.288 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


1/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.434 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.434 / 1000 = 13.51 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.51 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 31 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.51 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.434) / 1000 = 4.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.252 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.252 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.481 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.481 / 1000 = 11.78 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.78 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 27 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.78 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.481) / 1000 = 3.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.284 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


2/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.284 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.328 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.328 / 1000 = 13.32 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.32 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 31 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.32 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.328) / 1000 = 4.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.256 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.256 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.594 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.594 / 1000 = 11.99 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.99 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 28 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.99 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.594) / 1000 = 3.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


3/321
No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 5.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.13 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.13 + 0.00 = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 5.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.115 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
4/321
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 2.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 2.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.05 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.05 + 0.00 = 0.05 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 2.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 2.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.06 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.063 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 8.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


5/321
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 8.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.18 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.18 + 0.00 = 0.18 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.168 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 4.1 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
6/321
MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (4.1 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.25 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 2.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.168 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.168 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.321 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.321 / 1000 = 7.86 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 7.86 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 18 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 7.86 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.321) / 1000 = 2.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.110 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.110 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 2.827 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 2.827 / 1000 = 5.14 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.14 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 12 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.14 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 2.827) / 1000 = 1.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.289 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
7/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.289 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.453 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.453 / 1000 = 13.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 31 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.55 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.453) / 1000 = 4.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 2.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.203 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.203 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 5.222 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 5.222 / 1000 = 9.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 9.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 22 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 9.49 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 5.222) / 1000 = 2.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.280 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.280 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.213 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.213 / 1000 = 13.11 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.11 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 30 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.11 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.213) / 1000 = 4.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.252 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.252 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


8/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.499 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.499 / 1000 = 11.82 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.82 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 27 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.82 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.499) / 1000 = 3.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.036 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.036 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.912 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 0.912 / 1000 = 1.66 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 1.66 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 4 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 1.66 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 0.912) / 1000 = 0.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
9/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 7022 × 350.0 / 4141350 = 0.59
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-89.4 / 52500.0) × 0.59 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -89.4 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.152 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 2.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


10/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 2.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.05 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.05 + 0.00 = 0.05 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 3.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 3.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 3691 × 350.0 / 1398587 = 0.92
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-89.4 / 52500.0) × 0.92 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -89.4 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.080 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


11/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 6.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 6918 × 350.0 / 4009367 = 0.60
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-89.4 / 52500.0) × 0.60 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -89.4 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.149 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 2.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
12/321
- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (2.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.55 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 3

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 2.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.178 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.178 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.568 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.568 / 1000 = 8.31 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.31 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 19 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.31 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.568) / 1000 = 2.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.129 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.129 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.297 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.297 / 1000 = 5.99 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.99 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 14 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.99 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 3.297) / 1000 = 1.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
13/321
Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.290 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.290 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.464 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.464 / 1000 = 13.57 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.57 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 31 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.57 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.464) / 1000 = 4.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.211 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.211 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 5.430 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 5.430 / 1000 = 9.87 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 9.87 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 23 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 9.87 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 5.430) / 1000 = 3.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.253 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.253 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.517 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.517 / 1000 = 11.85 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.85 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 28 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.85 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.517) / 1000 = 3.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


14/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²
Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.223 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.223 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 5.738 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 5.738 / 1000 = 10.43 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 10.43 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 24 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 10.43 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 5.738) / 1000 = 3.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.036 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.036 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.925 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 0.925 / 1000 = 1.68 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 1.68 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 4 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 1.68 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 0.925) / 1000 = 0.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
15/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 7101 × 350.0 / 4147235 = 0.60
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-271.6 / 52500.0) × 0.60 = 0.562 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -271.6 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.561 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.153 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


16/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE
(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 3.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 3.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.00 = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 3.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 3.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 3874 × 350.0 / 1428105 = 0.95
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-271.6 / 52500.0) × 0.95 = 0.561 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -271.6 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.561 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.084 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


17/321
(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 6.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 6804 × 350.0 / 3626361 = 0.66
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-271.6 / 52500.0) × 0.66 = 0.562 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -271.6 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.561 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.147 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
18/321
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 2.5 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 93.4 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 93.4) / (120 × (0.9 + (2.5 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.52 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 4

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 2.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.168 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.168 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.316 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.316 / 1000 = 7.85 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 7.85 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 18 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 7.85 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.316) / 1000 = 2.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.123 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.123 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


19/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.157 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.157 / 1000 = 5.74 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.74 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 14 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.74 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 3.157) / 1000 = 1.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.265 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.265 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.831 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.831 / 1000 = 12.42 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 12.42 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 29 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 12.42 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.831) / 1000 = 3.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 2.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.177 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.177 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.544 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.544 / 1000 = 8.26 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.26 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 19 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.26 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.544) / 1000 = 2.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.291 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.291 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


20/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.504 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.504 / 1000 = 13.64 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.64 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 32 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.64 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.504) / 1000 = 4.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.261 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.261 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.720 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.720 / 1000 = 12.22 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 12.22 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 28 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 12.22 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.720) / 1000 = 3.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.038 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.038 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.972 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 0.972 / 1000 = 1.77 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 1.77 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 5 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 1.77 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 0.972) / 1000 = 0.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


21/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 6.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 6883 × 350.0 / 3799165 = 0.63
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-426.2 / 52500.0) × 0.63 = 0.561 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -426.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.560 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
22/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.149 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 2.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 2.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.04 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.04 + 0.00 = 0.04 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 3.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 3.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 3862 × 350.0 / 1425914 = 0.95
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-426.2 / 52500.0) × 0.95 = 0.559 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -426.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.560 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


23/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.083 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 7089 × 350.0 / 4169335 = 0.60
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-426.2 / 52500.0) × 0.60 = 0.561 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -426.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.560 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


24/321
νss = 0.153 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 2.5 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 70 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 70) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 93.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 93.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (2.5 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.52 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 5

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 2.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.177 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.177 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.544 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.544 / 1000 = 8.26 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.26 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 19 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.26 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.544) / 1000 = 2.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
25/321
Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.125 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.125 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.208 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.208 / 1000 = 5.83 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.83 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 14 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.83 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 3.208) / 1000 = 1.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.297 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.297 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.665 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.665 / 1000 = 13.93 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.93 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 32 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.93 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.665) / 1000 = 4.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.221 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.221 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 5.681 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 5.681 / 1000 = 10.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 10.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 24 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 10.33 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 5.681) / 1000 = 3.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


26/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.244 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.244 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.277 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.277 / 1000 = 11.41 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.41 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 27 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.41 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.277) / 1000 = 3.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.219 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.219 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 5.617 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 5.617 / 1000 = 10.21 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 10.21 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 24 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 10.21 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 5.617) / 1000 = 3.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


27/321
Design Bending Moment = 0.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.040 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.040 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.022 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 1.022 / 1000 = 1.86 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 1.86 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 5 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 1.86 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 1.022) / 1000 = 0.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.17 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
28/321
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.17 + 0.00 = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 7185 × 350.0 / 4257615 = 0.59
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-584.7 / 52500.0) × 0.59 = 0.560 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -584.7 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.558 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.155 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 4.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 4.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.09 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.09 + 0.00 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


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Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 4.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 4.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 3958 × 350.0 / 1370407 = 1.01 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-584.7 / 52500.0) × 1.00 = 0.557 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -584.7 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.558 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.085 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


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Part 2: Clause 2.4.5
Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 6.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 6714 × 350.0 / 3493914 = 0.67
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-584.7 / 52500.0) × 0.67 = 0.560 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -584.7 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.558 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.145 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 2.5 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 70 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 70) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 94.3 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


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Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7
MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 94.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (2.5 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.51 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 6

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 2.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.166 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.166 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.258 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.258 / 1000 = 7.74 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 7.74 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 18 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 7.74 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.258) / 1000 = 2.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.125 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.125 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.207 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.207 / 1000 = 5.83 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.83 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 14 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.83 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 3.207) / 1000 = 1.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


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Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.253 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.253 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.524 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.524 / 1000 = 11.86 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.86 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 28 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.86 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.524) / 1000 = 3.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 2.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.188 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.188 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.822 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.822 / 1000 = 8.77 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.77 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 21 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.77 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 4.822) / 1000 = 2.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.313 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.313 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 8.072 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 8.072 / 1000 = 14.67 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 14.67 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 34 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 14.67 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 8.072) / 1000 = 4.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


33/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.239 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.239 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.145 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.145 / 1000 = 11.17 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.17 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 26 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.17 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.145) / 1000 = 3.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.054 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.054 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.388 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 1.388 / 1000 = 2.52 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 2.52 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 6 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 2.52 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 1.388) / 1000 = 0.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


34/321
Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 0 = 69 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 68 + 1 = 70 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 6.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
35/321
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 6729 × 350.0 / 3629862 = 0.65
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-575.0 / 52500.0) × 0.65 = 0.560 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -575.0 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.558 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.145 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 1.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 1.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.04 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.04 + 0.00 = 0.04 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 4.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 4.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


36/321
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 4010 × 350.0 / 1249497 = 1.12 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-575.0 / 52500.0) × 1.00 = 0.557 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -575.0 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.558 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.087 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.17 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.17 + 0.00 = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


37/321
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 7237 × 350.0 / 4481040 = 0.57
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-575.0 / 52500.0) × 0.57 = 0.560 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -575.0 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.558 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.156 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 2.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 70 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 70) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 94.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 94.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (2.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.54 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B1(150x350) SPAN NO. 7

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 3.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.261 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.261 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.732 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
38/321
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.732 / 1000 = 12.24 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 12.24 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 28 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 12.24 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.732) / 1000 = 3.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.240 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.240 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.181 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.181 / 1000 = 11.24 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.24 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 26 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.24 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.181) / 1000 = 3.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.304 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.304 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.835 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.835 / 1000 = 14.24 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 14.24 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 33 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 14.24 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.835) / 1000 = 4.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.272 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.272 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.006 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.006 / 1000 = 12.74 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 12.74 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 30 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


39/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 12.74 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.006) / 1000 = 3.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


40/321
SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 8.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 8.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.18 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.18 + 0.00 = 0.18 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 7.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.171 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 3.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
41/321
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 3.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.00 = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 3.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 3.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.084 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 5.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.12 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


42/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3
Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.12 + 0.00 = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 5.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.112 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 3.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (3.8 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
43/321
= 3.31 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: 4/A-H

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 A Column 2.8 1.1
2 B Column 7.4 2.9
3 C Column 6.9 2.6
4 D Column 6.6 2.6
5 E Column 7.1 2.7
6 F Column 6.4 2.6
7 G Column 7.7 3.0
8 H Column 2.7 1.0
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid 3/A-H
Number of Span within beam = 7
Number of Section defined by user = 13
Number of Supports = 8
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1800 150 300 300
1
2 1500 150 600 600
3 1500 150 600 600
2
4 1800 150 300 300
5 1800 150 300 300
3
6 1500 150 600 600
7 1500 150 600 600
4
8 1800 150 300 300
9 1800 150 300 300
5
10 1500 150 600 600
11 1500 150 600 600
6
12 1800 150 300 300
7 13 3300 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
44/321
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 27.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 27.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 557.0²) = 0.587 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.587 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 27.592 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 27.592 / 1000 = 50.16 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 50.16 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 115 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 50.16 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 27.592) / 1000 = 27.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 23.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 23.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 257.0²) = 2.380 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.380 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 55.969 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 55.969 / 1000 = 101.75 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 101.75 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 233 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 101.75 × (257.0 - 0.4518 × 55.969) / 1000 = 23.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 233 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 232 + 1 = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


45/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.170 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.170 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.868 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.868 / 1000 = 14.30 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 14.30 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 33 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 14.30 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 7.868) / 1000 = 7.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.084 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.084 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.893 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.893 / 1000 = 7.08 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 7.08 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 17 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 7.08 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 3.893) / 1000 = 3.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


46/321
Design Bending Moment = 3.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.080 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.080 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.684 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.684 / 1000 = 6.70 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 6.70 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 16 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 6.70 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 3.684) / 1000 = 3.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 27.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 27.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 257.0²) = 2.743 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.743 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 65.777 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 65.777 / 1000 = 119.58 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 119.58 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 273 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 119.58 × (257.0 - 0.4518 × 65.777) / 1000 = 27.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 273 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 23.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 23.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 257.0²) = 2.380 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


47/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.380 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 55.977 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 55.977 / 1000 = 101.77 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 101.77 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 233 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 101.77 × (257.0 - 0.4518 × 55.977) / 1000 = 23.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 233 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 232 + 1 = 234 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 22.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 257.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 22.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.59 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.59 + 0.00 = 0.59 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
48/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 21.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.57 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 1.04 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 257.0 = 1.556
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.117 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {1.04}⅓ × 1.117 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.76 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.565 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 15.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 257.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.39 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.39 + 0.00 = 0.39 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.39 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


49/321
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 1.04 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 257.0 = 1.556
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.117 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {1.04}⅓ × 1.117 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.76 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.392 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 15.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.18 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.18 + 0.01 = 0.19 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 18.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.22 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.48 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


50/321
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.48}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.53 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.219 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 27.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.33 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.33 + 0.01 = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 26.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 26.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.31 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.314 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


51/321
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.8
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 27.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 275 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 402 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 275) / (3 × 402)} × (1 / 1.00) = 209.4 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 209.4) / (120 × (0.9 + (27.3 × 1000000 / (150 × 257.0²)))}
= 1.16 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.16 × 1.16) / 12.8 = 2.73
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.8
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 27.2 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 273 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 402 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 273) / (3 × 402)} × (1 / 1.00) = 208.2 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 208.2) / (120 × (0.9 + (27.2 × 1000000 / (150 × 257.0²)))}
= 1.16 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
52/321
MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.16 × 1.16) / 12.8 = 2.74
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 20.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.435 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.435 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 20.402 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 20.402 / 1000 = 37.09 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 37.09 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 85 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 37.09 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 20.402) / 1000 = 20.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.361 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.361 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.897 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.897 / 1000 = 30.72 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 30.72 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 71 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 30.72 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 16.897) / 1000 = 16.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.182 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
53/321
Mu / bd² = 0.182 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 8.454 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 8.454 / 1000 = 15.37 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 15.37 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 36 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 15.37 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 8.454) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.065 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.065 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.017 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.017 / 1000 = 5.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 13 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.49 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 3.017) / 1000 = 3.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 4.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.095 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.095 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.413 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.413 / 1000 = 8.02 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.02 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 19 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.02 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 4.413) / 1000 = 4.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


54/321
LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 19.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.892 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.892 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 43.783 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 43.783 / 1000 = 79.60 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 79.60 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 182 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 79.60 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 43.783) / 1000 = 19.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 182 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.613 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.613 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 36.847 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 36.847 / 1000 = 66.99 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 66.99 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 153 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 66.99 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 36.847) / 1000 = 16.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 153 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 153 + 0 = 154 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 20.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.007 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


55/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.007 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 46.692 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 46.692 / 1000 = 84.89 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 84.89 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 194 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 84.89 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 46.692) / 1000 = 20.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 194 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.683 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.683 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 38.557 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 38.557 / 1000 = 70.10 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 70.10 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 161 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 70.10 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 38.557) / 1000 = 16.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 161 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 160 + 1 = 162 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


56/321
Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 25.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.01 = 0.31 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 24.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.290 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


57/321
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.20 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.20 + 0.01 = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.198 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 17.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.44 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.44 + 0.01 = 0.45 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


58/321
Part 2: Clause 2.4.5
Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 22.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 22.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.57 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.566 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 29.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 29.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.77 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.77 + 0.01 = 0.77 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


59/321
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 28.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 28.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.73 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.733 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 20.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 196 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 196) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 265.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 265.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (20.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.15 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.15 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.73
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
60/321
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 20.2 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 194 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 194) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 262.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 262.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (20.2 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.16 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.16 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.76
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 3

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 19.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.405 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.405 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.987 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.987 / 1000 = 34.52 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 34.52 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 79 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 34.52 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.987) / 1000 = 19.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 12.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 12.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.278 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.278 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 28.747 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
61/321
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 28.747 / 1000 = 52.26 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 52.26 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 120 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 52.26 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 28.747) / 1000 = 12.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 120 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 119 + 1 = 121 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 19.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.916 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.916 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 44.372 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 44.372 / 1000 = 80.67 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 80.67 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 185 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 80.67 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 44.372) / 1000 = 19.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 185 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.643 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.643 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 37.561 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 37.561 / 1000 = 68.29 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 68.29 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 156 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 68.29 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 37.561) / 1000 = 16.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 156 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 156 + 0 = 157 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


62/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 12.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 12.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.268 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.268 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.499 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.499 / 1000 = 22.72 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.72 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 52 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.72 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 12.499) / 1000 = 12.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.024 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.024 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.086 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 1.086 / 1000 = 1.97 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 1.97 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 5 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 1.97 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.086) / 1000 = 1.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.182 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.182 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 8.442 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 8.442 / 1000 = 15.35 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 15.35 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 36 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 15.35 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 8.442) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


63/321
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 18.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.873 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.873 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 43.292 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 43.292 / 1000 = 78.70 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 78.70 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 180 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 78.70 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 43.292) / 1000 = 18.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 180 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 12.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 12.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.278 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.278 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 28.752 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 28.752 / 1000 = 52.27 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 52.27 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 120 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 52.27 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 28.752) / 1000 = 12.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 120 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


64/321
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 119 + 1 = 121 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 29.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 29.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.75 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.75 + 0.01 = 0.75 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 27.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.71 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
65/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.712 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 21.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.55 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.55 + 0.01 = 0.55 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 21.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.55 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.546 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


66/321
LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE
(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.15 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.15 + 0.01 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.19 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.189 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 25.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


67/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.01 = 0.31 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 24.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.287 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 19.0 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 182 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
68/321
fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 182) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 245.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 245.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (19.0 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.24 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.24 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.94
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 18.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 180 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 180) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 243.6 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 243.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (18.8 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.25 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.25 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.97
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 4

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 19.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.411 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.411 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
69/321
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 19.245 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 19.245 / 1000 = 34.99 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 34.99 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 80 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 34.99 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 19.245) / 1000 = 19.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 14.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 14.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.312 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.312 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.572 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.572 / 1000 = 26.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 26.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 61 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 26.49 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 14.572) / 1000 = 14.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 12.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 12.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.269 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.269 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.556 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.556 / 1000 = 22.83 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.83 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 53 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.83 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 12.556) / 1000 = 12.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.021 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


70/321
Mu / bd² = 0.021 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.991 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 0.991 / 1000 = 1.80 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 1.80 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 5 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 1.80 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.991) / 1000 = 1.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.179 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.179 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 8.305 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 8.305 / 1000 = 15.10 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 15.10 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 35 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 15.10 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 8.305) / 1000 = 8.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 18.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.865 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.865 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 43.085 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 43.085 / 1000 = 78.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 78.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 179 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 78.33 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 43.085) / 1000 = 18.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 179 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


71/321
LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 15.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 15.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.569 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.569 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 35.771 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 35.771 / 1000 = 65.03 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 65.03 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 149 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 65.03 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 35.771) / 1000 = 15.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 149 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 148 + 0 = 149 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 19.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.894 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.894 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 43.823 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 43.823 / 1000 = 79.67 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 79.67 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 182 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 79.67 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 43.823) / 1000 = 19.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 182 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 14.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


72/321
Mu / bd² = 14.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.454 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.454 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 32.968 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 32.968 / 1000 = 59.94 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 59.94 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 137 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 59.94 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 32.968) / 1000 = 14.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 137 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 137 + 1 = 139 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 26.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 26.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.32 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.32 + 0.01 = 0.33 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
73/321
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 25.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 25535 × 600.0 / 12630400 = 1.21 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-71.5 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.433 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -71.5 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.305 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 17.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.21 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.21 + 0.01 = 0.22 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


74/321
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 17.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 17855 × 600.0 / 15566067 = 0.69
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-71.5 / 90000.0) × 0.69 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -71.5 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.213 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.42 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.42 + 0.01 = 0.42 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


75/321
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 21.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.54 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 21029 × 300.0 / 6105047 = 1.03 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-172.8 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.623 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -172.8 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.623 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.541 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 28.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 28.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.74 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.74 + 0.01 = 0.75 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


76/321
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 27.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.71 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 27507 × 300.0 / 18762491 = 0.44
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-172.8 / 45000.0) × 0.44 = 0.624 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -172.8 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.623 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.708 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 19.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 184 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 184) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 249.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 249.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (19.3 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.22 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
77/321
MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.22 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.90
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 19.1 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 182 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 182) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 246.6 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 246.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (19.1 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.24 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.24 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.94
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 5

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 19.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.405 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.405 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.952 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.952 / 1000 = 34.46 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 34.46 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 79 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 34.46 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.952) / 1000 = 19.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
78/321
LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 13.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.288 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.288 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 28.993 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 28.993 / 1000 = 52.71 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 52.71 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 121 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 52.71 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 28.993) / 1000 = 13.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 121 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 120 + 1 = 122 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 18.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.871 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.871 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 43.250 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 43.250 / 1000 = 78.63 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 78.63 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 180 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 78.63 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 43.250) / 1000 = 18.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 180 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 15.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 15.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.581 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.581 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 36.056 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 36.056 / 1000 = 65.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 65.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 150 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 65.55 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 36.056) / 1000 = 15.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


79/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 150 mm²
Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 150 + 0 = 150 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 14.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 14.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.301 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.301 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.039 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.039 / 1000 = 25.52 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 25.52 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 59 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 25.52 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 14.039) / 1000 = 14.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.006 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.006 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.277 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 0.277 / 1000 = 0.50 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 0.50 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 2 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 0.50 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.277) / 1000 = 0.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.203 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.203 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 9.447 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 9.447 / 1000 = 17.17 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


80/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 17.17 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 40 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 17.17 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 9.447) / 1000 = 9.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 18.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.869 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.869 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 43.202 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 43.202 / 1000 = 78.54 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 78.54 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 180 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 78.54 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 43.202) / 1000 = 18.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 180 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.288 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.288 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 28.997 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 28.997 / 1000 = 52.72 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 52.72 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 121 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 52.72 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 28.997) / 1000 = 13.0 kNm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


81/321
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 121 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 120 + 1 = 122 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 28.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 28.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.74 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.74 + 0.00 = 0.74 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 27.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.70 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
82/321
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 27310 × 300.0 / 18828270 = 0.44
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-205.3 / 45000.0) × 0.44 = 0.624 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -205.3 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.623 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.703 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 20.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.54 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.54 + 0.00 = 0.54 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.54 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


83/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 20832 × 300.0 / 5964446 = 1.05 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-205.3 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.622 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -205.3 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.623 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.536 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.01 = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


84/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 16579 × 600.0 / 15014971 = 0.66
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-163.8 / 90000.0) × 0.66 = 0.433 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -163.8 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.433 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.198 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 26.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 26.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.32 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.32 + 0.01 = 0.33 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 25.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


85/321
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 25273 × 600.0 / 14105695 = 1.08 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-163.8 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.433 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -163.8 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.433 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.301 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 19.0 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 181 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 181) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 245.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 245.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (19.0 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.24 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.24 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.95
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 18.8 kNm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
86/321
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 180 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 180) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 243.1 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 243.1) / (120 × (0.9 + (18.8 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.25 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.25 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.97
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 6

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 20.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.443 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.443 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 20.780 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 20.780 / 1000 = 37.78 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 37.78 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 87 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 37.78 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 20.780) / 1000 = 20.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.345 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.345 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.133 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.133 / 1000 = 29.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 67 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
87/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.33 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 16.133) / 1000 = 16.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.293 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.293 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.683 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.683 / 1000 = 24.88 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 24.88 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 57 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 24.88 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 13.683) / 1000 = 13.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.009 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.009 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.438 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 0.438 / 1000 = 0.80 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 0.80 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 2 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 0.80 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.438) / 1000 = 0.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.197 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.197 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


88/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 9.153 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 9.153 / 1000 = 16.64 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 16.64 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 38 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 16.64 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 9.153) / 1000 = 9.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 0 = 118 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 117 + 1 = 119 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 12.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 12.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.190 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.190 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 26.664 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 26.664 / 1000 = 48.47 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 48.47 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 111 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 48.47 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 26.664) / 1000 = 12.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 111 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.926 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.926 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 20.528 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 20.528 / 1000 = 37.32 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 37.32 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 86 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 37.32 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 20.528) / 1000 = 9.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 86 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 85 + 0 = 86 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


89/321
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 20.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.050 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.050 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 47.792 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 47.792 / 1000 = 86.89 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 86.89 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 199 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 86.89 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 47.792) / 1000 = 20.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 199 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.608 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.608 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 36.706 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 36.706 / 1000 = 66.73 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 66.73 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 153 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 66.73 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 36.706) / 1000 = 16.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 153 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 152 + 1 = 154 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


90/321
LOCATION : SECTION 12 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 28.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 28.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.34 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.34 + 0.01 = 0.35 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 26.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 26.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
91/321
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 26902 × 600.0 / 13751550 = 1.17 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-296.5 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.432 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -296.5 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.432 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.321 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 18.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.22 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.22 + 0.01 = 0.23 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 18.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.22 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


92/321
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 18229 × 600.0 / 16243032 = 0.67
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-296.5 / 90000.0) × 0.67 = 0.433 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -296.5 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.432 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.217 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 14.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.36 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.36 + 0.00 = 0.37 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 18.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.48 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


93/321
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 18760 × 300.0 / 9097725 = 0.62
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-641.6 / 45000.0) × 0.62 = 0.620 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -641.6 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.618 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.483 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 26.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 26.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.68 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.68 + 0.00 = 0.69 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 25.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.65 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 25238 × 300.0 / 11970931 = 0.63

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


94/321
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-641.6 / 45000.0) × 0.63 = 0.620 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -641.6 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.618 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.650 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 20.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 200 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 200) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 270.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 270.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (20.8 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.13 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.13 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.68
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 20.6 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 199 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
95/321
Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8
fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 199) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 268.9 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 268.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (20.6 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.14 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.14 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 2.70
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B2(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 7

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.814 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.814 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 17.960 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 17.960 / 1000 = 32.65 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.65 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 75 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.65 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 17.960) / 1000 = 8.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 75 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.640 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.640 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.027 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.027 / 1000 = 25.50 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 25.50 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 59 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 25.50 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 14.027) / 1000 = 6.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
96/321
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 12.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 12.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.217 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.217 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 27.317 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 27.317 / 1000 = 49.66 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 49.66 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 114 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 49.66 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 27.317) / 1000 = 12.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 114 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.963 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.963 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 21.387 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 21.387 / 1000 = 38.88 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 38.88 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 89 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 38.88 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 21.387) / 1000 = 9.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 89 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 89 + 0 = 90 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


97/321
LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.322 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.322 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.966 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.966 / 1000 = 12.66 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 12.66 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 29 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 12.66 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 6.966) / 1000 = 3.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 1 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 0 = 59 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 59 + 1 = 60 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.6 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


98/321
Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.6 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 1 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 18.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.48 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.48 + 0.00 = 0.48 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 17.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.45 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 17302 × 300.0 / 12249833 = 0.42
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-409.0 / 45000.0) × 0.42 = 0.623 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -409.0 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.621 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.445 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
99/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.23 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.23 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.23 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9097 × 300.0 / 5697070 = 0.48
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-409.0 / 45000.0) × 0.48 = 0.623 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -409.0 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.621 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.234 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


100/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.31 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.31 + 0.00 = 0.31 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 11.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 11011 × 300.0 / 1214409 = 2.72 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-409.0 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.620 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -409.0 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.621 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.283 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


101/321
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 8.2 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 75 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 75) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 101.0 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 101.0) / (120 × (0.9 + (8.2 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 2.38 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 4.74
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: 3/A-H

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 A Column 11.0 3.7
2 B Beam 26.3 7.7
3 C Beam 28.6 8.9
4 D Beam 24.5 7.3
5 E Beam 27.2 8.6
6 F Beam 26.9 7.6
7 G Beam 19.6 8.8
8 H Column 3.9 3.2
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid 2/A-H
Number of Span within beam = 6
Number of Section defined by user = 13
Number of Supports = 7
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
102/321
Section Dimension Data
Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1800 150 300 300
2 1500 150 600 600
1
3 1500 150 600 600
4 1800 150 300 300
5 1800 150 300 300
2
6 1500 150 600 600
7 1500 150 600 600
3
8 1800 150 300 300
9 1800 150 300 300
4
10 1500 150 600 600
11 1500 150 600 600
5
12 1800 150 300 300
6 13 3300 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 24.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 24.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 557.0²) = 0.534 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.534 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 25.050 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 25.050 / 1000 = 45.54 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 45.54 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 104 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 45.54 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 25.050) / 1000 = 24.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 20.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 257.0²) = 2.079 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.079 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 48.154 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 48.154 / 1000 = 87.54 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


103/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 87.54 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 200 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 87.54 × (257.0 - 0.4518 × 48.154) / 1000 = 20.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 200 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.629 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.629 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 37.241 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 37.241 / 1000 = 67.70 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 67.70 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 155 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 67.70 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 37.241) / 1000 = 16.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 155 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.333 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.333 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


104/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 30.053 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 30.053 / 1000 = 54.64 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 54.64 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 125 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 54.64 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 30.053) / 1000 = 13.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 125 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 23.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 23.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 257.0²) = 2.357 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.357 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 55.372 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 55.372 / 1000 = 100.67 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 100.67 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 230 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 100.67 × (257.0 - 0.4518 × 55.372) / 1000 = 23.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 230 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 20.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.441 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.441 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 20.698 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 20.698 / 1000 = 37.63 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 37.63 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 86 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 37.63 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 20.698) / 1000 = 20.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


105/321
Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²
Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 21.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 21.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.461 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.461 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 21.657 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 21.657 / 1000 = 39.37 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 39.37 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 90 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 39.37 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 21.657) / 1000 = 21.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.290 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.290 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.544 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.544 / 1000 = 24.62 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 24.62 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 57 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 24.62 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 13.544) / 1000 = 13.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 15.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


106/321
Mu / bd² = 15.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.542 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.542 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 35.108 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 35.108 / 1000 = 63.83 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 63.83 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 146 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 63.83 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 35.108) / 1000 = 15.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 146 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.069 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.069 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 23.835 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 23.835 / 1000 = 43.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 43.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 99 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 43.33 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 23.835) / 1000 = 10.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 99 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 21.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 257.0 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
107/321
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.55 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.55 + 0.00 = 0.56 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.52 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 1.04 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 257.0 = 1.556
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.117 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {1.04}⅓ × 1.117 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.76 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 19958 × 300.0 / 2574648 = 2.33 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.761 + 0.60 × (-35.4 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.760 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.761 × √[1 + -35.4 / (45000.0 × 0.76)] = 0.760 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.518 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1800 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


108/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3
Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.01 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.19 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.48 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.48}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.53 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.185 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:3300 mm E:4800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 11.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.14 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.14 + 0.01 = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


109/321
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.48 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.48}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.53 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.147 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 4 (B:4800 mm E:6600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 25.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.66 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.66 + 0.00 = 0.67 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 24.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


110/321
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.63 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.629 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 6600.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 11.8
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 24.9 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 402 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 402)} × (1 / 1.00) = 89.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 89.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (24.9 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.81 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 11.8 = 4.77
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 6600.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 25.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 23.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 230 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
111/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 402 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 230) / (3 × 402)} × (1 / 1.00) = 175.2 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 175.2) / (120 × (0.9 + (23.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 257.0²)))}
= 1.32 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.32 × 1.16) / 25.7 = 1.56
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 18.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.392 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.392 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.354 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.354 / 1000 = 33.37 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.37 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 77 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.37 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.354) / 1000 = 18.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.215 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.215 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.010 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 10.010 / 1000 = 18.20 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 18.20 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 42 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 18.20 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 10.010) / 1000 = 10.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
112/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.651 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.651 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 37.763 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 37.763 / 1000 = 68.65 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 68.65 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 157 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 68.65 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 37.763) / 1000 = 16.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 157 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.350 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.350 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 30.471 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 30.471 / 1000 = 55.40 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 55.40 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 127 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 55.40 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 30.471) / 1000 = 13.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 127 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.079 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.079 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.655 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.655 / 1000 = 6.65 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 6.65 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 16 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 6.65 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 3.655) / 1000 = 3.7 kNm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


113/321
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 17.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 17.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.380 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.380 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 17.780 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 17.780 / 1000 = 32.32 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.32 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 74 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.32 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 17.780) / 1000 = 17.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 14.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 14.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.421 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.421 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 32.169 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 32.169 / 1000 = 58.48 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 58.48 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 134 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 58.48 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 32.169) / 1000 = 14.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 134 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


114/321
Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.843 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.843 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.608 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.608 / 1000 = 33.83 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.83 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 78 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.83 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 18.608) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 78 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 25.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 25.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.64 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.64 + 0.00 = 0.65 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
115/321
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 23.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 23.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.61 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.608 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.43 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.43 + 0.00 = 0.43 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


116/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.43 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.428 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.13 + 0.01 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


117/321
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.129 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.15 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.15 + 0.01 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 11.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


118/321
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.139 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 5.9
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 18.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (18.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.60 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 5.9 = 9.54
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 14.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 134 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
119/321
fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 134) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 181.0 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 181.0) / (120 × (0.9 + (14.3 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.61 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.61 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 3.83
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 3

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 18.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.394 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.394 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.424 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.424 / 1000 = 33.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 77 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.49 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.424) / 1000 = 18.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.217 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.217 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.077 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 10.077 / 1000 = 18.32 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 18.32 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 42 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 18.32 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 10.077) / 1000 = 10.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


120/321
LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 3.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.079 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.079 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.632 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.632 / 1000 = 6.60 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 6.60 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 16 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 6.60 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 3.632) / 1000 = 3.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 17.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 17.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.381 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.381 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 17.806 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 17.806 / 1000 = 32.37 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.37 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 74 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.37 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 17.806) / 1000 = 17.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.618 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.618 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 36.948 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 36.948 / 1000 = 67.17 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


121/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 67.17 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 154 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 67.17 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 36.948) / 1000 = 16.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 154 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.318 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.318 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 29.706 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 29.706 / 1000 = 54.00 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 54.00 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 124 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 54.00 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 29.706) / 1000 = 13.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 124 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 14.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 14.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.435 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.435 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 32.506 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 32.506 / 1000 = 59.10 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 59.10 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 135 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 59.10 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 32.506) / 1000 = 14.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 135 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


122/321
LOCATION : SECTION 8 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.854 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.854 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.881 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.881 / 1000 = 34.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 34.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 79 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 34.33 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 18.881) / 1000 = 8.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 79 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.01 = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


123/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.150 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.01 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


124/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.125 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.31 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.31 + 0.00 = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.43 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


125/321
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.426 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 24.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.64 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.64 + 0.00 = 0.65 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 23.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 23.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.61 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.606 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


126/321
DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN
Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 5.9
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 18.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (18.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.60 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 5.9 = 9.54
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 14.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 135 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 135) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 182.9 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 182.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (14.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.60 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
127/321
MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.60 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 3.79
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 4

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 18.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.397 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.397 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.585 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.585 / 1000 = 33.79 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.79 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 78 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.79 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.585) / 1000 = 18.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 11.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 11.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.236 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.236 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.959 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 10.959 / 1000 = 19.92 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 19.92 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 46 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 19.92 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 10.959) / 1000 = 11.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.619 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.619 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 36.978 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 36.978 / 1000 = 67.23 kN
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
128/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 67.23 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 154 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 67.23 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 36.978) / 1000 = 16.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 154 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 13.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 13.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.314 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.314 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 29.614 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 29.614 / 1000 = 53.84 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 53.84 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 123 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 53.84 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 29.614) / 1000 = 13.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 123 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.067 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.067 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 3.120 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 3.120 / 1000 = 5.67 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.67 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 13 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.67 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 3.120) / 1000 = 3.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 17.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 17.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.383 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.383 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 17.905 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 17.905 / 1000 = 32.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 75 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.55 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 17.905) / 1000 = 17.9 kNm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


129/321
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 14.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 14.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.434 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.434 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 32.474 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 32.474 / 1000 = 59.04 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 59.04 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 135 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 59.04 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 32.474) / 1000 = 14.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 135 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.917 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.917 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 20.318 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 20.318 / 1000 = 36.94 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 36.94 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 85 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 36.94 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 20.318) / 1000 = 9.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 85 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


130/321
Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 24.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.64 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.64 + 0.00 = 0.64 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 23.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 23.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.60 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


131/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.604 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.42 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.42 + 0.00 = 0.43 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.42 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


132/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.424 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.13 + 0.01 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.128 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


133/321
LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT
(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.15 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.15 + 0.01 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 11.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.139 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 5.9
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 18.6 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
134/321
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (18.6 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.60 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 5.9 = 9.54
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 14.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 135 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 135) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 182.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 182.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (14.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.60 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.60 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 3.80
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 5

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


135/321
FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 19.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.412 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.412 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 19.293 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 19.293 / 1000 = 35.08 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 35.08 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 81 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 35.08 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 19.293) / 1000 = 19.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 11.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 11.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.245 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.245 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 11.423 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 11.423 / 1000 = 20.77 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 20.77 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 48 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 20.77 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 11.423) / 1000 = 11.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 2.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.060 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.060 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 2.777 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 2.777 / 1000 = 5.05 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.05 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 12 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.05 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 2.777) / 1000 = 2.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


136/321
LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 18.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.389 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.389 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.213 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.213 / 1000 = 33.11 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.11 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 76 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.11 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.213) / 1000 = 18.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 11.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 11.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.095 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.095 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 24.447 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 24.447 / 1000 = 44.44 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 44.44 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 102 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 44.44 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 24.447) / 1000 = 11.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 102 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.907 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.907 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 20.079 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 20.079 / 1000 = 36.50 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


137/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 36.50 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 84 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 36.50 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 20.079) / 1000 = 9.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 84 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 15.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 15.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.579 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.579 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 36.002 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 36.002 / 1000 = 65.45 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 65.45 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 150 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 65.45 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 36.002) / 1000 = 15.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 150 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.012 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.012 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 22.507 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 22.507 / 1000 = 40.92 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 40.92 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 94 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 40.92 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 22.507) / 1000 = 10.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 94 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


138/321
LOCATION : SECTION 12 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.01 = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
139/321
νss = 0.148 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.01 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.123 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


140/321
(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.28 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.28 + 0.00 = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.39 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.391 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 23.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


141/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 23.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.61 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.61 + 0.00 = 0.61 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 22.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 22.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.57 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.570 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 5.9
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 19.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
142/321
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (19.3 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.57 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 5.9 = 9.54
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 15.9 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 150 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 150) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 202.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 202.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (15.9 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.47 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.47 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 3.49
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B3(150x300/600/300/600/300/600/300) SPAN NO. 6

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 9.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.967 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.967 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
143/321
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 21.464 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 21.464 / 1000 = 39.02 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 39.02 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 90 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 39.02 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 21.464) / 1000 = 9.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 90 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.739 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.739 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.254 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.254 / 1000 = 29.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 68 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.55 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 16.254) / 1000 = 7.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 68 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.083 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.083 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 24.166 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 24.166 / 1000 = 43.93 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 43.93 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 101 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 43.93 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 24.166) / 1000 = 10.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 101 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.899 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.899 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 19.912 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 19.912 / 1000 = 36.20 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


144/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 36.20 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 83 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 36.20 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 19.912) / 1000 = 9.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 83 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 2.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.207 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.207 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.448 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 4.448 / 1000 = 8.09 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.09 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 19 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.09 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 4.448) / 1000 = 2.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


145/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 19.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 19.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.50 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.50 + 0.00 = 0.50 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 17.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.46 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.461 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


146/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.23 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.23 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.23 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.233 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.6 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


147/321
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.35 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.35 + 0.00 = 0.35 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.320 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 9.7 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 90 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
148/321
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 90) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 120.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 120.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (9.7 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 2.14 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.16) / 12.7 = 4.74
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: 2/A-H

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 A Beam 10.0 3.6
2 C Beam 23.2 8.0
3 D Beam 6.7 3.8
4 E Beam 22.4 7.8
5 F Beam 7.1 3.8
6 G Beam 17.7 8.8
7 H Column 4.5 3.6
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B4(150x350)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid 1/A-H
Number of Span within beam = 7
Number of Section defined by user = 13
Number of Supports = 8
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1800 150 350 350
1
2 1500 150 350 350
3 1500 150 350 350
2
4 1800 150 350 350
5 1800 150 350 350
3
6 1500 150 350 350
7 1500 150 350 350
4
8 1800 150 350 350
9 1800 150 350 350
5
10 1500 150 350 350
6 11 1500 150 350 350
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
149/321
12 1800 150 350 350
7 13 3300 150 350 350

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 9.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.688 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.688 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.011 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.011 / 1000 = 32.74 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.74 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 75 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.74 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 18.011) / 1000 = 9.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 75 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.626 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.626 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.362 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.362 / 1000 = 29.75 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.75 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 68 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.75 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.362) / 1000 = 9.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
150/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.719 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.719 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.858 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.858 / 1000 = 34.28 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 34.28 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 79 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 34.28 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 18.858) / 1000 = 10.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 79 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.696 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.696 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.221 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.221 / 1000 = 33.13 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.13 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 76 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.13 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 18.221) / 1000 = 10.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 76 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


151/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.688 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.688 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.011 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.011 / 1000 = 32.74 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.74 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 75 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.74 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 18.011) / 1000 = 9.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 75 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.627 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.627 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.377 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.377 / 1000 = 29.77 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.77 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 68 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.77 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.377) / 1000 = 9.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
152/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.21 + 0.00 = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.199 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 5.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


153/321
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.12 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.12 + 0.00 = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 5.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.118 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 11.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.24 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


154/321
Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.24 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 11.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.238 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 17.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.38 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.38 + 0.00 = 0.38 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


155/321
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 17.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.37 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.369 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 9.9 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 75 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 75) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 101.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 101.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (9.9 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 2.52 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
156/321
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.563 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.563 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.673 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.673 / 1000 = 26.68 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 26.68 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 61 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 26.68 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.673) / 1000 = 8.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.477 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.477 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.375 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.375 / 1000 = 22.50 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.50 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 52 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.50 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.375) / 1000 = 6.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.703 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.703 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.428 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 18.428 / 1000 = 33.50 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.50 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 77 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.50 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 18.428) / 1000 = 10.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


157/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 77 mm²
Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.635 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.635 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.585 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.585 / 1000 = 30.15 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 30.15 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 69 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 30.15 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.585) / 1000 = 9.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.583 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.583 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.209 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.209 / 1000 = 27.65 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.65 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 64 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.65 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.209) / 1000 = 8.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.529 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.529 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.771 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.771 / 1000 = 25.04 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 25.04 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 58 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 25.04 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 13.771) / 1000 = 7.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


158/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.563 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.563 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.673 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.673 / 1000 = 26.68 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 26.68 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 61 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 26.68 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.673) / 1000 = 8.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.476 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.476 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.370 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.370 / 1000 = 22.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 52 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.49 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.370) / 1000 = 6.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 4 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


159/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.35 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.35 + 0.00 = 0.35 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 15694 × 350.0 / 10073309 = 0.55
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-113.2 / 52500.0) × 0.55 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -113.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
160/321
νss = 0.339 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.21 + 0.00 = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9871 × 350.0 / 8065820 = 0.43
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-113.2 / 52500.0) × 0.43 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -113.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.213 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


161/321
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.14 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.14 + 0.00 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9445 × 350.0 / 2318234 = 1.43 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-82.8 / 52500.0) × 1.00 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -82.8 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.204 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


162/321
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.00 = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 13.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 13196 × 350.0 / 8354128 = 0.55
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-82.8 / 52500.0) × 0.55 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -82.8 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.285 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


163/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 8.1 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.9 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (8.1 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 2.74 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 3

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.577 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.577 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.036 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.036 / 1000 = 27.34 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.34 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 63 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.34 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.036) / 1000 = 8.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


164/321
LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 7.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.492 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.492 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.779 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.779 / 1000 = 23.23 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 23.23 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 54 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 23.23 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.779) / 1000 = 7.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.586 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.586 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.289 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.289 / 1000 = 27.80 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.80 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 64 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.80 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.289) / 1000 = 8.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.515 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.515 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.393 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.393 / 1000 = 24.35 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 24.35 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 56 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 24.35 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 13.393) / 1000 = 7.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


165/321
LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.619 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.619 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.170 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.170 / 1000 = 29.40 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.40 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 68 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.40 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.170) / 1000 = 8.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.567 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.567 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.776 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.776 / 1000 = 26.86 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 26.86 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 62 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 26.86 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.776) / 1000 = 8.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 5 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.577 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.577 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


166/321
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.036 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.036 / 1000 = 27.34 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.34 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 63 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.34 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.036) / 1000 = 8.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.492 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.492 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.784 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.784 / 1000 = 23.24 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 23.24 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 54 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 23.24 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.784) / 1000 = 7.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 6 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
167/321
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.00 = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 13.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.288 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.21 + 0.00 = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


168/321
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.207 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.20 + 0.00 = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


169/321
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.197 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 15.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.34 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.34 + 0.00 = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


170/321
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.323 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 8.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (8.3 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 2.72 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 4

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.572 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.572 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.904 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.904 / 1000 = 27.10 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.10 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 62 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.10 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.904) / 1000 = 8.2 kNm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
171/321
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.484 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.484 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.559 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.559 / 1000 = 22.83 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.83 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 53 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.83 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.559) / 1000 = 6.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.624 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.624 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.285 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.285 / 1000 = 29.61 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.61 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 68 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.61 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.285) / 1000 = 8.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.541 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.541 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.076 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.076 / 1000 = 25.59 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 25.59 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 59 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 25.59 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.076) / 1000 = 7.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


172/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²
Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.594 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.594 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.492 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.492 / 1000 = 28.16 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 28.16 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 65 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 28.16 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.492) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.545 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.545 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.194 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.194 / 1000 = 25.81 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 25.81 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 59 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 25.81 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.194) / 1000 = 7.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 7 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


173/321
LOCATION : SECTION 8 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.572 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.572 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.904 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.904 / 1000 = 27.10 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.10 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 62 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.10 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.904) / 1000 = 8.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.483 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.483 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.553 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.553 / 1000 = 22.82 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.82 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 53 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.82 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.553) / 1000 = 6.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 8 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 15.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


174/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.34 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.34 + 0.00 = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 14954 × 350.0 / 8930453 = 0.59
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-14.4 / 52500.0) × 0.59 = 0.564 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -14.4 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.564 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.323 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


175/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.20 + 0.00 = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9117 × 350.0 / 8190078 = 0.39
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-14.4 / 52500.0) × 0.39 = 0.564 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -14.4 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.564 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.197 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


176/321
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.14 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.14 + 0.00 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.207 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 14.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.00 = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


177/321
Part 2: Clause 2.4.5
Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 13.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.288 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 8.2 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.6 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (8.2 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 2.73 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
178/321
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 5

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.575 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.575 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.991 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.991 / 1000 = 27.25 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.25 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 63 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.25 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.991) / 1000 = 8.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.496 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.496 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.881 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.881 / 1000 = 23.42 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 23.42 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 54 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 23.42 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.881) / 1000 = 7.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.592 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.592 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.443 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.443 / 1000 = 28.08 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 28.08 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 65 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
179/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 28.08 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.443) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.521 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.521 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.555 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.555 / 1000 = 24.64 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 24.64 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 57 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 24.64 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 13.555) / 1000 = 7.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.630 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.630 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.465 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.465 / 1000 = 29.93 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.93 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 69 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.93 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.465) / 1000 = 9.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.581 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.581 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.142 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.142 / 1000 = 27.53 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.53 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 63 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.53 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.142) / 1000 = 8.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


180/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 9 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.575 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.575 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.991 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.991 / 1000 = 27.25 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 27.25 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 63 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 27.25 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.991) / 1000 = 8.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.496 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.496 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.887 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.887 / 1000 = 23.43 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 23.43 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 54 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 23.43 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.887) / 1000 = 7.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


181/321
Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 10 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 14.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.00 = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 13.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.289 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
182/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.21 + 0.00 = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.208 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1800 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


183/321
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.20 + 0.00 = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.199 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 15.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


184/321
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.34 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.34 + 0.00 = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.325 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 8.2 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
185/321
MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (8.2 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 2.72 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 6

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.597 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.597 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.564 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.564 / 1000 = 28.30 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 28.30 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 65 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 28.30 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.564) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.503 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.503 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.085 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.085 / 1000 = 23.79 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 23.79 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 55 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 23.79 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 13.085) / 1000 = 7.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 9.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 9.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.640 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
186/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.640 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.733 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 16.733 / 1000 = 30.42 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 30.42 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 70 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 30.42 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 16.733) / 1000 = 9.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 70 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.552 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.552 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 14.373 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 14.373 / 1000 = 26.13 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 26.13 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 60 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 26.13 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 14.373) / 1000 = 7.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.512 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.512 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.311 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.311 / 1000 = 24.20 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 24.20 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 56 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 24.20 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 13.311) / 1000 = 7.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.481 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.481 <= 4.691

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


187/321
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 12.491 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 12.491 / 1000 = 22.71 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 22.71 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 52 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 22.71 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 12.491) / 1000 = 6.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 11 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.597 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.597 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 15.564 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 15.564 / 1000 = 28.30 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 28.30 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 65 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 28.30 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 15.564) / 1000 = 8.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 7.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 7.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.503 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.503 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 13.079 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 13.079 / 1000 = 23.78 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 23.78 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 55 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 23.78 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 13.079) / 1000 = 7.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


188/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 12 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.34 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.34 + 0.00 = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 15.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 15.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.33 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
189/321
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 15371 × 350.0 / 9170197 = 0.59
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-85.2 / 52500.0) × 0.59 = 0.563 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -85.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.332 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:825 mm E:1500 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.21 + 0.00 = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


190/321
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9524 × 350.0 / 8544260 = 0.39
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-85.2 / 52500.0) × 0.39 = 0.564 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -85.2 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.563 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.205 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:1500 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.13 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.13 + 0.00 = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


191/321
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9256 × 350.0 / 2823863 = 1.15 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-40.8 / 52500.0) × 1.00 = 0.564 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -40.8 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.564 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.200 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.29 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.29 + 0.00 = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 13.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


192/321
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 13007 × 350.0 / 7331838 = 0.62
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-40.8 / 52500.0) × 0.62 = 0.564 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -40.8 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.564 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.281 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 8.5 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 92.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 92.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (8.5 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 2.69 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B4(150x350) SPAN NO. 7

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 4.1 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.1 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.284 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.284 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
193/321
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.314 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 7.314 / 1000 = 13.30 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 13.30 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 31 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 13.30 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 7.314) / 1000 = 4.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.247 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.247 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 6.351 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 6.351 / 1000 = 11.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 11.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 27 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 11.55 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 6.351) / 1000 = 3.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 6.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 6.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.452 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.452 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 11.734 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 11.734 / 1000 = 21.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 21.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 49 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 21.33 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 11.734) / 1000 = 6.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 5.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 5.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.410 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.410 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.606 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 10.606 / 1000 = 19.28 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


194/321
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 19.28 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 45 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 19.28 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 10.606) / 1000 = 5.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.057 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.057 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.459 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 1.459 / 1000 = 2.65 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 2.65 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 7 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 2.65 × (309.0 - 0.4518 × 1.459) / 1000 = 0.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 309.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 350.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 350.0 = 69 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


195/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 69 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:825 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.22 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.22 + 0.00 = 0.22 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.21 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9675 × 350.0 / 6478642 = 0.52
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-327.7 / 52500.0) × 0.52 = 0.562 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -327.7 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.561 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
196/321
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.209 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:825 mm E:2475 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 5.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.11 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.11 + 0.00 = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 5.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 4957 × 350.0 / 2274932 = 0.76
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-327.7 / 52500.0) × 0.76 = 0.561 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -327.7 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.561 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


197/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.107 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2475 mm E:3300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 350 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 286 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 286 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 350.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 309.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.14 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.14 + 0.00 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 286.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 286.0 / 550 = 2.28 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 2.28 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 5.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 5.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 309.0) = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.49 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 309.0 = 1.294
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.067 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.49}⅓ × 1.067 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 5752 × 350.0 / 628284 = 3.20 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.564 + 0.60 × (-327.7 / 52500.0) × 1.00 = 0.560 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.564 × √[1 + -327.7 / (52500.0 × 0.56)] = 0.561 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


198/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.124 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3300.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 309.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 10.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 4.1 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 69 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 69) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 93.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 93.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (4.1 × 1000000 / (150 × 309.0²)))}
= 3.25 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 309.0)))}
= 1.14 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.14) / 10.7 = 5.55
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: 1/A-H

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 A Column 4.8 1.6
2 B Column 17.3 5.4
3 C Column 13.5 4.4
4 D Column 15.4 4.8
5 E Column 13.7 4.5
6 F Column 15.8 4.9
7 G Column 11.4 4.3
8 H Column 2.7 1.3
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B5(300x600)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


199/321
GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA
Beam Located along grid A/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 2
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 3
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1 1600 300 600 600
2 3150 300 600 600
2
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B5(300x600) SPAN NO. 1


Deflection check bypassed

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.017 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.017 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.804 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 0.804 / 1000 = 2.92 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 2.92 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 7 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 2.92 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.804) / 1000 = 1.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.3 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.3 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.014 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.014 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.638 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 0.638 / 1000 = 2.32 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 2.32 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 6 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 2.32 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.638) / 1000 = 1.3 kNm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
200/321
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 21.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 21.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.231 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.231 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.757 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 10.757 / 1000 = 39.11 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 39.11 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 90 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 39.11 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 10.757) / 1000 = 21.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 18.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 18.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.198 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.198 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 9.205 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 9.205 / 1000 = 33.47 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 33.47 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 77 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 33.47 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 9.205) / 1000 = 18.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 10.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 10.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.111 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.111 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 5.163 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 5.163 / 1000 = 18.77 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 18.77 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 43 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


201/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 18.77 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 5.163) / 1000 = 10.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 8.3 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 8.3 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.089 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.089 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 4.097 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 4.097 / 1000 = 14.90 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 14.90 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 35 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 14.90 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 4.097) / 1000 = 8.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:400 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 11.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.3 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.07 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.07 + 0.00 = 0.07 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


202/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 11.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.07 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 11883 × 600.0 / 1632721 = 4.37 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.394 + 0.60 × (-117.0 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.394 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.394 × √[1 + -117.0 / (180000.0 × 0.39)] = 0.394 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.071 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:400 mm E:1200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 14.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.8 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.09 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.09 + 0.00 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


203/321
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 14.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.8 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 14846 × 600.0 / 10449439 = 0.85
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.394 + 0.60 × (-117.0 / 180000.0) × 0.85 = 0.394 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.394 × √[1 + -117.0 / (180000.0 × 0.39)] = 0.394 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.089 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:1200 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 19.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 19.7 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.12 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.12 + 0.00 = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


204/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 18.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 18928 × 600.0 / 21674413 = 0.52
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.394 + 0.60 × (-117.0 / 180000.0) × 0.52 = 0.394 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.394 × √[1 + -117.0 / (180000.0 × 0.39)] = 0.394 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.113 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


No Sagging Moment on Span, No Deflection Check is Proceeded.
Deflection check is not required for this span due to reverse behaviour which may be caused by uplift effect or short span.

BEAM 2B5(300x600) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 36.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 36.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.391 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.391 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.286 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 18.286 / 1000 = 66.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 66.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 152 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 66.49 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.286) / 1000 = 36.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 35.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 35.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.382 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
205/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.382 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 17.877 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 17.877 / 1000 = 65.00 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 65.00 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 149 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 65.00 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 17.877) / 1000 = 35.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 20.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.221 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.221 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.287 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 10.287 / 1000 = 37.41 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 37.41 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 86 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 37.41 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 10.287) / 1000 = 20.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 17.9 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 17.9 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.191 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.191 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 8.864 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 8.864 / 1000 = 32.23 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 32.23 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 74 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 32.23 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 8.864) / 1000 = 17.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


206/321
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 36.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 36.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.391 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.391 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 18.286 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 18.286 / 1000 = 66.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 66.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 152 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 66.49 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 18.286) / 1000 = 36.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 35.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 35.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.382 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.382 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


207/321
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 17.876 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 17.876 / 1000 = 65.00 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 65.00 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 149 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 65.00 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 17.876) / 1000 = 35.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 28.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 28.7 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.17 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.17 + 0.00 = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 27.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.17 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


208/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.166 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 19.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 19.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.11 + 0.00 = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 19.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 19.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


209/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.114 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.00 = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 14.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.8 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.088 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


210/321
LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT
(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 24.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.14 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.14 + 0.00 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 23.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 23.3 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.139 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 36.6 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 235 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 339 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
211/321
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 235) / (3 × 339)} × (1 / 1.00) = 211.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 211.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (36.6 × 1000000 / (300 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.26 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.06) / 9.3 = 5.94
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: A/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column -5.4 -1.1
2 3 Column 30.2 2.9
3 1 Column 14.5 1.8
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B6(150x600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid A1/3-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 2
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 3150 150 600 600
1
2 2050 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


212/321
BEAM 2B6(150x600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 25.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 25.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.533 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.533 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 25.074 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 25.074 / 1000 = 45.58 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 45.58 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 105 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 45.58 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 25.074) / 1000 = 25.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 23.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 23.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.495 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.495 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 23.272 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 23.272 / 1000 = 42.31 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 42.31 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 97 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 42.31 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 23.272) / 1000 = 23.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
213/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 20.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.029 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.029 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 47.247 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 47.247 / 1000 = 85.90 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 85.90 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 197 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 85.90 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 47.247) / 1000 = 20.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 197 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


214/321
LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 19.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 19.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 1.913 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.913 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 44.315 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 44.315 / 1000 = 80.57 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 80.57 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 184 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 80.57 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 44.315) / 1000 = 19.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 184 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 20.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.24 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.24 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


215/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 20019 × 600.0 / 1670285 = 7.19 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-49.7 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -49.7 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.239 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.07 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.07 + 0.00 = 0.07 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


216/321
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9641 × 600.0 / 20527572 = 0.28
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-49.7 / 90000.0) × 0.28 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -49.7 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.115 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 8.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 8.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.23 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.23 + 0.00 = 0.23 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


217/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9404 × 300.0 / 15858440 = 0.18
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-100.9 / 45000.0) × 0.18 = 0.625 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -100.9 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.624 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.242 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 11.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.30 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.30 + 0.00 = 0.30 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


218/321
Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 11.4 kN
Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 11.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.29 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 11363 × 300.0 / 831741 = 4.10 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-100.9 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.624 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -100.9 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.624 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.292 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 25.0 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.9 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (25.0 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.40 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


219/321
New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 9.3 = 4.65
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 20.1
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 20.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 197 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 197) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 265.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 265.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (20.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.15 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.15 × 1.16) / 20.1 = 1.33
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: A1/3-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 3 Beam 12.2 1.8
2 1 Beam 6.4 1.1
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B7(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid B/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1600 300 600 600
1
2 3150 300 600 600
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
220/321
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B7(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 181.1 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 181.1 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.960 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.960 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 97.498 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 97.498 / 1000 = 354.50 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 354.50 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 810 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 354.50 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 97.498) / 1000 = 181.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 810 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 178.5 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 178.5 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.932 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.932 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 95.977 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 95.977 / 1000 = 348.97 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 348.97 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 797 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 348.97 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 95.977) / 1000 = 178.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 797 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
221/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 149.3 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 149.3 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.616 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.616 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 79.083 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 79.083 / 1000 = 287.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 287.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 657 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 287.55 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 79.083) / 1000 = 149.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 657 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


222/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 146.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 146.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.585 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.585 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 77.445 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 77.445 / 1000 = 281.59 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 281.59 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 643 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 281.59 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 77.445) / 1000 = 146.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 643 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 138.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 138.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.489 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.489 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 72.728 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 72.728 / 1000 = 264.44 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 264.44 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 604 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 264.44 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 72.728) / 1000 = 138.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 604 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


223/321
Design Bending Moment = 136.1 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 136.1 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.462 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.462 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 71.334 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 71.334 / 1000 = 259.37 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 259.37 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 593 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 259.37 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 71.334) / 1000 = 136.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 593 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 98.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 98.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.59 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.59 + 0.00 = 0.59 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


224/321
Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 97.4 kN
Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 97.4 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.59 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 97404 × 600.0 / 11968057 = 4.88 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.556 + 0.60 × (-26.9 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.555 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.556 × √[1 + -26.9 / (180000.0 × 0.56)] = 0.555 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.585 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1600 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 39.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 39.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.24 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.24 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 45.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


225/321
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 45.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.276 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:4750 mm E:6800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 73.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 73.8 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.44 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.44 + 0.00 = 0.44 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 73.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 73.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.44 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


226/321
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.439 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 6800.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 181.1 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 810 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 942 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 810) / (3 × 942)} × (1 / 1.00) = 263.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 263.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (181.1 × 1000000 / (300 × 555.0²)))}
= 1.17 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 555.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 555.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.17 × 1.06) / 12.3 = 2.04
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: B/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 56.3 11.1
2 1 Column 42.9 8.1
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B8(150x600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid B1/3-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 2
Number of Supports = 2
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
227/321
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 3150 150 600 600
1
2 2050 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B8(150x600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 27.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 27.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 557.0²) = 0.581 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.581 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 27.287 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 27.287 / 1000 = 49.61 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 49.61 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 114 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 49.61 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 27.287) / 1000 = 27.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 25.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 25.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 557.0²) = 0.547 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.547 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 25.693 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 25.693 / 1000 = 46.71 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 46.71 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 107 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 46.71 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 25.693) / 1000 = 25.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
228/321
LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


229/321
LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 23.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 23.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 257.0²) = 2.378 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.378 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 55.922 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 55.922 / 1000 = 101.67 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 101.67 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 233 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 101.67 × (257.0 - 0.4518 × 55.922) / 1000 = 23.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 233 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 22.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 22.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.235 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.235 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 52.574 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 52.574 / 1000 = 95.58 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 95.58 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 219 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 95.58 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 52.574) / 1000 = 22.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 219 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T16 (402 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 21.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


230/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.48 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.48}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.53 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 20401 × 600.0 / 1737276 = 7.05 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.526 + 0.60 × (-4.8 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.526 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.526 × √[1 + -4.8 / (90000.0 × 0.53)] = 0.526 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.244 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


231/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.09 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.09 + 0.00 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 557.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.48 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.48}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.53 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9033 × 600.0 / 23668099 = 0.23
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.526 + 0.60 × (-4.8 / 90000.0) × 0.23 = 0.526 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.526 × √[1 + -4.8 / (90000.0 × 0.53)] = 0.526 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.108 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


232/321
Effective depth, d = 257.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.27 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.27 + 0.00 = 0.27 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 1.04 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 257.0 = 1.556
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.117 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {1.04}⅓ × 1.117 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.76 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.284 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 13.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 257.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 13.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.34 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.34 + 0.00 = 0.34 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


233/321
Part 2: Clause 2.4.5
Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 257.0) = 0.33 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 402 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 1.04 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 257.0 = 1.556
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.117 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {1.04}⅓ × 1.117 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.76 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.335 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 27.0 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 402 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 402)} × (1 / 1.00) = 89.2 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 89.2) / (120 × (0.9 + (27.0 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.74 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
234/321
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 9.3 = 4.65
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 257.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 20.2
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 23.6 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 233 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 402 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 233) / (3 × 402)} × (1 / 1.00) = 177.0 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 177.0) / (120 × (0.9 + (23.6 × 1000000 / (150 × 257.0²)))}
= 1.31 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 257.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.31 × 1.16) / 20.2 = 1.51
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: B1/3-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 3 Beam 12.5 1.9
2 1 Beam 7.4 1.4
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B9(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid C/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Span Section Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
235/321
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1600 300 600 600
1 2 3150 300 600 600
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B9(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 128.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 128.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.383 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.383 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 67.239 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 67.239 / 1000 = 244.48 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 244.48 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 559 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 244.48 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 67.239) / 1000 = 128.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 559 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 125.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 125.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.343 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.343 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 65.146 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 65.146 / 1000 = 236.87 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 236.87 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 541 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 236.87 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 65.146) / 1000 = 125.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 541 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
236/321
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 117.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 117.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.261 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.261 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 60.971 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 60.971 / 1000 = 221.69 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 221.69 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 507 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 221.69 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 60.971) / 1000 = 117.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


237/321
Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 507 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 113.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 113.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.218 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.218 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 58.797 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 58.797 / 1000 = 213.79 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 213.79 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 488 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 213.79 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 58.797) / 1000 = 113.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 488 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 124.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 124.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.338 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.338 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 64.929 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 64.929 / 1000 = 236.08 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 236.08 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 539 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 236.08 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 64.929) / 1000 = 124.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 539 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


238/321
LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 120.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 120.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.298 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.298 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 62.842 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 62.842 / 1000 = 228.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 228.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 522 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 228.49 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 62.842) / 1000 = 120.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 522 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 78.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 78.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.47 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.47 + 0.00 = 0.47 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


239/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 77.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 77.4 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.46 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 77442 × 600.0 / 9472680 = 4.91 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.478 + 0.60 × (-16.5 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.478 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.478 × √[1 + -16.5 / (180000.0 × 0.48)] = 0.478 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.463 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1600 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.10 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.10 + 0.00 = 0.10 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


240/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.10 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 16578 × 600.0 / 117375294 = 0.08
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.478 + 0.60 × (-5.7 / 180000.0) × 0.08 = 0.478 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.478 × √[1 + -5.7 / (180000.0 × 0.48)] = 0.478 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.099 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:4750 mm E:6800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 67.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 67.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.40 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.40 + 0.00 = 0.40 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


241/321
Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 66.2 kN
Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 66.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.40 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.396 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 6800.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.2
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 128.7 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 559 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 603 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 559) / (3 × 603)} × (1 / 1.00) = 283.7 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 283.7) / (120 × (0.9 + (128.7 × 1000000 / (300 × 557.0²)))}
= 1.26 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 557.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 557.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.26 × 1.06) / 12.2 = 2.19
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: C/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support No. Grid Mark Support Type Support Reaction, kN
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
242/321
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 43.5 9.2
2 1 Column 37.6 7.7
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B10(150x600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid C1/3-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 2
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 3150 150 600 600
1
2 2050 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B10(150x600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 26.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 26.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.564 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.564 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 26.565 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 26.565 / 1000 = 48.30 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 48.30 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 111 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 48.30 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 26.565) / 1000 = 26.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 24.7 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 24.7 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.527 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.527 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 24.785 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 24.785 / 1000 = 45.06 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 45.06 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 103 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
243/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 45.06 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 24.785) / 1000 = 24.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


244/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 22.5 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 22.5 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.239 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.239 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 52.688 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 52.688 / 1000 = 95.79 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 95.79 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 219 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 95.79 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 52.688) / 1000 = 22.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 219 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 21.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 21.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.126 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.126 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 49.748 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 49.748 / 1000 = 90.44 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 90.44 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 207 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 90.44 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 49.748) / 1000 = 21.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 207 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
245/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 21.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 20681 × 600.0 / 1720205 = 7.21 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-20.7 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -20.7 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.247 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


246/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE
(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 6.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 6.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.00 = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.2 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9225 × 600.0 / 22643546 = 0.24
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-20.7 / 90000.0) × 0.24 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -20.7 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.110 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


247/321
(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.26 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.27 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 10436 × 300.0 / 17443116 = 0.18
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-62.2 / 45000.0) × 0.18 = 0.625 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -62.2 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.624 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.269 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


248/321
Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.32 + 0.00 = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 12394 × 300.0 / 909047 = 4.09 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-62.2 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.624 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -62.2 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.624 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.319 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
249/321
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 26.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (26.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.36 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 9.3 = 4.65
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 20.1
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 22.5 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 219 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 219) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 296.4 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 296.4) / (120 × (0.9 + (22.5 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.03 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


250/321
New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.03 × 1.16) / 20.1 = 1.19
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: C1/3-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 3 Beam 12.6 1.9
2 1 Beam 7.0 1.3
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B11(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid D/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1600 300 600 600
1 2 3150 300 600 600
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B11(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 178.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 178.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.935 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.935 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 96.133 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 96.133 / 1000 = 349.54 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 349.54 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 798 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 349.54 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 96.133) / 1000 = 178.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 798 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


251/321
LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 174.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 174.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.888 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.888 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 93.573 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 93.573 / 1000 = 340.23 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 340.23 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 777 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 340.23 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 93.573) / 1000 = 174.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 777 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


252/321
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 147.1 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 147.1 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.592 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.592 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 77.835 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 77.835 / 1000 = 283.01 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 283.01 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 647 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 283.01 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 77.835) / 1000 = 147.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 647 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 141.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 141.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 1.513 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.513 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 74.234 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 74.234 / 1000 = 269.91 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 269.91 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 617 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 269.91 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 74.234) / 1000 = 141.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 617 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


253/321
Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 136.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 136.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.469 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.469 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 71.660 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 71.660 / 1000 = 260.55 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 260.55 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 595 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 260.55 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 71.660) / 1000 = 136.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 595 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 132.5 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 132.5 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.423 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.423 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 69.314 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 69.314 / 1000 = 252.03 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 252.03 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 576 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 252.03 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 69.314) / 1000 = 132.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 576 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
254/321
Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 96.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 96.8 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.58 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.58 + 0.00 = 0.58 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 96.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 96.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.58 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 96031 × 600.0 / 11796451 = 4.88 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.556 + 0.60 × (-2.3 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.556 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.556 × √[1 + -2.3 / (180000.0 × 0.56)] = 0.556 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.577 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1600 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


255/321
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 40.2 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 40.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.24 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.24 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 45.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 45.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.276 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:4750 mm E:6800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 72.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 72.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.44 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


256/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3
Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.44 + 0.00 = 0.44 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 72.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 72.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.43 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.433 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 6800.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 178.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 798 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 942 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 798) / (3 × 942)} × (1 / 1.00) = 259.6 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
257/321
= 0.55 + {(477 - 259.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (178.8 × 1000000 / (300 × 555.0²)))}
= 1.19 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 555.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 555.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.19 × 1.06) / 12.3 = 2.06
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: D/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 54.7 10.7
2 1 Column 41.9 7.8
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B12(150x600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid D1/3-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 2
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 3150 150 600 600
1
2 2050 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B12(150x600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 26.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 26.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.561 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.561 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 26.416 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 26.416 / 1000 = 48.02 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 48.02 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 110 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
258/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 48.02 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 26.416) / 1000 = 26.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 24.3 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 24.3 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.517 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.517 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 24.347 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 24.347 / 1000 = 44.26 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 44.26 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 102 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 44.26 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 24.347) / 1000 = 24.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


259/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 22.4 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 22.4 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.231 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.231 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 52.472 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 52.472 / 1000 = 95.40 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 95.40 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 218 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 95.40 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 52.472) / 1000 = 22.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 218 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 21.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 21.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.090 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.090 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 48.812 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 48.812 / 1000 = 88.74 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 88.74 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 203 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 88.74 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 48.812) / 1000 = 21.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


260/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 203 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 20.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
261/321
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.239 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.09 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.09 + 0.00 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.112 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


262/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 9.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.27 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.268 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.5 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


263/321
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.32 + 0.00 = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.4 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.318 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 26.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
264/321
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.6 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (26.3 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.37 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 9.3 = 4.65
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 20.1
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 22.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 218 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 218) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 295.2 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 295.2) / (120 × (0.9 + (22.4 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.03 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.03 × 1.16) / 20.1 = 1.20
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: D1/3-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
265/321
1 3 Beam 12.3 1.9
2 1 Beam 6.9 1.3
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B13(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid E/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1600 300 600 600
1 2 3150 300 600 600
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B13(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 126.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 126.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.363 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.363 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 66.172 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 66.172 / 1000 = 240.60 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 240.60 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 550 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 240.60 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 66.172) / 1000 = 126.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 550 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 122.2 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 122.2 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.313 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.313 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 63.637 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 63.637 / 1000 = 231.39 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 231.39 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 529 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
266/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 231.39 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 63.637) / 1000 = 122.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 529 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 115.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


267/321
Mu / bd² = 115.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.240 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.240 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 59.908 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 59.908 / 1000 = 217.82 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 217.82 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 498 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 217.82 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 59.908) / 1000 = 115.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 498 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 110.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 110.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.186 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.186 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 57.174 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 57.174 / 1000 = 207.89 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 207.89 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 475 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 207.89 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 57.174) / 1000 = 110.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 475 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 122.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 122.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.318 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


268/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.318 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 63.879 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 63.879 / 1000 = 232.27 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 232.27 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 531 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 232.27 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 63.879) / 1000 = 122.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 531 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 118.2 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 118.2 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.270 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.270 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 61.406 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 61.406 / 1000 = 223.27 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 223.27 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 510 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 223.27 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 61.406) / 1000 = 118.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 510 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 77.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 77.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.46 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
269/321
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3
Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.46 + 0.00 = 0.46 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 76.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 76.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.46 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.456 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1600 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 16.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.7 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.10 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.10 + 0.00 = 0.10 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


270/321
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 16.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 16.7 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.10 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.100 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:4750 mm E:6800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 66.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 66.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.40 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.40 + 0.00 = 0.40 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 65.3 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


271/321
Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 65.3 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.39 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 65281 × 600.0 / 8061399 = 4.86 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.478 + 0.60 × (-12.4 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.478 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.478 × √[1 + -12.4 / (180000.0 × 0.48)] = 0.478 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.391 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 6800.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.2
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 126.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 550 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 603 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 550) / (3 × 603)} × (1 / 1.00) = 279.2 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 279.2) / (120 × (0.9 + (126.8 × 1000000 / (300 × 557.0²)))}
= 1.28 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 557.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 557.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.28 × 1.06) / 12.2 = 2.23
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


272/321
BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE
Current Beam Grid Mark: E/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 42.3 8.9
2 1 Column 36.7 7.4
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B14(150x600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid E1/3-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 2
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 3150 150 600 600
1
2 2050 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B14(150x600/300) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 26.6 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 26.6 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.568 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.568 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 26.795 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 26.795 / 1000 = 48.71 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 48.71 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 112 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 48.71 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 26.795) / 1000 = 26.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 25.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 25.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.534 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
273/321
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.534 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 25.140 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 25.140 / 1000 = 45.70 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 45.70 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 105 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 45.70 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 25.140) / 1000 = 25.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


274/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 22.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 22.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.269 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.269 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 53.479 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 53.479 / 1000 = 97.23 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 97.23 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 222 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 97.23 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 53.479) / 1000 = 22.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 222 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 21.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 21.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.181 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.181 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 51.166 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 51.166 / 1000 = 93.02 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 93.02 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 213 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 93.02 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 51.166) / 1000 = 21.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 213 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


275/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 21.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 20787 × 600.0 / 1729698 = 7.21 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-16.6 / 90000.0) × 1.00 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -16.6 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
276/321
νss = 0.248 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.08 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.08 + 0.00 = 0.08 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 9124 × 600.0 / 22956420 = 0.24
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.434 + 0.60 × (-16.6 / 90000.0) × 0.24 = 0.434 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.434 × √[1 + -16.6 / (90000.0 × 0.43)] = 0.434 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.109 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


277/321
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.0 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.26 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.26 + 0.00 = 0.26 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.27 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 10584 × 300.0 / 17670783 = 0.18
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-88.5 / 45000.0) × 0.18 = 0.625 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -88.5 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.624 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.272 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


278/321
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.33 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.33 + 0.00 = 0.33 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.5 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 12542 × 300.0 / 920153 = 4.09 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.625 + 0.60 × (-88.5 / 45000.0) × 1.00 = 0.624 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.625 × √[1 + -88.5 / (45000.0 × 0.63)] = 0.624 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.323 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


279/321
Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 26.6 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.9 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (26.6 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.36 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 9.3 = 4.65
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 20.1
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 22.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 222 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 222) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 300.9 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 300.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (22.8 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
280/321
= 1.01 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.01 × 1.16) / 20.1 = 1.17
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: E1/3-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 3 Beam 12.7 1.9
2 1 Beam 7.1 1.3
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B15(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid F/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1600 300 600 600
1 2 3150 300 600 600
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B15(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 181.2 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 181.2 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.960 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.960 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 97.509 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 97.509 / 1000 = 354.54 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 354.54 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 810 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
281/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 354.54 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 97.509) / 1000 = 181.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 810 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 177.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 177.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.923 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.923 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 95.505 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 95.505 / 1000 = 347.26 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 347.26 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 793 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 347.26 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 95.505) / 1000 = 177.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 793 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


282/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 150.5 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 150.5 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.629 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.629 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 79.758 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 79.758 / 1000 = 290.00 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 290.00 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 662 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 290.00 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 79.758) / 1000 = 150.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 662 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 146.5 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 146.5 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 555.0²) = 1.585 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.585 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 77.460 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 77.460 / 1000 = 281.64 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 281.64 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 643 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 281.64 × (555.0 - 0.4518 × 77.460) / 1000 = 146.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 643 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


283/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 138.9 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 138.9 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.492 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.492 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 72.897 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 72.897 / 1000 = 265.05 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 265.05 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 606 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 265.05 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 72.897) / 1000 = 138.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 606 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 135.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 135.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.457 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.457 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 71.032 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 71.032 / 1000 = 258.27 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 258.27 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 590 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 258.27 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 71.032) / 1000 = 135.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 590 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


284/321
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T20 (942 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 98.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 98.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.59 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.59 + 0.00 = 0.59 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 98.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 98.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.59 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.589 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1600 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
285/321
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 40.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 40.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.24 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.24 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 46.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 46.5 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.28 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 46487 × 600.0 / 138731097 = 0.20
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.556 + 0.60 × (-12.7 / 180000.0) × 0.20 = 0.556 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.556 × √[1 + -12.7 / (180000.0 × 0.56)] = 0.556 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.279 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:4750 mm E:6800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 74.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


286/321
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 555.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 74.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.44 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.44 + 0.00 = 0.44 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 73.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 73.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 555.0) = 0.44 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 942 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.57 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 555.0 = 0.721
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.57}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.56 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 73202 × 600.0 / 9051540 = 4.85 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.556 + 0.60 × (-109.1 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.555 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.556 × √[1 + -109.1 / (180000.0 × 0.56)] = 0.555 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.440 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 6800.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 555.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 181.2 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 810 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
287/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 942 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 810) / (3 × 942)} × (1 / 1.00) = 263.3 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 263.3) / (120 × (0.9 + (181.2 × 1000000 / (300 × 555.0²)))}
= 1.17 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 555.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 555.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.17 × 1.06) / 12.3 = 2.04
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: F/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 56.6 10.9
2 1 Column 42.9 7.9
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B16(150x600/300)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid F1/3-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 2
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 3150 150 600 600
1
2 2050 150 300 300

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B16(150x600/300) SPAN NO. 1


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
288/321
FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 26.8 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 26.8 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.571 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.571 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 26.929 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 26.929 / 1000 = 48.96 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 48.96 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 112 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 48.96 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 26.929) / 1000 = 26.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 25.2 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 25.2 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.537 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.537 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 25.291 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 25.291 / 1000 = 45.98 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 45.98 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 105 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 45.98 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 25.291) / 1000 = 25.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 117 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 600.0 = 117 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


289/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 117 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 59 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 22.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 22.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.277 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.277 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 53.688 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 53.688 / 1000 = 97.60 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 97.60 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 223 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 97.60 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 53.688) / 1000 = 22.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 223 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


290/321
LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 20.9 kNm Width, b = 150.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 20.9 × 1000000 / (150.0 × 259.0²) = 2.078 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 2.078 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 48.518 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 150 × 48.518 / 1000 = 88.21 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 88.21 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 202 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 88.21 × (259.0 - 0.4518 × 48.518) / 1000 = 20.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 300.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 150.0 × 300.0 = 59 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 59 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 202 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1300 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 21.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 21.3 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.25 + 0.00 = 0.26 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
291/321
Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 20.9 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 20.9 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.25 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.249 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE


(B:1300 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 7.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 7.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.09 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.09 + 0.00 = 0.09 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 9.8 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 9.8 × 1000 / (150.0 × 559.0) = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


292/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²
- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.27 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.27}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.43 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.117 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE


(B:3150 mm E:3900 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 10.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.1 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.26 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.26 + 0.00 = 0.26 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 10.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 10.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.27 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


293/321
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.273 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:3900 mm E:5200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 12.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 150 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 86 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 86 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 236 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 150.0 mm, Dmax = 300.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 259.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.7 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.33 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.33 + 0.00 = 0.33 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 236.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 236.0 / 550 = 1.88 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 1.88 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 12.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 12.6 × 1000 / (150.0 × 259.0) = 0.32 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.58 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 259.0 = 1.544
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 1.115 ≥ 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.58}⅓ × 1.115 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.63 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.324 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 150) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.286 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : R6-175


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.323 mm²/mm > 0.286 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


294/321
DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN
Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 9.3
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 26.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 118 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 118) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 158.6 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 158.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (26.8 × 1000000 / (150 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.35 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 2.00 × 1.08) / 9.3 = 4.65
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

Additional Deflection Checking on Smallest Section Depth


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 5200.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 259.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 20.1
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 22.9 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 223 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 223) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 302.1 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 302.1) / (120 × (0.9 + (22.9 × 1000000 / (150 × 259.0²)))}
= 1.01 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
295/321
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (150.0 × 259.0)))}
= 1.16 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.01 × 1.16) / 20.1 = 1.17
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: F1/3-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 3 Beam 12.7 2.0
2 1 Beam 7.1 1.3
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B17(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid G/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1600 300 600 600
1 2 3150 300 600 600
3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B17(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 111.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 111.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.197 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.197 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 57.712 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 57.712 / 1000 = 209.84 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 209.84 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 479 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 209.84 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 57.712) / 1000 = 111.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


296/321
Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²
Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 479 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 108.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 108.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.169 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.169 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 56.273 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 56.273 / 1000 = 204.61 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 204.61 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 468 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 204.61 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 56.273) / 1000 = 108.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 468 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


297/321
Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 97.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 97.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.049 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.049 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 50.264 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 50.264 / 1000 = 182.76 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 182.76 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 418 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 182.76 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 50.264) / 1000 = 97.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 418 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 94.9 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 94.9 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.019 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.019 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 48.771 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 48.771 / 1000 = 177.33 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 177.33 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 405 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 177.33 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 48.771) / 1000 = 94.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 405 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


298/321
Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (2D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


No hogging moment (3D) within this section, calculation is not required

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 108.3 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 108.3 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.164 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.164 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 56.036 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 56.036 / 1000 = 203.75 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 203.75 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 466 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 203.75 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 56.036) / 1000 = 108.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 466 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 105.7 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 105.7 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 557.0²) = 1.136 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.136 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 54.631 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 54.631 / 1000 = 198.64 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 198.64 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 454 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 198.64 × (557.0 - 0.4518 × 54.631) / 1000 = 105.7 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 454 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T16 (603 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


299/321
SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.2 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 65.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 65.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.39 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.39 + 0.01 = 0.40 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 65.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 65.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.39 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.390 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:1600 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 18.1 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
300/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.11 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.11 + 0.00 = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 18.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 18092 × 600.0 / 97647003 = 0.11
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.478 + 0.60 × (-50.2 / 180000.0) × 0.11 = 0.478 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.478 × √[1 + -50.2 / (180000.0 × 0.48)] = 0.478 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.108 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 3 (B:4750 mm E:6800 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 59.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


301/321
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 557.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 59.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.35 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.35 + 0.00 = 0.36 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 58.3 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 58.3 × 1000 / (300.0 × 557.0) = 0.35 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 603 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.36 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 557.0 = 0.718
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.921 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.36}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 58287 × 600.0 / 7187001 = 4.87 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.478 + 0.60 × (-105.1 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.478 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.478 × √[1 + -105.1 / (180000.0 × 0.48)] = 0.478 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.349 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 6800.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 557.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 12.2
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 111.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 479 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 603 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
302/321
- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 479) / (3 × 603)} × (1 / 1.00) = 243.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 243.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (111.4 × 1000000 / (300 × 557.0²)))}
= 1.48 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 557.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 557.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.48 × 1.06) / 12.2 = 2.57
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: G/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 35.0 9.4
2 1 Column 31.7 8.2
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM 2B18(300x600)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA


Beam Located along grid H/4-1
Number of Span within beam = 3
Number of Section defined by user = 3
Number of Supports = 4
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.

Section Dimension Data


Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1 1600 300 600 600
2 2 3150 300 600 600
3 3 2050 300 600 600

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²

BEAM 2B18(300x600) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
303/321
LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 1.5 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.5 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.016 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.016 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.724 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 0.724 / 1000 = 2.63 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 2.63 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 7 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 2.63 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.724) / 1000 = 1.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.2 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.2 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.002 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.002 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.113 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 0.113 / 1000 = 0.41 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 0.41 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 1 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 0.41 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.113) / 1000 = 0.2 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 2.5 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.5 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.027 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.027 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.236 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


304/321
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 1.236 / 1000 = 4.49 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 4.49 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 11 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 4.49 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.236) / 1000 = 2.5 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.037 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.037 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.689 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 1.689 / 1000 = 6.14 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 6.14 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 15 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 6.14 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.689) / 1000 = 3.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 32.9 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 32.9 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.351 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.351 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.395 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 16.395 / 1000 = 59.61 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 59.61 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 137 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 59.61 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 16.395) / 1000 = 32.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.006 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.006 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


305/321
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.273 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 0.273 / 1000 = 0.99 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 0.99 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 3 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 0.99 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.273) / 1000 = 0.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 16.1 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.1 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.171 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.171 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 7.954 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 7.954 / 1000 = 28.92 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 28.92 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 67 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 28.92 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 7.954) / 1000 = 16.1 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:400 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 17.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 17.7 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.11 + 0.00 = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
306/321
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 18.4 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 18.4 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.110 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:400 mm E:1200 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 22.5 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 22.5 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.13 + 0.00 = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 22.5 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


307/321
Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 22.5 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.13 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.134 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:1200 mm E:1600 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 27.3 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.3 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 26.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 26.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


308/321
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.159 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 1600.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 2.9
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 1.5 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 235 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 339 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 235) / (3 × 339)} × (1 / 1.00) = 211.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 211.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (1.5 × 1000000 / (300 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.97 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.06) / 2.9 = 19.32
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B18(300x600) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 4.9 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 4.9 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.052 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.052 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 2.400 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 2.400 / 1000 = 8.73 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 8.73 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 20 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
309/321
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 8.73 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 2.400) / 1000 = 4.9 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 55.3 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 55.3 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.590 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.590 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 27.856 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 27.856 / 1000 = 101.29 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 101.29 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 232 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 101.29 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 27.856) / 1000 = 55.3 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.033 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.033 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.502 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 1.502 / 1000 = 5.46 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 5.46 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 13 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 5.46 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.502) / 1000 = 3.0 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 32.8 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 32.8 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.350 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.350 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 16.343 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 16.343 / 1000 = 59.42 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 59.42 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 136 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 59.42 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 16.343) / 1000 = 32.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


310/321
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.038 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.038 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.760 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 1.760 / 1000 = 6.40 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 6.40 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 15 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 6.40 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.760) / 1000 = 3.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


311/321
Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)
Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

No tension force within span from 3D analysis, tension reinforcement for beam is not required

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:788 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 39.9 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 39.9 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.24 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.24 + 0.00 = 0.24 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 39.2 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 39.2 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.23 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.233 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


312/321
LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE
(B:788 mm E:2363 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 33.6 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 33.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.20 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.20 + 0.00 = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 33.6 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 33.6 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.200 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:2363 mm E:3150 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 24.0 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


313/321
Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm
Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.14 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.14 + 0.00 = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 24.0 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.0 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.14 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.143 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 3150.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 5.6
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 55.3 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 235 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 339 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
314/321
fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 235) / (3 × 339)} × (1 / 1.00) = 211.5 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 211.5) / (120 × (0.9 + (55.3 × 1000000 / (300 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.03 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 2.00 × 1.06) / 5.6 = 9.81
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM 2B18(300x600) SPAN NO. 3

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)
Design Bending Moment = 2.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 2.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.026 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.026 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.201 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 1.201 / 1000 = 4.37 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 4.37 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 10 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 4.37 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.201) / 1000 = 2.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 59.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 59.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.635 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.635 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 30.036 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 30.036 / 1000 = 109.21 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 109.21 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 250 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 109.21 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 30.036) / 1000 = 59.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 250 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.7 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 2 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
315/321
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 0 = 235 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 249 + 2 = 251 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 3.6 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 3.6 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.039 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.039 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 1.789 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 1.789 / 1000 = 6.51 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 6.51 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 15 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 6.51 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 1.789) / 1000 = 3.6 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.7 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 2 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 0 = 235 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 2 = 236 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


316/321
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.7 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 2 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 0 = 235 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 2 = 236 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 1.4 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 1.4 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.015 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.015 <= 4.691

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam


Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 0.683 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 300 × 0.683 / 1000 = 2.48 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 2.48 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 6 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 2.48 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 0.683) / 1000 = 1.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²


Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)


Design Bending Moment = 0.0 kNm Width, b = 300.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (300.0 × 559.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 300.0 × 600.0 = 234 mm²

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 234 mm²

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.7 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 0 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 2 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 0 = 235 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 234 + 2 = 236 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)


Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN


Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 0.7 kN

Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 0.7 × 10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION


LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:513 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
317/321
Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 24.4 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 24.4 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.15 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.15 + 0.00 = 0.15 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 27.5 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.5 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 27542 × 600.0 / 49494986 = 0.33
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.394 + 0.60 × (-713.7 / 180000.0) × 0.33 = 0.393 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.394 × √[1 + -713.7 / (180000.0 × 0.39)] = 0.392 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.164 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE


(B:513 mm E:1538 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 27.5 kN

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


318/321
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 27.5 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.16 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.16 + 0.00 = 0.16 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 33.7 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 33.7 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.20 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 33742 × 600.0 / 18086874 = 1.12 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.394 + 0.60 × (-713.7 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.392 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.394 × √[1 + -713.7 / (180000.0 × 0.39)] = 0.392 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.201 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT


(B:1538 mm E:2050 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm


Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 36.8 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 300 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 236 mm

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


319/321
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 29 - 6 = 536 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 236 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 536 mm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 300.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm


Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 36.8 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.22 N/mm²

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3


Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.22 + 0.00 = 0.22 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5


Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 536.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 536.0 / 550 = 4.27 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.27 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3


Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 36.1 kN


Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 36.1 × 1000 / (300.0 × 559.0) = 0.22 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²


- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.20 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.20}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.39 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 36085 × 600.0 / 4411463 = 4.91 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as 1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.394 + 0.60 × (-713.7 / 180000.0) × 1.00 = 0.392 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.394 × √[1 + -713.7 / (180000.0 × 0.39)] = 0.392 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²


νss = 0.215 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 300) / (0.95 × 220) = 0.573 mm²/mm

Shear Reinforcement Provided : 2R6-175 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)


Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.646 mm²/mm > 0.573 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN


Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 26.0
Span Length, l = 2050.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 3.7
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 59.6 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 251 mm²
License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1
320/321
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 339 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 339 mm²

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997


- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8


fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 251) / (3 × 339)} × (1 / 1.00) = 226.8 N/mm²

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7


MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 226.8) / (120 × (0.9 + (59.6 × 1000000 / (300 × 559.0²)))}
= 1.91 <= 2.0

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9


MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 339 / (300.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5

New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (26.0 × 1.91 × 1.06) / 3.7 = 14.38
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE


Current Beam Grid Mark: H/4-1

Beam Support Reactions


Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 4 Column 2.1 0.1
2 3 Column 11.4 -0.1
3 2 Column 12.6 -0.1
4 1 Column 3.2 0.1

License Number: Timer-SN111-C0-1


321/321

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