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Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
1
AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
2
AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Copyright Materials
This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution,
display and use of the presentation without written permission of AISC is prohibited.
Course Description
Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
This webinar will present tips for avoiding costly doubler and stiffener detailing,
along with good engineering practices that can make a big difference in the success
of projects. The webinar will present a relative cost comparison between using
stiffeners and doublers versus increasing member sizes. The latest requirements
regarding doubler and stiffener design responsibilities will also be presented.
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
3
AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Learning Objectives
• List locations within a building structure where stiffener and doubler plates
are utilized.
• Describe the cost implications of using stiffener and doubler plate details
versus using larger member sizes.
• Describe how the responsibility of stiffener and doubler detailing is assigned
on the project using guidelines provided in the 2016 AISC Code of Standard
Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges. Explain how to communicate design
responsibility in the contract documents.
• Explain how to properly design stiffener and doubler plates according to the
2016 AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings.
Stiffeners and
Doublers
Oh My!
Carol Drucker, S.E., P.E., P.Eng.
Drucker Zajdel Structural Engineers, Inc.
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
What is a Doubler?
• A doubler is a plate at a member web used to reinforce a
section for the required load
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
What is a Doubler?
• A doubler plate is typically used to reinforce a column web
panel zone
B B
A
Stiffeners
A
Doublers
Doublers
• Other common applications a
– Coped beam web shear connections
– Chevron connections
– Truss Connections
a
b b
See
Blodgett,
Figure 41
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Why Doublers?
• Coped Beam to Girder w
– Shear Yielding, Shear Rupture
– Block Shear
– Flexural Yielding, Flexural Rupture
– Flexural Buckling
– See Spec Part J and Manual Chapter 9 l
Capacity
V+
v(t)(dz)
dz
V (Q )
fv
I (t )
t
See Salmon and Johnson,
t Steel Structures Design and Behavior
Element Shear Stress
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
V (Q ) V
fv f avg
I (t ) ( d )(tw )
Shear In a Member
• Shear Flow at Top Edge of Doubler
V (Q )
fv
I (t )
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Doubler Configurations
• Doubler configurations commonly used:
Prepped, Flush, and Offset
• For flush doublers: use (1) doubler if
thickness < 1/2” to 5/8”.
• Doubler hierarchy (flush and prepped
Prep and
configurations): Fillet Weld
Flush
Doublers
• Design Guide 13
N1 ENCROACHMENT OF
Kdet WEB DOUBLER PLATE Kdet ENCROACHMENT
INTO COLUMN FILLET OF WEB
PER 15th ED MANUAL DOUBLER PLATE
FIGURE 10-3 INTO COLUMN
FILLET PER 15th
GROOVE WELD MAY BE teff AT TOE ED MANUAL
BEVEL, IF
A NON-PREQUALIFIED OF FILLET FIGURE 10-3
REQUIRED
DETAIL (SEE DG13
SECTION 4.4.3)
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Doubler Prep
• Design Guide 13
0.6 Fy (treq )
Dmin
1.392
(tdp clip )
Dreq max( Dmin , wmin (16))
x (tdp clip )
x t req (tdp clip ) 2 2 treq 2 2(tdp clip ) wmin
plates edges
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
*AWS D1.8/D1.8M Clause 4.3: Decreased groove angle (a) and decreased root (R)
require 3 macroetch test
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
tfc tfc
DOUBLER MAY DOUBLER MAY
ENCROACH INTO ENCROACH INTO
kdet kdet
COLUMN FILLET COLUMN FILLET
BY ENCR. BY AISC BY ENCR. BY AISC WELD PER AWS
ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE D1.8 CLAUSE 4.3
AMOUNT AMOUNT
a
20.0° 20.0°
TO 30°
PJP WELD NO TESTING PJP WELD NO TESTING REQUIRED. PJP WELD NO TESTING
REQUIRED PREPARE A WELD PROCEDURE REQUIRED PER D1.8
SPECIFICATION (WPS) AND CLAUSE 4.3
CONFIRM FULL PENETRATION
Rweld=(0.75)(0.6)(Fexx )(E) Rweld= FULL SHEAR STRENGTH Rweld= FULL SHEAR STRENGTH
Shear In a Member
• Exceptions at Chevron
y/2
MIN
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Shear In a Member
• Exceptions at Chevron
Doubler Extension
• Doubler Extension
EXT
EXT
EXT
EXT
EXT
EXT = 2.5 kdes (6" MAX) EXT = 2.5 kdes (6" MAX) EXT = 3 kdes + t p (6" MAX)
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
EXT
EXT
EXT
W-SHAPED W-SHAPED W-SHAPED
BEAM BEAM BEAM
EXT
EXT
EXT
COLUMN COLUMN COLUMN
A
Column Web
Stiffener Stiffener
Doubler
Section A-A
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
High Seismic
( d z wz )
Weld not required t Eq. E3-7
• Doubler Termination 90
except if Eq E3-7 is not
satisfied by both column
web alone and doubler
Develop 75% of the
plate alone (to limit
shear yielding strength
buckling of the doublers)
A of doubler
A
Column Web
Stiffener Stiffener
Doubler
Section A-A
Continuous Doublers
• Doubler Termination E3.6f.2(c): Connect
for lesser of:
- Sum of stiffener tensile
Size weld for 50% of
strength
the stiffeners
- Available shear
unbalanced force
strength of stiffener
A - Available shear
strength of doubler
A Column Web
Doubler
Stiffener Stiffener
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Cost of Doublers
• Rule of Thumb (Per Seismic Design
Manual): Upsizing columns between
50 to 100 lb/ft might still be more
cost effective than installing doubler
plates and continuity plates.
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Cost of Doublers
tST , TYP
A
A
• LRFD, Grade 50 Plates W24x55 W24x55
BEAM BEAM
• W14x90 Column
• W24x55 Moment Connected Beams
• M = 350 kip-ft NOTES:
– 1/2” stiffeners required 1. GR50 STEEL
– 1/2” doubler required 2. 14 FT FLOOR-TO-FLOOR
(#) tDB
• Upsize to W14x109 Column COLUMN
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
CJP
• Misleading Information:
– No loads given
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Mc
Panel Zone,
h
Doublers if Vc
Required
Vc
Vp = Panel Zone Shear
= Pf1 + Pf2 - Vc Shear Moment
Vc
Mc
Mc
Vc
Shear Moment
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
• Best to Have
– Break Down of Beam DL, LL, and Lateral Moments
– Column Axial Load
Deflected Shape
Joint
moments
Typ.
Lateral Gravity
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Deflected Shape
Joint
moments
Typ.
Lateral Gravity
• Sum of beam
moments can not
exceed sum of
column moment
strengths
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
• At top of column,
sum of beam
moments can not
exceed column
moment strength
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
1 ½” Stiffeners on a
W14x90 Column
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Vn (0.6 Fy AwCv1 )
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Vg V=Pf (dm)/x1
Vg
Vg
M
V=Pf (dm)/x1 x
0.5Vg 0.5Vg
h h Fy W-SHAPED
2.24 E / Fy t = BEAM
t 381
h d c 2 kdes
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
W-SHAPED
h Fy BEAM
t 1993 LRFD, Section F2
418
wz d c 2 tcf
Where:
t = thickness of column web
or individual doubler
COLUMN
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
( d z wz )
t W-SHAPED
90 BEAM
dz
Where:
t = thickness of column web
+ thickness of individual doublers
Moment Connections
• Consider load
path and
equilibrium
Panel Zone
Shear
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
• Stiffener Plates
B B
Stiffeners A
A
Doublers
Stiffeners
• Other Common Applications
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
• Other Common Applications
Stiffeners
• Stiffeners, Spec J10.8
B B
– Minimum width, b:
bf
bf
twc
b
b
3 2
twc
– Minimum thickness, t:
tf Section B-B
t
2
b
t
16
Where: tf (thickness) and bf (width) are for the element delivering the force
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
• Limiting Stiffener Slenderness
– Minimum width, t > b/16:
Simply
• For plates with one free edge:
2
Supported
t
cr 0.769 Dx D y 0.270( Dxy D yx ) 1.712Gt
b
bs
Dx 8, 000 ksi Dxy 16, 000 ksi Fixed Free
D y 31, 000 ksi Gt 2, 400 ksi
x
cr 33 ksi y
bs Simply
15.2 16
ts cr Supported
Reference: Welded Interior Beam-to-Column Connections, AISC
Stiffeners
• Stiffeners, Seismic Provisions
– Minimum width, b:
B B
bf
t
b wc
2 2
– Minimum thickness, t:
tf
bf
2
3t f
t Two sided connections
twc
4
Section B-B
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
• Stiffeners
– Minimum Length
• AISC 360-16 Specification Section J10:
– Transverse stiffeners shall extend a minimum of
one-half the depth of the member except as
required in Section J10.3 (WC)*, J10.5(WB), and
J10.7(Unframed ends of beams not restrained
against rotation about their longitudinal axis)
ds
*To satisfy web crippling strength, ½-depth
stiffener increased to ¾-depth in the 15th
Edition based on EJ 4th Qtr, 2015, Crippling of
Webs with Partial-Depth Stiffeners under Patch
Loading, by Salkar, et al
Stiffeners
• Stiffeners
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
• Stiffener Clips
Fig C-J10.8:
• k-area (1-1/2” from k) is area of potentially Recommended placement
lower notch toughness in rotary- of stiffener fillet welds to
straightened W-Shapes, see Commentary avoid contact with “k-area”
J10.8
Can reduce to ¾”
at flanges for
• Tests show a corner clip of 1-1/2” with additional weld
fillets stopped short by (1) weld size can length
avoid this problem Fig C-J10.7:
Representative “k-area” of
wide-flange shape
67
Stiffeners
• Seismic Stiffener clips
– Seismic Provisions:
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners/Continuity Plates
• Flange Welds
Stiffeners/Continuity Plates
• Web Welds
– Design Guide 13
• Weld for unbalanced stiffener force
FILLET
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners/Continuity Plates
• Stiffener Design
– AISC Specification Chapter J
Pstiffener = Pf – minimum Rn LRFD
Pstiffener = Pf – minimum Rn/ ASD
W-SHAPED
Rn is the minimum nominal strength for BEAM
the applicable limit states
COLUMN
Stiffener Design
• Flange Local Bending
– AISC Specification Section J10.1, Eq. Load
J10-1 width
Rn 6.25 Fyf t 2f
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
lb
5kdes+lb
1
• Web Local Yielding
– AISC Specification Section J10.2 2.5
W14x90 COL
lb = bearing length, in. W24x55 BEAM
Stiffeners
• Web Local Crippling
– AISC Specification Section J10.3
1.5 Spec Equation J10-4, Force
EF t
l tw yw f
Rn 0.80t 1 3 b
2
w Qf applied distance > d/2 from
d tf tw end of member
1.5
EF t Spec Equation J10-5a, Force
l tw yw f
Rn 0.40t 1 3 b
2
w Qf applied distance < d/2 from
d tf tw end of member, lb/d<0.2
1.5
EF t
4l t yw f Spec Equation J10-5b, Force
Rn 0.40t w2 1 b 0.2 w Qf applied distance < d/2 from
d t
f t w end of member, lb/d>0.2
0.75 (LRFD) 2.00 (ASD)
See Section J10.3 for Qf definition
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners
• Web Compression Buckling
– AISC Specification Section J10.5,
Eq. J10-8
24tw3 EFyw
Rn Qf
h
0.90 (LRFD) 1.67 (ASD)
– Applicable to double-concentrated
forces at the same location
W14x90 COL
– Reduce Rn by 50% if force is W24x55 BEAM W24x55 BEAM
applied less than d/2 from end of
column
Stiffeners
See Spec
• Web Compression Buckling Appendix
Section 6.2.2 for
– Equation J10.8 developed from point
point bracing
loads and restrained flanges
(nodal bracing)
– If lb/d > approximately 1, Use required strength
Chapter E and stiffness
– See Chapter C and Appendix 6 for
Stability
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners/Continuity Plates
• Stiffener Design
COLUMN
Stiffener Eccentricity
• DG13 which references testing by Graham,
et al (1959), indicates stiffeners with 2”
eccentricity, e, are 65% effective, reduced
linearly:
Rn_emax = 0.65 Rn
e = 2" MAX
stiffeners
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
3 Equation J10-7,
Cr t w3 t f h / t w
Compression Flange not
Rn 0.4
h 2 Lb / b f restrained, applicable if
(h/tw)/(Lb/bf)<1.7
AISC Commentary,
0.85 (LRFD) 1.76 (ASD) Fig.C-J10.2 Web
• Compression flange braced, tension flange unbraced sidesway buckling
• Lb = largest laterally unbraced section along either
flange at the point of load.
tst
Web Buckling - Girders
• Additional Stiffener Requirements for
Beam and Girder Flange(s)
tw
• beff = 25 tw at interior
12 tw at ends of members
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
W27x94 W27x94
ML2 = 220 kip-ft
ME2 = 690 kip-ft
81
Stiffeners and Doublers
Stiffeners if
required
W14x176
W27x94 W27x94
Panel Zone,
Doubler if
Required
82
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
41
AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Pfl1 Pfl2
Mu
Pfl Flange Plate
d t pl
W14x176 COL
Mu Directly welded
Pfl
d t fb W27x94 BEAM W27x94 BEAM
84
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
M1
Pfl Pfl 1 Pfl 2 Pfl1 Pfl2
d b tf b
1070 kip-ft
26.9in. - 0.745 in.
W14x176 COL
491kips
W27x94 BEAM W27x94 BEAM
85
Stiffeners and Doublers
Note : lb t fb
86
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
1.5
2 lb t wc EFyc t fc
Rwc 0.80t 1 3
dc t fc
wc
t wc
1.5
2
0.745in. 0.830 in. 29000 ksi 50 ksi 1.31in.
0.75(0.80) 0.830 in. 1 3
15.2 in. 1.31 in. 0.830in.
672 kips Pfl 491kips o.k.
Note : lb t fb
87
Stiffeners and Doublers
24t w3 c EFyc
Rwb Qf
h
3
24 0.83in. 29000 ksi 50 ksi W27x94 BEAM W27x94 BEAM
(0.90) (1.0)
11.4 in.
1305 kips Pfl 491kips o.k.
88
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners Required
89
Stiffeners and Doublers
396
41.5
1310
483
Rn Pwo Pwilb
kips
396 kips 41.5 0.745in.
in.
427 kips Pfl 491kips n.g.
Stiffeners Required
90
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
91
Stiffeners and Doublers
396
41.5
1310
483
Rn Pwb
1310 kips Pfl 491kips o.k.
92
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Stiffeners Required
93
Stiffeners and Doublers
94
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
bst
• Determine Minimum Stiffener Width per
Snip
AISC’s Specification, Section J10.8
*Note: Use bpl in lieu of b fb if moment connection plate delivering the load
95
Stiffeners and Doublers
bst 7 in.
tst min 0.438in. Controls
16 16
tfb 0.745 in.
tst min 0.373 in. (See Note below)
2 2
• Try a 1/2” Stiffener
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
bst
• Check Minimum Thickness Due to Tension Yielding
– AISC Specification Section J10.8
Snip
twc
snip max(k det c tfc, k 1c ,1.5 in.)
2
0.83 in.
max(2.625 in. 1.31 in., 1.625 in. ,1.5 in.)
2
1.5 in.
Pst
tst min
Fyp (bst snip )
32 kips
0.90(50 ksi)(7 in. 1.5 in.)
= 0.129 in. 0.5 in. o.k. *Note: Can reduce snip at flange if needed.
97
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
bst
• Check Minimum Thickness Due to Compression Buckling
– AISC Specification Section E3 0.90
50 ksi
Fyp
Fcr 0.658 Fe Fyp 0.658 66.6 ksi 50 ksi 36.5 ksi (E3-2)
Fcr 0.90(36.5 ksi) = 32.9 ksi
Rearrange Pn FcrAg to Solve for tst min (E3-1)
Pst
tst min
Fcr (bst ) *Note: Buckling limit state included for example purposes.
32 kips
(32.9 ksi)(7 in.)
= 0.139 in. 0.5 in. o.k.
99
Stiffeners and Doublers
65 22.0 33.0
66 21.8 32.7
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American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Lwf
Lww
• Weld Design of Stiffener to Column
– AISC Specification Section J2
Snip
0.928 ASD
1.392 LRFD
Pst 32 kips
D min fl = 1.39 (16th of an inch)
(2) Lwf (1.5) 1.392(2)(5.5 in.)(1.5)
102
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
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104
Stiffeners and Doublers
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American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
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105
Stiffeners and Doublers
hcol 15 ft
M M2 Vc
Vc 1
hcol
1070 kip - ft + 534 kip - ft Pfd1 Pfd2
15 ft Vp
M1 M2
107 kips
Vc
Vc
Shear 106
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
107
Stiffeners and Doublers
108
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Vd Vp Rn
629 kips 341 kips
288 kips
W27x94 BEAM W27x94 BEAM
Number of Doublers, nd = 1
Panel Zone,
Doubler
W14x176 COL
Required
109
Stiffeners and Doublers
For, Cv = 1.0
110
Stiffeners and Doublers
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Vd (Cv )
td min 2
(0.6)( Fyp )(dc )( nd )
288 kips(1.0)
(1.00)(0.6)(50 ksi )(15.2 in.)(1)
0.632 in.
111
Stiffeners and Doublers
td min 3
0.5Vconn ' x 1.00
(0.6)( Fyp )( Ld )
0.5(0 kips)
td min 3 0.0 in. Vconn’x
1.00(0.6)(50 ksi)(26.9 in. - 0.745 in. - 0.5 in.)
Where : Ld length of doubler db tfb ts
Copyright © 2018
American Institute of Steel Construction
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AISC Live Webinar Stiffeners and Doublers – Oh My!
July 12, 2018
Lwf
Lww
Pst 1 Pst 2 Ref Spec Eq (J4-3)
td min 4
(0.6)( Fyp )( Lww )(2) Snip
Pst1 Pst2
32 kips + 0 kips
(1.00)(0.6)(50 ksi)(9.6 in.)(2)
0.056 in. < 3/4" o.k.
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Stiffeners and Doublers
Rearrange Rn 0.6 FypAgv to Solve for tst min Ref (J4-3)
Pst 1 Pst 2
tst min
(0.6) Fyp (lst 2( snip))
32 kips 0 kips
1.00(0.6)(50 ksi)(12.6 in. 2(1.5 in.))
= 0.111 in. 0.5 in. o.k.
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Stiffeners and Doublers
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Lwf
– 8. Column Stiffener Weld
Lww
• Stiffener Weld to Doubler Horizontal Edge and Column Web
for unbalanced stiffener force Snip
Lww lst 2 snip 12.6 in. - (2)1.5 in. = 9.6 in.
0.928 ASD
1.392 LRFD DOUBLER
COL. WEB
1/4
Pst 1 Pst 2
D min web STIFFENER 1/4
TYP
(2)( Lww)
32 kips+ 0 kips
1.392(2)(9.6 in.)
= 1.20 (16th of an inch) < 4 (16th of an inch), use 1/4” Fillet Weld o.k.
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Stiffeners and Doublers
Lww
– Weld Design of Stiffener to Column
– AISC Specification Section J2
Snip
Check plate and column web thicknesses for weld size 0.75
(2)( D min) 1.392(2)(1.20)
tst min 0.114 in. < tst = 0.5 in. o.k.
(0.6) Fup 0.75(0.6)(65 ksi)
(2)( D min) 1.392(2)(1.20) < twc = 0.83 in. o.k.
twc min 0.114 in.
(0.6) Fuc 0.75(0.6)(65 ksi)
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W27x94 W27x94
W14x176
COLUMN
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Stiffeners and Doublers
Conclusion
• Doublers are required to resist shear forces exceeding the panel zone shear strength
• Increasing the column size to eliminate stiffeners and doublers can be cost effective
• Stiffeners (also known as continuity plates) are required to resist applied loads
greater than the local strength of the supporting member
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Questions?
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