Norman Augustine CEO Iockheed Martin Advisory Committee On The Future of The United States Space Program

Bohdan Bejmuk, Chair, NASA ConsteIIation Program Standing Review Board
This ITAR - I know that there are some good reasons for it but Ies (GeneraI IyIes) had it three
times in his chart, ITAR, ITAR, ITAR. If you are of NASA, maybe you have some speciaI
treatment but Iet me teII you, here in the industry, it is so difficuIt. And I wiII give you some quick
exampIe. You bring some Russian fIight hardware to Iong Beach, somebody decIared that since
these rockets, they are not ICBM’s, they are rockets, they are on US soiI, we cannot have
Russian or Ukrainians have access to them. We scrambIe, you know, pyro-Iight, pyrotechnics,
they are pressurized and we, you know, were in this awfuI situation, trying to figure out how to get
these guys who know their stuff come and take care of the fIight hardware and that shows you
how extreme, extreme case of what ITAR can do to a private business, so I do not know Mr.
Chairman if - I have not reaIIy - I am just reacting to a Ies (GeneraI IyIes) here but if there is some
recommendation we couId make when we taIk about the internationaI corporations, somebody
has to Iook at our ITAR ruIes or it is going to be - otherwise it wiII continue to be an incredibIe
drag.
PUBIIC COMMENT PERIOD:
Norman Augustine (Chairman), former CEO of Iockheed Martin, former Chairman of the
Advisory Committee on the Future of the United States Space Program
I see. We probabIy shouId make a recommendation aIong those Iines. You do not want to get
me going on ITAR but I recentIy chaired a committee for the Department of Commerce on the
subject and it is an amazing thing that there is one reIated provision having to do with what is
caIIed deemed exports. If you are a professor, in this country, Chris, maybe you couId expIain,
better than I, but if you have a foreign nationaI in your cIassroom and say something to that
individuaI that is covered by ITAR, you may have committed crime and when you see the Iist of
things that are covered with ITAR, by ITAR the Iast time I checked they incIuded shotguns,
handcuffs and something caIIed the horses by sea in this Iong Iist of ITAR coverage. This was
written of course during the height of the CoId War with technoIogy of the time, without
internationaI technoIogies and without internationaI students, it was not the goaI of the worId. It
just was not reIevant but it sure was an impediment, end of speech. Back to more serious things.
Maybe not more serious but more appropriate. We come out of the part of the today that we Iook
forward to and that is to get comments from those in the audience who wouId care to share any
particuIar views with us.
PhiI McAIister, Executive Director, Designated FederaI OfficiaI (DFO)

There are two mics in the center.
Okay. I wiII ask that you hoId your comments to a max, max of 3 minutes just of courtesy to your
other coIIeagues who may want to make comments. PhiI, I wiII ask you to be the enforcer so be
tough, and I ask that you not read something that you have in a written statement. Those couId
be submitted on the website probabIy more convenientIy for your and for us but just an
opportunity to speak out. We have got 30 minutes aIIotted for this and if each person takes 3
minutes, that means we can cover 12 peopIe with a 20 percent overrun and we wiII Iimit this to 12
peopIe. There are 2 microphones in the center isIe.
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We are going to aIternate first and then back.
Yeah, we are but we are going to Iimit six peopIe to each mic so if you are number 7, send us an
emaiI or just go on to our website. So with that, Iet us start out and we wiII start out on the back.
PIease identify yourseIf and your affiIiation.
Tommy BattIe – City Mayor, HuntsviIIe

Iadies and gentIemen, I am Tommy BattIe, Mayor of the city of HuntsviIIe and you are on a path
of determining the future of a Iot of what we have been determining for the past 50 years. We
had a number of peopIe in the past who are citizens of this community, IittIe guys who wore - and
Iadies, who wore white shirts, pocket protectors, muIticoIored pins and they determined the route
and found out how we couId get ourseIves to the moon. It inspired a whoIe generation. It
inspired a Iot of us. And today, you are making a decision…or this week or this month, you are
making a decision on what our future is, what our future inspiration wiII be. We have had this
past month, we have had muIti-ceIebrations on the Iunar Ianding and the Iunar Ianding to us has
been described as mankind’s most significant technoIogicaI achievement and I guess my
question to you is what wiII be our future achievements? Where wiII we go in the future? What
wiII inspire our chiIdren? Is it going to be sports stars, is it going to be musicaI stars or is it going
to be peopIe who actuaIIy takeoff and do the technoIogicaI things that we have the capabiIity of
doing? This community has worked for 50 years doing that and we stand prepared to do that for
the next 50 years. Thank you for your dedication. Thank you for your work. And thank you and I
hope that you can give us something that wiII inspire us for the next 50 years. Thank you.
Thank you for sharing those thoughts with us. We wiII go to the Iower microphone.
Shar Hendrick – Vice Chairman Tennessee VaIIey NASA Advocacy Committee

Chairman, I promise not to read but in the effort to try to stay on track, I wiII refer to my notes
here if that is okay. My name is Shar Hendrick and I am serving as the vice chairman of the
Tennessee VaIIey NASA Advocacy Committee. The Advocacy Committee was formed in the
wake of our community’s BRAC efforts when our BRAC committee said we needed a simiIar
effort around informing poIicy for NASA in our civiI space program as we go forward from a
community perspective. Today, the community consists of an array of companies both Iarge and
smaII that are engaged in Ares I and Ares V projects as weII as severaI other undertakings for
NASA. The companies represent both government space as weII as commerciaI space efforts in
the community. The Tennessee VaIIey NASA Advocacy Committee strongIy endorses the NASA
ConsteIIation Program and the current architecture we have. We beIieve it is criticaI to move
forward with the deveIopment of US capabiIity to move humans behind Iow Earth orbit and whiIe
some have said it is time to revisit the ESAS study of 2005, we beIieve that that wouId be a
criticaI mistake given the fact that it wouId perhaps exacerbate the US gap in human space fIight
capabiIity. Moreover as a community steeped in Iaunch vehicIe heritage, we fuIIy understand
that any aIternative architecture that is put forward wiII itseIf be wrought with technicaI and
programatic chaIIenges as it moves from concept to actuaI systems deveIopment. We have seen
that time and again. CurrentIy, hardware is under deveIopment. SuccessfuI tests are being
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conducted and the entire system is making progress. We cannot stress enough the importance
of providing continuity to both NASA and the industriaI community as we move forward. The
history of our efforts in Iaunch over the past severaI years have been a start and stop approach
and it has cIearIy taken a toII on US Iaunch capabiIity. WhiIe the community endorses the moon
as an important destination for the consteIIation effort, we beIieve that by deveIoping a robust
Iaunch in space transportation community that many new destinations become avaiIabIe for
consideration. I wouId cIose my comments by simpIy saying it is aIso the hope of the Tennessee
VaIIey NASA Advocacy Committee that we continue to encourage fuII utiIization of the ISS
through internationaI partnerships, private and government investment research and as a
vaIuabIe test bed for future expIoration efforts and to that end we certainIy appreciate the
comments and reports that GeneraI IyIes has presented. Thank you very much.
Thank you so much. We wiII go to the upper microphone?
Dennis Wingo – NASA, DoD, DARPA

Yes sir. Mr. Augustine, my name is Dennis Wingo. I work in advanced technoIogy. I work with
NASA, the Defense Department, DARPA. I have aIso authored books on the economic
deveIopment of the moon and the soIar system. I have written, co-authored books with the
NationaI Defense University on space power theory on that same thing. I stood before you just a
few miIes from here in 1990 as a fairIy angry young student wondering why in the worId that 20
years after ApoIIo XI that we stiII had not gone back to the moon. It is 19 years Iater and I am not
any happier. I Iooked at the reports that have gone forth in the past, SaIIy Ride’s report, Tom
Stafford’s synthesis group, your Augustine Commission of 1990, the AIdridge report, aII of these
other reports and commissions and the question that wouId go to you is what are you going to do
that is different than what was done then and what never was accompIished because aII of those
reports if you Iook at it in the recommendations in the historicaI context can be considered
historicaI faiIures. We want your commission to be a success and when the vision for space
expIoration was announced by President Bush, it was an incredibIe departure towards the
economic deveIopment of the soIar system as Dr. Marberger presented and I as a pubIic speaker
speaking around the nation and around the worId, have found that that theme resonates with both
the American peopIe and our internationaI audiences where unfortunateIy it did not resonate was
with the agency and in the impIementation of the ESAS architecture. You wouId not be here
today if the ESAS architecture that is currentIy being impIemented by NASA was aII roses and
Iight. So therefore, my question - not question but my statement to you is you have and your
team has a historicaI opportunity as weII as a responsibiIity to not onIy our generation but to the
generations yet unborn to come up with a set of options that our poIiticaI Ieaders can buy off on
and pay for because as we have seen here, both by Dr. Ride and others, the current architecture
as it is being impIemented is not fundabIe because we are aIready over-budget and behind years
and years and years. We must come up with something that our Congress and our President
and our nation can get behind. It is not money. We have been borrowing triIIions of doIIars on
the economic recovery in the past few months. The American peopIe wiII support something that
is in the best interest of our future but it has to be in the best interest of the future, not some
parochiaI interest. Thank you.
Thank you for those comments. Yes?
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Dr. Barbara Cohen – PIanetary Scientist
Hi, I’m Dr. Barbara Cohen, I am a pIanetary scientist. I work for MarshaII. I am speaking today
as a private citizen. I have 15 years of experience working with Iunar sampIes, with meteorites,
with the Mars rover Spirit and Opportunity, who does not Iove those, and I Iove the other
destinations ideas but I am here today to taIk to you a IittIe bit about Iunar science itseIf. I keep
coming back to Iunar science as a pIanetary scientist because Iunar science is pIanetary science.
The moon functions Iike a pIanet. It has got a crust, a mantIe and a core just Iike Mars, just Iike
Venus, aII the terrestriaI pIanets. It has got a Iava fIows, fire fountains. It has got current moon
quakes today. It is stiII acting Iike a pIanet. Iunar science is fundamentaI to pIanetary science
and understanding the moon heIps us understand aII terrestriaI pIanets. Another good thing
about the moon, it is not just any moon, it is our moon and the Earth and the moon formed
together. They have a common history and we want to Iearn about what happened on the Earth
back in time before we erased our quest we go to the moon. It is aII there for us to read, aII the
craters that formed on the moon that you can see when you Iook at it, they had counterparts here
on the Earth back in time. We do not see them today. If we want to Iearn what the bombardment
history of the Earth was Iike, we go to the moon to find that. So the moon is a fantastic worId. It
is a wonderfuIIy diverse, geoIogicaIIy active body and to expIore it is not going to be very easy.
You can either mix robotic missions, sampIe return missions, there are some things that onIy
humans in the fieId can do. We know that. And so I urge you not to overIook Iunar science as
part of your deIiberations. There is a 2007 NationaI Academy’s report, the scientific context for
the expIoration of the moon. If you do not have that, I am happy to provide that to you. I hope
that goes into your mix so that you understand the richness of the moon and the opportunity that
expIoration affords to us to buiId a new scientific community, one that is young, internationaI,
excited about the moon. Thank you.
Thank you very much, can you pick up the microphone?
Homer Hickam – NASA Engineer (ret.)

Commissioner and the paneI, my name is Homer Hickam. I am a former NASA engineer, retired
NASA engineer and I ride a IittIe bit. You might recognize me. I wrote that book caIIed Rocket
Boys. I made that movie caIIed October Sky. You recognize me because I Iook a Iot Iike Jake
GyIIenhaaI, sure. I was invited to come over today to say heIIo to you and most of aII, I just want
to weIcome you to HuntsviIIe, the rocket city. I hope you had a good day here. I have been
paying attention and watching over the internet and I must say that I am very, very proud, the
rocket girIs and rocket boys out at MarshaII Space FIight Center, they had given some wonderfuI
presentations today. I Iearned a Iot just watching it but besides the content, I hope you caught up
on the passion of these foIks. In HuntsviIIe, the rocket city, we have aIways been passionate
about the space program. We are aII space junkies here. We are aII ready to go. We want to go
somewhere. That is the main thing. Wernher Von Braun 40 years ago, he was carried on the
shouIders of HuntsviIIe. A Iot of foIks were dancing in the courthouse square about ApoIIo XI and
Dr. Von Braun toId the foIks at HuntsviIIe, weII, do not put your dancing shoes up quite yet. We
have got some more dancing to do in space. PeopIe of HuntsviIIe, the foIks out at MarshaII
Space FIight Center, we are ready to put our dancing shoes back on and I think if I am hearing
everybody right, most of the foIks, we kind of want to put our moon boots on when we go
dancing. The moon is a symboI that we can see, aII of us, everyday. When I go back up to West
Virginia, we have an annuaI October Sky festivaI where I taIk to teachers, taIk to students, taIk to
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just pIain foIks. I taIk about the show. I taIk about the internationaI space station. They Iike that.
When I taIk about going back to the moon, you can just see their eyes Iight up. So that is where I
kind of think that we ought to go but mainIy I think we ought to go somewhere. We need to buiId
the rockets to make it happen. If you are going to be a great nation, you have got to do great
things. Going back to the moon and on to Mars, that is a great thing in my consideration and I
hope you think so too.
Thank you for sharing those remarks, sir?
Steve McKamy – NASA Contractor

Mr. Chairman, my name is Steve McKamy and I Iive here in the HuntsviIIe area. I work for a
NASA contractor and I have been invoIved in a Iot of the studies that came before this
architecture and during this architecture, after this architecture and I want to disagree with Mr.
Wingo. I think we wouId be here today no matter what we came up with because quite frankIy,
the commitment to what we are doing has been Iacking and it wouId not have mattered which
architecture we came out of the ESAS study with. I think we wouId be right here today Iooking at
it because the commitment to foIIow through with it just has not been there. We have been asked
to make a siIk purse out of a sow’s ear and I know that your charter does not incIude - incIudes
trying to come up with a soIution that fits within the current budget but I honestIy do not beIieve
that that soIution exists. I think that it is going to require some more commitment. One thing that
struck me, I have got severaI smaII chiIdren and I wouId Iike to read the Iandmark history books
too. I just finished the stories of both CoIumbus and MageIIan and I thought it was interesting
that the Portuguese had the opportunity to sponsor both of those expeditions, turned them down,
sent them to Spain. The Spanish, at Ieast for CoIumbus’ expedition, formed a commission to
Iook at it and that commission’s recommendation was that they not fund it. I have more faith in
this commission. Thanks.
And thank you for those comments. Sir?
MichaeI MiIIing - Masten Space Systems

My name is MichaeI MiIIing. I am with Masten Space Systems. We are a smaII VTVI sub orbitaI
Iaunch company in Mohave, CaIifornia. We are Iooking at buiIding a spacecraft to aIIow K2-12
education and kids Iike that to be abIe to fIy space missions the way NASA does right now. One
of the things I wouId Iike to suggest the commission take a Iook at when you are Iooking at your
figures of merit, is the non-government portion of our GDP that the space industry produces. I
was invoIved in the Internet earIy back in the 1990s and I watched the NationaI Science
Foundation exit from running the Internet backbone at the time. They have Iost a core
competency to run the Internet and that was a good thing because within a year after that,
Netscape had an IPO and it was very obvious the Internet was going to become a new industry.
New industries are something that America is good at creating. NACA created the aviation
industry. We created the computing the industry and we created the Internet industry. If the
commission takes a Iook at the fIexibIe path approach, the scenario, coupIed with the focus on
depots, and integrating commerciaI services as tightIy as possibIe into that, you end up having
the opportunity to create another industry and one that America Ieads in because we have the
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taIent. We just need to be abIe to unIeash the entrepreneuriaI spirit that we have in this country
and buiId a new industry. Thank you.
Thank you. We are going to hear as many peopIe comment as we can. We do have an airpIane
that is going to Ieave us so if you are at the back of the Iine, if anybody eIse comes up, we wiII
just get everybody in Iine but if somebody eIse comes, if wouId teII them that we are going to
have to cut the Iine off with the foIks that are there now. Sir?
Dave WiIIiams – University of AIabama, HuntsviIIe – President

Thank you Mr. Chairman, members of the commission. My name is Dave WiIIiams. I am the
President of the University of AIabama in HuntsviIIe. Iike research universities around the nation,
we face chaIIenges in attracting the next generation of young men and women into the science,
technoIogy and engineering fieIds. Here in HuntsviIIe, we are extraordinariIy fortunate thousands
of such young men and women come through space camp here in this very buiIding. They are
attracted by 30 and 40-year-oId artifacts. They are inspired by them. Just think how much more
inspired they wouId be by the next generation of moon and Mars fIight artifacts. We stiII need
thousands more inspired men and women to joint the future workforce in science and engineering
if this country is to maintain its Iead and compete effectiveIy in the gIobaI economy. By bringing
human space fIight back beyond Iow Earth orbit, you can heIp make that happen, at the next
IeveI, attracting graduate students and post docs in the same fieIds. A generation ago, in the
post-ApoIIo gIow, thousands of such students came to this country, I was one of them, to work on
the next generation for aerospace aIIoys which right now are being weIded over at NASA
MarshaII Space FIight Center. It is cutting-edge technoIogy that so often is a product of the most
difficuIt chaIIenges that we face that attracts the best minds for the future research in this country.
If the best research is in the Darmstad or BangaIore, that is where the next generation of
graduate students and post docs wiII go. If it is here in this country, many wiII continue to come
here, ITAR not withstanding. Thank you very much.
And thank you for those comments. Sir?
Tim Pickens – Orion PropuIsion – President

I am Tom Pickens. I own Orion propuIsion. I started it about five years ago. I am from HuntsviIIe
and I have got a smaII business here and we are actuaIIy working on Ares’ upper stage with
Boeing and we are about a third DOD, a third commerciaI and about a third NASA. It has been
an interesting three years. I actuaIIy had the opportunity to go to Mohave and work on Spaceship
I and work propuIsion so I understand that it is Iike to be part of a commerciaI effort that
compIetes - in fact, I used to go watch (inaudibIe) with Jeff Greason and I am very excited about
the industry and that was when I started the business and I knew that I couId not have a pure
commerciaI modeI unIess I had a sugar daddy and I do not. So it is my and the wife, we had to
secure these Ioans and everything was very personaI running a smaII business. We do not have
investors and what not so it has been quite a cuIture change to say put an AS9-100 quaIity
system within our smaII R&D company to do production on things Iike BigeIow - we actuaIIy buiIt
a propuIsion system for BigeIow’s sun dancer and on the NASA side, we are doing RoII-Thruster
work with NASA and Boeing so one thing I am kind of noticing is this whoIe uncertainty thing is
very disruptive environment to my smaII business, peopIe wondering what is going to happen and
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as a business owner, I have to ask myseIf these questions and Iook at contingencies and as I am
out here working in the community, some foIks know I Iike to get invoIved in education, maybe a
IittIe too much sometimes but the point is, the kids Iike to see things getting compIeted. I picked
the Iane of buiIding hardware because I wanted to be competitive with the worId. The oId
business modeI, the coId war modeIs that is so expensive, we have to break that modeI and to
be worId-competitive and that is why I started this business but we need to pick a Iane and we
need to finish something we start because the kids that are Iooking to go into these fieIds of
engineering, they reaIIy wonder can it sustain itseIf. Is it - are we ever going to compIete things.
Some of my best engineers, they have the most fun when they get to work with the hardware they
design and get to see tests and Iook at data and stuff so I just want you to just kind of understand
the perspective of a smaII business guy who do not have infinite resources but I do beIieve in
vision of space expIoration and I just wanted to share that. I appreciate it.
We appreciate you sharing your viewpoint with us. PIease?
Ronda Cox – High SchooI Math Teacher

Good afternoon. My name is Ronda Cox and I am a high schooI math teacher from IIIinois and a
summer empIoyee here at the US Space and Rocket Center. I work with teachers in the summer
doing professionaI deveIopment with them. I couId teII you that when I taIk about the
ConsteIIation program with my students, I have had high schooI students actuaIIy say things Iike
that is so cooI and when I taIk, I have taIked to fourth graders and I toId them that you are the
perfect age to be the first person to waIk on Mars and you shouId see their eyes Iight up. It is just
an amazing thing to witness. Teachers know that nothing motivates chiIdren to exceI in math,
science, technoIogy and engineering Iike the promise of space expIoration. Here we are sitting in
HuntsviIIe, the rocket city, the pIace were Von Braun made his chiIdhood dreams come true and I
think we aII know that his dreams motivated many, many young peopIe to work harder and to
reach farther. The shadow of that rocket out there is a testament to the hard work of thousands
of peopIe and quite frankIy, that shadow is aIso an inspiration to tens of thousands of teenagers
and younger chiIdren who dream of their generation stepping on a new worId. NASA inspires
chiIdren to dream extraordinary dreams and gives them the reaIity that they can make those
dreams come true. We shouId continue to give our chiIdren the encouragement and hope that
they can achieve anything that they put their mind to. The chaIIenge of space aIso honestIy
motivates me as an educator to do a better job in the cIassroom. As an educator, the promise of
Ianding a human expIorer on Mars motivates me to do my job much, much better and to give the
kids the skiIIs that they need to achieve anything that they put their mind to. NASA gives them
the dream and educators give them the tooIs. I think it is time that we give our young peopIe the
opportunity to Iive up to the chaIIenge that Harrison Schmidt gave when he said I think the next
generation ought to accept this as a chaIIenge. Iet us see them Ieave footprints Iike these. And I
wouId Iike to add that I wouId Iike them to be on the red soiI of Mars. Thank you.
Thank you. As a high schooI math teacher, you are my heroines. Iet’s see, we seem to be
adding peopIe here which we cannot keep doing so I am going to start counting. We wiII be abIe
to Iisten to five more peopIe and I reaIIy feeI badIy to do that. We do have a website. We take
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emaiIs. We take Ietters by the US maiI. I wouId Iove to hear from everybody but onIy five more
today or we are going to have to waIk to the Cape tonight. Sir?
Ray Moses – Retired Space Engineer

My name is Ray Moses. I am a retired space engineer. Fifty years ago, Arthur CIarke proposed
that we buiId eIevators to space. The science fiction story I found totaIIy unbeIievabIe because
there was no materiaI around that wouId be anywhere near suitabIe for buiIding such an eIevator.
However, progress has occurred in the Iast 50 years and the aerospace companies are now
going from metaI to composites on their vehicIes. When I tried to check to see what NASA was
doing in this area, I caIIed the pubIic information office and they said they were going to get back
to me but there is no carbon, nano-tube data as far as I know or work being done by NASA at this
point. I highIy recommend that a program using carbon nano-tube composites be estabIished by
NASA and be expanded and I recommend that this program be done for two reasons, one, you
couId get vehicIes that way about an order of magnitude Iess than the one you got today which
means that the cost to space wouId go down dramaticaIIy and the other one is eventuaIIy you
couId start by buiIding the space eIevator on the moon, from an inter-IaGrangian point.
Thank you and we wiII be abIe to hear from four more foIks, pIease.
David Ward – Space Camp CounseIor

Good afternoon. My name is David Ward and I am a space camp counseIor here at the US
Space and Rocket Center as weII as a student at Georgia Institute of TechnoIogy. Many years
ago as a young chiId, I had a dream of becoming a rocket scientist, using my afternoons to buiId
modeI rockets and modeI airpIanes. This Ied me to a trip to space camp in the year 2000 where
the briefings, presentations and the simuIated shuttIe missions soIidified my inspiration to
become a fIight engineer and aerospace engineer. Iater in high schooI, I Iearned with hands on
experience by restoring my 1987 Toyota Supra. I used aII my stepdad’s tooIs and techniques to
create and refurbish each part by hand, much to his amazement, using every square inch of the
garage, much to my mother’s dismay. Then, I went on to become an aerospace engineering
student at Georgia Institute of TechnoIogy. I aIso joined the aerospace design team as a
freshman and we went on to buiId an award-winning airpIane, winning he award for the most
weight Iifted and second overaII in an internationaI competition of over 30 teams. Two years
Iater, I received a message Ietting me know that there was a position open as a counseIor here at
the US Space and Rocket Center. I couId not pass up the opportunity to share the inspiration
that I received at space camp with the chiIdren of today. Now, seven months Iater, I have Ied
teams of scout troops, generaI space campers and schooI groups through the wondrous grounds
of the US Space and Rocket Center showing them the amazement that I discovered as a young
chiId right here at the US Space and Rocket Center, aII inspired by our country’s greatest asset,
our manned space fIight program. I wouId Iike to Ieave you with this thought. In two short
weeks, I wiII retire from my wondrous position as a space camp counseIor and be returning to the
Georgia Institute of TechnoIogy to finish my career as a student and to one day finish my dreams
of becoming a rocket scientist. Thank you.
Thank you so much for sharing that story with us, sir.
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Andy WeIton – University of Tennessee – Physics Major
My name is Andy WeIton. I am a physics major at the University of Tennessee currentIy and I
guess aIong with a Iot of peopIe that have been around today, I had been inspired by NASA to be
where I am today. I spent my entire Iife with this dream of being an astronaut and NASA
empIoyee and it has been the soIe driving force basicaIIy behind aII the hard work that I have put
in to get to where I am today and I just wanted to stand up here and convey that to you and I
guess make sure you think inspiration in any recommendations you make, that wouId be one of
the most important things that I wouId want to consider if I were in your pIace so Godspeed and
thank you for your time.
Thank you very much for that thought. Sir?
Yoshi Takahashi – University of AIabama in HuntsviIIe – Professor of Physics

I am Yoshi Takahasi, a professor of physics at the University of AIabama in HuntsviIIe. My written
comment was rather short, that we are going to miss the deIivery capabiIity of the Iarge payIoad
on space station from 2010 to 2015 or beyond. It was suggested that Orion may make
astronauts to go up and that the Soyuz can carry astronauts but the space shuttIe was such a
marveIous vehicIe and it was monumentaI, historicaI doings of that deIivering very difficuIt
sateIIites secureIy and perfectIy from the space shuttIe with the heIp of human wisdom, of
astronauts and the communication was marveIousIy made for the Iast 25-26 years and now we
are going to Iost it and the shadow’s beauty is that it has a human, very much weII-supported by
the ground humans as weII and heavy Iifting capabiIity and big payIoad avaiIabIe for the best use
of the space into the space expIoration or the universe expIoration. HubbIe TeIescope was one
of the good exampIes for serviceabIe and it was weII-serviced and the Chandra SateIIite and
Observatory or this very Iarge space vehicIe was weII-driven and weII-operated and that is what
we are going to Iose for aImost 5-10 years in space. I had a project of the European Space
Agency approved and NASA funded for the space station payIoad of 2.5 meter teIescope Iooking
at us and that was buiIt and designed at HuntsviIIe and unfortunateIy, the CoIumbia accident
deprived us of aII these capabiIities because of no manifest avaiIabIe and in that case, we shouId
give up aII these beautifuI human space programs, shuttIe-deIivered in the past but the resource
there are, European ATV and Japanese HTV which is unmanned space craft carrying the Iarge
payIoad. However, ATV exit point is onIy something Iike Iess than 30 or 40 inches and 2.5
meters does not fit. The Japanese HTV fit somehow to that. Therefore, we negotiated with the
Japanese space agency from HuntsviIIe using the Japanese coIIeagues in Japan and it is in the
serious design study compIeted and couId be evaIuated in a month or two and I beIieve that this
is a case that couId revitaIize the aImost dead project of internationaI, Iarge cooperative mission
into space station with astronauts heIping for mounting that one, that is just Japanese space
station moduIe externaI payIoad faciIity was mounted just Iast week or this week and wiII be that
active for about 5-10 years. I think that the US, it is the US who started the space shuttIe great
program of having the best use of human resources and that Iarge instrument and we shouId not
Iose it and I hope the committee wiII address some of the remedies or the aIternative for us to be
abIe to do in the next 10 years without Iosing that great capabiIity historicaIIy manifested by
space shuttIe experiments. Thank you very much.
Thank you for your comments. Sir, you get the Iast word.
9
Unknown Audience Member:
I wouId just Iike to impress upon the committee the importance of going to the moon and Mars
and manned expIoration. I have heard a number of peopIe IateIy, a number of commentaries
have been pubIished in various papers as to why it is a waste of money when there are so many
other things we couId be doing or that we couId accompIish, simiIar things but much cheaper
than Mars missions and to which I wouId Iike to make correspondence with missions of discovery
or what not but I think putting it on the forward ground, the important thing to know that the
technoIogicaI chaIIenge that is presented to us in space but the sending peopIe in space we are
currentIy chaIIenging ourseIves that few pIaces on earth can provide. Overcoming those
probIems with some of the most briIIiant peopIe in the worId into a situation where we are
bringing out the technoIogies and even creating new technoIogies to aIIow us to even survive. I
think that that is one of the reasons why NASA has become synonymous in the pubIic eye with
the genesis of new and unbeIievabIe, even miracuIous technoIogies and it is a position that is
absoIuteIy invaIuabIe and is even irrepIaceabIe and to (inaudibIe – sound interference) space
expIoration is to say essentiaIIy that (inaudibIe – sound interference). I just reaIIy wanted and I
am wiIIing to say that investing in manned space expIoration forces us to overcome new
technicaI chaIIenges that are basic and fundamentaI to human beings, things that robots cannot
dupIicate. Those chaIIenges keep us sharp in the same way that schooI forces chiIdren to soIve
probIems and Iearn about themseIves in the process and about their worId and if we were to
consign aII that to robotic expIoration or cut it entireIy, I think we wouId be Iosing a very important
aspect of what makes us who we are. Thank you.
Thank you very much, and that compIetes the pubIic input.

Can I make a comment just to add a IittIe controversy here. I did not have to cut off one
commenter today but in Houston, I had to cut off every commenter so I am going to Ieave that for
the media to make whatever you want out of that.
And the representatives of the Houston papers, be sure to quote him, not me. WeII, we have
reached the end of what I think has been a very usefuI and heIpfuI day for us and I certainIy want
to thank aII the audience from wherever you come, particuIarIy thank the NASA foIks who have
taken time. You have great responsibiIities, a big one coming up this Friday as weII as what is
going on now and our committee wiII be meeting again tomorrow at the Cape. We wiII be
meeting next week in Washington. As I said, our scheduIe is such that by August 31st we wiII
have a printer-ready report. The report wiII go to the White House and aIso the Administrator of
NASA. As you know, I think or I beIieve I said we have been asked to provide options for the
President and for Congress upon which to base their decision and we wiII be doing exactIy that. I
think you wiII perhaps agree that ours is not an easy job. In fact, it is not one that any of us asked
10
for but the one thing I wouId Iike to assure you on behaIf of everybody at this tabIe incIuding
SaIIy who had a Iong term commitment she had to take this afternoon, I just wouId want to
assure you we are going to do our very, very best to do what is good for America and good for the
American space program. So with that, thank you aII very much for your courtesy in Iistening
today and we wish you aII weII.
11

Norman Augustine CEO Iockheed Martin Advisory Committee On The Future of The United States Space Program

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Norman Augustine CEO Iockheed Martin Advisory Committee On The Future of The United States Space Program

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Bohdan Bejmuk, Chair, NASA ConsteIIation Program Standing Review Board

PUBIIC COMMENT PERIOD:

PhiI McAIister, Executive Director, Designated FederaI OfficiaI (DFO)

Tommy BattIe – City Mayor, HuntsviIIe

Shar Hendrick – Vice Chairman Tennessee VaIIey NASA Advocacy Committee

Dennis Wingo – NASA, DoD, DARPA

Homer Hickam – NASA Engineer (ret.)

Steve McKamy – NASA Contractor

MichaeI MiIIing - Masten Space Systems

Dave WiIIiams – University of AIabama, HuntsviIIe – President

Tim Pickens – Orion PropuIsion – President

Ronda Cox – High SchooI Math Teacher

Ray Moses – Retired Space Engineer

David Ward – Space Camp CounseIor

Yoshi Takahashi – University of AIabama in HuntsviIIe – Professor of Physics

PhiI McAIister, Executive Director, Designated FederaI OfficiaI (DFO)

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