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computer book
5 -7
Introduction to
computers.
book Vol ume . 1
THE OUTMATE SMALL BOOK WITH MASSIVE
INFORMATION!
AUTHOR:ANDSEN MIKE AND MWANZA JASON
WHAT IS A
COMPUTER
Computers in depth
This is the study of computer junior
secondary schools. In order for us to understand
this, we should first look at the term
“computer”, its definition and what it’s capable
of. As a starting point, we can look at these two
definitions of the term “computer”; people can
define it in different ways such as;
• A computer is an electronic programmable
device, which takes raw data as input,
processes it under the control/system unit
and then gives the results to the user as
output.
• A computer is an electronic machine which
is used for storing, finding and organizing
data such as pictures, sounds, videos
numbers for doing calculations and words
for controlling or manipulating other
electronic machines. If you ask a grade
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one about what a computer is he/she can
give you an answer like this one; “a
computer is an electronic device/machine
which processes data”. Yes! All these
explanations are true, take note that “data”
is the most critical word used in the above
statements. We shall talk a little more about
data later.
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Good examples of such computers are:
Automatic teller machine (ATM) in banks, Traffic
lights system, control MRT train, appliances with
embedded chips etc.
Types of computers
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Input: these are devices that we use to tell the
computer what to do. In other words, they are
devices that we use to input data into the
computer examples of inputs are; keyboard,
mouse, trackballs, web cam, digital camera
scanner, etc.
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Output: These are devices which gives you
visual information and show you what the
computer is doing. Examples of outputs are;
monitor, projector, printer, speakers, etc. the
full computer system is shown below.
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COMMON INPUT AND OUTPUT FUNCTIONS
Keyboard:
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Mouse:
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Printer:
This is an output device which produces hardcopy
of text and graphics. Printers are in two
categories, and these are impact printers which
produces a copy mechanism that hits against an
inked ribbon, which in turn strikes the paper and
nonimpact printers unlike impact printer
nonimpact printers produce a copy without
physically striking the paper instead they shine a
laser to the drum to produce an image. Three
common types of printers known are
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THE SYSTEM UNIT AND ITS COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS
The system board (motherboard). This is the
communication medium for the entire computer
system, because every component of the system
unit connects to the system board.
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In other words we can also say, it’s a large flat
circuit board covered with a variety of different
electronic components
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(CMOS). Though we will only talk of the RAM
and ROM at this level.
RAM: (Random Access Memory), this is
temporal memory that holds the program
sequence of instructions and data that the CPU
is presently processing, it is the main
(temporary, or primary) memory, its volatile
that its data is lost when the computer is logged
of or shutdown.
Note:
A hard copy is a printed copy of
information from a computer.
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The above numbered parts of the computer system
are listed below.
• 1 : monitor(output)
• 2
• 3 : System Unit(C.U)
• 4 : mouse(input)
• 5 : speaker(output)
• 6 : printer(output)
• 7 : keyboard (main input)
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SOFTWARE
1. A software is a set of instructions or programs
that operate the computer.
Two types of software are; System Software or
Operating System (OS) and Application software
Functions of System Software or Operating System
(OS):
• An Operating System Controls the
hardware, manages the information on
the disk and runs computer programs.
This is what makes the computer to start
or boot in the first place
Examples of System Software:
• Windows 10, Windows8,
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(Graphic and presentation), Microsoft Access
(Data Base Management System), Adobe
Photoshop, etc.
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BUY VOLUME
2 OF THIS
BOOK NOW,
AND OBTAIN
INIFINITY
SKILLS AND
KNOWLEDGE
IN
COMPUTING
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