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White Paper: Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Reference

Guide
Contents
Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Release Families
Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Family Hardware
Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Family Numbering
Cisco IOS Software Mainline and T Trains Relationships
Cisco IOS Software Mainline and T Trains Numbering
Cisco IOS Software 12.2S Release Family Numbering
Cisco IOS Software Rebuilds
Cisco IOS XE Software Train Numbering
Cisco IOS XR Software Numbering
Cisco IOS XR Software System Maintenance Updates
Cisco NX-OS Software Numbering
Cisco IOS Software Release Migration
Cisco IOS Software Migration Examples
Cisco IOS Software Life Cycle
Software Retirement
Important Communications About Cisco IOS Software Releases
Cisco System Image Packaging
Cisco IOS Software Packaging
Cisco IOS Software Packaging Changes in Cisco IOS Sofware Release 15.0 for Cisco Integrated Services Routers Generation Two
Cisco IOS Software Packaging for Cisco Switches
Cisco IOS Switches Software Activation and Universal Image
Cisco IOS XE Software Packaging
Cisco IOS XR Software Packaging
Cisco NX-OS Software Packaging
Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Images
Cisco IOS Software Images
Cisco IOS XE Software Images
Cisco IOS XR Software Images
Cisco NX-OS Software Images
Tools and Resources
Acknowledgments
References
Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Release Families
Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software continues to evolve to meet the rapidly changing requirements of the most demanding enterprise and
service provider networks. To better meet the requirements of the different market segments the software is organized into software
release families and trains.

A software release family is software that shares a code base, applies to related hardware platforms, and has some overlap in the
timeframe when it is actively supported. A train is a vehicle for delivering Cisco software to a specific set of platforms and features.
Trains are grouped into software release families. Because different software release families can apply to different platforms or market
segments, several trains can be current at any point in time. For example the Cisco IOS Software 12.2SX train coexists with the 12.4T
train and each train will have a corresponding latest release that incorporates the newest features and hardware support for the particular
platforms on which they run. For the same reason, some trains may outlast seemingly newer trains; for example the 12.3 and 12.3T
trains reached end of life status while several trains in the Cisco IOS 12.2S software release family continue to be active in their
respective life-cycles.

Within a software release family there may be two closely related active trains. For example, in the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 release
family the two closely related trains are the 12.4 and the 12.4T trains. The Cisco IOS Software 12.4 train is considered the mainline
train or M train and is meant to receive mostly software fixes with the goal of increasing software quality. Meanwhile, the 12.4T or
technology train receives new software features and hardware support along with software fixes.

Not all software families have separate mainline and technology trains. An example of this is the Cisco IOS Software 12.2SX train,
which instead has extended maintenance and standard maintenance releases. In the 12.2SX train, an extended maintenance release
incorporates the features and hardware support of previous releases (both standard and extended) and remains active for a total of 30
months before reaching end of maintenance status. Standard maintenance releases stay active only for 18 months and do not receive
any software fixes after that time. Both extended maintenance and standard maintenance releases initially deliver new features and
hardware support, but later rebuilds of extended maintenance releases will typically contain only bug fixes. For more information
pertaining to the Cisco IOS Software 12.2SX train, please see the Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2SX on the Cisco Catalyst 6500
Series product bulletin.
In the Cisco IOS Software 15.0 release family a new strategy is in place, reminiscent to the one used in the Cisco IOS Software 12.2SX
train. Unlike previous software release families, Cisco IOS 15.0 release family does not diverge into separate M and T trains but into M
and T releases in the same train. For example, the first release in the Cisco IOS Software 15.0 release family is 15.0(1)M, where M
indicates it is an extended maintenance release. An extended maintenance release is ideal for long-term maintenance and will provide
rebuilds for 44 months. Not all releases in the Cisco IOS Software 15.0 release family will be extended maintenance releases; there will
also be standard maintenance releases that receive the latest features and hardware support. The standard maintenance releases will
have an uppercase T in their designation.

To expedite the availability of new hardware support, a short-lived release can branch out of the technology train. For example, Cisco
IOS Software Release 12.4(4)XD was a short-lived release that that contained features from 12.4(4)T and introduced support for the
Cisco 7200 VXR Series Routers with NPE-G2, then support for the NPE-G2 was integrated into the 12.4T train with 12.4(11)T. The
releases that start with an uppercase X after the closing parenthesis are called X-releases and are considered a short-lived release.

Table 1. Summary of the Most Significant Trains in the Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Release Families

Software Release Trains Description


Family
Cisco IOS Software 15 M and T Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware adoption for
15 release family enterprise, access, and commercial networks. Incorporates new
software features and hardware introduced in the Cisco IOS Software
12.4T train. Unlike 12.4 and 12.4T, Cisco IOS Software 15 release
family consists of a single train that includes both extended
maintenance releases and standard maintenance releases. Extended
maintenance releases contain an uppercase M and provide bug fixes
for 44 months, the first extended maintenance release is Cisco IOS
Software Release 15.0(1)M. A standard maintenance release contains
an uppercase T and only provides bug fixes for 18 months. An
example of a standard maintenance release is 15.1(1)T. Note that
15.0M and 15.0T constitute a single train. See the Release Notes for
Cisco IOS Release 15.0M for additional details.

Cisco IOS Software 12.4 Mainline Incorporates new software features and hardware support that was
12.4 release family introduced in the Cisco IOS Software 12.3T train and additional
software fixes. Mainline releases (also called maintenance releases)
contain no uppercase letter in their release designation and inherit
new Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware from lower
numbered T releases.

12.4T Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware adoption that
introduces new technology, functionality, and hardware advances for
enterprise, access, and commercial networks that are not available in
the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 mainline train.

12.4 Special and Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
Early Deployments the market introduction of new platforms. For example, Cisco IOS
Software Release 12.4(4)XD introduces support for the Cisco 7200
VXR Series Router with NPG-G2.

Cisco IOS Software 12.3 and 12.3T The Cisco IOS Software 12.3 release family has been superseded by
12.3 release family the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 release family.

Cisco IOS Software 12.2S Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
12.2S release family platforms that are deployed in the service provider market, including
the Cisco 7500 Series Routers.

12.2SB Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
broadband and leased-line aggregation, and Multiprotocol Label
Switching (MPLS) on a comprehensive portfolio of mid-range routers
for service provider edge networks, like the Cisco 10000 Series
Routers.

12.2SE Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
mid-range and low-end Ethernet LAN switching for enterprise access
and distribution networks, and mid-range and low-end Metro Ethernet
for service provider edge networks that include the Cisco Catalyst
2960 Series, Cisco Catalyst 3550 Series, and Cisco Catalyst 3750
Series Switches.

12.2SG Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
the Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series Supervisor Engine II-Plus, Cisco
Catalyst 4500 Series Supervisor Engine II-Plus-TS, Cisco Catalyst
4500 Series Supervisor II-Plus-10GE, Cisco Catalyst 4500 Supervisor
Engine IV, Cisco Catalyst 4500 Supervisor Engine V, Cisco Catalyst
4500 Series Supervisor Engine V-10GE, Cisco Catalyst 4500
Supervisor Engine 6-E, Cisco Catalyst 4900 Series Switches, and
Cisco Catalyst 4900M Switch.

12.2SR Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
high-end Metro Ethernet and MPLS PE for service provider edge
networks.

12.2SX Provides Cisco IOS Software functionality and hardware support for
high-end Ethernet LAN switching for enterprise access, distribution,
core, and data center networks. Cisco IOS Software Modularity is a
feature set available in the 12.2SX train.

Cisco IOS XE 2.6 Cisco IOS XE Software is a Cisco IOS Software implementation that is
Software 2.5 optimized for compact routers at the network edge that deliver in-
2.4 service software upgrades and software redundancy in a form factor
much smaller than previously possible. In addition to the rich Cisco
IOS Software edge feature set, Cisco IOS XE Software provides IOS
command-line control to provide a familiar look and feel for Cisco IOS
Software users. Cisco IOS XE Software includes the ability to restart
processes individually, with emphasis on fault management features,
and in-service software upgrades. The Cisco IOS XE Software route
processor code originated from the Cisco IOS 12.2S release family,
this provides operational consistency with other Cisco IOS Software
routers. Cisco IOS XE Software supports the Cisco ASR 1000 Series
routers.

Cisco IOS XR 3.9 Provides Cisco IOS XR Software functionality and hardware support
Software 3.8 for the Cisco CRS-1 Carrier Routing System, Cisco 12000 Series
3.7 Routers, and Cisco ASR 9000 Series routers. Cisco IOS XR Software
is designed to address the terabit scaling, secure virtualization, high
availability, and distributed processing requirements of large IP next-
generation networks. Cisco IOS XR Software is based on a
microkernel with preemptive multitasking and memory protection. The
command-line is designed to be similar to Cisco IOS Software.

Cisco NX-OS 4.2 Cisco NX-OS Software is a data-center-class operating system built to
Software 4.1 meet the demands of the virtualized data center and delivers critical
4.1E features such as a modular and flexible architecture, continuous
4.1N system availability, and switch virtualization capabilities. Based on the
4.0SV industry proven Cisco SAN-OS Software, Cisco NX-OS Software
helps ensure continuous availability and sets the standard for mission-
critical data center environments. The self-healing and highly modular
design of Cisco NX-OS Software makes zero-impact operations a
reality and enables exceptional operation flexibility.

Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Family Hardware


Software selection depends on a number of factors, including hardware and software feature requirements, current life cycle status of
applicable trains, and outstanding caveats. For guidance on selecting software for specific requirements, please use the Software
Advisor Tool (registered customers only). A general overview of hardware support is shown in Table 2, which correlates the most
common Cisco hardware platforms to the primary Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software family releases.

Table 2. Primary Cisco IOS Software Trains Used by Hardware Families

Hardware Family Primary Cisco IOS Software


Trains
Branch Routers

Cisco 800, 1800, 2800, and 3800 Integrated Series Routers Cisco IOS 15
Cisco IOS 12.4T

Cisco 1900, 2900, and 3900 Integrated Services Routers Cisco IOS 15

WAN Routers

Cisco 7200 VXR Series and Cisco 7301 Router Cisco IOS 15
Cisco IOS 12.4T
Cisco IOS 12.2SR
Cisco IOS 12.2SB

Cisco 7201 Router Cisco IOS 15


Cisco IOS 12.4T
Cisco IOS 12.2SR

Cisco 7304 Router Cisco IOS 12.2S

Cisco 7500 Series Routers Cisco IOS 12.4


Cisco IOS 12.2S

Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers Cisco IOS XE 2.4


Cisco IOS XE 2.3

Service Provider

Cisco 7600 Series Routers Cisco IOS 12.2SR

Cisco 10000 Series Routers, Performance Routing Engine 2 through 4 Cisco IOS 12.2SB

Cisco ASR 9000 Series Routers Cisco IOS XR 3.9


Cisco IOS XR 3.8
Cisco IOS XR 3.7

Cisco 12000 Series Routers running Cisco XR Software Cisco IOS XR 3.9
(Also known as Cisco XR 12000 Series Routers) Cisco IOS XR 3.8
Cisco IOS XR 3.7

Cisco 12000 Series Routers Cisco IOS 12.0S


Cisco IOS 12.0SY
(See Note 1)

Cisco CRS-1 Carrier Routing System Cisco IOS XR 3.9


Cisco IOS XR 3.8
Cisco IOS XR 3.7

Switches

Data Center

Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches Cisco IOS 12.2SX

Cisco Nexus 7000 Switch Cisco NX-OS 4.2

Cisco Nexus 5000 Switch Cisco NX-OS 4.1N

Cisco Nexus 4000 Switch Cisco NX-OS 4.1E

Cisco Nexus 1000V Switch Cisco NX-OS 4.0SV


Campus LAN

Cisco Catalyst 2960, 2970, 3560, and 3750 Series Switches Cisco IOS 12.2SE

Cisco Catalyst 4500 and 4900 Series Switch Cisco IOS 12.2SG

Note 1: Cisco IOS Software 12.0SY train is a descendant of the highly popular 12.0S train. The Cisco IOS Software 12.0S train was
used in several platforms, but it is currently deployed mostly on the Cisco 12000 platform.

Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Family Numbering


In order to effectively manage Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software within your network, it is important to understand the release
numbering and terminology.

A train consists of individual releases, such as Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(20)T. Individual releases contain a number of software
fixes and, in most trains, this individual releases contain new hardware support and software features

The term release indicates an instance of the software as released on www.cisco.com. For example Cisco IOS Software Release
12.4(7a) is a release of the 12.4 train.

Cisco IOS Software Mainline and T Trains Relationships


Cisco IOS Software trains typically contain an uppercase letter, the exception is called a mainline train. For example, the Cisco IOS
Software 12.4 and 12.3 trains are both mainline trains. In a few cases, mainline trains have been referred to as the “M” trains. A
mainline train is always associated with a technology or T train.

Through the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 release family, the mainline and technology trains were separated, which means a mainline train
would evolve from the previous technology train and then would primarily receive bug fixes and occasionally new features or hardware
support. From the mainline train a technology train would branch out and become a separate code base that received new features and
hardware support. For example, Cisco IOS Software Release 12.3(14)T received new features and functionality and became 12.4(1).
After that, the following releases in the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 mainline train were Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(3) and 12.4(5),
both of which primarily integrated bug fixes. Meanwhile Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(1) received new features and hardware
support and became 12.4(2)T, which again received multiple new features and hardware support to became 12.4(4)T. The net effect is
that, as new releases become available, the latest technology and mainline releases continue to diverge as new functionality
accumulates in the technology releases, which is mostly absent from the newer mainline releases.

Figure 1 illustrates the relationships between the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 mainline train and the 12.4T train releases. The mainline
releases are designated as Maintenance Deployment releases (MD) while releases in the Cisco IOS Software 12.4T train are considered
Early Deployment (ED).

Figure 1. Mainline and T Train Relationships

The Cisco IOS Software 15 M and T train uses a different release model from the traditional separate mainline and technology trains.
Instead of diverging into separate trains, Cisco IOS Software 15 M and T will have extended maintenance releases and standard
maintenance releases. An extended maintenance release incorporates the features and hardware support of all the previous standard
maintenance releases. This makes newer extended maintenance releases available that contain the full functionality of the train at the
time of release. In the Cisco IOS Software 15 M and T train, extended maintenance releases are planned to become available every
twenty months.

Figure 1a. Cisco IOS Software 15.0 Train Relationships

Cisco IOS Software Mainline and T Trains Numbering


The Cisco IOS Software 12.4 train receives software fixes on a regular basis, but does not normally receive new software features or
hardware support. Note that fixes applied to the 12.4 mainline train are synchronized with subsequent releases of the 12.4T train.
Derived from the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 mainline train, the 12.4T train receives regular software fixes and provides new features and
hardware support.

Figure 2. Cisco IOS Software Mainline and T Trains Numbering

Notes:

 The software release or train is composed of a train number and a train identifier. For example Cisco IOS Software Release
12.4(20)T1 belongs to the Cisco IOS Software 12.4T train.
 Each maintenance release of Cisco IOS Software 12.4 mainline, such as 12.4(7), includes additional software fixes. Each
maintenance release of Cisco IOS Software 12.4T, such as 12.4(20)T, includes additional software fixes, software features, and
hardware support.
 The rebuild identifier for the mainline train is a lowercase letter. The rebuild identifier for the Cisco IOS Software 12.4T train and
other non-mainline trains is a number. Each new rebuild increments the rebuild identifier and delivers additional software fixes on
an accelerated schedule, prior to the next planned individual release. To improve stability, the criteria for making changes in a
rebuild is strict.

A single set of individual release numbers are used for all Cisco IOS Software 12.4 trains. Cisco IOS Software Maintenance Release
12.4 and Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4T use a pool of individual release numbers that are shared across the whole Cisco IOS
Software 12.4 release family. For example Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(6)T was followed by 12.4(7) and 12.4(8) . This permits
the administrator to track changes introduced in the code. For example, say a caveat was fixed in Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(6)T,
then it is possible to conclude that this specific caveat has also been fixed in 12.4(7), 12.4(8), and 12.4(9)T, but not in 12.4(5).

Cisco IOS Software 12.2S Release Family Numbering


The releases within the Cisco IOS Software 12.2S release family share a common code base from the Cisco IOS Software 12.2S train.
In addition to the common code base, software fixes and new software features are included in each individual release of the Cisco IOS
Software 12.2SB, 12.2SX, 12.2SE, 12.2SG, and 12.2SR trains. After their inclusion, where applicable, additional software fixes and
software features are propagated to other trains in the Cisco IOS Software 12.2S release family.

The key elements of the Cisco IOS Software 12.2S release family numbering scheme are the release number, individual release
number, and rebuild identifier (See Figure 3). Note that Cisco IOS Software 12.2SX releases that include new functionality will
typically include a third uppercase letter right after the 'SX' designation, such as 12.2(18)SXF, 12.2(33)SXH, and 12.2(33)SXI. This
model is also followed by other trains, for example, 12.2(25)SE is followed by 12.2(25)SEA, 12.2(25)SEB, 12.2(25)SEC and so on,
where each new individual release includes new features or hardware support.

Figure 3. Cisco IOS S Software Family Numbering


In the Cisco Catalyst 6500 series, an individual release can be either extended maintenance or standard maintenance and there is
additional terminology specific to Cisco IOS Software 12.2SX Major Release. Please see Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2SX on the
Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series

Cisco IOS Software Rebuilds


Cisco integrates fixes to high severity issues in an individual release via rebuilds to reduce the possible impact on customers that have
already deployed and certified an individual release. A rebuild typically includes fixes to a limited number of caveats and is indicated
by a lowercase letter inside the parenthesis of mainline trains or by a final number in other trains. For example, Cisco IOS Software
Release 12.4(21) received a few caveat fixes and the resulting rebuild was named 12.4(21a). In a similar way, 12.4(15)T8 is the eight
rebuild of 12.4(15)T.

Rebuilds of other trains, like those in the SX train also include a final ascending number to indicate a rebuild. For example, Cisco IOS
Software Release 12.2(33)SXH2 is the second rebuild of the 12.2(33)SXH individual release.

Occasionally, Cisco might rebuild an individual release number when a very significant defect is found. For example, 12.2(18)SXF15
was shortly followed by 12.2(18)SXF15a which included a single fix for a very significant defect.

Cisco IOS XE Software Train Numbering


The Cisco IOS XE Software numbering scheme uses a major release, release version, and rebuild scheme. For more details see the
Cisco IOS XE Software for Cisco ASR 1000 Series Router bulletin.

Cisco IOS XE Software contains a number of components, including IOS daemon (IOSd), Interface Manager, Forwarding Manager,
Chassis Manager, and others. For a list of Cisco IOS XE Software components see Troubleshoot Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation
Services Routers Crashes. The numeric scheme is the primary designation for Cisco IOS XE Software and applies to the collection of
all components. The IOSd is a very visible component, it incorporates the routing protocol functionality and is essentially Cisco IOS
Software code running as a user process. The origins of IOSd trace back to the Cisco IOS Software 12.2S release family. The IOSd uses
a release designation that includes the letters XN and has a versioning scheme that is similar to the one used by Cisco IOS Software.
Each version of Cisco IOS XE Software has an associated IOSd Cisco IOS Software version. See the Cisco ASR 1000 Series Release
Notes for the mapping of the ASR IOS XE Software versions to the IOSd Cisco IOS versions.

Figure 4. Cisco IOS XE Software Numbering

Cisco IOS XE Software is classified as either standard-support or extended-support. Standard-support software has a sustaining
support lifetime of one year from First Customer Shipment (FCS), with two scheduled rebuilds. Extended-support software provides a
sustaining support lifetime of two years from FCS with four scheduled rebuilds. For more information on the Cisco IOS XE Software
support models please see Cisco IOS XE Software End-of-Life Guidelines.

Cisco IOS XR Software Numbering


Cisco IOS XR Software is comprised of modular packages. Each package contains the components to perform a specific set of
functions, such as routing, security, or line card support. The key elements of the Cisco IOS XR Software numbering scheme consist of
the major release identifier, minor release identifier, and maintenance revision identifier. (See Figure 4.)

Figure 5. Cisco IOS XR Software Numbering

The major release identifier is the major release number for a package. A major release occurs when there is a significant architectural
change to the product (for example, an important new capability is introduced). All packages that operate on the router must be at the
same major release level.

The minor release version does not have to be identical for all software packages that operate on the router. But the operating packages
must be certified by Cisco as compatible with each other. For example, a router running Cisco IOS XR Software could use an MPLS
package with a different minor release version than the multicast package if they are certified by Cisco as compatible. The maintenance
revision identifier is the maintenance release number for a given package. A maintenance release contains a collection of software
fixes.

Cisco IOS XR Software System Maintenance Updates


The Cisco IOS XR Software mechanism for providing software fixes for critical issues is called a System Maintenance Update (SMU).
An SMU provides a release and platform specific patch. The impact of the SMU on the running system varies. Some updates are
designed to allow uninterrupted operation of the node while the SMU is applied, this is called a hitless SMU. Each SMU indicates the
expected impact on traffic flowing through the router when the SMU is activated.

Cisco NX-OS Software Numbering


Cisco NX-OS Software is a data center-class operating system that provides high availability with a modular design. Cisco NX-OS
Software is based on the Cisco MDS 9000 SAN-OS Software and it supports the Cisco Nexus Series and the Cisco MDS 9000 Series
Multilayer Switch. The Cisco NX-OS Software contains a kick start image and a system image, both images contain a major release
identifier, a minor release identifier, and a maintenance release identifier, and they can also contain a rebuild identifier, which may also
be referred to as a Support Patch. (See Figure 6). Additional details are available in the Cisco NX-OS Software Reference Guide.

The Cisco NX-OS Software for the Nexus 7000 Series Switches and MDS 9000 Series Switches uses the numbering scheme that is
shown in figure 6.

Figure 6. Cisco IOS NX-OS Numbering for the Cisco Nexus 7000 and MDS 9000 Series Switches

For other members of the family, Cisco NX-OS Software uses a combination of platform independent and platform dependent scheme
as shown in figure 6a.

Figure 6a. Cisco IOS NX-OS Software Numbering for the Nexus 4000 and 5000 Series Switches and Nexus 1000 Virtual
Switches

The platform designator is N for the Nexus 5000 Series Switches, E for the Nexus 4000 Series Switches, and S for the Nexus 1000
Series Switches. In addition, the Nexus 1000 virtual switch uses a two letter platform designation where the second letter indicates the
hypervisor vendor that the virtual switch is compatible with, for example V for VMware. Applicable features, functions, and fixes in
the platform independent code are present in the platform dependent release, in Figure 6a above, applicable fixes in Cisco NX-OS
Software Release 4.0(1a) are present in the 4.0(1a)N1(1a) release.

Cisco IOS Software Release Migration


The code selection process involves a number of different variables. Cisco recommends minimizing the number of releases that are
deployed in any network and to establish a software strategy that indicates which releases and images will be used in the different
devices that are deployed throughout the environment. To maximize operational efficiency, it is ideal to have devices with similar
hardware and feature deployment using the same Cisco IOS Software release. For professional advice on software versions to deploy in
specific environments please refer to Cisco Advanced Services.

New features or hardware support is the most common reason to upgrade to a newer train. A single device is likely to run different
trains at different times during its deployment cycle. For example, a device could have been initially deployed using the Cisco IOS
Software 12.3T train, then upgraded to the 12.4 train to take advantage of caveat fixes. As new services are deployed in the network,
the device might have the need for a new feature available in the Cisco IOS Software 12.4T train.

When there is no need to change the train that is used by a device, the general migration path for the device is to the latest release of
that train. If that train has an end-of-sale notification, the migration options found on the notification will list the trains or releases that
can be used to upgrade. The latest version incorporates the most current software fixes, software features, and hardware support.

The Cisco IOS Software Migration Examples section presents high-level examples of migration for some of the currently deployed
releases.

Note: Cisco IOS Software migration is an ongoing process that takes detailed planning. Customers should work closely with their
account managers when they take inventory of their deployed Cisco IOS Software and create a plan to migrate to more current releases.

Cisco IOS Software Migration Examples


Tables 3 through 7 describe example migration paths from Cisco IOS Software releases. The examples provided include general
guidelines, code selection must include analysis of outstanding caveats that apply to the environment where the code will be deployed.
To cover the minimum due diligence, the administrator needs to review the open and fixed caveats section of the Release Notes for the
version under evaluation.

Table 3. Migration Paths from Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(18)

12.4(18) Migration Strategy Example Strategy


The administrator needs additional software Migrate to the latest rebuild of Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(18),
fixes, including fixes to the latest security such as Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(18e).
advisories, but there is a need to minimize
changes in the new version.

The administrator needs additional software Migrate to the latest individual release in the Cisco IOS Software 12.4
fixes. mainline train, such as Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(23).

The administrator needs software fixes, new Migrate to the latest Individual release in the Cisco IOS Software
features, and hardware support delivered in 12.4T train or to the Cisco IOS 15.0 M and T train that contains
the Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4T or support for the required new feature and hardware. To maximize
15.0 family. software fixes, select the latest rebuild of that individual release. For
example, migrate to Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(24)T1 or
15.0(1)M1.

Table 4. Migration Paths from Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(15)T

12.4(15)T Migration Strategy Example Strategy


The administrator needs the latest software Migrate to the latest individual release of Cisco IOS Software Release
fixes, including the latest fixes available to 12.4T, Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(24)T, or to the latest
security advisories, new features, and Extended Maintenance Release of the Cisco IOS Software 15.0 M and
hardware support. T train. Select the latest rebuild of the individual release for the
maximum coverage of available fixes to security advisories. For
example, migrate from Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(15)T to
12.4(24)T1 or 15.0(1)M1.

Table 5. Migration Paths from Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(33)SB

12.2(31)SB2 Migration Strategy Example Strategy


The administrator needs the latest software Migrate to the latest rebuild of Cisco IOS Software Release
fixes available in the 12.2SB train.. 12.2(31)SB. For example, migrate from Cisco IOS Software Release
12.2(31)SB2 to 12.2(31)SB14.

The administrator needs the latest software Migrate to the latest individual release of Cisco IOS Software Release
fixes, new features, and hardware support. 12.2SB. For example, migrate from Cisco IOS Software Release
12.2(31)SB2 to 12.2(33)SB6

Table 6. Migration Paths from Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(18)SXF


12.2(18)SXF Migration Strategy Example Strategy
The administrator needs the latest software Migrate to Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(18)SXFx, where x is the
fixes. next (or later) numbered version of Cisco IOS Software Release
12.2(18)SXF. For example, migrate from Cisco IOS Software Release
12.2(18)SXF to 12.2(18)SXF15a.

Administrator needs the latest new features Migrate to the latest rebuild of Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2SX.
and hardware support. For example, migrate from Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(18)SXF
to 12.2(33)SXI3.

Note: Cisco IOS Software Modularity is a feature set available in certain releases of the Cisco IOS 12.2SX train.

Table 7. Migration Paths from Cisco IOS XR Software Release 3.4.1

3.4.1 Migration Strategy Example Strategy


Administrator needs the latest software fixes. Migrate to the latest Cisco IOS XR Software Release 3.4 maintenance
revision. For example, migrate from Cisco IOS XR Software Release
3.4.1 to 3.4.3.

Administrator needs one or more new Migrate to Cisco IOS XR Release 3.x.y, where x is the next minor
features or software fixes available in the next release of 3 and y is the latest maintenance release of 3.x. For
minor release. example, migrate from Cisco IOS XR Release 3.4.1 to 3.5.4.

Cisco IOS Software Life Cycle


The Cisco IOS Software Release Policy is a structured plan that addresses the Cisco Software life cycle from First Customer Shipment
through end-of-life (EoL). The Release Policy addresses life cycle guidelines and migration planning for Cisco IOS Software Releases
12.4, 12.4T, 12.2SR, 12.2SB, 12.2SE, 12.2SG, 12.2S, and 12.0S.

Figure 7 shows the Cisco IOS Software life cycle milestones for the indicated releases.

Figure 7. Cisco IOS Software Life Cycle Milestones

 First Customer Shipment (FCS): The day the release is first available to customers on Cisco.com
 End of Sale (EoS) Announcement: Notification of the upcoming EoS date for the release. This milestone occurs six months prior
to the actual EoS date.
 End of Sale (EoS): The day the release is no longer available for order or included in manufacturing shipments of Cisco hardware.
End of Sales is up to 36 months from the First Customer Shipment date.
 End of Software Maintenance (EoSWM or EoSW): This is the last date that Cisco Engineering may release any final software
maintenance releases or software fixes for the release. The EoSWM is one year (12 months) beyond the EoS date, and does not
exceed four years (48 months) from the FCS date. Support for a release beyond the EoSWM date is provided via a successor
supported releases.
 End of Vulnerability/Security Fixes: The last date that Cisco Engineering may release any software maintenance releases to
address vulnerability/security findings. This date depends on the release/train and might provide rebuilds for vulnerabilities for a
short time after the EoSWM date.
 Last Date of Support: The last date to receive Cisco TAC service and support for the release. After this date, all support services
for the release are unavailable, and the product becomes obsolete.

Refer to Cisco IOS Software Product Life Cycle Dates & Milestones, for more information.

For information about EoL releases, please see Cisco IOS and NX-OS End-of-Sale and End-of-Life products and the End-of-Life
Policy.

Note: Cisco recommends that release review and migration planning start at 36 months after FCS.

Software Retirement
Cisco IOS Software placed on the Cisco IOS Software Center remains available for customer download for 18 months. After 18
months, the software is eligible for retirement and removal from the Cisco IOS Software Center.

Software on the Cisco IOS Software Center is not retired for platforms that have not reached EoSWM unless a viable migration path
exists. A viable migration path does not cross critical memory boundaries for supported hardware and, if applicable, has a similar
internal or external certification. Cisco IOS Software is subject to deferral at any time should a widespread, catastrophic software defect
be discovered.

Software retirement is not a formal life cycle milestone, but it does underscore the recommendation from Cisco that you implement
current versions of Cisco IOS Software. Cisco does not recommend new deployments of retired software.

Cisco IOS Software is retired based on age. If the Cisco IOS Software that runs in a customer network is retired, it does not mean the
software should be automatically replaced. If the software meets customer needs, then the customer can continue to use it. Cisco TAC
provides assistance support for retired software until it reaches the published last-day-of-support.

Regardless of its status on the Cisco IOS Software Center, Cisco recommends that you maintain copies of all Cisco IOS Software that
is running on the network.

Important Communications About Cisco IOS Software Releases


Cisco issues many software advisories to customers for informational purposes only. Often, software advisories describe problems with
Cisco IOS Software that are hardware-specific or occur under unusual circumstances and therefore do not affect most customers. Often,
no action is required by the customer.

The following communications from Cisco do require customers to evaluate the impact of the underlying problem on their networks
and take appropriate action:

 Security Advisory—Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) issues a security advisory to alert customers to security
issues that directly impact Cisco products and to help customers repair the Cisco product.
 Security Responses —PSIRT issues a security response about issues that require a response to information posted to a public
forum, or to make recommendations to mitigate general problems that affect network stability.
 Deferral Advisory—Cisco issues a deferral advisory to announce the removal of a Cisco IOS image from Cisco's offerings and to
introduce a replacement image. A deferral advisory is most often issued to correct a critical defect. At the time that the deferral of a
Cisco IOS image is advised, customers are strongly urged to migrate from the affected image to the replacement image.
 Software Advisory—Cisco announces the introduction of a solution to a defect. Cisco has confirmed that this defect does not affect
the general use of a Cisco IOS Software release. Customers that could be impacted by the defect should upgrade to a replacement
image. The original software image is still available for download.

For more information about Cisco advisories, please review Cisco Advisory Product Bulletin #1654.

Cisco System Image Packaging


Cisco IOS Software Packaging
Cisco IOS Software Packaging consists of eight packages for Cisco routers (See Figure 8). This packaging scheme was introduced in
the Cisco IOS Software 12.3 mainline train and was later used in other trains as well. For additional information on Cisco IOS Software
packaging see the Cisco IOS Packaging Customer Q&A
Figure 8. Cisco IOS Software Packaging for Cisco Routers and Switches

Five packages are designed to satisfy requirements in four typical service categories:

 IP Base - IP data, is the entry level Cisco IOS Software Image


 IP Voice - Converged voice and data, VoIP, VoFR, and IP Telephony
 Advanced Security - Security and VPN features including Cisco IOS Firewall, IDS/IPS, IPSec, 3DES, and VPN
 SP Services - Adds SSH/SSL, ATM, VoATM, and MPLS to IP Voice
 Enterprise Base - Enterprise protocols: Multi-protocol and IBM Support

Three additional premium packages offer new Cisco IOS Software feature combinations that address more complex network
requirements. All features merge in the Advanced Enterprise Services package that integrates support for all routing protocols with
Voice, Security, and VPN capabilities:

 Advanced IP Services - Full Cisco IOS Software features


 Enterprise Services - Enterprise Base, Full IBM Support, and Service Provider Services
 SP Services - MPLS, ATM, and VoATM

Feature inheritance is another powerful aspect of Cisco IOS Packaging. After a feature is introduced, it is included in the more
comprehensive packages. The feature inheritance facilitates migration by clarifying the feature content of the different packages and
how they relate to each another.
Cisco IOS Packaging also simplifies image naming. Each name is designed to effectively convey the high-level feature content of, and
the inheritance characteristics for the new packages.

These categories summarize the new naming convention:

 Base - Entry level image (IP Base, Enterprise Base). Starting with the Cisco IOS Software 12.4 release family, SSH is available in
all images, including the Base images.
 Services - Addition of IP Telephony Service, MPLS, Voice over IP (VoIP), Voice over Frame Relay (VoFR), and ATM (SP
Services, Enterprise Services).
 Advanced - Addition of VPN, Cisco IOS Firewall, 3DES encryption, Cisco IOS IPsec, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
(Advanced Security, Advanced IP Services). In the Cisco IOS Software 12.3 release family SSH is available in the Advanced
images).
 Enterprise - Addition of multi-protocols, including IBM, IPX, and AppleTalk (Enterprise Base, Enterprise Services)

Cisco IOS Packaging was introduced on Cisco access routers in May 2003, Cisco LAN switches in April 2005, and Cisco mid-range
routers in July 2005. Refer to the Cisco IOS Packaging page for additional information about Cisco IOS Packaging.

Cisco IOS Software Packaging Changes in Cisco IOS Software Release 15.0 for Cisco Integrated Services Routers Generation
Two
Cisco Integrated Services Routers Generation Two (ISR G2) 1900, 2900, and 3900 Series support services on demand through the use
of software licensing which enables customers to realize operational savings through ease of software ordering and management. When
an order is placed for a new ISR G2 platform, the router is shipped with a single universal Cisco IOS Software image and a license is
used to enable the corresponding feature set packages as shown in Figure 8a below.

Figure 8a. Cisco IOS Software Packaging Model for 1900, 2900, and 3900 Series Integrated Services Routers

There are two types of universal images supported in ISR G2:

1. Universal images with the "universalk9" designation in the image name: This universal image offers all of the Cisco IOS Software
features, including strong payload cryptography features such as IPSec VPN, SSL VPN, and Secure Unified Communications.
2. Universal images with the "universalk9_npe" designation in the image name: The strong enforcement of encryption capabilities
provided by Cisco Software Activation satisfies requirements for the export of encryption capabilities. However, some countries
have import requirements that require that the platform does not support any strong cryptography functionality such as payload
cryptography. To satisfy the import requirements of those countries, the "npe" universal image does not support any strong payload
encryption.
Please see Cisco IOS Release 15.0 Feature Sets and Memory Recommendations for Cisco 1900, 2900, and 3900 Series Routers for
more details.

Cisco IOS Software Packaging for Cisco Switches


Cisco IOS switches can use seven different packages (see figure 8b). Seven switch packages satisfy requirements in different market
categories.

Figure 8b. Cisco IOS Software Packaging for Switches


Note: Not all switch packages are available for all switch models.

The switch packages are:

 Layer 2 Base - IEEE 802.1D support, 802.1x point authentication, 802.3ad EtherChannel, 802.1s/w Rapid Spanning Tree, Port
Security, SmartPorts, and SSHv2.
 LAN Base - Includes Layer 2 Base plus Advanced 802.1x, Advanced Access Lists (Layer 2-4 filtering, Time Based ACLs, Port
Based ACLs), and Advanced QoS.
 IP Base - Includes all the features of LAN Base, plus Edge IP Routing (Static, RIP, EIGRP-STUB & Basic PIM), HSRP/ VRRP,
and GRE Tunneling.
 IP Services - Includes all the features of IP Base plus full IP routing (EIGRP, OSPF & PIM), BGP, Policy Based Routing, GLBP,
High Availability, Redundant PR+, Multi-VRF, WAN Protocols1, enhanced QoS functionality (NBAR)1, and Catalyst 6500 Virtual
Switching System.
 Advanced IP Services - Includes all the features of IP Services plus additional features including ISIS, MPLS, Layer 2 VPNs,
Layer 3 VPNs, and IPv6.
 Enterprise Services - Includes IPv6, all the features of IP Services and additional features for Layer 3 multi-protocol environments,
such as AppleTalk Routing, IPX Routing, and IBM Networking Services.
 Advanced Enterprise Services - Includes all the features of IP Services and Enterprise Services.

Cisco IOS Switches Software Activation and Universal Image


The Catalyst 3560-E and 3750-E series switches can run a universal image that has the code for multiple feature sets.
Through the software activation process, a license can be installed in the switch and enable a different feature set.

Currently, universal images for Catalyst 3560-E and 3750-E provide the following feature sets depending on the installed license:

 IP Base
 IP Services

For more information about software activation please see the Cisco Software Activation and Compatibility Document.

Cisco IOS XE Software Packaging


Cisco IOS XE Software is released using consolidated packages. Each consolidated package contains a collection of software sub-
packages. Each software sub-package is an individual software file that controls a different element or elements of the Cisco ASR
Series Routers. Each individual software sub-package can be upgraded individually, or all software sub-packages for a specific
consolidated package can be upgraded as part of a complete consolidated package upgrade.

The consolidated packages are available as images and the integrated IOSd or RPIOS (Route Processor IOS).
For further information on the advantages and disadvantages of running individual sub-packages or a complete Cisco IOS XE Software
consolidated package, and the process of extracting the individual sub-packages, see Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services
Router Software Configuration Guide and the Cisco IOS XE Software for Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers bulletin.

Cisco IOS XR Software Packaging


The IOS XR Software equivalent of feature sets is called packages. Unlike Cisco IOS Software, in which the feature sets are defined at
image build time and remain static while the system is in operation, Cisco IOS XR Software can dynamically load and unload software
packages that can deliver one or many features. These software packages are created in versions and can be updated or patched if
necessary to add features or resolve problems, allowing system enhancement and maintenance to take place without requiring a system
restart or disrupting traffic traversing the system In the latest versions of Cisco IOS XR Software for the ASR 9000 series routers there
are two feature sets available, they differ in that one contains 3DES support, for more details please see Cisco ASR 9000 Series
Aggregation Services Routers for Cisco IOS XR Release Notes

Cisco NX-OS Software Packaging


There is no special feature packaging for Cisco NX-OS, the system image is a single file.

Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software Images


Cisco IOS Software Images
The Cisco IOS Software image name represents the hardware, feature set, format, and other information about the image file. Figure 9
shows the image name of Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(22)T with the Enterprise Base feature set for the Cisco 3825 router.

Figure 9. Example of a Cisco IOS Software Image Name

The show version command displays the name of the Cisco IOS image (see Figure 10)

Figure 10. Cisco IOS Software Release 12.4(22)T Output from the show version Command
Router>show version
Cisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-ADVENTERPRISEK9-M), Version 12.4(22)T,
RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Fri 10-Oct-08 00:05 by prod_rel_team

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.4(13r)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 1 week, 6 days, 8 hours, 26 minutes


System returned to ROM by reload at 19:45:36 UTC Thu Jan 15 2009
System image file is "flash:c2800nm-adventerprisek9-mz.124-22.T.bin"

This product contains cryptographic features and is subject to United


States and local country laws governing import, export, transfer and
use. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not imply
third-party authority to import, export, distribute or use encryption.
Importers, exporters, distributors and users are responsible for
compliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product you
agree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unable
to comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately.

A summary of U.S. laws governing Cisco cryptographic products may be found at:
http://www.cisco.com/wwl/export/crypto/tool/stqrg.html

If you require further assistance please contact us by sending email to


export@cisco.com.

Cisco 2851 (revision 53.50) with 239616K/22528K bytes of memory.


Processor board ID FTX1244A6JG
2 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
1 terminal line
1 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Module
1 cisco Integrated Service Engine(s)
Cisco Unity Express 3.1.1 in slot 1
DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity enabled.
239K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
1982232K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2102


Cisco IOS XE Software Images
Figure 11 shows the image name of Cisco IOS XE Software Release 2.1.1 with the IP Base package, this image contains a Cisco IOS
Software kernel or IOS daemon (IOSd) version 12.2(33)XNA1.

Figure 11. Example of a Cisco IOS XE Image Name


Figure 12 shows the output of the show version command on a Cisco 1002 router, the system image file name is shown in bold.

Figure 12. Cisco IOS XE Software Release 2.1.1 Output from the show version Command

ASRrouter#show version
Cisco IOS Software, IOS-XE Software (PPC_LINUX_IOSD-IPBASE-M), Version
12.2(33)XNA1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 08-Jul-08 14:40 by mcpre

Cisco IOS-XE software, Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.


All rights reserved. Certain components of Cisco IOS-XE software are
licensed under the GNU General Public License ("GPL") Version 2.0. The
software code licensed under GPL Version 2.0 is free software that comes
with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You can redistribute and/or modify such
GPL code under the terms of GPL Version 2.0. For more details, see the
documentation or "License Notice" file accompanying the IOS-XE software,
or the applicable URL provided on the flyer accompanying the IOS-XE
software.

ROM: IOS-XE ROMMON

Router uptime is 5 weeks, 5 days, 10 hours, 41 minutes


Uptime for this control processor is 5 weeks, 5 days, 10 hours, 42 minutes
System returned to ROM by reload
System image file is "bootflash:asr1000rp1-ipbase.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.bin"
Last reload reason: Unknown reason

cisco ASR1002 (RP1) processor with 1791829K/6147K bytes of memory.


4 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
32768K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
4194304K bytes of physical memory.
8137567K bytes of eUSB flash at bootflash:.

Configuration register is 0x2102


To determine the versions of the individual sub-packages that are running on the active resource processor (RP) use the show version
rp active running command (See Figure 13.)

Figure 13. Cisco IOS XE Software 2.1.1 Output from the show version rp active running Command

ASR#show version rp active running


Package: Provisioning File, version: n/a, status: active
File: consolidated:packages.conf, on: RP0
Built: n/a, by: n/a
File SHA1 checksum: 6a5070d5b280487d5f89b6f3fc70ff2225728204

Package: rpbase, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active


File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-rpbase.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: RP0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: 33204d0f8ef544cdcf5889dd5f56b4a7740a0ef3

Package: rpaccess, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active


File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-rpaccess.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: RP0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: 9206c32bf4893076f7af1d522b07b4202de6e5d7

Package: rpcontrol, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active


File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-rpcontrol.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: RP0/0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: fa1465740d1b1b8288b38e353cb068bcc835cf71
Package: rpios-ipbase, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active
File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-rpios-ipbase.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: RP0/0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: 045b89df5ed1a711dc7906efee29693a8560a8e0

Package: espbase, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active


File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-espbase.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: ESP0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: 9ff0f8627b0acc282aa31c35e1b9cd3b1b9f2ac2

Package: sipbase, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active


File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-sipbase.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: SIP0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: 6e18c01677e7de04c5eea51dec1e6d461a0b5e91

Package: sipspa, version: 02.01.01.122-33.XNA1, status: active


File: consolidated:asr1000rp1-sipspa.02.01.01.122-33.XNA1.pkg, on: SIP0/0
Built: 2008-07-08_16.38, by: mcpre
File SHA1 checksum: ac8c61b4061905f3e94ef273b2c665e6c2eae0d2
Cisco IOS XR Software Images
Figure 14 shows the image name of Cisco IOS XR Software Release 3.6.1 with the IP/MPLS Core Software 3DES package for the
CRS-1.

Figure 14. Example of a Cisco IOS XR Software Image Name (TAR)

Figure 15 shows the image name of Cisco IOS XR Release 3.6.1 with the Cisco IOS XR Diagnostics package for the CRS-1. The
acronym hfr was an early name for the Cisco CRS-1 Carrier Routing System.

Figure 15. Example of a Cisco IOS XR Software Image Name (PIE)


Example of the show version command on a Cisco CRS-1 router (See figure 13).

Figure 16. Cisco IOS XR Software 3.8.1 Output from the show version Command

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:XR-ROUTER# show version

Thu Jul 30 14:27:41.521 PST


Cisco IOS XR Software, Version 3.8.1[00]
Copyright (c) 2009 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 1.53(20090311:225342) [CRS-1 ROMMON],
XR-ROUTER uptime is 11 hours, 48 minutes
System image file is "bootflash:disk0/hfr-os-mbi-3.8.1/mbihfr-rp.vm"
cisco CRS-16/S (7457) processor with 4194304K bytes of memory.
7457 processor at 1197Mhz, Revision 1.2
2 Management Ethernet
5 TenGigE
29 SONET/SDH
28 Packet over SONET/SDH
1 WANPHY controller(s)
8 GigabitEthernet
1 Asynchronous Transfer Mode
1019k bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
38079M bytes of hard disk.
2052832k bytes of disk0: (Sector size 512 bytes).
Boot device on node 0/0/CPU0 is bootflash:
Package active on node 0/0/CPU0:

hfr-fpd, V 3.8.1[00], Cisco Systems, at disk0:hfr-fpd-3.8.1


Built on Wed Jul 29 03:41:40 PST 2009
By edde-bld1 in /auto/srcarchive3/production/3.8.1/hfr/workspace for c4.2.1-p0

!-- Output Truncated --


Cisco NX-OS Images
Figure 17 shows the system image name of Cisco NX-OS Software Release 4.2(1), see also the Cisco NX-OS Software Reference
Guide.

Figure 17. Example of a Cisco NX-OS Software Image Name


Figure 18 shows the output of the show version command and highlights the system image version and system image file.

Figure 18. Cisco NX-OS Software 4.2(1) Output from the show version Command

switch# show version


Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software
TAC support: http://www.cisco.com/tac
Copyright (c) 2002-2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
The copyrights to certain works contained in this software are
owned by other third parties and used and distributed under
license. Certain components of this software are licensed under
the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.0 or the GNU
Lesser General Public License (LGPL) Version 2.1. A copy of each
such license is available at
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.php and
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.php

Software
BIOS: version 3.15.0
loader: version N/A
kickstart: version 4.2(1) [gdb]
system: version 4.2(1) [gdb]
BIOS compile time: 03/04/09
kickstart image file is: bootflash:/n7000-s1-kickstart.4.2.1.bin
kickstart compile time: 3/6/2009 2:00:00 [04/02/2009 09:49:07]
system image file is: bootflash:/n7000-s1-dk9.4.2.1.bin
system compile time: 3/6/2009 2:00:00 [04/02/2009 10:28:32]

Hardware
cisco Nexus7000 C7010 (10 Slot) Chassis ("Supervisor module-1X")
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU with 2063436 kB of memory.
Processor Board ID JAB10380101
Device name: switch
bootflash: 1023120 kB
slot0: 0 kB (expansion flash)

Kernel uptime is 2 day(s), 17 hour(s), 26 minute(s), 1 second(s)

Last reset at 121426 usecs after Sun Apr 13 20:38:08 2009

Reason: Reset Requested by CLI command reload


System version: 4.2(1)
Service:

!-- Output Truncated --


Tools and Resources
Table 8 briefly describes some of the most useful Cisco tools for planning a Cisco IOS Software release migration.

Table 8. Tools and Resources


Tool Description
Cisco Security Advisories Responses, and The Cisco PSIRT creates and maintains publications for security
Notices issues that affect Cisco products.

Bug Toolkit (registered customers only) Searches for known bugs based on software version, feature set, and
keywords.

Cisco Product/Technology Support Documentation for each release of Cisco IOS and NX-OS Software.

Feature Navigator (registered customers only) Find releases that support a set of software features and platforms,
and compare different releases.

Software Advisor (registered customers only) Compares IOS releases, matches IOS features to releases, and
determines which software release supports a given hardware device.

Download Software ( registered customers Download software, select by product type.


only)

Cisco Security Intelligence Operations Early-warning intelligence, threat and vulnerability analysis, and
proven Cisco mitigation solutions to help protect networks.

End-of-Life End-of-Life information.

Cisco Applied Mitigation Bulletins These bulletins describe techniques that use Cisco product abilities to
detect and mitigate exploits.

How to Choose a Cisco IOS Software Provides guidelines to help choose the most appropriate Cisco IOS
Release Software release to meet requirements and provides suggestions and
tools to aid in this process.

Acknowledgments
A number of individuals have contributed to this document.
Last updated by Juan-Manuel Gonzalez (juagonza@cisco.com).
Network Consulting Engineer.

References
Cisco IOS XE Software for Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6642/prod_white_papers_list.html

Cisco IOS XE Software for Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/routers/ps9343/product_bulletin_c25-448387.html

Cisco IOS XE Software End-of-Life Guidelines


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/routers/ps9343/product_bulletin_c25-448258.html

Cisco NX-OS Software Reference Guide


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps9494/ps9372/White_Paper_C11-451629.html

Cisco IOS Software Modularity on the Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switch
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/switches/ps5718/ps708/prod_white_paper0900aecd80313e09.html

Cisco IOS Packaging Product Bulletin (Registered customers only)


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/customer/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps8802/ps5460/prod_bulletin0900aecd80281b17.html

Cisco IOS Software Product Lifecycle Dates & Milestones


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps8802/ps6969/ps1835/prod_bulletin0900aecd801eda8a_ps6350_Products_Bulle
tin.html

Cisco IOS Packaging Customer Q&A (Registered customers only)


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/customer/products/sw/iosswrel/ps5460/products_qanda_item09186a00801af2c6.shtml

Cisco Software Activation and Compatibility Document


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/lan/catalyst3750e_3560e/software/release/12.2_50_se/configuration/note/swactivn.html#w
p52909
Cisco IOS Release 15.0 Feature Sets and Memory Recommendations for Cisco 1900, 2900 and 3900 Series Routers
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps8802/ps5460/product_bulletin_c25-566278_ps10537_Products_Bulletin.html

This document is part of the Cisco Security Intelligence Operations.

This document is provided on an "as is" basis and does not imply any kind of guarantee or warranty, including the warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use. Your use of the information on the document or materials linked from the document is at
your own risk. Cisco reserves the right to change or update this document at any time.

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