Presentation 3.

Instrument Transformer Testing in HV Systems

Calibration of Split-Core Current Transformers

12.10.2011 Mr. Weiher 50HzT

Portrait of 50Hertz Transmission

The transmission system operator

- 50Hertz is the transmission system operator for

the German states of Berlin, Brandenburg, Hamburg,
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Hamburg
Berlin
Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia

- 50Hertz is responsible for operating, 50Hertz

Transmission
maintaining, and extending the 220 kV and
380 kV extra high-voltage overhead lines in these regions
("electricity highways")

- The 50Hertz transmission system is the backbone

for safe and secure electricity supply to 18 million
people in Germany

12.10.2011 Hr. Weiher 50HzT 2

© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.2

Portrait of 50Hertz Transmission

The transmission system

The 50Hertz grid is situated at the heart of Europe,
connecting electricity systems in Eastern, Western,
and Northern Europe.
Interconnectors to Poland, the Czech Republic,
and Denmark ensure a reliable electricity supply
system
in Europe.
Facts and figures:
- Length: 9,700 km
- Substations: 69
- Area: 109,000 km2
- Staff: 656 (as of February 2011)
- Registered office: Berlin
- 6 regional centers
- 24-hour service on site

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50Hertz as part of the Elia Group

Energinet.dk

TenneT
TenneT

Amprion

EnBW
TNG

12.10.2011 Hr. Weiher 50HzT 4

© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.3

Motivation for using split-core current transformers

- Due to unbundling between the TSO and DSO grids, it became necessary
to retrofit calibrated current and voltage transformers at the grid interface points

- Replacing current transformers can be extremely costly, particularly with GIS systems
installed in the 1970s (costs can quickly reach 6-figure level)

- A suitable alternative was therefore sought and ultimately found in split-core current
transformers

There was no German Federal Institute of Physics and Metrology

Disadvantage (PTB) type approval or any suitable testing devices available until
the end of 2010.
As such, there was no real calibration option available in Germany

12.10.2011 Hr. Weiher 50HzT 5

Principle of split-core current transformer calibration

Type approvals and a calibration directive (TR-E 45_2011) have been available for the
split-core current transformers from Ritz and ELEQ since the start of 2011
Principle:
1. Calibration of the transformers at a recognized test center
2. Split-core current transformer reference measurements at the test center using an OMICRON
CT Analyzer
3. Installation of the transformers on the construction site (with calibrated torque wrench)
4. Second transformer reference measurement with CTA, requiring compliance with certain
conditions (temperature, deviation from the first reference measurement must be within the
limits set out by the German Federal Institute of Physics and Metrology (PTB); see TR-E 45)
5. Calibration stamp on the construction site. This is valid for 2 years and must then be repeated
6. The test center must maintain a transformer log book

… on the legal framework conditions can be found in Mr.

More
Hohensee's presentation from 25 March 2011 entitled "Mobile
details …
calibration of transducers"

12.10.2011 Hr. Weiher 50HzT 6

© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.4

Principle of split-core current transformer

calibration - Testing procedure

Split-core current transformers: calibration procedure*

At the test center On site

Installation
a)
Transport

b) c)

Corrections

a) Measurement using stationary test device at the test center (X 0)

b) Measurement using mobile test device at the test center (X1; determining the corrections XD)
c) Measurement using mobile test device following installation on site (X 2)
*the procedure consists of three steps

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SF-6 system – Example

Old GIS voltage transformer,

replacement with new unit;
both variants
CB 50HzT

Potential space for

calibrated class 0.2 split-
core current transformer;
variant 2
SS space DSO

Potential space for GIS

current transformer
certified; variant 1

Non-certified GIS
current transformer
(currently in place)

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.5

Installed protection transformer

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Installed split-core current transformer for

measurement and protection

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.6

Installed split-core current transformer

Split-core
current
transformer for
measurement.
2 cores per
line

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Calibrated torque wrench

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.7

Split-core current transformer testing using the

CT Analyzer

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Split-core current transformer testing using the

CT Analyzer

12.10.2011 Hr. Weiher 50HzT 14

© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.8

Split-core current transformer testing using the

CT Analyzer

12.10.2011 Hr. Weiher 50HzT 15

Result of the test measurement in the substation

Result of the test measurement in the substation

Results with rated load:
Load Current measurement deviation in % at % of the rated current
Status info: Test OK
VA/cos ϕ 1.0 5.0 10 20 50 100 120 200
Results of the operating load:
15.00/0.800 -0.120 -0.111 -0.107 -0.102 -0.093 -0.084 -0.083 -0.080
- Load applied: 15,000 VA
cos ́: 0.800 7.50/0.800 -0.046 -0.046 -0.044 -0.042 -0.039 -0.036 -0.034 -0.031

- I-p applied: 1,200 A 3.75/1.000 0.020 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.009

- Transformer ratio: 1200.0: 0.9992 1.88/1.000 0.023 0.021 0.019 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.014

- Deviation: -0.084 % Load Error angle in minutes at % of the rated current

 ǡ-c: 0.125 % VA/cos ϕ 1.0 5.0 10 20 50 100 120 200
- N: 1199.63 15.00/0.800 6.39 5.16 4.52 3.90 3.25 2.97 2.97 3.20
- Phase: 2.97 min 7.50/0.800 4.14 3.50 3.12 2.75 2.29 2.02 1.98 1.89
- Polarity: OK 3.75/1.000 3.39 3.04 2.82 2.56 2.24 2.02 1.97 1.85

1.88/1.000 2.51 2.28 2.14 1.95 1.72 1.55 1.50 1.40

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.9

Test set-up in the laboratory

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Test set-up in the laboratory

- Inputs made directly using the integrated keypad

- Optional use with connected PC

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.10

Ritz split-core current transformer

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Technical directive for transformer testing in high

voltage switchgear

Connection of the CTA to a freely accessible transformer

The measurement cables on the primary side are connected as closely as possible to the primary
connections of the transformer (see illustration below). It is important to ensure that the
measurement cables on the testing side and secondary side are connected to the test object (bolts
or clamps on the transformer connection terminal).

- Simple transformer and load testing

method

- Determination of the transformer data, if

unknown

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum

 Presentation 3.11

Many thanks for your time.

Many thanks for your time.

Should you have any questions, please feel free to contact:

Torsten Weiher
50Hertz Transmission
Tel: +49 (0)30 515 022 70

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© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2011 – Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum