Central Philippine University

College of Engineering

Jaro, Iloilo City

Experiment No. 19

STATIC BENDING OF WOOD

GABB RIEL G. PALACIOS

March 21, 2018

NOVEE LYNN MORIILO

KHRISTIA MARIE NARISMA

RENZO DE LOS SANTOS

EDWARD JOSHUA UY

ENGR. JANE H. CHUA

 EXPERIMENT 19: STATIC BENDING OF WOOD

GABB RIEL G. PALACIOS

Introduction

Most structure and machine have members whose primary function is to resist loads that cause
bending. Examples mare beams, hooks, plates slabs, and columns under eccentric loadings. The design of such
structures members may be based on tensile compressive and shearing properties accounted various bending
formulas. In many instances, however, bending gives results that only approximate the real conditions. The
bending test may then as a direct means of evaluating behavior under bending loads, particularly for
determining limits of structural stability of beams of various shapes and sizes.

Flexural tests on beams are usually made to determine the strength and stiffness in bending; occasionally
they are made to obtain a fairly complete picture of stress distribution in a flexural member.

Beam test also offer a means of determining the resilience and toughness of material in bending.

If a beam specimen is to be tested for flexural failure, as in the case when modulus of rupture of a
material is to be determined, it must be proportional that it does not fail by lateral buckling or in shear
before the ultimate flexural strength is reached. In order to avoid shear failure, the span must not be too
short with respect to the depth. For wood, small clear pieces of wood, 50 x 50 x 750 mm (2 x 2 x 30 in.) in
size, are tested under center loading, bur large timber beams having a length of 5 m. are often tested under
third point loading.

REFERENCES: ASTM (C 192, C 192M-95 , C 31/31M-95, C 470-94, C 617-94)

AASHTO (T 126-70, T 119-74)

 EXPERIMENT 19: STATIC BENDING OF WOOD

GABB RIEL G. PALACIOS

I. Statement of the Problem

Objective: To determine the mechanical properties of wood subjected to bending and to study the failure of
the material.

II. Materials, Apparatus, Methods of Testing

Apparatus:

Universal Testing Machine

Beam support

Procedure:

1. Mark the center and end points of the specimen for a 30 in. span.
2. Place the beam in the machine with the ends placed on the supports and place the loading block at
the center of the beam. The whole assembly shall be properly centered such that loading block is at
the center of the machine’s loading head.
3. Lower the loading head until a small compressive load is applied to the beam. Place the deflection
gage at the midspan in such a way that it can measure the midspan deflection f the beam.
4. Apply the load continuously at the rate of approximately 1000 pounds per minute. Take simultaneous
load and deflection readings for increment of every 200 pounds until the maximum load has been
reached. Remove the dial gage prior to the failure of the beam.
5. Sketch the appearance of the failure.
6. Plot a load-deflection curve and compute all the properties called using the for using the formula
shown below.
 EXPERIMENT 19: STATIC BENDING OF WOOD

GABB RIEL G. PALACIOS

III. COMPUTATION

Summary of Results:

Maximum Load on the beam 0.555 tons

Span 21 inches
Base 1.772 inches
Height 1.772 inches
Modulus of Rupture (MR) 6284.089 psi

The specimen after maximum bending forces is applied.

MR = 3PmaxL
2bh²

Where:

Pmax and L = maximum load and span of

the beam b and h = width and height
of the cross-section
MR = Modulus of Rupture

MR = 3(0.555)(2000) (21)
2(1.772)(1.772^2)

MR = 6284.089 psi
 EXPERIMENT 19: STATIC BENDING OF WOOD

GABB RIEL G. PALACIOS

IV. DICUSSION AND FINDINGS

The data on the experiment indicates that at 0.555 tons of load, the wood specimen ruptures.
From this amount of load the computed modulus of rupture of the wood is 6284.089 psi. The modulus of
rupture is determined through the experiment in order to determine also the woods overall strength; unlike
the modulus of elasticity, that measures the wood deflection, but not its ultimate strength. It is recommended
to know the specimen dimension before testing and proper skills in performing this experiment should be
observe.

Appendices:
 EXPERIMENT 19: STATIC BENDING OF WOOD

GABB RIEL G. PALACIOS